Hanging type geological radar based on TBM and shield tunneling machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of detection, in particular to a mounting type geological radar based on a TBM and a shield tunneling machine. The mounting type geological radar based on the TBM and the shield tunneling machine comprises a maintenance hole radar shell and a radar shell in sliding connection with the interior of the maintenance hole radar shell. Wherein a sliding assembly is arranged at the bottom in the maintenance hole radar shell, and the radar shell can be pushed out to the outer side of the maintenance hole radar shell through the sliding assembly. According to the mounting type geological radar based on the TBM and the shield tunneling machine, the mounting type design is adopted, the mounting type geological radar can be rapidly installed on the TBM or the shield tunneling machine, unfolding, angle adjusting and recycling of the geological radar are achieved through an automatic mechanism, the working efficiency is improved, the geological radar can be applied to the TBM and the shield tunneling machine, the problem that electromagnetic waves cannot penetrate through metal is solved, and the geological radar can be applied to the TBM or the shield tunneling machine. Real-time detection of geological conditions in the tunneling process of the TBM or the shield tunneling machine is achieved, construction safety is improved, accurate geological data are provided through three-dimensional scanning of the geological radar, and construction is guided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of detection, and in particular to a geological radar mounted on a TBM or a shield machine. Background Art

[0002] With the development of economy, transportation construction has entered the fast lane. In transportation construction, from traditional digging and back-carrying to the current mechanized construction, there are many tunnels under the tunnel, especially in urban subways. Nowadays, large-scale TBMs and shield machines are widely used in tunnel construction. The geological conditions of the front and surrounding areas of TBMs and shield machines are unknown during work, which is equivalent to blind hitting. This is also prone to sudden mud and water, landslides and other accidents, causing huge losses of personnel and property. The advanced prediction methods used in excavation today include elastic wave (artificial seismic wave) detection method, drilling and core extraction method, etc. The elastic wave detection method is relatively effective for hard and complete rock mass detection. There is basically no data that can be explained for geological conditions such as loose soil and broken soil. Secondly, the interpretability of elastic waves to form three-dimensional images is not high. Third, elastic waves were initially generated by blasting. Because of safety, the hammer method (manual hammering with a sledgehammer) was used. The source generated by the hammer method is unstable. After multiple knocks, the source is inconsistent. In other words, the elastic wave detection method does not have a consistent source. If the source is unstable, it is impossible to have accurate and reliable geological data. The drilling method for coring rocks is limited because of the limited space behind the cutterhead inside the TBM and shield machine body where large drilling rigs cannot enter, and manual construction with small drilling rigs can only explore to a depth of several meters. Secondly, large-scale drilling is not possible due to limited space, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Drilling in unknown conditions may cause disasters, and may drill through underground rivers or large water bodies to destroy stress and cause disasters.

[0003] Geological radar is the most mature method of geological exploration, but it is denied by the industry for advanced prediction of TBM and shield machines because geological radar emits electromagnetic waves and electronic signals, which cannot penetrate metal, while the cutterhead and shell of TBM and shield machines are made of all metal, with a thickness of more than 30 centimeters.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new geological radar mounted on TBM and shield machine to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, a geological radar mounted on a TBM and a shield machine is provided to solve the above problems.

[0006] The TBM- and shield-machine-mounted geological radar provided by the present invention comprises: a maintenance hole radar shell, and a radar shell slidably connected to the maintenance hole radar shell; wherein a sliding component is provided at the bottom of the maintenance hole radar shell, and the radar shell can be pushed out to the outside of the maintenance hole radar shell through the sliding component; an unfolding and recovery component is provided at the bottom of the radar shell in the maintenance hole radar shell, and the radar shell can be turned over through the unfolding and recovery component; the unfolding and recovery component comprises a radar bracket rotatably connected to both sides of the radar shell, and the radar bracket is in a U-shaped structure, a radar angle control motor is installed on one side located in the radar shell, and the output end of the radar angle control motor passes through one side of the radar shell and is connected to the radar bracket.

[0007] Preferably, the deployment and recovery assembly also includes a support arm, and the support arm is located below the radar bracket, one end of the support arm is connected to a hinge, and the hinge is located between the radar bracket and the radar shell, and a motor bracket is installed on one side of the hinge.

[0008] Preferably, a gearbox housing is installed on the side of the motor bracket away from the hinge, a bearing is installed in the gearbox housing, the inner side of the bearing is connected to the gearbox output shaft, and one end of the gearbox output shaft passes through the motor bracket and the hinge and is connected to the support arm, and the motor bracket is located on one side of the gearbox housing and is equipped with an unfolding and recovery motor for driving the bearing to rotate.

[0009] Preferably, the sliding assembly includes a trapezoidal screw that rotates inside the maintenance hole radar shell, and the trapezoidal screw is located at the bottom of the maintenance hole radar shell, light columns are installed above both sides of the trapezoidal screw, and both ends of the two light columns are connected to the inner wall of the maintenance hole radar shell.

[0010] Preferably, the sliding assembly also includes a slider, and the slider is located at the bottom of the maintenance hole radar shell, the slider is an arc structure, both ends of the slider are respectively slidably connected to the light column, the outer side of the trapezoidal lead screw is threadedly connected to the slider, and the top of the slider is connected to the support arm.

[0011] Preferably, a driving gear is rotatably connected to the bottom of one side of the maintenance hole radar shell, and a driven gear is meshingly connected to the bottom of the driving gear. The side of the driven gear close to the maintenance hole radar shell is connected to the inner wall that penetrates the maintenance hole radar shell and is connected to the trapezoidal lead screw, and a sliding motor for driving the driving gear to rotate is installed on the side of the maintenance hole radar shell close to the trapezoidal lead screw.

[0012] Preferably, a gear box cover is provided on the outer sides of the driving gear and the driven gear of the maintenance hole radar shell, and the side of the gear box cover close to the maintenance hole radar shell is connected to the maintenance hole radar shell.

[0013] Preferably, slots for the radar shell to pass through are provided on both sides of the maintenance hole radar shell.

[0014] Preferably, a geological radar is installed in the radar shell.

[0015] Preferably, two sets of guide frames are installed on both sides of the maintenance hole radar shell, and the distance between the two sets of guide frames is greater than the width of the radar shell.

[0016] Compared with the related art, the geological radar mounted on TBM and shield machine provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The present invention adopts a mounting design and can be quickly installed on a TBM or a shield machine. The geological radar can be deployed, angle adjusted and recovered through an automated mechanism, thereby improving work efficiency. The geological radar can be applied to TBMs and shield machines to solve the problem that electromagnetic waves cannot penetrate metals, and real-time detection of geological conditions during the excavation of the TBM or shield machine can be achieved, thereby improving construction safety. The geological radar can also provide accurate geological data through three-dimensional scanning to guide construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the geological radar mounted on a TBM and a shield machine provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the front view shown;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The schematic cross-sectional view of the structure shown;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding assembly shown;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the structure from a top view shown;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the unfolded recovery assembly shown;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical principle.

[0025] Numbers in the figure: 1. Maintenance hole radar shell; 2. Radar shell; 21. Angle control motor; 3. Radar bracket; 31. Hinge; 32. Support arm; 33. Motor bracket; 34. Gearbox shell; 35. Bearing; 36. Gearbox output shaft; 37. Unfolding recovery motor; 4. Trapezoidal screw; 41. Light column; 42. Sliding block; 43. Driving gear; 44. Driven gear; 45. Sliding motor; 46. Gearbox cover; 5. Guide frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0028] An embodiment of the present invention provides a geological radar mounted on a TBM and a shield machine. The geological radar mounted on a TBM and a shield machine includes: a maintenance hole radar shell 1, and a radar shell 2 slidably connected to the maintenance hole radar shell 1; wherein a sliding component is provided at the bottom of the maintenance hole radar shell 1, and the radar shell 2 can be pushed out to the outside of the maintenance hole radar shell 1 through the sliding component; an unfolding and recovery component is provided at the bottom of the radar shell 2 in the maintenance hole radar shell 1, and the radar shell 2 can be turned over through the unfolding and recovery component; the unfolding and recovery component includes a radar bracket 3 rotatably connected to both sides of the radar shell 2, and the radar bracket 3 is a U-shaped structure, a radar angle control motor 21 is installed on one side of the radar shell 2, and the output end of the radar angle control motor 21 passes through one side of the radar shell 2 and is connected to the radar bracket 3, slots for the radar shell 2 to pass through are provided on both sides of the maintenance hole radar shell 1, and a geological radar is installed in the radar shell 2.

[0029] It should be noted that the maintenance hole radar shell 1 is used to cooperate with the cutterhead maintenance hole of the TBM or shield machine to provide a shell for installing and protecting the geological radar. The radar shell 2 is slidably connected to the maintenance hole radar shell 1 to accommodate and protect the geological radar equipment. It can be pushed out to the outside of the maintenance hole radar shell 1 through the sliding component for geological scanning. The unfolding and recovery component is located in the maintenance hole radar shell 1, which is used to control the unfolding and recovery of the radar shell 2. The radar bracket 3 is rotatably connected to both sides of the radar shell 2 to form a U-shaped structure. When unfolded, the radar bracket 3 can support the geological radar and provide a stable working platform. The radar angle control motor 21 is installed on one side of the radar shell 2, and its output end passes through one side of the radar shell 2 and is connected to the radar bracket 3. The radar angle control motor 21 is used for the angle of the radar shell 2, thereby adjusting the scanning angle of the geological radar. When geological scanning is required, the radar shell 2 is pushed out to the front of the cutterhead along the slot of the maintenance hole radar shell 1 through the sliding component. Then, the geological radar is unfolded to a suitable angle for scanning by unfolding the radar bracket 3 and the radar angle control motor 21 in the recovery component. After the geological radar is deployed, the TBM or shield machine cutterhead is started, and combined with the angle control of the radar, a three-dimensional scan of the geological conditions ahead is achieved. The electromagnetic waves emitted by the geological radar can penetrate the strata, and the geological conditions ahead, such as rock type, lithology changes, groundwater, etc., can be judged according to the intensity and time difference of the reflected waves. After the scan is completed, the radar bracket 3 is folded by unfolding the recovery component, and the radar shell 2 is recovered along the slot of the maintenance hole radar shell 1 into the maintenance hole radar shell 1 using the sliding component to complete the recovery and protection of the equipment.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present invention, the deployment and recovery assembly also includes a support arm 32, and the support arm 32 is located below the radar bracket 3, one end of the support arm 32 is connected to a hinge 31, and the hinge 31 is located between the radar bracket 3 and the radar shell 2, a motor bracket 33 is installed on one side of the hinge 31, a gearbox housing 34 is installed on the side of the motor bracket 33 away from the hinge 31, a bearing 35 is installed in the gearbox housing 34, a gearbox output shaft 36 is connected to the inner side of the bearing 35, and one end of the gearbox output shaft 36 passes through the motor bracket 33 and the hinge 31 and is connected to the support arm 32, and the motor bracket 33 is located on one side of the gearbox housing 34 and is installed with a deployment and recovery motor 37 for driving the bearing 35 to rotate.

[0031] It should be noted that the arm 32 is located below the radar bracket 3 and is used to support and connect the radar bracket 3. One end of the arm 32 is connected to the radar bracket 3 through a hinge 31, so that the radar bracket 3 can rotate around the hinge 31 to achieve the action of deployment and recovery. The hinge 31 is located between the radar bracket 3 and the radar shell 2 and is used to connect the arm 32 and the radar bracket 3. A motor bracket 33 is installed on one side of the hinge 31 to provide an installation position for the deployment and recovery motor 37. The gearbox housing 34 is installed on the side of the motor bracket 33 away from the hinge 31, and is used to accommodate and protect transmission components such as bearings 35 and gearbox output shafts 36. A bearing 35 is installed inside the gearbox housing 34 to support the gearbox output shaft 36.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present invention, the sliding assembly includes a trapezoidal lead screw 4 that rotates in the maintenance hole radar shell 1, and the trapezoidal lead screw 4 is located at the bottom of the maintenance hole radar shell 1, and light columns 41 are installed above both sides of the trapezoidal lead screw 4, and both ends of the two light columns 41 are connected to the inner wall of the maintenance hole radar shell 1, the sliding assembly also includes a slider 42, and the slider 42 is located at the bottom of the maintenance hole radar shell 1, the slider 42 is an arc structure, and the two ends of the slider 42 are respectively slidably connected to the light column 41, the outer side of the trapezoidal lead screw 4 is threadedly connected to the slider 42, and the top of the slider 42 is connected to the support arm 32, and the maintenance hole radar shell 1 is connected to the maintenance hole radar shell 1. A driving gear 43 is rotatably connected to the bottom of one side of the repair hole radar shell 1, and a driven gear 44 is meshedly connected to the bottom of the driving gear 43. The driven gear 44 is connected to the trapezoidal lead screw 4 through the inner wall of the repair hole radar shell 1 on one side of the repair hole radar shell 1, and a sliding motor 45 for driving the driving gear 43 to rotate is installed on the side of the repair hole radar shell 1 close to the trapezoidal lead screw 4. A gear box cover 46 is provided on the outer sides of the driving gear 43 and the driven gear 44 of the repair hole radar shell 1, and the gear box cover 46 is connected to the repair hole radar shell 1 on the side close to the repair hole radar shell 1.

[0033] It should be noted that the lead screw 4 is located at the bottom of the maintenance hole radar shell 1 and is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the maintenance hole radar shell 1. Light columns 41 are installed above both sides of the lead screw 4 to provide guidance and support. Both ends of the light column 41 are connected to the inner wall of the maintenance hole radar shell 1 to ensure its stability. The slider 42 is located at the bottom of the maintenance hole radar shell 1 and is threadedly connected to the lead screw 4. The slider 42 is an arc structure, and its two ends are respectively slidably connected to the light column 41 to ensure its stability during movement. The slider 42 is connected to the support arm 32, and the radar shell 2 is pushed out and recovered by the rotation of the lead screw 4. The driving gear 43 is located at the bottom of one side of the maintenance hole radar shell 1 and is rotatably connected to the maintenance hole radar shell 1. The bottom of the driving gear 43 is meshed with the driven gear 44, and the rotation of the driving gear 43 drives the driven gear 44 to rotate. The rotation of the driven gear 44 is transmitted to the trapezoidal screw 4 through the connecting structure to realize the rotation of the trapezoidal screw 4. The sliding motor 45 is located on the side of the maintenance hole radar shell 1 close to the trapezoidal screw 4, and is used to drive the driving gear 43 to rotate. The sliding motor 45 controls the rotation of the trapezoidal screw 4 by controlling the rotation of the driving gear 43, thereby controlling the movement of the slider 42. The gear box cover 46 is located on the outside of the driving gear 43 and the driven gear 44 of the maintenance hole radar shell 1, and is used to protect the transmission structure inside the gear box.

[0034] In the embodiment of the present invention, two groups of guide frames 5 are installed on both sides of the maintenance hole radar housing 1 , and the distance between the two groups of guide frames 5 is greater than the width of the radar housing 2 .

[0035] It should be noted that the guide frames 5 are installed on both sides of the maintenance hole radar shell 1 to guide and stabilize the movement of the radar shell 2 to ensure the stability and accuracy of the radar shell 2 during the push-out and recovery process. The distance between the two sets of guide frames 5 is larger than the width of the radar shell 2. This design can provide sufficient space for the movement of the radar shell 2 and ensure that it will not collide or get stuck during the movement.

[0036] The working principle of the geological radar mounted on TBM and shield machine provided by the present invention is as follows: the geological radar is sent out through the maintenance hole of the TBM or shield machine cutter head by an automated mechanism to be deployed, and then the radar ray angle is changed according to the detection requirements to rotate with the TBM or shield machine cutter head to achieve three-dimensional scanning. This mechanism is composed of a housing matched with the maintenance hole, a deployment and recovery motor 37, a slide motor 45, and related components driven by the radar angle control motor 21 and a control component. The control component includes a controller, a built-in battery and a button, and the deployment and recovery motor 37, the slide motor 45 and the radar angle control motor 21 are all electrically connected to the controller. Because the size of the maintenance hole is limited and the geological radar is too large, the geological radar is usually placed vertically inside the radar shell 1 of the maintenance hole, and the excess part is covered with a plastic shell to facilitate transportation and prevent dust. When in use, remove the plastic shell, insert the maintenance hole, rotate the shell to lock it, press the expansion button, the geological radar is pushed out of the maintenance hole, and unfolded to face the face of the stellar antenna. The angle of the geological radar is controlled by the angle control motor 21 to return to the initial position, start the TBM or shield machine cutter head, and start data collection. The angle control motor changes 10 degrees or 5 degrees for each rotation of the cutter head. The angle is controlled according to demand. After 10 circles, the cutter head is stopped, and the recovery button is pressed. The geological radar is automatically rotated to the recovery position by the angle control motor 21, and then the expansion motor 37 folds the geological radar to the recovery position. The geological radar is dragged back into the maintenance hole through the sliding assembly. The staff unlocks the shell lock and rotates the shell to retract the entire TBM or shield machine mounted radar, cleans it, and puts it into the plastic shell for recovery.

[0037] The circuits and controls involved in the present invention are all prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0038] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A geological radar mounted on a TBM or shield machine, characterized in that: include: A maintenance hole radar shell (1), and a radar shell (2) slidably connected to the maintenance hole radar shell (1); Wherein, a sliding component is arranged at the bottom of the maintenance hole radar shell (1), and the radar shell (2) can be pushed out to the outside of the maintenance hole radar shell (1) through the sliding component; A deployment recovery component is provided at the bottom of the radar shell (2) in the maintenance hole radar shell (1), and the radar shell (2) can be turned over by deploying the deployment recovery component; The deployment and recovery assembly comprises a radar bracket (3) rotatably connected to two sides of a radar shell (2), and the radar bracket (3) is in a U-shaped structure. A radar angle control motor (21) is installed on one side located inside the radar shell (2), and an output end of the radar angle control motor (21) passes through one side of the radar shell (2) and is connected to the radar bracket (3).

2. The TBM- and shield-mounted geological radar according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deployment and recovery assembly further comprises a support arm (32), and the support arm (32) is located below the radar bracket (3), one end of the support arm (32) is connected to a hinge (31), and the hinge (31) is located between the radar bracket (3) and the radar housing (2), and a motor bracket (33) is installed on one side of the hinge (31).

3. The TBM- and shield-mounted geological radar according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A gearbox housing (34) is installed on a side of the motor bracket (33) away from the hinge (31), a bearing (35) is installed inside the gearbox housing (34), a gearbox output shaft (36) is connected to the inner side of the bearing (35), and one end of the gearbox output shaft (36) passes through the motor bracket (33) and the hinge (31) and is connected to the support arm (32), and an unfolding and recovery motor (37) for driving the bearing (35) to rotate is installed on one side of the motor bracket (33) located on the gearbox housing (34).

4. The TBM- and shield-mounted geological radar according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The sliding assembly comprises a trapezoidal lead screw (4) which rotates inside the maintenance hole radar shell (1), and the trapezoidal lead screw (4) is located at the bottom inside the maintenance hole radar shell (1), and light columns (41) are installed above both sides of the trapezoidal lead screw (4), and both ends of the two light columns (41) are connected to the inner wall of the maintenance hole radar shell (1).

5. The TBM- and shield-mounted geological radar according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The sliding assembly further comprises a slider (42), and the slider (42) is located at the bottom of the maintenance hole radar shell (1), the slider (42) is an arc structure, both ends of the slider (42) are respectively slidably connected to the light column (41), the outer side of the trapezoidal lead screw (4) is threadedly connected to the slider (42), and the top of the slider (42) is connected to the support arm (32).

6. The TBM- and shield-mounted geological radar according to claim 5, characterized in that: A driving gear (43) is rotatably connected to the bottom of one side of the maintenance hole radar shell (1), and a driven gear (44) is meshedly connected to the bottom of the driving gear (43). The driven gear (44) is connected to an inner wall penetrating the maintenance hole radar shell (1) and is connected to a trapezoidal lead screw (4) on one side of the maintenance hole radar shell (1). A sliding motor (45) for driving the driving gear (43) to rotate is installed on one side of the maintenance hole radar shell (1) close to the trapezoidal lead screw (4).

7. The TBM- and shield-mounted geological radar according to claim 6, characterized in that: A gear box cover (46) is provided on the outer sides of the driving gear (43) and the driven gear (44) of the maintenance hole radar shell (1), and the gear box cover (46) is connected to the maintenance hole radar shell (1) at a side close to the maintenance hole radar shell (1).

8. The TBM- and shield-mounted geological radar according to claim 7, characterized in that: Slots for the radar shell (2) to pass through are provided on both sides of the maintenance hole radar shell (1).

9. The TBM- and shield-mounted geological radar according to claim 8, characterized in that: A geological radar is installed in the radar shell (2).

10. The TBM- and shield-mounted geological radar according to claim 9, characterized in that: Two groups of guide frames (5) are installed on both sides of the maintenance hole radar shell (1), and the distance between the two groups of guide frames (5) is greater than the width of the radar shell (2).

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