Offshore wind power access capacity planning method and device considering power transmission channel expansion and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses an offshore wind power access capacity planning method and device considering power transmission channel expansion and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a time sequence production simulation model and constraint conditions of the time sequence production simulation model according to unit parameters and the wind power, photovoltaic power and load of a to-be-planned region in the whole year; solving the time sequence production simulation model; the difference between the wind curtailment cost corresponding to the current power transmission channel capacity and the wind curtailment cost corresponding to the previous power transmission channel capacity is calculated to obtain a reduction value of the wind curtailment cost, and then the new power transmission channel cost is calculated through the current power transmission channel capacity and the previous power transmission channel capacity; and finally, determining the offshore wind power access capacity by comparing the relationship between the reduced value of the wind curtailment cost and the newly-added power transmission channel cost. Through the implementation of the method, the wind curtailment cost and the investment cost of capacity increase of the power transmission channel capacity can be balanced, the wind power access capacity is determined, and high economy is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wind power access capacity planning, and in particular to an offshore wind power access capacity planning method, device and storage medium taking into account the expansion of power transmission channels. Background Art

[0002] As a clean and renewable energy source, offshore wind power can not only provide a stable power supply, but also reduce dependence on traditional fossil energy and reduce environmental pollution. By rationally planning the access capacity of offshore wind power, the flexibility and reliability of the power grid can be improved, the balance of power supply and demand can be optimized, and dependence on fossil energy can be reduced. Guangdong Province has abundant offshore wind power resources, especially in the eastern and southern coastal areas, which are rich in wind resources and have the potential for large-scale development and utilization. In addition, pumped storage, as the energy storage and regulation means with the largest single unit capacity, the most mature technology, good economy and high safety, plays an important role in the new power system with high penetration rate of new energy.

[0003] The academic community has conducted relevant research on the planning of offshore wind power access capacity and achieved some results. The planning model of the current mainstream method does not consider the impact of increasing the capacity of the transmission channel on the trade-off between the cost of wind abandonment and the investment cost of increasing the capacity of the transmission channel. However, in reality, if the cost of wind abandonment is lower than the investment cost of increasing the capacity of the transmission channel, increasing the capacity of the transmission channel can bring the best economic benefits. As a result, the current planning results are difficult to achieve high economic efficiency in practical applications.

[0004] Therefore, how to determine the wind power access capacity and achieve higher economic efficiency by balancing the impact of the increase in transmission channel capacity on the wind curtailment cost and the investment cost of the increase in transmission channel capacity is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides an offshore wind power access capacity planning method, device and storage medium that take into account the expansion of transmission channels. The method can determine the wind power access capacity by balancing the impact of the increase in the capacity of the transmission channel on the wind abandonment cost and the investment cost of the increase in the capacity of the transmission channel, thereby achieving higher economy.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for planning offshore wind power access capacity taking into account the expansion of transmission channels, including:

[0007] Step 1: Obtain the unit parameters and the historical annual wind power, photovoltaic power and load of the area to be planned;

[0008] Step 2: Based on the above unit parameters, the above wind power, the above photovoltaic power and the above load, with the goal of minimizing the sum of the thermal power unit operation cost, the new energy power abandonment cost and the load shedding cost, a time series production simulation model and the constraints of the time series production simulation model are constructed;

[0009] Step 3: Solve the time series production simulation model under various constraints according to the current wind power access capacity and the current transmission channel capacity to obtain the current actual wind power generation power;

[0010] Step 4: Calculate the current wind power abandonment rate according to the current actual wind power generation power, and compare the current wind power abandonment rate with the preset wind power abandonment rate; if it is less than, update the current wind power access capacity according to the preset wind power access capacity update value, obtain the updated wind power access capacity, and jump to step 3; if it is greater than, calculate the current wind abandonment cost according to the actual wind power generation power corresponding to the minimum wind power abandonment rate;

[0011] Step 5: Calculate the reduction value of wind curtailment cost based on the difference between the current wind curtailment cost and the previous wind curtailment cost;

[0012] Step 6: Calculate the current new transmission channel cost based on the current transmission channel capacity and the previous transmission channel capacity;

[0013] Step 7: Compare the above-mentioned wind abandonment cost reduction value with the above-mentioned new transmission channel cost. If the above-mentioned wind abandonment cost reduction value is greater than the above-mentioned new transmission channel cost, update the current transmission channel capacity according to the preset channel capacity step, obtain the updated transmission channel capacity, and jump to step 3; otherwise, use the wind power access capacity corresponding to the minimum wind power abandonment rate corresponding to the previous transmission channel capacity as the offshore wind power access capacity of the planned area.

[0014] Furthermore, the above constraints are:

[0015] Minimum start and stop time constraints for thermal power units:

[0016]

[0017] Where Y n (t) is a binary variable representing the startup state of thermal power unit n at time t, Z n (t) is a binary variable representing the shutdown status of thermal power unit n at time t, T on Indicates the minimum start-up time of thermal power units, T off represents the minimum downtime of thermal power units, j′ represents the increase in time;

[0018] Output constraints of thermal power units:

[0019] P gmin (n)X n (t)≤P g (t,n)≤P gmax (n)X n (t)

[0020] Q gmin (n)X n (t)≤Q g (t,n)≤Q gmax (n)X n (t)

[0021] Where P gmin (n) represents the minimum technical output of thermal power unit n, X n (t) is a binary variable representing the operating status of thermal power unit n at time t, P g (t,n) represents the active power output of the nth thermal power unit at time t, P gmax (n) represents the maximum technical output of thermal power unit n, Q gmin (n) represents the minimum technical output of thermal power unit n, Q g (t,n) represents the active power output of the nth thermal power unit at time t, Q gmax (n) represents the maximum technical output of thermal power unit n;

[0022] Thermal power unit climbing constraints:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, It indicates the maximum ramp-up rate allowed for thermal power unit n. Indicates the maximum downslope rate allowed for thermal power unit n;

[0025] Logical constraints on the status of thermal power units:

[0026]

[0027] Pumping condition constraints of fixed-speed pumped storage units:

[0028] P constant_Pump (t) = num1 × P storage ×1.1,num1=0,1,2,...n1

[0029] Where P constant_Pump (t) represents the pumping power of the constant-speed pumped-storage constant-speed unit at time t, P storage Indicates the upper limit of the pumping and power generation capacity of each pumped storage unit. num1 indicates the n1th fixed-speed pumped storage unit, and n1 indicates the number of fixed-speed pumped storage units;

[0030] Pumping condition constraints of variable speed pumped storage units:

[0031] 0≤P' change_Pump (t)≤n2×P storage ×1.1

[0032] In the formula, P′ change_Pump (t) represents the pumping power of the variable speed pumped storage constant speed unit at time t, n2 represents the number of variable speed pumped storage constant speed units;

[0033] Total pumping power constraint:

[0034] P Pump (t) = P constant_Pump (t)+P' change_Pump (t)

[0035] Where P Pump (t) represents the total pumping power of the pumped-storage power station at time t;

[0036] Power generation condition constraints:

[0037] 0≤P Gen (t)≤n'×P storage

[0038] Where P Gen (t) represents the total power of pumped storage power generation at time t, n′ represents the total number of fixed-speed pumped storage units and variable-speed pumped storage units;

[0039] Pumped storage unit operating state constraints:

[0040] P Pump (t)×P Gen (t) = 0

[0041] Pumped storage power constraints:

[0042] E max =P storage ×n'×T Gen_max

[0043] 0≤E(t)≤E max

[0044] E(t+1)=E(t)+P Pump (t)×η Pump -P Gen (t)

[0045] E(0)=E(24)=E(48)=…=E(T)

[0046] Where, T Gen_max Indicates the maximum generating hours of pumped storage, E maxrepresents the maximum storable power of the energy storage power station, E(t) represents the power stored in the pumped storage power station at time t, E(0) represents the power stored in the pumped storage power station at the initial time, η Pump represents the pumping efficiency of the pumped storage power station, T represents the total time of the operation simulation of the pumped storage power station;

[0047] Climbing constraints of hydropower units:

[0048] ΔP h ≤P h,up

[0049] -ΔP h ≤P h,down

[0050] Where P h Indicates the output of the hydropower unit, P h,up Indicates the upward climbing rate, P h,down Indicates the downward climbing rate;

[0051] Power constraints of hydropower units:

[0052] P h (t') = 9.81 × η hydro ×Q h (t')×H h (t')

[0053] P h ≤P h,max ·X hydro

[0054] P h,min ·X hydro ≤P h

[0055] ΣX hydro ·ΣY hydro =0

[0056] Where η hydro Indicates the efficiency of the hydropower unit, P h (t) represents the output of the hydropower unit at time t, Q h (t) represents the power generation flow of the hydropower unit at time t, H h (t) represents the generating head at time t, X hydro Indicates the starting state of the hydropower unit, Y hydro Indicates the shutdown state of the hydropower unit, P h,max Indicates the maximum technical output of the hydropower unit, P h,min Indicates the minimum technical output of the hydropower unit;

[0057] Traffic constraints:

[0058] 0≤Qh ≤Q h,max

[0059] 0≤Q h,out (t')≤Q h,out,max

[0060] Q h,out =Q h +Q h,c

[0061] In the formula, Q h represents the power generation flow of the hydropower unit, Q h,max Indicates the maximum power generation flow of the hydropower unit, Q h,out (t) represents the outbound flow at time t, Q h,out,max Indicates the maximum outflow flow, Q h,c Indicates water flow restriction;

[0062] Storage capacity constraints:

[0063] C h (t+1)=C h (t)+Q h,in (t)-Q h,out (t)

[0064] C h,min (t)≤C h (t)≤C h,max (t)

[0065] In the formula, C h (t+1) represents the storage capacity at the next moment, C h (t) represents the storage capacity at time t, Q h,in (t) represents the inflow flow at time t, C h,min (t) represents the minimum storage capacity limit at time t, C h,max (t) represents the maximum storage capacity limit at time t;

[0066] Power balance constraints:

[0067]

[0068] N gen represents the number of conventional generators, P g (t,n″) represents the active output of the n″th conventional generator at time t, P wp (t) represents the wind power consumption of the power grid at time t, P load (t) represents the power load of the power grid at time t, P loss (t) represents the load shedding power of the power grid at time t;

[0069] Spinning reserve constraints:

[0070]

[0071] Where P gmax (n″) represents the upper limit of active output of the n″th conventional generator set, η re represents the hot standby coefficient, P1(t) represents the system load at time t;

[0072] Renewable energy output constraints:

[0073] 0≤P pv (t)≤P solar (t)

[0074] 0≤P wp (t)≤P wind (t)

[0075] Where P pv (t) represents the photovoltaic power consumption of the power grid at time t, P solar (t) represents the photovoltaic power of the grid at time t, P wind (t) represents the wind power of the power grid at time t;

[0076] Node power balance constraints:

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, G ij represents the conductance component of the admittance matrix between node i and node j, B ij represents the susceptance component of the admittance matrix between node i and node j, represents the voltage amplitude of node i at time t, represents the voltage amplitude of node j at time t, θ ij (t) represents the phase difference of the branch with nodes i and j as endpoints at time t, N bus represents the number of nodes, P wp (t,i) represents the output of the wind turbine at node i at time t, P load (t,i) represents the active power load of node i at time t, Q load (t,i) represents the reactive power load of node i at time t, Q g (t,i) represents the reactive power output of the conventional generator set at node i at time t, P g (t,i) represents the active power output of node i at time t, P loss (t,i) represents the load shedding power of node i at time t, G ii represents the conductance component of the admittance matrix of node i, B ii represents the susceptance component of the admittance matrix of node i;

[0079] Branch capacity constraints:

[0080] -P line (i,j)≤P ij (t)≤P line (i,j)

[0081] Where P ij (t) represents the active transmission power of the branch connecting i and j at time t, P line (i, j) represents the transmission channel capacity of the branch connecting nodes i and j;

[0082] Node voltage amplitude constraint:

[0083]

[0084] In the formula, represents the lower limit of the node voltage amplitude of node i, represents the upper limit of the node voltage amplitude at node i, U i (t) represents the voltage amplitude of node i at time t.

[0085] Furthermore, the objective function of the above sequential production simulation model is:

[0086] min(f ge,ful +f ge,on +f ge,off +f wp,fix +f pv,fix +f load,fix )

[0087] In the formula, f ge,ful represents the fuel cost of thermal power units, f ge,on represents the startup cost of thermal power units, f ge,off represents the shutdown cost of thermal power units, f wp,fix represents the cost of wind power abandonment, f pv,fix represents the cost of abandoning renewable energy, f load,fix Represents the load shedding cost.

[0088] Furthermore, the above calculation of the current wind power abandonment rate based on the current actual wind power generation power includes:

[0089] According to the following formula and the above current actual wind power generation power, the above current wind power abandonment rate is calculated:

[0090]

[0091] Where λ represents the wind power curtailment rate, P wp (t) represents the actual wind power generation at time t, P wind(t) represents the theoretical wind power generation at time t.

[0092] Furthermore, the above calculation of the current wind power abandonment cost based on the actual wind power generation power corresponding to the minimum wind power abandonment rate includes:

[0093] Get the electricity price per unit of electricity;

[0094] The current wind curtailment cost is calculated based on the following formula, the current actual wind power generation and the above electricity price:

[0095]

[0096] In the formula, F wp represents the wind curtailment cost, P wind (t) represents the theoretical wind power generation at time t, P wp (t) represents the actual wind power generation at time t, and φ represents the electricity price per unit of electricity.

[0097] Furthermore, the above calculation based on the current transmission channel capacity and the previous transmission channel capacity obtains the current new transmission channel cost, including:

[0098] Obtain the current unit length investment cost of the transmission channel capacity and the total length of the transmission channel;

[0099] The current cost of the newly added transmission channel is calculated based on the following formula, the current transmission channel capacity, the previous transmission channel capacity, the unit length investment cost and the total length of the transmission channel:

[0100] ΔF LINE =(P LINE2 -P LINE1 ) / P LINE1 ×μ×L;

[0101] Where, ΔF LINE represents the current cost of the new transmission channel, P LINE2 represents the current transmission channel capacity, P LINE1 represents the capacity of the previous transmission channel, μ represents the unit length investment cost of the current transmission channel capacity, and L represents the total length of the transmission channel.

[0102] Furthermore, the above-mentioned updating of the current transmission channel capacity according to the preset channel capacity step to obtain the updated transmission channel capacity includes:

[0103] The updated transmission channel capacity is calculated based on the following formula, the preset channel capacity step size and the current transmission channel capacity:

[0104] P LINE2′=P LINE2 ×(1+δ);

[0105] Where δ represents the channel capacity step size, P LINE2 ′ represents the updated transmission channel capacity.

[0106] Based on the above method embodiment, the present invention provides a corresponding device embodiment;

[0107] The present invention provides an offshore wind power access capacity planning device taking into account the expansion of power transmission channels, comprising:

[0108] Data acquisition module, model building module, model solving module, wind power abandonment rate calculation module, wind power abandonment cost reduction value calculation module, new transmission channel cost calculation module and access capacity determination module;

[0109] The data acquisition module is used in step 1 to obtain the unit parameters and the historical annual wind power, photovoltaic power and load of the area to be planned;

[0110] The model building module is used for step 2, according to the unit parameters, the wind power, the photovoltaic power and the load, with the goal of minimizing the sum of the thermal power unit operation cost, the new energy power abandonment cost and the load shedding cost, to build a time series production simulation model and the constraints of the time series production simulation model;

[0111] The above-mentioned model solving module is used for step 3, solving the time series production simulation model under various constraints according to the current wind power access capacity and the current transmission channel capacity to obtain the current actual wind power generation power;

[0112] The wind power curtailment rate calculation module is used for step 4, calculating the current wind power curtailment rate according to the current actual wind power generation power, and comparing the current wind power curtailment rate with the preset wind power curtailment rate; if it is less than, updating the current wind power access capacity according to the preset wind power access capacity update value, obtaining the updated wind power access capacity, and jumping to step 3; if it is greater than, calculating the current wind curtailment cost according to the actual wind power generation power corresponding to the minimum wind power curtailment rate;

[0113] The wind abandonment cost reduction value calculation module is used in step 5 to calculate the wind abandonment cost reduction value according to the difference between the current wind abandonment cost and the previous wind abandonment cost;

[0114] The above-mentioned newly added transmission channel cost calculation module is used in step six, calculating the current newly added transmission channel cost according to the current transmission channel capacity and the previous transmission channel capacity;

[0115] The access capacity determination module is used for step seven, comparing the wind abandonment cost reduction value with the new transmission channel cost. If the wind abandonment cost reduction value is greater than the new transmission channel cost, the current transmission channel capacity is updated according to the preset channel capacity step to obtain the updated transmission channel capacity, and jump to step three; otherwise, the wind power access capacity corresponding to the minimum wind power abandonment rate corresponding to the previous transmission channel capacity is used as the offshore wind power access capacity of the area to be planned.

[0116] Based on the above method embodiment, the present invention provides a storage medium embodiment;

[0117] The present invention provides a storage medium, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the method for planning offshore wind power access capacity considering the expansion of transmission channels described in any embodiment of the present invention is implemented.

[0118] The embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0119] The present invention provides a method, device and storage medium for planning offshore wind power access capacity considering the expansion of transmission channels. The above method comprises the following steps: step 1: obtaining unit parameters and the historical annual wind power, photovoltaic power and load of the area to be planned; step 2: based on the above unit parameters, the above wind power, the above photovoltaic power and the above load, with the goal of minimizing the sum of the operating cost of the thermal power unit, the cost of new energy power abandonment and the cost of load shedding, constructing a time series production simulation model and the constraints of the time series production simulation model; step 3: solving the time series production simulation model under various constraints according to the current wind power access capacity and the current transmission channel capacity to obtain the current actual wind power generation power; step 4: calculating the current wind power abandonment rate according to the current actual wind power generation power, and comparing the current wind power abandonment rate with the preset wind power abandonment rate; if it is less than, updating the current wind power access capacity according to the preset wind power access capacity update value. The wind power access capacity is updated to obtain the updated wind power access capacity, and jump to step three; if it is greater than, calculate the current wind power abandonment cost according to the actual wind power generation power corresponding to the minimum wind power abandonment rate; step five, calculate the wind abandonment cost reduction value according to the difference between the current wind abandonment cost and the previous wind abandonment cost; step six, calculate the current new transmission channel cost according to the current transmission channel capacity and the previous transmission channel capacity; step seven, step seven, compare the above-mentioned wind abandonment cost reduction value with the above-mentioned new transmission channel cost. If the above-mentioned wind abandonment cost reduction value is greater than the above-mentioned new transmission channel cost, update the current transmission channel capacity according to the preset channel capacity step size to obtain the updated transmission channel capacity, and jump to step three; otherwise, the wind power access capacity corresponding to the minimum wind power abandonment rate corresponding to the previous transmission channel capacity is used as the offshore wind power access capacity of the planned area. Therefore, in the process of determining the wind power access capacity, the present invention obtains the reduction value of the current wind abandonment cost by calculating the difference between the wind abandonment cost corresponding to the current transmission channel capacity and the wind abandonment cost corresponding to the previous transmission channel capacity, and then obtains the current new transmission channel cost by calculating the current transmission channel capacity and the previous transmission channel capacity. Finally, the wind power access capacity is obtained by comparing the relationship between the reduction value of the current wind abandonment cost and the current new transmission channel cost. This scheme takes into account the impact of the expansion of the transmission channel capacity on the wind abandonment cost and the investment cost of increasing the transmission channel capacity, so that the planning result has higher economic efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0120] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for planning offshore wind power access capacity taking into account the expansion of transmission channels provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0121] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an improved IEEE39 node scenario provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0122] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a change curve of wind power abandonment rate under the initial transmission channel capacity provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0123] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a change curve of wind power abandonment rate after increasing the capacity of the transmission channel provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0124] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an offshore wind power access capacity planning device taking into account the expansion of transmission channels provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0125] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0126] like Figure 1 As shown, an offshore wind power access capacity planning method considering the expansion of transmission channels provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0127] Step S101: Step 1, obtaining unit parameters and historical annual wind power, photovoltaic power and load of the area to be planned;

[0128] Specifically, the above-mentioned unit parameters include: single unit capacity, number of units, maximum generating hours, upper and lower power limits of pumping and power generation, pumping efficiency, unit technical output limit, ramp rate, hydropower unit efficiency, maximum and minimum values ​​of hydropower reservoir capacity, maximum water flow rate, start-up and shutdown costs of thermal power units, fuel costs of thermal power units, penalty coefficient for renewable energy power abandonment, and load shedding penalty coefficient.

[0129] Specifically, the above historical full-year wind power, photovoltaic power and load are: historical full-year wind power, photovoltaic power and load for 8760 hours.

[0130] Preferably, after obtaining the unit parameters, the above-mentioned wind power, photovoltaic power and load, the unit capacity of the pumped storage unit, the DC transmission channel capacity, the unit capacity of the hydropower unit, the wind power, photovoltaic power and load in the unit parameters are normalized to eliminate the influence of different dimensions of each parameter.

[0131] Specifically, the above parameters are normalized by the following formula:

[0132]

[0133] Where Pk Indicates the normalized value of each parameter, P k′ Indicates the value of each parameter before normalization, P B Indicates the reference value, P wind Represents the normalized wind power, P solar Represents the normalized photovoltaic power, P load It represents the normalized load, P storage represents the normalized capacity of a single pumped storage unit, P hydro It represents the normalized capacity of a single hydropower unit, P line represents the normalized DC transmission channel capacity, P wind′ represents the wind power before normalization, P solar′ Represents the photovoltaic power before normalization, P load′ It represents the load before normalization, P storage′ represents the capacity of a single pumped storage unit before normalization, P hydro′ It represents the unit capacity of the hydropower unit before normalization, P line′ Represents the capacity of the DC transmission channel before normalization.

[0134] In this step, the unit parameters and the historical wind power, photovoltaic power and load of the planned area for 8760 hours a year were obtained.

[0135] Step S102: Step 2, according to the above unit parameters, the above wind power, the above photovoltaic power and the above load, with the goal of minimizing the sum of the thermal power unit operation cost, the new energy power abandonment cost and the load shedding cost, construct a time series production simulation model and the constraints of the time series production simulation model;

[0136] Specifically, the generator set must run continuously for a certain minimum time after starting, and must be restarted after a certain minimum time after stopping. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the above constraints are:

[0137] Minimum start and stop time constraints for thermal power units:

[0138]

[0139] Where Y n (t) is a binary variable representing the startup state of thermal power unit n at time t, Z n (t) is a binary variable representing the shutdown status of thermal power unit n at time t, T on Indicates the minimum start-up time of thermal power units, T off represents the minimum downtime of thermal power units, j′ represents the increase in time;

[0140] Specifically, Y nWhen (t) is 1, it means that the thermal power unit n receives the start command at time t, and when it is 0, it means that the thermal power unit n does not receive the start command at time t; Z n When (t) is 1, it means that the thermal power unit n receives the shutdown command at time t; when it is 0, it means that the thermal power unit n does not receive the shutdown command at time t. on and T off The unit is hour h.

[0141] Preferably, this constraint models the physical and operational limitations of the generator, ensuring efficient utilization of the generator and economical operation of the system.

[0142] Specifically, considering the physical and technical limitations of the generator set, it is necessary to set the minimum and maximum output range constraints for each generator, so the output constraints of the thermal power unit are established:

[0143] P gmin (n)X n (t)≤P g (t,n)≤P gmax (n)X n (t)

[0144] Q gmin (n)X n (t)≤Q g (t,n)≤Q gmax (n)X n (t)

[0145] Where P gmin (n) represents the minimum technical output of thermal power unit n, X n (t) is a binary variable representing the operating status of thermal power unit n at time t, P g (t,n) represents the active power output of the nth thermal power unit at time t, P gmax (n) represents the maximum technical output of thermal power unit n, Q gmin (n) represents the minimum technical output of thermal power unit n, Q g (t,n) represents the active power output of the nth thermal power unit at time t, Q gmax (n) represents the maximum technical output of thermal power unit n;

[0146] Specifically, X n When (t) is 1, it means that thermal power unit n is in operation at time t; when (t) is 0, it means that thermal power unit n is in shutdown at time t.

[0147] Preferably, the output constraint of the thermal power unit can ensure that the stable operation of the generator does not exceed its safety limit.

[0148] Thermal power unit climbing constraints:

[0149]

[0150] In the formula, It indicates the maximum ramp-up rate allowed for thermal power unit n. Indicates the maximum downslope rate allowed for thermal power unit n;

[0151] Specifically, as well as The unit is MW / h.

[0152] Preferably, the ramp constraint of the thermal power unit can ensure that the output adjustment speed of the generator unit does not exceed its allowed maximum value, protecting the unit from potential damage caused by rapid changes.

[0153] Logical constraints on the status of thermal power units:

[0154]

[0155] Specifically, the upper and lower limit constraints of pumping power and generating power, as well as energy constraints of pumped storage are considered to model the pumped storage with both fixed speed and variable speed units.

[0156] Suppose there are n1 fixed-speed pumped storage units and n2 variable-speed pumped storage units, n1+n2=n. The various parameters of each fixed-speed unit are exactly the same, and the parameters of each variable-speed unit are also exactly the same. To simplify the model, the n1 fixed-speed unit is regarded as a whole, and the n2 variable-speed units are regarded as a whole. Therefore, the pumping condition constraints of the fixed-speed pumped storage unit are obtained:

[0157] P constant_Pump (t) = num1 × P storage ×1.1,num1=0,1,2,...n1

[0158] Where P constant_Pump (t) represents the pumping power of the constant-speed pumped-storage constant-speed unit at time t, P storage Indicates the upper limit of the pumping and power generation capacity of each pumped storage unit. num1 indicates the n1th fixed-speed pumped storage unit, and n1 indicates the number of fixed-speed pumped storage units;

[0159] Specifically, the variable-speed pumped storage unit can achieve continuous adjustment from 0 to the maximum value under pumping conditions, and the maximum value is 1.1 times the capacity of the pumped storage unit. Therefore, the pumping condition constraint of the variable-speed pumped storage unit is obtained:

[0160] 0≤P' change_Pump (t)≤n2×P storage ×1.1

[0161] In the formula, P′ change_Pump(t) represents the pumping power of the variable speed pumped storage constant speed unit at time t, n2 represents the number of variable speed pumped storage constant speed units;

[0162] Total pumping power constraint:

[0163] P Pump (t) = P constant_Pump (t)+P' change_Pump (t)

[0164] Where P Pump (t) represents the total pumping power of the pumped-storage power station at time t;

[0165] Specifically, both fixed-speed and variable-speed pumped storage units can be continuously adjusted under power generation conditions. Therefore, fixed-speed units and variable-speed units can be used without distinction under power generation conditions. The power generation condition constraints are obtained as follows:

[0166] 0≤P Gen (t)≤n'×P storage

[0167] Where P Gen (t) represents the total power of pumped storage power generation at time t, n′ represents the total number of fixed-speed pumped storage units and variable-speed pumped storage units;

[0168] Specifically, in order to ensure the operational stability of the pumped-storage power station, the two operating conditions of pumping and generating electricity cannot occur at the same time. This means that not only can the same pumped-storage unit not be in the pumping and generating states at the same time, but also, as long as there are units in the pumped-storage power station in the pumping state, all units cannot be in the generating state. Similarly, as long as there are units in the generating state, all units cannot be in the pumping state. Therefore, the operating state constraints of the pumped-storage unit are obtained:

[0169] P Pump (t)×P Gen (t) = 0

[0170] Specifically, during the operation of a pumped storage power station, it is necessary to ensure that the storage capacity of the reservoir at all times does not exceed the maximum storage capacity. This model uses electricity instead of storage capacity. In addition, pumped storage power stations are lossy during actual operation. To ensure the smooth operation of pumped storage power stations, it is assumed that the pumped storage power station is regulated daily, and the total operation simulation time T is an integer multiple of 24. Then the electricity at the end of each day must be equal to the electricity at the initial time. Therefore, the pumped storage electricity constraint is obtained:

[0171] E max =P storage ×n'×T Gen_max

[0172] 0≤E(t)≤E max

[0173] E(t+1)=E(t)+P Pump (t)×η Pump -P Gen (t)

[0174] E(0)=E(24)=E(48)=…=E(T)

[0175] Where, T Gen_max Indicates the maximum generating hours of pumped storage, E max represents the maximum storable power of the energy storage power station, E(t) represents the power stored in the pumped storage power station at time t, E(0) represents the power stored in the pumped storage power station at the initial time, η Pump represents the pumping efficiency of the pumped storage power station, T represents the total operation simulation time of the pumped storage power station, which is 8760 hours;

[0176] Climbing constraints of hydropower units:

[0177] ΔP h ≤P h,up

[0178] -ΔP h ≤P h,down

[0179] Where P h Indicates the output of the hydropower unit, P h,up Indicates the upward climbing rate, P h,down Indicates the downward climbing rate;

[0180] Preferably, the ramp constraint of the hydropower unit can limit the power change rate of the hydropower unit to avoid rapid changes affecting the stability of the power grid.

[0181] Power constraints of hydropower units:

[0182] P h (t) = 9.81 × η hydro ×Q h (t)×H h (t)

[0183] P h ≤P h,max ·X hydro

[0184] P h,min ·X hydro ≤P h

[0185] ΣX hydro ·ΣY hydro =0

[0186] Where ηhydro Indicates the efficiency of the hydropower unit, P h (t) represents the output of the hydropower unit at time t, Q h (t) represents the power generation flow of the hydropower unit at time t, H h (t) represents the generating head at time t, X hydro Indicates the starting state of the hydropower unit, Y hydro Indicates the shutdown state of the hydropower unit, P hydro Indicates the maximum technical output of the hydropower unit, P h,min Indicates the minimum technical output of the hydropower unit;

[0187] Specifically, the power constraint of the hydropower unit can make the power output of the hydropower unit within its technical range and be controlled by its operating state variables.

[0188] Traffic constraints:

[0189] 0≤Q h ≤Q h,max

[0190] 0≤Q h,out (t')≤Q h,out,max

[0191] Q h,out =Q h +Q h,c

[0192] In the formula, Q h represents the power generation flow of the hydropower unit, Q h,max Indicates the maximum power generation flow of the hydropower unit, Q h,out (t) represents the outbound flow at time t, Q h,out,max Indicates the maximum outflow flow, Q h,c Indicates water flow restriction;

[0193] Preferably, the flow constraint can limit the power generation flow and outflow flow of the hydropower unit to within its physical limit.

[0194] Storage capacity constraints:

[0195] C h (t+1)=C h (t)+Q h,in (t)-Q h,out (t)

[0196] C h,min (t)≤C h (t)≤C h,max (t)

[0197] In the formula, C h (t+1) represents the storage capacity at the next moment, C h(t) represents the storage capacity at time t, Q h,in (t) represents the inflow flow at time t, C h,min (t) represents the minimum storage capacity limit at time t, C h,max (t) represents the maximum storage capacity limit at time t;

[0198] Specifically, the storage capacity constraint can ensure that the storage capacity change of the reservoir is within its minimum and maximum range.

[0199] Power balance constraints:

[0200]

[0201] N gen represents the number of conventional generators, P g (t,n″) represents the active output of the n″th conventional generator at time t, P wp (t) represents the wind power consumption of the power grid at time t, P load (t) represents the power load of the power grid at time t, P loss (t) represents the load shedding power of the power grid at time t;

[0202] Specifically, P g (t,n″) and P load The unit of (t) is MW.

[0203] The basic principle of the power system is to maintain a balance between supply and demand at any time. The power balance constraint of this model ensures that the total power generation (including the output of conventional generators and wind turbines) in each time step is equal to the sum of the total load demand, ensuring the stable operation of the power system while taking into account the transmission losses in the system operation.

[0204] Spinning reserve constraints:

[0205]

[0206] Where P gmax (n″) represents the upper limit of active output of the n″th conventional generator set, η re represents the hot standby coefficient, P1(t) represents the system load at time t;

[0207] Specifically, P gmax The unit of (n″) is MW.

[0208] Preferably, the power system must have sufficient spinning reserve to cope with unexpected events or forecast errors. Spinning reserve constraints can ensure that the system has sufficient immediately available generation capacity to respond to sudden generation or load changes while meeting real-time loads, thereby enhancing system resilience.

[0209] Specifically, since the output of new energy units does not exceed the theoretical maximum value allowed by environmental conditions, a renewable energy output constraint is established:

[0210] 0≤P pv (t)≤P solar (t)

[0211] 0≤P wp (t)≤P wind (t)

[0212] Where P pv (t) represents the photovoltaic power consumption of the power grid at time t, P solar (t) represents the photovoltaic power of the grid at time t, P wind (t) represents the wind power of the power grid at time t;

[0213] Specifically, since the stable operation of the power system depends on the power balance of each node, in order to ensure the stability and security of the power grid, it is necessary to ensure that the power generation, load and transmission loss are balanced between each node, so the node power balance constraint is established:

[0214]

[0215] In the formula, G ij represents the conductance component of the admittance matrix between node i and node j, B ij represents the susceptance component of the admittance matrix between node i and node j, represents the voltage amplitude of node i at time t, represents the voltage amplitude of node j at time t, θ ij (t) represents the phase difference of the branch with nodes i and j as endpoints at time t, N bus represents the number of nodes, P wp (t,i) represents the output of the wind turbine at node i at time t, P load (t,i) represents the active power load of node i at time t, Q load (t,i) represents the reactive power load of node i at time t, Q g (t,i) represents the reactive power output of the conventional generator set at node i at time t, P g (t,i) represents the active power output of node i at time t, P loss (t,i) represents the load shedding power of node i at time t, G ii represents the conductance component of the admittance matrix of node i, B ii represents the susceptance component of the admittance matrix of node i;

[0216] Specifically, P wp (t,i),P load(t,i),Q load (t,i) and Q g The unit of (t,i) is MW.

[0217]

[0218] Branch capacity constraints:

[0219] -P line (i,j)≤P ij (t)≤P line (i,j)

[0220] Where P ij (t) represents the active transmission power of the branch connecting nodes i and j at time t, P line (i, j) represents the transmission channel capacity of the branch connecting nodes i and j;

[0221] Preferably, branch capacity constraints can avoid overloading of the transmission line.

[0222] Node voltage amplitude constraint:

[0223]

[0224] In the formula, represents the lower limit of the node voltage amplitude of node i, represents the upper limit of the node voltage amplitude at node i, U i (t) represents the voltage amplitude of node i at time t.

[0225] In this preferred embodiment, the constraints of the sequential production simulation model are constructed.

[0226] In another preferred embodiment, the objective function of the above-mentioned sequential production simulation model is:

[0227] min(f ge,ful +f ge,on +f ge,off +f wp,fix +f pv,fix +f load,fix )

[0228] In the formula, f ge,ful represents the fuel cost of thermal power units, f ge,on represents the startup cost of thermal power units, f ge,off represents the shutdown cost of thermal power units, f wp,fix represents the cost of wind power abandonment, f pv,fix represents the cost of abandoning renewable energy, f load,fix Represents the load shedding cost.

[0229] Specifically, the fuel cost of the above thermal power unit can be calculated by the following formula:

[0230]

[0231] In the formula, Represents the fuel cost coefficient of thermal power units.

[0232] Specifically, when calculating the start-up and shutdown costs of thermal power units, the startup and shutdown capacities of the thermal power unit clusters need to be considered. Therefore, the startup capacity and shutdown capacity of the thermal power units are first calculated according to the following formula:

[0233]

[0234] In the formula, S G,on (t) represents the operating capacity of the thermal power unit at time t, X gk (n) represents the installed capacity of thermal power unit n, S G,off (t) represents the shutdown capacity of the thermal power unit at time t.

[0235] The start-up and shutdown costs of thermal power units are calculated according to the following formula:

[0236]

[0237] In the formula, represents the startup cost coefficient of thermal power units, Represents the shutdown cost coefficient of thermal power units.

[0238] Specifically, the cost of wind power abandonment is calculated by the following formula:

[0239]

[0240] In the formula, θ w Represents the wind curtailment cost per unit capacity.

[0241] Specifically, the cost of abandoning new energy is calculated by the following formula:

[0242]

[0243] In the formula, θ p P represents the unit capacity abandonment cost, pv (t) represents the photovoltaic power consumption of the power grid at time t, P solar (t) represents the photovoltaic power at time t.

[0244] Specifically, in the field of power systems, "load shedding" refers to the interruption of part of the load to maintain the power balance of the power system when the power supply exceeds the demand. This is a control measure for the power supply system to prevent system overload and instability in an emergency. The load shedding cost is calculated by the following formula:

[0245]

[0246] In the formula, θ load represents the unit power load shedding cost, P loss (t) represents the load shedding power of the power grid at time t, in MW.

[0247] Specifically, the operating costs of thermal power units include the fuel costs of thermal power units, the startup costs of thermal power units, and the shutdown costs of thermal power units. The costs of abandoned new energy power include the costs of abandoned wind power and abandoned solar power.

[0248] In this preferred embodiment, the objective function of the time-series production simulation model is constructed by calculating the minimum value of the sum of the operating cost of the thermal power unit, the cost of renewable energy power abandonment, and the cost of load shedding.

[0249] Step S103: Step 3, solving the time series production simulation model under various constraints according to the current wind power access capacity and the current transmission channel capacity to obtain the current actual wind power generation power;

[0250] Preferably, the above-mentioned sequential production simulation model can be solved by calling the Gurobi solver and adopting the branch and bound method.

[0251] In this step, the current actual wind power generation power is obtained by solving the time-series production simulation model.

[0252] Step S104: Step 4, calculate the current wind power abandonment rate according to the current actual wind power generation power, and compare the current wind power abandonment rate with the preset wind power abandonment rate; if it is less than, update the current wind power access capacity according to the preset wind power access capacity update value, obtain the updated wind power access capacity, and jump to step 3; if it is greater than, calculate the current wind abandonment cost according to the actual wind power generation power corresponding to the minimum wind power abandonment rate;

[0253] Preferably, the above preset wind power access capacity update value is 100MW.

[0254] Preferably, according to the Clean Energy Absorption Action Plan (2018-2020) issued by the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration, the power system must be optimized to ensure that the power absorption rate reaches about 95%, so the preset wind power abandonment rate is 5%.

[0255] Indicatively, updating the current wind power access capacity according to the preset wind power access capacity update value is to increase 100MW on the basis of the current wind power access capacity, and the updated wind power access capacity is the wind power access capacity after the increase of 100MW. For example, if the current wind power access capacity is 500MW, then after updating it according to the preset wind power access capacity update value, the updated wind power access capacity is 600MW.

[0256] Specifically, the above-mentioned “minimum wind power curtailment rate” is the minimum wind power curtailment rate among all wind power curtailment rates corresponding to the current transmission channel capacity.

[0257] Illustratively, for example, if under the current transmission channel capacity, 100MW, 200MW, 300MW and 400MW of wind power access capacities are connected in sequence, and the corresponding wind power curtailment rates are 2.5%, 2.2%, 3.1% and 6% respectively, then when 400MW of wind power access capacity is connected, the obtained wind power curtailment rate is greater than the preset wind power curtailment rate, and the access to the wind power access capacity is immediately stopped. After comparing the four wind power curtailment rates corresponding to the current transmission channel capacity, the above-mentioned "minimum wind power curtailment rate" is 2.2%.

[0258] In a preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned calculation of the current wind power abandonment rate based on the current actual wind power generation power includes:

[0259] According to the following formula and the above current actual wind power generation power, the above current wind power abandonment rate is calculated:

[0260]

[0261] Where λ represents the wind power curtailment rate, P wp (t) represents the actual wind power generation at time t, P wind (t) represents the theoretical wind power generation at time t.

[0262] In this preferred embodiment, the current wind power abandonment rate is calculated based on the current actual wind power generation power.

[0263] In another preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned calculation of the current wind power abandonment cost according to the actual wind power generation power corresponding to the minimum wind power abandonment rate includes:

[0264] Get the electricity price per unit of electricity;

[0265] The current wind curtailment cost is calculated based on the following formula, the current actual wind power generation and the above electricity price:

[0266]

[0267] In the formula, F wp represents the wind curtailment cost, P wind (t) represents the theoretical wind power generation at time t, P wp (t) represents the actual wind power generation at time t, Indicates the price of electricity per unit of electricity.

[0268] In this preferred embodiment, the wind curtailment cost is calculated by using the electricity price per unit of electricity and the actual wind power generation power.

[0269] Step S105: Step 5, calculating the wind abandonment cost reduction value according to the difference between the current wind abandonment cost and the previous wind abandonment cost;

[0270] Specifically, the reduction in wind curtailment cost is calculated using the following formula:

[0271] ΔF wp =F wp1 -F wp2

[0272] Where, ΔF wp Indicates the reduction in wind curtailment cost, ΔF wp1 represents the last wind curtailment cost, ΔF wp2 Represents the current wind curtailment cost.

[0273] In this step, the current wind curtailment cost reduction value is obtained by calculating the difference between the current wind curtailment cost and the previous wind curtailment cost.

[0274] Step S106: Step 6, according to the current transmission channel capacity and the previous transmission channel capacity, calculate the current new transmission channel cost;

[0275] In a preferred embodiment, the above step 6, calculating the current new transmission channel cost according to the current transmission channel capacity and the previous transmission channel capacity, includes:

[0276] Obtain the current unit length investment cost of the transmission channel capacity and the total length of the transmission channel;

[0277] The current cost of the newly added transmission channel is calculated based on the following formula, the current transmission channel capacity, the previous transmission channel capacity, the unit length investment cost and the total length of the transmission channel:

[0278] ΔF LINE =(P LINE2 -P LINE1 ) / P LINE1 ×μ×L;

[0279] Where, ΔF LINErepresents the current cost of the new transmission channel, P LINE2 represents the current transmission channel capacity, P LINE1 represents the capacity of the previous transmission channel, μ represents the unit length investment cost of the current transmission channel capacity, and L represents the total length of the transmission channel.

[0280] In this preferred embodiment, the current cost of the newly added power transmission channel is calculated by using the current power transmission channel capacity and the previous power transmission channel capacity.

[0281] Step S107: Step seven, compare the above-mentioned wind abandonment cost reduction value with the above-mentioned new transmission channel cost. If the above-mentioned wind abandonment cost reduction value is greater than the above-mentioned new transmission channel cost, update the current transmission channel capacity according to the preset channel capacity step, obtain the updated transmission channel capacity, and jump to step three; otherwise, use the wind power access capacity corresponding to the minimum wind power abandonment rate corresponding to the previous transmission channel capacity as the offshore wind power access capacity of the area to be planned.

[0282] In a preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned updating of the current power transmission channel capacity according to the preset channel capacity step size to obtain the updated power transmission channel capacity includes:

[0283] The updated transmission channel capacity is calculated based on the following formula, the preset channel capacity step size and the current transmission channel capacity:

[0284] P LINE2 ′=P LINE2 ×(1+δ);

[0285] Where δ represents the channel capacity step size, P LINE2 ′ represents the updated transmission channel capacity.

[0286] In this preferred embodiment, the current power transmission channel capacity is updated by a preset channel capacity step size to obtain an updated power transmission channel capacity.

[0287] Specifically, the above steps are a method for planning the offshore wind power access capacity at non-initial moments.

[0288] In another preferred embodiment, the method for planning offshore wind power access capacity at the initial time comprises:

[0289] Step 1: Obtain the unit parameters and the historical annual wind power, photovoltaic power and load of the area to be planned;

[0290] Step 2: Based on the above unit parameters, the above wind power, the above photovoltaic power and the above load, with the goal of minimizing the sum of the thermal power unit operation cost, the new energy power abandonment cost and the load shedding cost, a time series production simulation model and the constraints of the time series production simulation model are constructed;

[0291] Step 3: according to the initial first transmission channel capacity and the current wind power access capacity, the time series production simulation model is solved under various constraints to obtain the current first actual wind power generation power;

[0292] Step 4: Calculate the current first wind power abandonment rate according to the current first actual wind power generation power, and compare the current first wind power abandonment rate with the preset wind power abandonment rate; if it is less than, update the current wind power access capacity according to the preset wind power access capacity update value, obtain the updated wind power access capacity, and jump to step 3; if it is greater than, calculate the current first wind abandonment cost according to the first actual wind power generation power corresponding to the minimum first wind power abandonment rate;

[0293] Step 5: According to the above-mentioned initial second transmission channel capacity and the current wind power access capacity, the time series production simulation model is solved under various constraints to obtain the current second actual wind power generation power;

[0294] Step 6: Calculate the current second wind power abandonment rate according to the current second actual wind power generation power, and compare the current second wind power abandonment rate with the preset wind power abandonment rate; if it is less than, update the current wind power access capacity according to the preset wind power access capacity update value, obtain the updated wind power access capacity, and jump to step 5; if it is greater than, calculate the current second wind abandonment cost according to the second actual wind power generation power corresponding to the minimum second wind power abandonment rate;

[0295] Step 7: Calculate the wind abandonment cost reduction value according to the difference between the first wind abandonment cost and the second wind abandonment cost;

[0296] Step 8: Calculate the cost of the newly added power transmission channel based on the initial first power transmission channel capacity and the initial second power transmission channel capacity;

[0297] Step 9: Compare the above-mentioned wind abandonment cost reduction value with the new transmission channel cost. If the above-mentioned wind abandonment cost reduction value is greater than the above-mentioned new transmission channel cost, use the above-mentioned initial second transmission channel capacity as the next first transmission channel capacity value, and update the above-mentioned initial second transmission channel capacity according to the preset channel capacity step to obtain the updated second transmission channel capacity; otherwise, use the wind power access capacity corresponding to the minimum wind power abandonment rate corresponding to the above-mentioned initial first transmission channel capacity as the offshore wind power access capacity of the planned area.

[0298] In this preferred embodiment, by calculating the initial first transmission channel capacity and the initial second transmission channel capacity, a method for calculating the wind power access capacity at the initial moment is obtained.

[0299] In another preferred embodiment, schematically, Figure 2 As shown, taking the improved IEEE39 node system as an example, a scenario of power supply from the power concentration area to the high-load area is constructed. The ratio of the northern node load to the southern node load is 1.3:0.7. The system has a total of 10 generators and 46 lines, of which there are 6 lines at key sections, and the maximum transmission channel capacity is 900MW. Nodes 2 and 4 are connected to photovoltaic power stations with a single unit capacity of 50MW. Nodes 3, 9 and 6 are equipped with variable-speed pumped-storage power stations, hybrid pumped-storage power stations and fixed-speed pumped-storage power stations. Each pumped-storage power station is equipped with 4 pumped-storage units with a single unit capacity of 5MW. Node 5 is connected to a hydropower unit with a single unit capacity of 50MW, and node 1 is connected to a wind turbine unit with a single unit capacity of 50MW. Nodes 8 and 7 are connected to wind turbines to be planned. The specific parameters in the system are shown in the following table:

[0300]

[0301]

[0302]

[0303] Under the initial capacity of the key section (initial transmission channel capacity), the wind power access capacity is continuously increased to perform time-series production simulation, the actual wind power generation is calculated, and the final result of wind power abandonment rate is calculated based on the actual wind power generation as shown in the following table:

[0304] Initial capacity improvement IEEE39 node system production simulation results table

[0305]

[0306]

[0307] Indicative, such as Figure 3 As shown in the table above, a curve of wind abandonment rate changing with wind power access capacity is drawn.

[0308] The research results show that when the wind power access capacity gradually increases, the wind power curtailment rate shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. With the increase of wind power access capacity, the actual wind power generation gradually increases, and the wind power consumption also increases accordingly. However, when the wind power access capacity increases to a certain extent, the system's wind power consumption capacity reaches a saturation point, and the wind power curtailment rate increases with the further increase of wind power access capacity.

[0309] The analysis results show that when the wind power access capacity reaches 2000MW, the system's ability to absorb wind power has reached saturation, and the wind power abandonment rate is the lowest at 2.87%. Therefore, this wind power access capacity is the optimal access capacity.

[0310] Similarly, the capacity of the key section lines is increased by 400MW, and the wind power access capacity is continuously increased to perform time-series production simulation. The actual wind power generation and the final wind power abandonment rate are calculated as shown in the following table:

[0311] Table of production simulation results of improved IEEE39 node system after capacity increase

[0312]

[0313]

[0314] Indicative, such as Figure 4 As shown in the table above, a curve of wind abandonment rate changing with wind power access capacity is drawn.

[0315] The research results show that when the wind power access capacity gradually increases, the wind power curtailment rate shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. With the increase of wind power access capacity, the actual wind power generation gradually increases, and the wind power consumption also increases accordingly. However, when the wind power access capacity increases to a certain extent, the system's wind power consumption capacity reaches a saturation point, and the wind power curtailment rate increases with the further increase of wind power access capacity.

[0316] The analysis results show that when the wind power access capacity reaches 2000MW, the system's ability to absorb wind power has reached saturation, and the wind power abandonment rate is the lowest at 2.86%. Therefore, this wind power access capacity is the optimal access capacity.

[0317] According to the calculation results of the production simulation software, when the initial capacity of the key section line is 4200MW, the wind farm capacity is 2000MW, the theoretical wind power generation is 552,305.17 million kWh, and the actual wind power generation is 536,447.596739368 million kWh; when the channel capacity is increased to 6600MW, the wind farm capacity is 2000MW, the theoretical power generation is 552,305.171 million kWh, and the actual power generation is 536,464.148 million kWh.

[0318] Knowing that the electricity price is 0.453 yuan / kWh, the penalty cost for wind abandonment is calculated as:

[0319] F wp1 =(552305.171-536447.597)×0.453=7183.48 (10,000 yuan)

[0320] Fwp2 =(552305.171-536464.148)×0.453=7175.983 (10,000 yuan)

[0321] The change of wind curtailment cost is:

[0322] ΔF wp =7183.48-7175.983=7.497 (10,000 yuan)

[0323] It is known that the investment cost per unit length of the transmission line is 94.95652 million yuan / km, and the total length of the transmission line is 60km. The newly added investment capacity is calculated as:

[0324] ΔF LINE =(6600-4200) / 4200×949.5652×60=32557 (10,000 yuan)

[0325] The results show that the cost of wind curtailment was reduced by 749,700 yuan, while the cost of adding new transmission channel capacity was 325.57 million yuan. It can be concluded that the line capacity increase increased the total cost, so there is no need to continue to increase the transmission channel capacity.

[0326] Based on the above method embodiment, the present invention provides a corresponding device embodiment.

[0327] like Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an offshore wind power access capacity planning device considering the expansion of transmission channels, including: a data acquisition module, a model building module, a model solving module, a wind power abandonment rate calculation module, a wind abandonment cost reduction value calculation module, a new transmission channel cost calculation module and an access capacity determination module;

[0328] The data acquisition module is used in step 1 to obtain the unit parameters and the historical annual wind power, photovoltaic power and load of the area to be planned;

[0329] The model building module is used for step 2, according to the unit parameters, the wind power, the photovoltaic power and the load, with the goal of minimizing the sum of the thermal power unit operation cost, the new energy power abandonment cost and the load shedding cost, to build a time series production simulation model and the constraints of the time series production simulation model;

[0330] The above-mentioned model solving module is used for step 3, solving the time series production simulation model under various constraints according to the current wind power access capacity and the current transmission channel capacity to obtain the current actual wind power generation power;

[0331] The wind power curtailment rate calculation module is used for step 4, calculating the current wind power curtailment rate according to the current actual wind power generation power, and comparing the current wind power curtailment rate with the preset wind power curtailment rate; if it is less than, updating the current wind power access capacity according to the preset wind power access capacity update value, obtaining the updated wind power access capacity, and jumping to step 3; if it is greater than, calculating the current wind curtailment cost according to the current actual wind power generation power;

[0332] The wind abandonment cost reduction value calculation module is used in step 5 to calculate the wind abandonment cost reduction value according to the difference between the current wind abandonment cost and the previous wind abandonment cost;

[0333] The above-mentioned newly added transmission channel cost calculation module is used in step six, calculating the current newly added transmission channel cost according to the current transmission channel capacity and the previous transmission channel capacity;

[0334] The access capacity determination module is used for step seven, comparing the reduction value of the wind abandonment cost with the cost of the newly added transmission channel. If the reduction value of the wind abandonment cost is greater than the cost of the newly added transmission channel, the current transmission channel capacity is updated according to the preset channel capacity step to obtain the updated transmission channel capacity, and jump to step three; otherwise, the wind power access capacity corresponding to the previous transmission channel capacity is used as the offshore wind power access capacity of the area to be planned.

[0335] It should be noted that the device embodiments described above are merely schematic, wherein the modules described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. In addition, in the accompanying drawings of the device embodiments provided by the present invention, the connection relationship between the modules indicates that there is a communication connection between them, which can be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without creative work. The above schematic diagram is only an example of an offshore wind power access capacity planning device considering the expansion of the transmission channel, and does not constitute a limitation on the offshore wind power access capacity planning device considering the expansion of the transmission channel, and may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or a combination of certain components, or different components.

[0336] Based on the above method item embodiments, the present invention provides a corresponding storage medium item embodiment.

[0337] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium, wherein the storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is running, the terminal device where the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the offshore wind power access capacity planning method considering the expansion of the transmission channel as described in any embodiment of the present invention.

[0338] In this embodiment, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code may be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc.

[0339] Compared with the prior art, by implementing the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, the wind power access capacity can be determined by balancing the impact of the increase in the capacity of the transmission channel on the wind abandonment cost and the investment cost of the increase in the capacity of the transmission channel, thereby achieving higher economy.

[0340] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for planning offshore wind power access capacity considering the expansion of transmission channels, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Obtain the unit parameters and the historical annual wind power, photovoltaic power and load of the area to be planned; Step 2: According to the unit parameters, the wind power, the photovoltaic power and the load, with the goal of minimizing the sum of the thermal power unit operation cost, the new energy power abandonment cost and the load shedding cost, a time series production simulation model and the constraints of the time series production simulation model are constructed; Step 3: Solve the time series production simulation model under various constraints according to the current wind power access capacity and the current transmission channel capacity to obtain the current actual wind power generation power; Step 4: Calculate the current wind power abandonment rate according to the current actual wind power generation power, and compare the current wind power abandonment rate with the preset wind power abandonment rate; If it is less than, the current wind power access capacity is updated according to the preset wind power access capacity update value to obtain the updated wind power access capacity, and jump to step three; if it is greater, the current wind power abandonment cost is calculated according to the actual wind power generation power corresponding to the minimum wind power abandonment rate; Step 5: Calculate the reduction value of wind curtailment cost based on the difference between the current wind curtailment cost and the previous wind curtailment cost; Step 6: Calculate the current new transmission channel cost based on the current transmission channel capacity and the previous transmission channel capacity; Step 7: Compare the wind abandonment cost reduction value with the new transmission channel cost. If the wind abandonment cost reduction value is greater than the new transmission channel cost, update the current transmission channel capacity according to the preset channel capacity step to obtain the updated transmission channel capacity, and jump to step 3; otherwise, use the wind power access capacity corresponding to the minimum wind power abandonment rate corresponding to the previous transmission channel capacity as the offshore wind power access capacity of the planned area.

2. The offshore wind power access capacity planning method considering the expansion of transmission channels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The constraints are: Minimum start and stop time constraints for thermal power units: Where Y n (t) is a binary variable representing the startup state of thermal power unit n at time t, Z n (t) is a binary variable representing the shutdown status of thermal power unit n at time t, T on Indicates the minimum start-up time of thermal power units, T off represents the minimum downtime of thermal power units, j′ represents the increase in time; Output constraints of thermal power units: P gmin (n)X n (t)≤P g (t,n)≤P gmax (n)X n (t) Q gmin (n)X n (t)≤Q g (t,n)≤Q gmax (n)X n (t) Where P gmin (n) represents the minimum technical output of thermal power unit n, X n (t) is a binary variable representing the operating status of thermal power unit n at time t, P g (t,n) represents the active power output of the nth thermal power unit at time t, P gmax (n) represents the maximum technical output of thermal power unit n, Q gmin (n) represents the minimum technical output of thermal power unit n, Q g (t,n) represents the active power output of the nth thermal power unit at time t, Q gmax (n) represents the maximum technical output of thermal power unit n; Thermal power unit climbing constraints: In the formula, It indicates the maximum ramp-up rate allowed for thermal power unit n. Indicates the maximum downslope rate allowed for thermal power unit n; Logical constraints on the status of thermal power units: Pumping condition constraints of fixed-speed pumped storage units: P constant_Pump (t)=num1×P storage ×1.1,num1=0,1,2,...n1 Where P constant_Pump (t) represents the pumping power of the constant-speed pumped-storage constant-speed unit at time t, P storage Indicates the upper limit of the pumping and power generation capacity of each pumped storage unit, num1 indicates the n1th fixed-speed pumped storage unit, and n1 indicates the number of fixed-speed pumped storage units; Pumping condition constraints of variable speed pumped storage units: 0≤P' change_Pump (t)≤n2×P storage ×1.1 In the formula, P′ change_Pump (t) represents the pumping power of the variable speed pumped storage constant speed unit at time t, n2 represents the number of variable speed pumped storage constant speed units; Total pumping power constraint: P Pump (t)=P constant_Pump (t)+P' change_Pump (t) Where P Pump (t) represents the total pumping power of the pumped-storage power station at time t; Power generation condition constraints: 0≤P Gen (t)≤n'×P storage Where P Gen (t) represents the total power of pumped storage power generation at time t, n′ represents the total number of fixed-speed pumped storage units and variable-speed pumped storage units; Pumped storage unit operating state constraints: P Pump (t)×P Gen (t)=0 Pumped storage power constraints: AND max =P storage ×n'×T Gen_max 0≤E(t)≤E max E(t+1)=E(t)+P Pump (t)×η Pump -P Gen (t) E(0)=E(24)=E(48)=…=E(T) Where, T Gen_max Indicates the maximum generating hours of pumped storage, E max represents the maximum storable power of the energy storage power station, E(t) represents the power stored in the pumped storage power station at time t, E(0) represents the power stored in the pumped storage power station at the initial time, η Pump represents the pumping efficiency of the pumped storage power station, T represents the total time of the operation simulation of the pumped storage power station; Climbing constraints of hydropower units: ΔP h ≤P h,up -ΔP h ≤P h,down Where P h Indicates the output of the hydropower unit, P h,up Indicates the upward climbing rate, P h,down Indicates the downward climbing rate; Power constraints of hydropower units: P h (t)=9.81×η hydro ×Q h (t)×H h (t) P h ≤P h,max ·X hydro P h,min ·X hydro ≤P h ∑X hydro ·∑Y hydro =0 Where η hydro Indicates the efficiency of the hydropower unit, P h (t) represents the output of the hydropower unit at time t, Q h (t) represents the power generation flow of the hydropower unit at time t, H h (t) represents the generating head at time t, X hydro Indicates the starting state of the hydropower unit, Y hydro Indicates the shutdown state of the hydropower unit, P h,max Indicates the maximum technical output of the hydropower unit, P h,min Indicates the minimum technical output of the hydropower unit; Traffic constraints: 0≤Q h ≤Q h,max 0≤Q h,out (t)≤Q h,out,max Q h,out =Q h +Q h,c In the formula, Q h represents the power generation flow of the hydropower unit, Q h,max Indicates the maximum power generation flow of the hydropower unit, Q h,out (t) represents the outbound flow at time t, Q h,out,max Indicates the maximum outflow flow, Q h,c Indicates water flow restriction; Storage capacity constraints: C h (t+1)=C h (t)+Q h,in (t)-Q h,out (t) C h,min (t)≤C h (t)≤C h,max (t) In the formula, C h (t+1) represents the storage capacity at the next moment, C h (t) represents the storage capacity at time t, Q h,in (t) represents the inflow flow at time t, C h,min (t) represents the minimum storage capacity limit at time t, C h,max (t) represents the maximum storage capacity limit at time t; Power balance constraints: N gen represents the number of conventional generators, P g (t,n″) represents the active output of the n″th conventional generator at time t, P wp (t) represents the wind power consumption of the power grid at time t, P load (t) represents the power load of the power grid at time t, P loss (t) represents the load shedding power of the power grid at time t; Spinning reserve constraints: Where P gmax (n″) represents the upper limit of active output of the n″th conventional generator set, η re represents the hot standby coefficient, P1(t) represents the system load at time t; Renewable energy output constraints: 0≤P pv (t)≤P solar (t) 0≤P wp (t)≤P wind (t) Where P pv (t) represents the photovoltaic power consumption of the power grid at time t, P solar (t) represents the photovoltaic power of the grid at time t, P wind (t) represents the wind power of the power grid at time t; Node power balance constraints: In the formula, G ij represents the conductance component of the admittance matrix between node i and node j, B ij represents the susceptance component of the admittance matrix between node i and node j, represents the voltage amplitude of node i at time t, represents the voltage amplitude of node j at time t, θ ij (t) represents the phase difference of the branch with nodes i and j as endpoints at time t, N bus represents the number of nodes, P wp (t,i) represents the output of the wind turbine at node i at time t, P load (t,i) represents the active power load of node i at time t, Q load (t,i) represents the reactive power load of node i at time t, Q g (t,i) represents the reactive power output of the conventional generator set at node i at time t, P g (t,i) represents the active power output of node i at time t, P loss (t,i) represents the load shedding power of node i at time t, G ii represents the conductance component of the admittance matrix of node i, B ii represents the susceptance component of the admittance matrix of node i; Branch capacity constraints: -P line (i,j)≤P ij (t)≤P line (i,j) Where P ij (t) represents the active transmission power of the branch connecting nodes i and j at time t, P line (i, j) represents the transmission channel capacity of the branch connecting nodes i and j; Node voltage amplitude constraint: In the formula, represents the lower limit of the node voltage amplitude of node i, represents the upper limit of the node voltage amplitude at node i, U i (t) represents the voltage amplitude of node i at time t.

3. The offshore wind power access capacity planning method considering the expansion of transmission channels according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The objective function of the sequential production simulation model is: min(f ge,ful +f ge,on +f ge,off +f wp,fix +f pv,fix +f load,fix ) In the formula, f ge,ful represents the fuel cost of thermal power units, f ge,on represents the startup cost of thermal power units, f ge,off represents the shutdown cost of thermal power units, f wp,fix represents the cost of wind power abandonment, f pv,fix represents the cost of abandoning renewable energy, f load,fix Represents the load shedding cost.

4. The offshore wind power access capacity planning method considering the expansion of transmission channels according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The current wind power abandonment rate is calculated according to the current actual wind power generation power, including: The current wind power abandonment rate is calculated according to the following formula and the current actual wind power generation power: In the formula, λ represents the wind power curtailment rate, P wp (t) represents the actual wind power generation at time t, P wind (t) represents the theoretical wind power generation at time t.

5. The offshore wind power access capacity planning method considering the expansion of transmission channels according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The calculating of the current wind power abandonment cost according to the actual wind power generation power corresponding to the minimum wind power abandonment rate includes: Get the electricity price per unit of electricity; The current wind curtailment cost is calculated based on the following formula, the current actual wind power generation and the electricity price: In the formula, F wp represents the wind curtailment cost, P wind (t) represents the theoretical wind power generation at time t, P wp (t) represents the actual wind power generation at time t, Indicates the price of electricity per unit of electricity.

6. The offshore wind power access capacity planning method considering the expansion of transmission channels according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The current new transmission channel cost is calculated based on the current transmission channel capacity and the previous transmission channel capacity, including: Obtain the current unit length investment cost of the transmission channel capacity and the total length of the transmission channel; The current new transmission channel cost is calculated according to the following formula, the current transmission channel capacity, the previous transmission channel capacity, the unit length investment cost and the total length of the transmission channel: ΔF LINE =(P LINE2 -P LINE1 ) / P LINE1 ×μ×L; Where, ΔF LINE represents the current cost of the new transmission channel, P LINE2 represents the current transmission channel capacity, P LINE1 represents the capacity of the previous transmission channel, μ represents the unit length investment cost of the current transmission channel capacity, and L represents the total length of the transmission channel.

7. The offshore wind power access capacity planning method considering the expansion of transmission channels according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The updating of the current power transmission channel capacity according to the preset channel capacity step to obtain the updated power transmission channel capacity includes: The updated transmission channel capacity is calculated based on the following formula, the preset channel capacity step size and the current transmission channel capacity: P LINE2 ′=P LINE2 ×(1+δ); Where δ represents the channel capacity step size, P LINE2 ' represents the updated transmission channel capacity.

8. An offshore wind power access capacity planning device considering the expansion of transmission channels, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module, model building module, model solving module, wind power abandonment rate calculation module, wind power abandonment cost reduction value calculation module, new transmission channel cost calculation module and access capacity determination module; The data acquisition module is used for step 1, obtaining the unit parameters and the historical annual wind power, photovoltaic power and load of the area to be planned; The model building module is used for step 2, based on the unit parameters, the wind power, the photovoltaic power and the load, to build a time series production simulation model and the constraints of the time series production simulation model with the goal of minimizing the sum of the operation cost of the thermal power unit, the cost of new energy power abandonment and the cost of load shedding; The model solving module is used for step 3, solving the time series production simulation model under various constraints according to the current wind power access capacity and the current transmission channel capacity to obtain the current actual wind power generation power; The wind power abandonment rate calculation module is used for step 4, calculating the current wind power abandonment rate according to the current actual wind power generation power, and comparing the current wind power abandonment rate with the preset wind power abandonment rate; If it is less than, the current wind power access capacity is updated according to the preset wind power access capacity update value to obtain the updated wind power access capacity, and jump to step three; if it is greater, the current wind power abandonment cost is calculated according to the actual wind power generation power corresponding to the minimum wind power abandonment rate; The wind abandonment cost reduction value calculation module is used in step 5 to calculate the wind abandonment cost reduction value according to the difference between the current wind abandonment cost and the previous wind abandonment cost; The newly added transmission channel cost calculation module is used in step 6 to calculate the current newly added transmission channel cost according to the current transmission channel capacity and the previous transmission channel capacity; The access capacity determination module is used for step seven, comparing the wind abandonment cost reduction value with the new transmission channel cost. If the wind abandonment cost reduction value is greater than the new transmission channel cost, the current transmission channel capacity is updated according to the preset channel capacity step to obtain the updated transmission channel capacity, and jump to step three; otherwise, the wind power access capacity corresponding to the minimum wind power abandonment rate corresponding to the previous transmission channel capacity is used as the offshore wind power access capacity of the area to be planned.

9. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is running, the terminal device where the storage medium is located is controlled to execute the offshore wind power access capacity planning method considering the expansion of the transmission channel as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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