Laser trigger switch state characteristic nondestructive testing method, device, medium and system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of nondestructive testing, and particularly relates to a nondestructive testing method for state characteristics of a laser-triggered switch, which comprises the following steps: irradiating a laser by a pulse laser to trigger a vacuum switch target material to induce generation of an electric arc, acquiring electric arc spectrum information by using a spectrograph, and realizing non-contact evaluation of the service life of the switch according to the change rule of the spectrum characteristics; based on the same inventive concept, the invention further provides a laser trigger switch state characteristic nondestructive testing device, a non-transient readable recording medium storing a program of the method and a system comprising the medium, and the program can be called through a processing circuit to execute the method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of nondestructive testing, and discloses a method, a device, a system and a recording medium storing a program capable of executing the method for nondestructive testing state characteristics of a laser-triggered switch. Background Art

[0002] Pulse power technology is currently widely used in defense, energy, basic scientific research and other fields. High-voltage switching devices play a decisive role in the energy storage and pulse formation of pulse power systems. The performance of the switch directly determines the key indicators of the pulse power system, such as capacity and output waveform quality. However, as the number of switch operations increases, the performance of the switch will decrease and may even fail to meet system requirements.

[0003] Laser-triggered vacuum switches have the advantages of short triggering delay, high precision, long service life, and photoelectric isolation, and have broad application prospects in pulse power systems. The laser-triggered vacuum switch uses a pulsed laser to irradiate the target placed on the cathode. After the target absorbs the laser energy, it undergoes processes such as heating, melting, evaporation, and ionization, thereby generating an initial arc. The initial arc weakens the insulation strength of the vacuum medium. Under the action of the working voltage, the vacuum medium undergoes insulation breakdown, and the laser-triggered vacuum switch completes the triggering process. The target material properties have an important influence on the initial arc characteristics, which in turn affects the working characteristics of the laser-triggered vacuum switch. In 1988, PJ Brannon and DFCowgill of Sandia used a mixture as a target material to reduce the laser triggering threshold of the laser-triggered vacuum switch and improve the working performance of the switch. The mixed target is composed of KCl with a diameter of 300μm and Ti with a diameter of 8μm, with a diameter of 3mm. It is placed in the middle hole of the cathode, and the surface of the target material is 0.5mm lower than the cathode surface. The initial arc generation process of the laser-triggered vacuum switch with KCl and Ti as the target material is as follows: the laser irradiates the mixed target material, and Ti in the target material is responsible for absorbing the laser energy. Ti heats KCl through heat conduction of the laser energy, causing KCl to heat up, melt, evaporate, and ionize. With the increase in the number of working times, under the ablation of the laser and the high-current arc, the mass of the target material decreases and the composition ratio changes, which affects the characteristics of the initial arc, deteriorates the triggering characteristics of the laser-triggered vacuum switch, such as the triggering delay and jitter, and even fails to meet the requirements of the pulse power system, affecting the safe and reliable operation of the system. However, there is currently a lack of prediction methods for the working characteristics and remaining working life of the switch. The degree of degradation of the working characteristics of the laser-triggered vacuum switch cannot be predicted before the system works. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for nondestructive detection of state characteristics of a laser-triggered switch, and the specific scheme includes the following steps:

[0005] S1. Control the laser irradiation of the switch target used for the test through the timing controller, generate an arc, extract the arc spectrum information, and record the triggering times and working characteristics of the switch;

[0006] S2. storing the arc spectrum information, trigger times and working characteristics data corresponding to the switch target material used for each laser irradiation test in the database, and establishing a mathematical model of the relationship between the arc spectrum information, trigger times and working characteristics;

[0007] S3. The laser is irradiated on the switch target to be tested, and the obtained arc spectrum information is input into the mathematical model. The machine learning algorithm is used to obtain the triggering times of the laser triggered switch, calculate the remaining working life and predict the working characteristics of the laser triggered switch when it is triggered next time.

[0008] Preferably, the arc spectrum information includes peak value, half-width, and change trend.

[0009] The peak value is helpful in analyzing the emission ability of the arc at a specific wavelength; the half-width can reflect the spectral range of the spectral line, and the changing trend can reveal the absorption or emission characteristics of the substance at different wavelengths, and then infer the chemical composition or physical state of the substance.

[0010] Preferably, the arc spectrum information is extracted by reflecting arc light in a set wavelength range through a dichroic mirror.

[0011] Arc light within a set wavelength range can be extracted through reflection from a dichroic mirror, thus avoiding the influence of laser reflection on spectral analysis.

[0012] Preferably, the working characteristics include the content of KCl and Ti in the target material, trigger delay and jitter.

[0013] Preferably, the machine learning algorithm includes a support vector machine algorithm, a decision tree algorithm, a neural network algorithm, and a deep learning algorithm.

[0014] To cooperate with the implementation of the above method, the present application also provides a laser-triggered switch state characteristic non-destructive detection device, including: a pulsed laser, a dichroic mirror, a focusing lens, a spectrometer, a timing controller, and a signal processing unit; wherein the timing controller is electrically connected to the pulsed laser and the spectrometer respectively, and is used to control the synchronization of arc light reception and pulsed laser emission, the pulsed laser is ultraviolet light, and the spectrometer is communicatively connected to the signal processing unit; the optical axis of the pulsed laser passes through the dichroic mirror, the focusing lens, the light-transmitting window of the laser-triggered switch end cover, and the center of the target material in sequence, the thin film on the dichroic mirror can pass ultraviolet light and reflect visible light, the dichroic mirror is 45° to the optical axis, and the axis of the light-receiving hole of the spectrometer intersects the optical axis perpendicularly at the center of the dichroic mirror.

[0015] Another embodiment of the present invention is to provide a non-transitory readable recording medium for storing one or more programs including a plurality of instructions. When the instructions are executed, the processing circuit will execute the above-mentioned laser-triggered switch state characteristic non-destructive detection method.

[0016] The present invention also provides a laser-triggered switch state characteristic nondestructive testing system, comprising a processing circuit and a memory electrically coupled thereto, characterized in that the memory is configured to store at least one program, the program comprising a plurality of instructions, and the processing circuit runs the program to execute the above-mentioned laser-triggered switch state characteristic nondestructive testing method.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0018] The target material of the vacuum switch is triggered by pulsed laser irradiation to induce arc, and the arc spectrum information is obtained by spectrometer. According to the change law of spectrum characteristics, non-contact evaluation of switch life can be achieved.

[0019] The pulse laser, optical path system, and light-transmitting window of the switch end cover in the original laser-triggered vacuum switch system are used to reduce the investment in new equipment and make it more convenient to use.

[0020] Only one laser pulse is needed to predict the working characteristics of the switch, ensuring that the working characteristics of the switch during operation meet the requirements of the pulse power system, avoiding damage to the switch caused by multiple triggering of switch detection and resulting in a reduction in life. When the working characteristics of the switch deteriorate to the point where they cannot meet the system requirements, the switch can be replaced in time to ensure safe and reliable operation of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser-triggered switch state characteristic nondestructive testing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Among them, 1. pulse laser; 2. pulse laser; 3. dichroic mirror; 4. focusing lens; 5. laser-triggered vacuum switch end cover light-transmitting window; 6. target material; 7. arc light; 8. spectrometer; 9. timing controller; 10. signal processing unit; 11. laser-triggered vacuum switch to be tested. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making innovative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] An embodiment of a nondestructive testing device for state characteristics of a laser-triggered switch comprises: a pulse laser 1, a dichroic mirror 3, a focusing lens 4, a spectrometer 8, a timing controller 9, and a signal processing unit 10; wherein the timing controller 9 is electrically connected to the pulse laser 1 and the spectrometer 8 respectively, and is used to control the synchronization of receiving an arc light 7 and emitting a pulse laser 2; the pulse laser 2 is ultraviolet light, and the spectrometer 8 is in communication connection with the signal processing unit 10; the optical axis of the pulse laser 1 passes through the dichroic mirror 3, the focusing lens 4, the light-transmitting window 5 of the laser-triggered switch end cover, and the center of a target material 6 in sequence, the thin film on the dichroic mirror 3 can pass ultraviolet light and reflect visible light, the dichroic mirror 3 is 45° with the optical axis, and the axis centerline of the light-receiving hole of the spectrometer 8 intersects the optical axis perpendicularly at the center of the dichroic mirror 3.

[0025] The above device is used in the following steps to form an embodiment of a laser-triggered switch state characteristic nondestructive detection method:

[0026] When the laser-triggered vacuum switch 11 to be tested is not in a working state, the pulse laser 1 is controlled by the timing controller 9 to generate a pulse laser 2, and the target material 6 is irradiated through the dichroic mirror 3, the focusing lens 4 and the light-transmitting window 5 of the laser-triggered vacuum switch end cover; the target material 6 generates an arc light 7 under the action of the pulse laser 2, and the spectrometer 8 captures the arc light 7 under the control of the timing controller 9, and the signal analysis module 10 obtains the spectrum information of the arc light 7, and the arc spectrum information, the triggering number and the working characteristics data corresponding to the target material 6 used for the test each time the laser irradiation is respectively stored in the database, and a mathematical model of the relationship between the arc spectrum information, the triggering number and the working characteristics is established;

[0027] The target material of the switch to be tested is irradiated with laser, and the obtained arc spectrum information is input into the mathematical model. The arc spectrum information includes peak value, half-width, and change trend. The machine learning algorithm is used to obtain the triggering number of the laser triggered switch, calculate the remaining working life and predict the working characteristics of the laser triggered switch when it is triggered next time. The working characteristics include the content of KCl and Ti in the target material, trigger delay and jitter.

[0028] In addition, adding the acquired data to the database can improve the accuracy of the prediction results by increasing the number of samples in the database. Machine learning algorithms include but are not limited to support vector machine algorithms, decision tree algorithms, neural network algorithms, deep learning algorithms, etc.

[0029] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computers, available storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer usable program codes.

[0030] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0031] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture including an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0032] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0033] Compiling the above method steps into a program and then storing it on a hard disk or other non-transitory storage medium constitutes an embodiment of the "non-transitory readable recording medium" of the present invention; and electrically connecting the storage medium to a computer processor and completing non-destructive testing of the laser triggered switch state characteristics through data processing constitutes an embodiment of the "non-destructive testing system for laser triggered switch state characteristics" of the present invention.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser-triggered switch state characteristic nondestructive testing method, characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Control the laser irradiation of the switch target used for the test through the timing controller, generate an arc, extract the arc spectrum information, and record the triggering times and working characteristics of the switch; S2. storing the arc spectrum information, trigger times and working characteristics data corresponding to the switch target material used for each laser irradiation test in the database, and establishing a mathematical model of the relationship between the arc spectrum information, trigger times and working characteristics; S3. The laser is irradiated on the switch target to be tested, and the obtained arc spectrum information is input into the mathematical model. The machine learning algorithm is used to obtain the triggering times of the laser triggered switch, calculate the remaining working life and predict the working characteristics of the laser triggered switch when it is triggered next time.

2. A laser-triggered switch state characteristic nondestructive testing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc spectrum information includes peak value, half-width, and change trend.

3. A laser-triggered switch state characteristic nondestructive testing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Arc spectrum information is extracted by reflecting arc light of a set wavelength range through a dichroic mirror.

4. A laser-triggered switch state characteristic nondestructive testing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The working characteristics include the content of KCl and Ti in the target material, trigger delay and jitter.

5. A laser-triggered switch state characteristic nondestructive testing method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The machine learning algorithms include support vector machine algorithms, decision tree algorithms, neural network algorithms, and deep learning algorithms.

6. A laser-triggered nondestructive testing device for switch state characteristics, characterized in that include: Pulse laser, dichroic mirror, focusing lens, spectrometer, timing controller, signal processing unit; wherein the timing controller is electrically connected to the pulse laser and the spectrometer respectively, and is used to control the synchronization of arc light reception and pulse laser emission; the pulse laser is ultraviolet light, and the spectrometer is communicatively connected to the signal processing unit; the optical axis of the pulse laser passes through the dichroic mirror, the focusing lens, the light-transmitting window of the laser trigger switch end cover and the center of the target material in sequence, the film on the dichroic mirror can pass ultraviolet light and reflect visible light, the dichroic mirror is 45° with the optical axis, and the axis of the light-receiving hole of the spectrometer intersects the optical axis perpendicularly at the center of the dichroic mirror.

7. A non-transitory readable recording medium for storing one or more programs including a plurality of instructions, characterized in that: When the instruction is executed, the processing circuit will be caused to execute a laser triggered switch state characteristic non-destructive detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A laser-triggered switch state characteristic nondestructive testing system, characterized in that It includes a processing circuit and a memory electrically coupled thereto, characterized in that the memory is configured to store at least one program, the program includes a plurality of instructions, and the processing circuit runs the program to execute a program of a laser triggered switch state characteristic non-destructive testing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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