Protective device for vertical lathe

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machine tool protection, in particular to a protective device for a vertical lathe, which comprises the vertical lathe, a visual observation assembly and a cleaning assembly, a mounting sliding box is arranged on one side of the vertical lathe, a protective door is movably arranged at the upper end of the mounting sliding box, and the protective door protects and shields a machining area of the vertical lathe. A switching assembly and a visual observation assembly are installed on the side, close to a machining area of the vertical lathe, of the protective door in a combined mode, when one of the four pieces of visual glass is damaged, the intact visual glass can be rotated to the position between a first visual window and a second visual window through rotation movable control of a switching installation disc, and the visual glass can be conveniently replaced. The visual glass protecting device is used for observing and protecting the machining state of the vertical lathe, machine halt is not needed to influence machining and continuous dangerous operation, the visual glass can be conveniently detached, replaced and maintained, in addition, under the auxiliary effect of the cleaning assembly, the visual observation effect of the visual glass can be improved, operation is easy, and worry-saving and convenient effects are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of machine tool protection, in particular to a protection device for a vertical lathe. Background Art

[0002] A vertical lathe is a lathe with a vertically set spindle for cutting. Since its workbench is in a horizontal position, it is suitable for processing heavy parts with large diameters and short lengths. When the vertical lathe is in use, in order to avoid injuries to operators caused by broken tools or workpieces, a protective cover connected to the operating surface will be set up to protect the safety of workers. Prior art patent CN114226770B discloses a multifunctional protective cover for a vertical CNC lathe. The protective cover is provided with a drainage groove, and a magnet rod is provided in the drainage groove. The magnetic property of the magnet rod is used to realize the opening and closing of the drainage port on the drainage groove. When the protective cover is opened, the drainage port is closed, and the drainage groove can receive the cutting fluid flowing down from the protective cover; when the protective cover is closed, the drainage port is opened, and the cutting fluid flowing down from the protective cover is discharged through the drainage port. When in use, the cutting fluid adhered to the inner side of the protective cover can be effectively collected and discharged. However, the visual window of the protective cover for vertical machine tools is mostly a tempered glass structure. The visual glass close to the cutting station side is easily contaminated by the cutting fluid, which makes it inconvenient for workers to observe the processing status. When metal parts break and hit the glass, the glass will be damaged. At this time, for processing safety, the machine needs to be shut down for maintenance or continue processing in a dangerous operation mode, which brings safety hazards to workers or affects processing efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a protective device for a vertical lathe to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a protective device for a vertical lathe, comprising: A vertical lathe, wherein a mounting slide box is provided on one side of the vertical lathe, and a protective door is movably provided on the upper end of the mounting slide box, and the protective door protects and shields the processing area of ​​the vertical lathe; A visual observation component, wherein the visual observation component is arranged on one side of the protective door through an installation component and a switching component, the visual observation component includes four visual glasses, the installation component includes a fixed installation cover, the switching component includes a switching installation plate, the four visual glasses are respectively detachably installed on the switching installation plate through a replacement component, the replacement component includes a plurality of combination screws and a plurality of disassembly nuts, the switching installation plate is rotatably plugged into the fixed installation cover, and the fixed installation cover is fixedly arranged on one side of the protective door close to the processing area of ​​the vertical lathe by a plurality of bolts; The cleaning component is arranged at the lower end center of one side of the fixed installation cover. The cleaning component comprises a cleaning box and a scraper, and one side of the scraper contacts with the switching installation plate and one side of the visual glass.

[0005] Preferably, a support shaft seat is horizontally provided in the center of the fixed mounting cover, and the center of one side of the switching mounting plate is rotatably sleeved with the support shaft seat through a bearing, and a first visual window and a second visual window are horizontally penetrated through the center of the upper end of one side of the fixed mounting cover and the protective door respectively, and four combination windows are symmetrically provided on the switching mounting plate, and the combination window is arranged opposite to the first visual window and the second visual window.

[0006] Preferably, the area of ​​the combination window is smaller than the areas of the first visible window and the second visible window, a disassembly groove is provided on a side of the combination window close to the protective door, a mounting frame is fixedly sleeved on one side of the visible glass, one side of the visible glass is inserted through the combination window, the mounting frame is placed in the disassembly groove, and one side of the visible glass passing through the combination window is flush with the surface of the switch mounting plate.

[0007] Preferably, several of the combination screws are symmetrically arranged on one side of the disassembly and assembly groove, and the installation frame is movably sleeved with several combination screws. The combination screws pass through one side of the installation frame and are provided with disassembly nuts through threaded sleeves, and elastic pads are provided between the disassembly and assembly nuts and the installation frame.

[0008] Preferably, an assembly groove is vertically opened at the lower end of the fixed mounting cover close to the processing area of ​​the vertical lathe, the assembly groove is connected to the inner cavity of the fixed mounting cover, the cleaning box is vertically inserted into the assembly groove through a plurality of bolts, the scraper is vertically arranged at the center of one side of the cleaning box where the fixed mounting cover is inserted, and one side of the scraper is in contact with one side of the switching mounting plate and the combination window.

[0009] Preferably, a connecting groove is horizontally opened at the lower end of the cleaning box, and two diversion grooves are vertically opened on both sides of the cleaning box. The lower ends of the two diversion grooves are respectively connected to the two sides of the connecting groove, and a plurality of injection holes are penetrated on one side of the two diversion grooves close to the switching mounting plate, and the diameter of the plurality of injection holes on the side close to the switching mounting plate is smaller than the diameter on the other side.

[0010] Preferably, a hard liquid pipe is connected and inserted at the lower end of the connecting groove of the cleaning box, a transfer liquid tank is horizontally opened at the lower end of the protective door, the lower end of the hard liquid pipe vertically passes through one side of the protective door and is connected and inserted into the transfer liquid tank, and a liquid delivery hose is connected to one side of the transfer liquid tank.

[0011] Preferably, a centralized collecting groove is horizontally provided at the upper end of the mounting slide box close to the processing area of ​​the vertical lathe, and a guide collecting plate is inclined downwardly provided at the side of the protective door close to the centralized collecting groove, and the lower end of the guide collecting plate is inserted into the centralized collecting groove, and the lower end of the hard liquid pipe passes through the guide collecting plate.

[0012] Preferably, a discharge groove is provided through the center of the lower end of the fixed installation cover, and the discharge groove is located directly above the guide collection plate.

[0013] Preferably, an external shaft block is provided at the center of one side of the switching mounting disk away from the supporting shaft seat, one side of the external shaft block movably penetrates the protective door arrangement, a rotating control disk is fixedly provided on one side of the external shaft block penetrating the protective door by two bolts, one side of the rotating control disk is provided with a hexagonal groove, one side of the rotating control disk is provided with a limit screw through threaded insertion, four alignment limit grooves are symmetrically provided on the side of the protective door close to the rotating control disk, and when one of the combination windows of the switching mounting disk is placed corresponding to the first visual window and the second visual window, one side of the limit screw is inserted into the alignment limit groove.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: A switch assembly and a visual observation assembly are installed in combination on one side of the protective door near the processing area of ​​the vertical lathe. When one of the four visual glasses is damaged, the intact visual glass can be rotated between the first visual window and the second visual window by switching the rotation activity control of the mounting plate. This is used for observation and protection of the machining status of the vertical lathe. There is no need to stop the machine to affect the processing and continue dangerous operations, and it is convenient to dismantle and replace the visual glass for maintenance. In addition, with the assistance of the cleaning assembly, the visual observation effect of the visual glass can be improved. The operation is simple, worry-free and convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protective door structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of part A; Figure 4 It is a side cut schematic diagram of the protective door structure of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of part B; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the C part; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the D part; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Schematic diagram of part E; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the fixed installation cover and the switch installation plate of the present invention; Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9Schematic diagram of the F part; Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the cleaning box of the present invention; Fig.12 For the present invention Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the G part; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the partial cutaway structure of the cleaning box of the present invention; Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the structure of the protective door of the present invention with multiple second visual windows.

[0016] In the figure: vertical lathe 1, protective door 2, mounting slide box 3, fixed mounting cover 4, first visual window 5, second visual window 6, switching mounting plate 7, disassembly groove 8, combination window 9, visual glass 10, mounting frame 11, combination screw 12, disassembly nut 13, elastic pad 14, cleaning box 15, scraper 16, connecting groove 17, diverter groove 18, injection hole 19, hard liquid pipe 20, transfer liquid groove 21, guide collection plate 22, centralized collection groove 23, external shaft block 24, rotating control plate 25, limit screw 26, alignment limit groove 27, discharge groove 28. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the present invention clearly and completely described, and the advantages more clearly understood, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments, and are only used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] See also Figure 1-Figure 14 , the present invention provides the following technical solutions: Embodiment 1: A protective device for a vertical lathe, comprising a vertical lathe 1, a mounting slide box 3 is provided on one side of the vertical lathe 1, a protective door 2 is movably provided on the upper end of the mounting slide box 3, the protective door 2 protects and shields the processing area of ​​the vertical lathe 1, and the connection between the protective door 2 and the mounting slide box 3 can be a linear slide pair connection or a wheel rail and roller sliding connection; A visual observation component is provided to facilitate workers to observe the machining status without opening the protective door 2. The visual observation component is arranged on one side of the protective door 2 through an installation component and a switching component. The visual observation component includes four visual glasses 10, the installation component includes a fixed installation cover 4, and the switching component includes a switching installation disk 7. The four visual glasses 10 are detachably installed on the switching installation disk 7 through a replacement component. The replacement component includes a plurality of combination screws 12 and a plurality of disassembly nuts 13. The switching installation disk 7 is rotatably plugged into the fixed installation cover 4, and the fixed installation cover 4 is fixed by a plurality of bolts. It is fixedly arranged on the side of the processing area of ​​the protective door 2 close to the vertical lathe 1, and a support shaft seat is horizontally arranged in the center of the fixed installation cover 4. The center of one side of the switching installation plate 7 is rotatably sleeved with the support shaft seat through a bearing. The first visual window 5 and the second visual window 6 are respectively horizontally penetrated through the center of the upper end of one side of the fixed installation cover 4 and the protective door 2. Four combination windows 9 are symmetrically arranged on the switching installation plate 7, and the combination window 9 is arranged opposite to the first visual window 5 and the second visual window 6. The operator can observe the machining station through the visual glass 10 and the first visual window 5 through the position of the second visual window 6. In addition, the number of the viewing glasses 10 can be set according to demand, but the number of the viewing glasses 10 should be at least two for easy alternating use.

[0019] The area of ​​the combined window 9 is smaller than that of the first visual window 5 and the second visual window 6. A disassembly groove 8 is provided on one side of the combined window 9 close to the protective door 2. A mounting frame 11 is fixedly sleeved on one side of the visual glass 10. One side of the visual glass 10 is inserted through the combined window 9. The mounting frame 11 is placed in the disassembly groove 8, and one side of the visual glass 10 that passes through the combined window 9 is flush with the surface of the switching mounting plate 7. A number of combined screws 12 are symmetrically arranged on one side of the disassembly groove 8, and the mounting frame 11 is movably sleeved with a number of combined screws 12. A disassembly nut 13 is provided on one side of the combined screw 12 that passes through the mounting frame 11 through a threaded sleeve, and an elastic pad 14 is provided between the disassembly nut 13 and the mounting frame 11. When the visual glass 10 is hit by a workpiece or a metal impact of a tool, the elastic pad 14 can provide a certain degree of buffering, and at the same time can reduce the possibility of loosening of the disassembly nut 13 to a certain extent.

[0020] An external shaft block 24 is provided at the center of one side of the switching installation disk 7 away from the supporting shaft seat, and one side of the external shaft block 24 is movably penetrated through the protective door 2. A rotating control disk 25 is fixedly provided on one side of the external shaft block 24 penetrating the protective door 2 by two bolts. A hexagonal groove is provided on one side of the rotating control disk 25, and a limiting screw 26 is provided on one side of the rotating control disk 25 through threaded insertion. Four alignment limiting grooves 27 are symmetrically provided on one side of the protective door 2 close to the rotating control disk 25, and when one of the combined windows 9 of the switching installation disk 7 is placed corresponding to the first visual window 5 and the second visual window 6, one side of the limiting screw 26 is inserted into the alignment limiting groove 27, and when the switching installation disk 7 passes through the first visual window 5 and the second visual window 6, the limiting screw 26 is inserted into the alignment limiting groove 27. After a visual window 5 is installed on the protective door 2, the external shaft block 24 of the switching mounting disk 7 passes through the protective door 2, and the protective door 2 can assist in supporting the rotation stability of the switching mounting disk 7. When one of the visual glasses 10 is damaged, in order to avoid shutdown for maintenance or continue unprotected dangerous processing, it can be directly connected to the external rocker through the hexagonal groove of the rotating control disk 25. The rotating control disk 25 controls the switching mounting disk 7 and the damaged visual glass 10 to move away from the first visual window 5 and the second visual window 6 position, and the intact visual glass 10 moves to the first visual window 5 and the second visual window 6 position, and is fixed by inserting the limit screw 26 into the alignment limit groove 27.

[0021] In this embodiment, the staff observes the machining status in the vertical lathe 1 through the windows of the first visual window 5 and the second visual window 6, and through the transparent visible visual glass 10. When the workpiece or the tool damages the visual glass 10 at the position of the first visual window 5 and the second visual window 6, and the machining is in progress, the limit screw 26 is loosened to make one side of the limit screw 26 disengage from the alignment limit groove 27. At this time, the rotating control disk 25 is rotated to control the switching installation disk 7 to rotate. At this time, the intact visual glass 10 replaces the damaged visual glass 10 and is at the position of the first visual window 5 and the second visual window 6, and the safe machining is continued. When the machining progress is not tight, after the vertical lathe 1 is stopped, a number of disassembly nuts 13 can be loosened, and the visual glass 10 and the installation frame 11 can be removed and directly replaced. There is no need to remove the entire protective door 2 to replace the visual glass 10. The operation is simple and convenient, and direct external operation makes replacement and use safer.

[0022] Embodiment 2: On the basis of embodiment 1, a cleaning component is provided to clean the positions of the sight glass 10 and the switching mounting disk 7 affected by the cutting fluid. The cleaning component is arranged at the lower end center of one side of the fixed mounting cover 4. The cleaning component includes a cleaning box 15 and a scraper 16, and one side of the scraper 16 is in contact with one side of the switching mounting disk 7 and the sight glass 10. An assembly groove is vertically opened at the lower end of the fixed mounting cover 4 on one side close to the processing area of ​​the vertical lathe 1, and the assembly groove is connected to the inner cavity of the fixed mounting cover 4. The cleaning box 15 is vertically inserted in the assembly groove through a plurality of bolts. The scraper 16 is vertically arranged at the center of one side of the cleaning box 15 where the fixed mounting cover 4 is inserted, and one side of the scraper 16 is in contact with one side of the switching mounting disk 7 and the combination window 9. When the switching mounting disk 7 rotates, the scraper 16 can scrape dirt off the surface of the switching mounting disk 7 and the four sight glasses 10, and the side of the scraper 16 in contact with the switching mounting disk 7 is a double scraper strip structure, and the scraper strip is an elastic rubber strip structure.

[0023] A connecting groove 17 is horizontally opened at the lower end of the cleaning box 15, and two diverter grooves 18 are vertically opened on both sides of the cleaning box 15. The lower ends of the two diverter grooves 18 are respectively connected to the two sides of the connecting groove 17. A plurality of injection holes 19 are penetrated and opened on one side of the two diverter grooves 18 close to the switching mounting plate 7, and the diameter of the plurality of injection holes 19 close to the switching mounting plate 7 is smaller than the diameter of the other side. A hard liquid pipe 20 is connected and inserted at the lower end of the connecting groove 17 of the cleaning box 15, and a transfer liquid tank 21 is horizontally opened at the lower end of the protective door 2. The hard liquid pipe 2 0 The lower end of the protective door 2 vertically penetrates one side of the protective door 2 and is connected to the transfer tank 21, and a liquid delivery hose is connected to one side of the transfer tank 21. The external cleaning liquid is delivered into the transfer tank 21 of the protective door 2 through the pressurizing device and the liquid delivery hose. After the cleaning liquid in the transfer tank 21 is filled, it enters the connecting tank 17 and the two branch tanks 18 through the hard liquid pipe 20, and then further pressurized and impacted on the switching mounting plate 7 and the visual glass 10 under the action of the conical structure of the injection hole 19, which can assist the scraper 16 to clean the surface of the switching mounting plate 7.

[0024] A centralized collecting groove 23 is horizontally provided at the upper end of one side of the installation slide box 3 close to the processing area of ​​the vertical lathe 1, and a guide collecting plate 22 is inclined downwardly provided on one side of the protective door 2 close to the centralized collecting groove 23. The lower end of the guide collecting plate 22 is plugged into the centralized collecting groove 23, and the lower end of the hard liquid pipe 20 passes through the guide collecting plate 22. A discharge groove 28 is opened through the center of the lower end of the fixed installation cover 4, and the discharge groove 28 is located directly above the guide collecting plate 22. Clean waste liquid can drip onto the guide collecting plate 22 through the discharge groove 28, and then flow into the centralized collecting groove 23 for centralized treatment under the diversion effect of the guide collecting plate 22. In addition, the guide collecting plate 22 and the centralized collecting groove 23 can divert the cutting fluid splashed during the processing of the protective door 2, so that the cutting fluid dripping on the surface of the protective door 2 can also enter the centralized collecting groove 23 for centralized treatment.

[0025] In this embodiment, when there is contamination caused by cutting fluid such as oil on the surface of the sight glass 10, which affects the observation of the processing status, a high-pressure cleaning solution is sent into the transfer liquid tank 21 through the existing pressurizing equipment. After the cleaning solution is transported through the hard liquid pipe 20 and the cleaning box 15, it is sprayed from a plurality of spray holes 19 onto the switching mounting disk 7. At this time, the switching mounting disk 7 rotates, and the side of the switching mounting disk 7 and the four sight glasses 10 close to the processing area of ​​the vertical lathe 1 can be cleaned. The operation is simple and easy to use.

[0026] Embodiment 3: Based on embodiment 2, the number of the first visual window 5 and the second visual window 6 can be set to three, and the setting positions are respectively on the top and the left and right sides, which does not affect the normal function of the cleaning box 15 and increases the visual observation area of ​​the staff.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A protective device for a vertical lathe, characterized in that: include: A vertical lathe (1), wherein a mounting slide box (3) is provided on one side of the vertical lathe (1), a protective door (2) is movably provided on the upper end of the mounting slide box (3), and the protective door (2) protects and shields the processing area of ​​the vertical lathe (1); A visual observation component, the visual observation component is arranged on one side of the protective door (2) through a mounting component and a switching component, the visual observation component includes four visual glasses (10), the mounting component includes a fixed mounting cover (4), the switching component includes a switching mounting plate (7), the four visual glasses (10) are respectively detachably mounted on the switching mounting plate (7) through a replacement component, the replacement component includes a plurality of combination screws (12) and a plurality of disassembly nuts (13), the switching mounting plate (7) is rotatably plugged into the fixed mounting cover (4), and the fixed mounting cover (4) is fixedly arranged on the side of the protective door (2) close to the processing area of ​​the vertical lathe (1) by a plurality of bolts; A cleaning assembly is arranged at the center of the lower end of one side of the fixed mounting cover (4), and the cleaning assembly comprises a cleaning box (15) and a scraper (16), and one side of the scraper (16) is in contact with the switching mounting plate (7) and one side of the visual glass (10).

2. A protective device for a vertical lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support shaft seat is horizontally provided in the center of the fixed installation cover (4), and the center of one side of the switching installation plate (7) is rotatably sleeved with the support shaft seat through a bearing. A first visual window (5) and a second visual window (6) are horizontally penetrated through the center of the upper end of one side of the fixed installation cover (4) and the protective door (2), respectively. Four combination windows (9) are symmetrically provided on the switching installation plate (7), and the combination windows (9) are arranged opposite to the first visual window (5) and the second visual window (6).

3. A protective device for a vertical lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The area of ​​the combined window (9) is smaller than the areas of the first visual window (5) and the second visual window (6); a disassembly groove (8) is provided on a side of the combined window (9) close to the protective door (2); a mounting frame (11) is fixedly sleeved on one side of the visual glass (10); one side of the visual glass (10) is inserted through the combined window (9) and placed in the combined window; the mounting frame (11) is placed in the disassembly groove (8); and the side of the visual glass (10) that passes through the combined window (9) is flush with the surface of the switch mounting plate (7).

4. A protective device for a vertical lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of the combined screw rods (12) are symmetrically arranged on one side of the disassembly groove (8); the mounting frame (11) is movably sleeved with the plurality of combined screw rods (12); one side of the combined screw rods (12) passing through the mounting frame (11) is provided with a disassembly nut (13) through a threaded sleeve; and an elastic pad (14) is provided between the disassembly nut (13) and the mounting frame (11).

5. A protective device for a vertical lathe according to claim 4, characterized in that: An assembly groove is vertically formed at the lower end of the fixed installation cover (4) on the side close to the processing area of ​​the vertical lathe (1), the assembly groove being connected to the inner cavity of the fixed installation cover (4), the cleaning box (15) being vertically plugged into the assembly groove by a plurality of bolts, the scraper (16) being vertically arranged at the center of one side of the cleaning box (15) plugged into the fixed installation cover (4), and one side of the scraper (16) being in contact with one side of the switching installation plate (7) and the combination window (9).

6. A protective device for a vertical lathe according to claim 5, characterized in that: A connecting groove (17) is horizontally provided at the lower end of the cleaning box (15), and two diverter grooves (18) are vertically provided on both sides of the cleaning box (15). The lower ends of the two diverter grooves (18) are respectively connected to both sides of the connecting groove (17), and a plurality of injection holes (19) are penetrated through the two diverter grooves (18) on one side close to the switching mounting plate (7), and the diameter of the plurality of injection holes (19) on the side close to the switching mounting plate (7) is smaller than the diameter of the other side.

7. A protective device for a vertical lathe according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower end of the connecting groove (17) of the cleaning box (15) is connected and plugged with a hard liquid pipe (20), and a transfer liquid tank (21) is horizontally opened at the lower end of the protective door (2). The lower end of the hard liquid pipe (20) vertically penetrates one side of the protective door (2) and is connected and plugged into the transfer liquid tank (21), and one side of the transfer liquid tank (21) is connected with a liquid delivery hose.

8. A protective device for a vertical lathe according to claim 7, characterized in that: A centralized collecting groove (23) is horizontally disposed at the upper end of the mounting slide box (3) on the side close to the processing area of ​​the vertical lathe (1); a guide collecting plate (22) is obliquely disposed downwardly on the side of the protective door (2) close to the centralized collecting groove (23); the lower end of the guide collecting plate (22) is inserted into the centralized collecting groove (23); and the lower end of the hard liquid pipe (20) passes through the guide collecting plate (22).

9. A protective device for a vertical lathe according to claim 8, characterized in that: A discharge groove (28) is provided through the center of the lower end of the fixed installation cover (4), and the discharge groove (28) is located directly above the guide collection plate (22).

10. A protective device for a vertical lathe according to claim 9, characterized in that: An external shaft block (24) is provided at the center of a side of the switching installation plate (7) away from the supporting shaft seat, and one side of the external shaft block (24) is movably penetrated through the protective door (2). A rotating control plate (25) is fixedly provided on one side of the external shaft block (24) penetrating the protective door (2) by two bolts. A hexagonal groove is provided on one side of the rotating control plate (25). A limiting screw (26) is provided on one side of the rotating control plate (25) by threaded insertion. Four alignment limiting grooves (27) are symmetrically provided on one side of the protective door (2) close to the rotating control plate (25), and when one of the combined windows (9) of the switching installation plate (7) is placed corresponding to the first visual window (5) and the second visual window (6), one side of the limiting screw (26) is inserted into the alignment limiting groove (27).

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