Machining equipment for workpiece machining

Abstract

The invention discloses machining equipment for workpiece machining, and relates to the technical field of turning chucks. A piston cylinder is slidably mounted in a disc, a piston head is fixedly connected with the interior of the disc through a piston rod, and a first flow channel and a second flow channel are communicated; hydraulic oil can be pressurized and supplied to the outside of the arc-shaped elastic barrel in the first annular groove, the piston barrel is controlled to be locked and unlocked by controlling filling of the hydraulic oil, in the unlocking state, a worker can rapidly adjust the clamping jaw part to the outer side of a workpiece by sliding the piston barrel, and meanwhile the clamping jaw part can be rapidly adjusted to the outer side of the workpiece by means of threaded screwing of a screw rod and a sliding block. According to the technical scheme, fine moving adjustment of the sliding block is achieved, then clamping of a workpiece is achieved, under dual operation, the moving length of the clamping jaw piece driven by thread meshing can be effectively reduced, the efficiency of clamping the workpiece during moving of the clamping jaw piece can be improved, the labor burden of workers can be reduced, and the turning machining efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of turning chucks, and in particular to a mechanical processing equipment for processing a workpiece. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, when a workpiece is processed using a turning machine, it is necessary to use a chuck structure on the turning machine to firmly clamp the workpiece. In the process of the chuck driving the workpiece to rotate at high speed, the turning tool is used to complete the turning and shaping of the workpiece. Therefore, the turning stability of the workpiece during high-speed rotation is determined by the firmness of the chuck clamping.

[0003] When an existing turning machine tool uses a chuck to clamp a workpiece for turning processing, in order to ensure that the chuck firmly clamps the workpiece, the movement of the jaws on the chuck is usually driven by a single threaded engagement structure. Through rotation, with the help of the engagement of the threads, the jaws are driven to move and adjust to complete the clamping operation. The single threaded engagement structure leads to low efficiency in the movement and adjustment of the jaws. When the sizes of the workpieces to be processed are greatly different, it is difficult to quickly adjust the position of the jaws using only a single threaded engagement structure, resulting in the need for workers to apply more rotational power when adjusting the jaws for clamping operations. This not only increases the labor intensity of the workers, but also affects the clamping efficiency, thereby affecting the efficiency of the workpiece turning processing.

[0004] Therefore, a mechanical processing equipment for processing a workpiece is proposed to solve some problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that when a chuck is used to clamp and fix the workpiece during turning processing, the clamping jaws in the chuck are adjusted by a single threaded engagement structure, which makes it difficult for the clamping jaws to quickly clamp workpieces of different sizes. A mechanical processing equipment for workpiece processing is proposed to solve the problem.

[0006] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A mechanical processing equipment for processing workpieces, including a base, characterized in that: a main shaft is rotatably installed at the axial position of the base, and a disk arranged on the front side of the base is fixedly installed on the main shaft, the front side of the disk is fixedly covered with a top cover, and a plurality of through grooves evenly distributed around its axis are opened on the top cover, a slider is slidably installed in each through groove, a slot is opened on the back side of the main shaft, a claw member arranged on the front side of the top cover is installed on the slider, and the claw member includes a connecting plate fixedly connected to the slider, a clamping column is fixedly installed on one side of the connecting plate close to the axial position of the top cover, a piston cylinder arranged corresponding to the plurality of through grooves is slidably installed in the disk, and a piston cylinder parallel to the through groove is slidably inserted at one end of the piston cylinder away from the axial position of the disk A piston rod is arranged in a row, and a piston head matched with the internal size of the piston cylinder is fixedly installed at the end of the piston rod, the piston head is slidably installed in the piston cylinder, a first annular groove is arranged around the cylindrical surface of the piston head, and an arc-shaped elastic cylinder elastically supported on the inner end wall of the piston cylinder is arranged around the first annular groove, a first flow channel is arranged in the piston rod, a second flow channel connected between the first flow channel and the first annular groove is arranged in the piston head, and the opening of the second flow channel is located on the outside of the arc-shaped elastic cylinder, a third flow channel connected with the first flow channel is arranged in the disc, an axis frame is fixedly installed on the piston cylinder, and a screw parallel to the through groove is rotatably installed in the axis frame, the slider is slidably installed in the axis frame, and the slider is threadedly screwed to the screw.

[0007] Preferably, the side of the clamping column close to the axis center of the top cover is set as a V-shaped structure, and the side of the clamping column away from the axis center of the top cover is set as a stepped structure.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of evenly distributed mounting holes are formed on the connection plate, and bolts are inserted into the mounting holes, and the connection plate is firmly connected to the slider by the bolts.

[0009] Preferably, sealing grooves are provided on the cylindrical surface of the piston head and are located on both sides of the first ring groove, and sealing rings that fit tightly with the inner end wall of the piston cylinder are sleeved in the sealing grooves.

[0010] Preferably, a gear ring coaxially arranged therewith is rotatably mounted inside the disc, a plurality of gears meshing with the gear ring are rotatably mounted inside the disc, and a rack meshing with the gears is fixedly mounted on the piston cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, a spline rod rotatably installed in the disc is slidably inserted in the screw rod, a first bevel tooth is rotatably installed at the axial position in the disc, a second bevel tooth meshing with the first bevel tooth is fixedly installed at the end of the spline rod, and a connecting head rotatably installed on the outer end wall of the disc is fixedly installed on one of the spline rods.

[0012] Preferably, the third flow channel extends backward to the back end wall of the disc, a second annular groove corresponding to the third flow channel is formed on the front end wall of the base, and a pipe joint connected to the second annular groove is fixedly installed on the outer end wall of the base.

[0013] Preferably, evenly distributed cavities are provided in the top cover, a pump chamber is provided at the front axial position of the base, a pump wheel matching the internal size of the pump chamber is fixed around the main shaft, a first channel connected to the pump chamber is provided in the base, a second channel connected between one end of the cavity and the pump chamber is provided in the disc, and a third channel connected to the other end of the cavity is provided in the disc.

[0014] Preferably, the other end of the first channel is connected to the second annular groove, the other end of the third channel is also connected to the second annular groove, and there is an angle difference of 180° between the connecting position of the first channel and the second annular groove and the connecting position of the third channel and the second annular groove.

[0015] Preferably, the back side of the top cover is rotatably installed with a first baffle and a second baffle in sequence, and the first baffle and the second baffle are composed of a plurality of fan-shaped plates evenly distributed around the axial position of the top cover and fixed to each other, and the side of the fan-shaped plate close to the slider is arranged as a bent structure shielding the back side of the through groove, and a torsion spring elastically supported between the first baffle and the second baffle is installed at the axial position inside the disk.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, the piston cylinder is slidably installed in the disc, and the piston head is fixedly connected to the inside of the disc through the piston rod. With the help of the connection between the first flow channel and the second flow channel, the hydraulic oil can be pressurized and supplied to the outside of the arc-shaped elastic cylinder in the first annular groove. The locking and unlocking of the piston cylinder can be controlled by controlling the filling of the hydraulic oil. When the piston cylinder is unlocked, the staff can quickly adjust the claw member to the outside of the workpiece by sliding the piston cylinder. At the same time, with the help of the threaded connection between the screw rod and the slider, the fine movement adjustment of the slider can be achieved, thereby achieving the clamping of the workpiece. Under the dual operation, the length of the claw member driven to move by the threaded engagement can be effectively reduced, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the claw member when clamping the workpiece, which is not only beneficial to reducing the labor burden of the staff, but also beneficial to improving the turning efficiency. 2. In the present invention, the gear ring is coaxially rotatably installed in the disc, and a plurality of evenly distributed gears are meshed around the outer side of the gear ring, and the meshing of the rack on the piston cylinder and the gear is coordinated, so that when the positions of a plurality of claws are quickly adjusted, when the piston cylinder is unlocked, the staff only needs to push one of the piston cylinders to slide, and under the mutual meshing of the gear ring, the gear and the rack, all other piston cylinders will slide synchronously, so as to realize the synchronous and rapid pre-adjustment of a plurality of claws, which can effectively improve the convenience and flexibility of the device in actual use; 3. In the present invention, by sliding the spline rod into the screw rod, and fixing the second bevel gear at the end of the spline rod, and cooperating with the first bevel gear meshing with all the second bevel gears to be rotatably installed at the axial center position in the disc, the staff only needs to rotate one of the spline rods to drive all other spline rods to rotate synchronously, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of a plurality of screw rods, thereby controlling the synchronous movement of a plurality of sliders arranged around, which is conducive to improving the convenience of operation during the clamping and use of the device, and because the sliding of a plurality of piston cylinders and the coordinated and synchronous movement of a plurality of sliders can conveniently clamp and position the workpiece to be processed at the axial center position of the front face of the top cover; 4. In the present invention, a cavity is opened in the top cover, and a pump wheel that can rotate at high speed in the pump chamber is fixedly installed on the main shaft. By means of the connection between the first channel, the second channel and the third channel, when the workpiece is clamped on the device and driven to rotate for turning processing, the hydraulic oil will circulate between the second annular groove and the cavity by means of the suction force formed by the high-speed rotation of the pump wheel in the pump chamber. When the heat generated during the turning process of the workpiece is transferred to the top cover through contact, the heat can be quickly removed by means of the flow of hydraulic oil, thereby achieving the purpose of assisting the workpiece in quickly dissipating heat during the turning process, which is beneficial to improving the safety and stability of the workpiece during the turning process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a split diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of a slider, a piston cylinder, a piston rod, a shaft frame and a screw rod of the present invention; Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram of the piston rod and the piston head of the present invention; Figure 5 The figure is a disassembled view of the piston head, the arc-shaped elastic cylinder and the sealing ring of the present invention; Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram of the main shaft and the pump wheel of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a front view of the first baffle, the second baffle and the torsion spring of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 1 Front view of the middle structure; Fig. 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Sectional view at AA in the middle; Fig.10 For the present invention Figure 8 Sectional view at the middle BB; Fig.11 For the present invention Figure 1 Left view of the middle structure; Fig.12 For the present invention Fig.11 Sectional view at CC; Fig.13 For the present invention Fig.12 Enlarged view of point E in the middle; Fig.14 For the present invention Fig.11 Cross-sectional view at DD in the middle.

[0018] Serial number in the picture: 1. Base; 101. Spindle; 102. Disc; 103. Top cover; 104. Through slot; 105. Slider; 106. Slot; 2. Claw member; 201. Connecting plate; 202. Clamping column; 203. Mounting hole; 3. Piston cylinder; 301. Piston rod; 302. Piston head; 303. First ring groove; 304. Arc-shaped elastic cylinder; 305. Sealing ring; 306. First flow channel; 307. Second flow channel; 308. Third flow channel; 4. gear ring; 401. gear; 402. rack; 5. Shaft frame; 501. Screw; 6. Spline rod; 601. First bevel gear; 602. Second bevel gear; 603. Connector; 7. second annular groove; 701. pipe joint; 8, cavity; 801, pump chamber; 802, pump wheel; 803, first channel; 804, second channel; 805, third channel; 9. First baffle; 901. Second baffle; 902. Torsion spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Example 1

[0020] This embodiment provides a mechanical processing device for processing a workpiece. Figure 1 - Fig.14Specifically, it includes a base 1, a main shaft 101 is rotatably installed at the axis position of the base 1, and a disk 102 arranged on the front side of the base 1 is fixedly installed on the main shaft 101, the front side of the disk 102 is fixedly covered with a top cover 103, and a plurality of through grooves 104 evenly distributed around the axis center are opened on the top cover 103, a slider 105 is slidably installed in each through groove 104, a slot 106 is opened on the back side of the main shaft 101, a claw member 2 arranged on the front side of the top cover 103 is installed on the slider 105, and the claw member 2 includes a connecting plate 201 fixedly connected to the slider 105, a clamping column 202 is fixedly installed on one side of the connecting plate 201 close to the axis center position of the top cover 103, a piston cylinder 3 arranged corresponding to the plurality of through grooves 104 is slidably installed in the disk 102, and a piston rod 301 arranged parallel to the through groove 104 is slidably inserted at one end of the piston cylinder 3 away from the axis center position of the disk 102, A piston head 302 adapted to the internal size of the piston cylinder 3 is fixedly installed at the end of the piston rod 301, and the piston head 302 is slidably installed in the piston cylinder 3. A first annular groove 303 is arranged around the cylindrical surface of the piston head 302, and an arc-shaped elastic cylinder 304 elastically supported on the inner end wall of the piston cylinder 3 is arranged around the first annular groove 303. A first flow channel 306 is arranged in the piston rod 301, and a second flow channel 307 connected between the first flow channel 306 and the first annular groove 303 is arranged in the piston head 302, and the opening of the second flow channel 307 is located on the outside of the arc-shaped elastic cylinder 304. A third flow channel 308 connected to the first flow channel 306 is arranged in the disc 102. A shaft frame 5 is fixedly installed on the piston cylinder 3, and a screw 501 arranged parallel to the through groove 104 is rotatably installed in the shaft frame 5. The slider 105 is slidably installed in the shaft frame 5, and the slider 105 is threadedly screwed with the screw 501.

[0021] During the use of the device, it is installed on a turning machine tool to clamp the workpiece to be processed. A number of through holes for inserting bolts are opened around the edge of the base 1. After the base 1 is fixedly connected to the turning machine tool by bolts, the slider 105 opened on the main shaft 101 will be connected to the driving shaft on the turning machine tool, so that the driving shaft in the turning machine tool can drive the main shaft 101 to drive the disc 102 to rotate. When using this device, an additional hydraulic pump is required, and the output end of the hydraulic pump is connected to the third flow channel 308. Under normal circumstances, the arc-shaped elastic cylinder 304 is tightly fitted with the inner end wall of the piston cylinder 3 under the action of its own elastic supporting force, thereby limiting the sliding of the piston cylinder 3.

[0022] The device is used to clamp the workpiece, and the driving shaft on the turning machine is connected to the slot 106 to drive the main shaft 101 to rotate, thereby driving the workpiece clamped between the plurality of jaw members 2 to rotate, and cooperating with the approach of the turning tool and the workpiece on the turning machine to realize the turning processing of the workpiece. There are at least three sliders 105 for installing the jaw members 2, so that at least three jaw members 2 are provided. In actual operation, the staff places the workpiece between the plurality of jaw members 2 on the front side of the top cover 103, and then supplies hydraulic oil to the third flow channel 308 through the hydraulic pump under pressure. The hydraulic oil enters the outer side of the arc-shaped elastic cylinder 304 in the first annular groove 303 through the connection between the first flow channel 306 and the second flow channel 307. As the hydraulic oil enters under pressure, the arc-shaped elastic cylinder 304 is squeezed from the outside, causing the arc-shaped elastic cylinder 304 to undergo elastic deformation. At this time, the arc-shaped elastic cylinder 304 is no longer in contact with the inner end wall of the piston cylinder 3, and the sliding of the piston cylinder 3 is no longer affected. When the position of the clamping member 2 is pre-adjusted, the staff releases the hydraulic pump to supply the hydraulic oil pressurized supply to the first flow channel 306, and the hydraulic oil is lost. Under the elastic rebound action of the arc-shaped elastic cylinder 304, it is reset and fits tightly with the inner end wall of the piston cylinder 3 again, limiting the position of the piston cylinder 3. Subsequently, the staff can drive the screw 501 to rotate. During the rotation of the screw 501, with the help of the threaded connection between the screw 501 and the slider 105, the slider 105 can drive the clamping member 2 to move along the screw 501, and finally the clamping column 202 is tightly squeezed against the outside of the workpiece, thereby achieving a firm clamping of the workpiece.

[0023] During the use of the device, the staff can first quickly adjust the claw member 2 to the outside of the workpiece by sliding the piston cylinder 3, and then drive the slider 105 to move finely through the threaded connection between the screw 501 and the slider 105 to achieve clamping of the workpiece. This operation mode allows the slider 105 to firmly clamp the workpiece only by moving a short distance. Compared with the prior art that requires the slider 105 to be threaded for long-distance movement and adjustment, the efficiency of the workpiece being firmly clamped by the device can be effectively improved, and efficient clamping processing of the workpiece can be achieved, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the workpiece when being processed by a turning machine.

[0024] In the specific implementation process, Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Fig.11As shown, the side of the clamping column 202 close to the axis position of the top cover 103 is set to a V-shaped structure, and the side of the clamping column 202 away from the axis position of the top cover 103 is set to a stepped structure. A large number of evenly distributed mounting holes 203 are opened on the connecting plate 201, and bolts are inserted into the mounting holes 203. The connecting plate 201 is firmly connected to the slider 105 by bolts. During the use of the device, by setting the side of the clamping column 202 close to the axis position of the top cover 103 to a V-shaped structure, the multiple surrounding clamping columns 202 can better clamp the cylindrical workpiece at the axis position of the top cover 103 when clamping the workpiece, and can effectively increase the contact points between the workpiece and the clamping column 202 when the workpiece is clamped, which is beneficial to improve the firmness of the workpiece when it is clamped.

[0025] At the same time, by setting the side of the clamping column 202 away from the axial position of the top cover 103 to be stepped, the cooperation of the numerous surrounding clamping columns 202 can not only clamp the workpiece from the outside, but also support the cylindrical workpiece from the inside through the reverse movement of the clamping column 202, thereby achieving a firm connection of the cylindrical workpiece and rapid fixation of cylindrical workpieces of different sizes. Compared with fixing the cylindrical workpiece by applying pressure from the outside, the stepped structure on the outside of the clamping column 202 is used in the present application to support the cylindrical workpiece from the inside to achieve a firm connection, which is beneficial to avoiding abnormal deformation of the cylindrical structure due to excessive squeezing force from the outside to the inside. The inner and outer double structures of the clamping column 202 can effectively improve the flexibility of the device in actual use, which can not only effectively improve the applicability of the device in actual use, but also help to ensure the stability and safety of the device when clamping the workpiece for processing.

[0026] The staff can also adjust the initial installation position of the connecting plate 201 by inserting bolts into different installation holes 203, and adjust the clamping column 202 to be close to the axis center position of the top cover 103 or away from the axis center position of the top cover 103 in the initial state according to the size of the workpiece to be clamped, so as to make the device more flexible in actual use, which is conducive to greatly improving the range of the device for clamping workpieces of different sizes for stable turning processing.

[0027] In the specific implementation process, Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Fig.13As shown, sealing grooves are provided on the cylindrical surface of the piston head 302 on both sides of the first annular groove 303, and sealing rings 305 are provided in the sealing grooves that are tightly fitted with the inner end walls of the piston cylinder 3. During the use of the device, by installing the sealing rings 305 in the sealing grooves provided on the piston head 302 on both sides of the first annular groove 303, the elastic filling of the sealing rings 305 can ensure the stability of the hydraulic oil pressurized into the outer side of the arc-shaped elastic cylinder 304 in the first annular groove 303, and prevent the hydraulic oil entering the first annular groove 303 from diffusing into the piston cylinder 3, which is beneficial to ensuring the stability of the device by pressurizing the hydraulic oil to drive the arc-shaped elastic cylinder 304 to deform and separate from the inner end wall of the piston cylinder 3.

[0028] In the specific implementation process, Figure 3 , Fig.12 and Fig.13 As shown, a gear ring 4 coaxially arranged therewith is rotatably installed in the disc 102, a plurality of gears 401 meshing with the gear ring 4 are rotatably installed in the disc 102, a rack 402 meshing with the gear 401 is fixedly installed on the piston cylinder 3, and during the use of the device, when one of the piston cylinders 3 is adjusted and moved by the staff, the piston cylinder 3 will drive the rack 402 fixed on the outside thereof to move synchronously during its movement, and the gear 401 corresponding to the rack 402 is driven to rotate by means of the meshing of the rack 402 and the gear 401, and then the gear ring 4 is driven to rotate by means of the meshing of the gear 401 and the gear ring 4, and the rotation process of the gear ring 4 In the process, all the piston cylinders 3 move synchronously due to the meshing influence of the toothed ring 4 and all the surrounding gears 401, as well as the meshing influence of the gear 401 and the corresponding rack 402. When the positions of many claw members 2 are quickly adjusted, the staff only needs to slide one of the piston cylinders 3. Under the mutual meshing of the toothed ring 4, the gear 401 and the rack 402, all other piston cylinders 3 will slide synchronously, so as to realize the synchronous and rapid pre-adjustment of many claw members 2. There is no need to slide multiple piston cylinders 3 one by one to pre-adjust the positions of many claw members 2, which can effectively improve the convenience and flexibility of the device during actual use.

[0029] In the specific implementation process, Figure 3 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.14As shown, a spline rod 6 rotatably installed in a disc 102 is slidably inserted in the screw 501, a first bevel tooth 601 is rotatably installed at the axial position of the disc 102, and a second bevel tooth 602 meshing with the first bevel tooth 601 is fixedly installed at the end of the spline rod 6, and a connector 603 rotatably installed on the outer end wall of the disc 102 is fixed on one of the spline rods 6. During the use of the device, when the screw 501 is rotated to fine-tune the position of the slider 105 to achieve the clamping operation on the workpiece, the staff can insert a wrench into the connector 603, and in the process of holding the wrench and rotating it, the connector 603 can be driven to rotate. After the connector 603 rotates, it will drive the spline rod 6 fixedly connected to it to rotate. When one of the spline rods 6 is driven to rotate, it will drive the second bevel tooth 602 fixedly installed at its end to rotate. With the help of the first bevel tooth The meshing between the tooth 601 and the second bevel tooth 602 causes the first bevel tooth 601 to be driven to rotate, and then drives the other second bevel teeth 602 meshing around the outside of the first bevel tooth 601 to rotate, so that many spline rods 6 rotate synchronously. During the rotation of the spline rod 6, the screw 501 sleeved on the outside thereof will be driven to rotate. During the rotation of the screw 501, with the help of the threaded connection between the screw 501 and the slider 105, the slider 105 can be driven to move along the screw 501 in the shaft frame 5, thereby driving the claw member 2 to move slightly to firmly clamp the workpiece. The above-mentioned structural arrangement enables the device to control the synchronous rotation of many screws 501 only by applying rotational power from the connecting head 603, thereby controlling the synchronous movement of many surrounding sliders 105, which is conducive to improving the operating convenience of the device during clamping and use.

[0030] In the device, by setting the inner dimension of the screw 501 to match the outer dimension of the spline rod 6, the screw 501 can only slide axially on the spline rod 6, and the screw 501 cannot rotate radially relative to the spline rod 6, so that when the spline rod 6 rotates, the screw 501 is driven to rotate to drive the slider 105 to move stably, and the axial sliding connection between the screw 501 and the spline rod 6 allows the piston cylinder 3 to slide and drive the claw member 2 to quickly approach the workpiece, which will not interfere with the threaded connection between the slider 105 and the screw 501, which drives the slider 105 to drive the claw member 2 to move a small range to clamp the workpiece, which is beneficial to ensuring the stability of the device when quickly positioning and clamping the workpiece through dual control.

[0031] The device realizes synchronous sliding control of a plurality of piston cylinders 3 through the mutual engagement of the gear ring 4, the gear 401 and the rack 402, and realizes synchronous rotation control of a plurality of screw rods 501 through the axial sliding connection between the screw rod 501 and the spline rod 6, and the engagement of the first bevel tooth 601 and the second bevel tooth 602, so that a plurality of surrounding jaw members 2 can be simultaneously and synchronously moved toward the axial center position of the top cover 103 when the position is adjusted, so that the cylindrical workpiece can be clamped at the axial center position of the top cover 103, which is beneficial to realize automatic positioning and clamping of the axial center of the cylindrical workpiece.

[0032] In the specific implementation process, Figure 6 and Fig. 9 As shown, the third flow channel 308 penetrates backward to the back end wall of the disc 102, and a second annular groove 7 corresponding to the third flow channel 308 is opened on the front end wall of the base 1. A pipe joint 701 connected to the second annular groove 7 is fixedly installed on the outer end wall of the base 1. During the use of the device, the output pipe of the hydraulic pump is fixedly connected to the pipe joint 701, and hydraulic oil is supplied to the device through the pipe joint 701. The hydraulic oil enters the second annular groove 7 through the pipe joint 701, and then enters each first flow channel 306 through the third flow channel 308, so that the hydraulic oil processing and supply operation to the outer side of the arc-shaped elastic cylinder 304 in the first annular groove 303 can be realized. By opening the second annular groove 7 on the front end wall of the base 1, the disc 102 The third flow channel 308 opened inside extends backward to the rear end wall of the disc 102. When the disc 102 rotates to drive the third flow channel 308 to rotate, the moving trajectory of the third flow channel 308 coincides with the second annular groove 7. This ensures that the second annular groove 7 and the third flow channel 308 are always in a connected state during the rotation of the disc 102, which can effectively ensure the stability of the hydraulic oil supply to the outside of the arc-shaped elastic cylinder 304 in the first annular groove 303 by the staff through the hydraulic pump during the rotation of the disc 102. In addition, a rotating sealing structure is presented between the base 1 and the disc 102. This ensures that when the disc 102 and the base 1 rotate relative to each other, the hydraulic oil flowing between the second annular groove 7 and the third flow channel 308 will not leak, which is beneficial to ensuring the operating stability of the device.

[0033] In the specific implementation process, Figure 6 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10As shown, evenly distributed cavities 8 are provided in the top cover 103, a pump chamber 801 is provided at the front axial position of the base 1, a pump wheel 802 adapted to the internal size of the pump chamber 801 is fixed around the main shaft 101, a first channel 803 connected to the pump chamber 801 is provided in the base 1, a second channel 804 connected between one end of the cavity 8 and the pump chamber 801 is provided in the disc 102, a third channel 805 connected to the other end of the cavity 8 is provided in the disc 102, the other end of the first channel 803 is connected to the second annular groove 7, and the other end of the third channel 805 is also connected to the second annular groove 7, and there is an angle difference of 180° between the connecting position of the first channel 803 and the second annular groove 7, and the connecting position of the third channel 805 and the second annular groove 7.

[0034] During the use of the device, when the workpiece is clamped and fixed by the plurality of claw members 2, one end of the workpiece will fit tightly against the front side of the top cover 103, and the driving shaft in the turning machine controls the disc 102 to rotate, thereby driving the workpiece to rotate, which will drive the pump wheel 802 fixedly mounted on the main shaft 101 to rotate in the pump chamber 801. The pump wheel 802 rotates in the pump chamber 801 to generate a suction force. With the help of the suction force formed by the high-speed rotation of the pump wheel 802 in the pump chamber 801, the hydraulic oil in the second annular groove 7 enters the pump chamber 801 through the first channel 803, and then enters the cavity 8 opened in the top cover 103 through the connection of the second channel 804. The hydraulic oil flows in the cavity 8 in an orderly manner, and then flows back through the third channel 805. Into the second annular groove 7. During this process, the heat generated during the turning process of the workpiece is transferred to the top cover 103 through contact. Subsequently, during the flow of the hydraulic oil in the cavity 8, the heat can be quickly taken away, thereby achieving the purpose of assisting the workpiece in rapid heat dissipation during the turning process. In the device, since there is an angle difference of 180° between the connecting position of the first channel 803 and the second annular groove 7 and the connecting position of the third channel 805 and the second annular groove 7, there is a long distance between the two positions, which can prevent the high-temperature hydraulic oil in the cavity 8 from reflux into the second annular groove 7 after absorbing heat and then being immediately re-drawn into the cavity 8, which is beneficial to ensuring the stability of the device in assisting the heat dissipation during workpiece processing through the circulation of hydraulic oil.

[0035] In the specific implementation process, Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the back of the top cover 103 is rotatably mounted with the first baffle 9 and the second baffle 901 in sequence. The first baffle 9 and the second baffle 901 are both composed of a plurality of fan-shaped plates evenly distributed around the axial position of the top cover 103 and fixed to each other. The side of the fan-shaped plate close to the slider 105 is arranged as a bent structure shielding the back of the through slot 104. The inner axial position of the disk 102 is equipped with a torsion spring 902 elastically supported between the first baffle 9 and the second baffle 901. During the use of the device, the first baffle 9 and the second baffle 901 maintain a tendency to approach the slider 105 with the elastic support of the torsion spring 902. In the process of the slider 105 approaching the axial position of the top cover 103, the slider 105 supports the slider 105. When in use, the bent structures on the first baffle plate 9 and the second baffle plate 901 will move away from each other. Since the first baffle plate 9 and the second baffle plate 901 are both rotatably installed at the axial position on the back side of the top cover 103, the first baffle plate 9 and the second baffle plate 901 can achieve an operation of moving away from each other by rotating in opposite directions. As a result, during the sliding process of the slider 105, the first baffle plate 9 and the second baffle plate 901 cooperate with each other to always cover the through groove 104. The through groove 104 is covered by the mutual cooperation of the bent structures on the first baffle plate 9 and the second baffle plate 901, which helps to prevent debris generated during processing from easily entering the disc 102 through the through groove 104, thereby ensuring the stability of the device during actual use to a certain extent.

[0036] Specifically, the working principle and operation method of the present invention are as follows: The device is installed on a turning machine, so that the spindle 101 is fixed to the turning machine, the driving shaft on the turning machine is inserted into the slot 106, and the output end of the hydraulic pump is connected to the pipe joint 701, and the workpiece is placed between the plurality of jaws 2. The hydraulic pump simultaneously supplies hydraulic oil under pressure to the outer space of the arc-shaped elastic cylinder 304 in each first ring groove 303, so that the arc-shaped elastic cylinder 304 is separated from the inner end wall of the piston cylinder 3, and the sliding lock of the piston cylinder 3 is released. With the meshing of the gear ring 4, the gear 401 and the rack 402, the jaws 2 can be driven to quickly approach the outside of the workpiece by pushing. When the jaws 2 fit the outside of the workpiece, the pressurized supply of the hydraulic pump is released, and the arc-shaped elastic cylinder 304 fits tightly with the inner end wall of the piston cylinder 3 again, completing the sliding lock of the piston cylinder 3, and then through the connector 603. The spline rod 6 is driven to rotate, and with the help of the meshing of the first bevel tooth 601 and the second bevel tooth 602, the numerous spline rods 6 drive the screw rod 501 sleeved on the outside thereof to rotate synchronously. With the help of the threaded connection between the screw rod 501 and the slider 105, the slider 105 is driven to drive the claw member 2 to move finely, thereby completing the firm clamping of the workpiece. When the disc 102 is driven to drive the workpiece to rotate at high speed for turning, the spindle 101 drives the pump wheel 802 to rotate at high speed in the pump chamber 801 to generate a suction force, driving the hydraulic oil in the second annular groove 7 to circulate between the second annular groove 7 and the cavity 8 through the connection of the first channel 803, the second channel 804 and the third channel 805. The heat generated on the workpiece due to turning can be quickly taken out with the help of the flow of hydraulic oil after being transferred to the top cover 103, thereby realizing auxiliary heat dissipation of the workpiece during the processing.

[0037] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical processing device for processing a workpiece, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A main shaft (101) is rotatably mounted at the axis of the base (1), and a disk (102) arranged on the front of the base (1) is fixedly mounted on the main shaft (101). The front of the disk (102) is fixedly covered with a top cover (103), and the top cover (103) is provided with a plurality of through grooves (104) evenly distributed around the axis, each of the through grooves (104) is slidably mounted with a slider (105), a slot (106) is provided on the back of the main shaft (101), and a slider (105) is mounted on the slider (105). A claw member (2) is provided on the front side of the top cover (103), and the claw member (2) comprises a connecting plate (201) fixedly connected to the slider (105), a clamping column (202) is fixedly installed on one side of the connecting plate (201) close to the axis center of the top cover (103), a piston cylinder (3) arranged corresponding to the plurality of through grooves (104) is slidably installed in the disc (102), a piston rod (301) arranged parallel to the through groove (104) is slidably inserted on one end of the piston cylinder (3) away from the axis center of the disc (102), and the piston rod (301) is arranged parallel to the through groove (104), and the piston rod (301) is fixedly installed on the side of the connecting plate (201) close to the axis center of the top cover (103), and the piston rod (301) is fixedly installed on the side of the connecting plate (201) close to the axis center of the top cover (103), and the piston cylinder ... A piston head (302) adapted to the internal dimensions of the piston cylinder (3) is fixedly mounted at the end of the piston rod (301); the piston head (302) is slidably mounted in the piston cylinder (3); a first annular groove (303) is formed around the cylindrical surface of the piston head (302); and an arc-shaped elastic cylinder (304) elastically supported on the inner end wall of the piston cylinder (3) is formed around the first annular groove (303); a first flow channel (306) is formed in the piston rod (301); and a connection between the first flow channel (306) and the piston head (302) is formed in the piston head (302). A second flow channel (307) is formed between the first annular groove (303), and the opening of the second flow channel (307) is located outside the arc-shaped elastic cylinder (304); a third flow channel (308) communicating with the first flow channel (306) is formed in the disc (102); a shaft frame (5) is fixedly mounted on the piston cylinder (3), and a screw rod (501) parallel to the through groove (104) is rotatably mounted in the shaft frame (5); the slider (105) is slidably mounted in the shaft frame (5), and the slider (105) is threadedly connected to the screw rod (501).

2. The mechanical processing equipment for processing a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the clamping column (202) close to the axis center position of the top cover (103) is configured as a V-shaped structure, and the side of the clamping column (202) away from the axis center position of the top cover (103) is configured as a stepped structure.

3. The mechanical processing equipment for processing a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection plate (201) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed mounting holes (203), and bolts are inserted into the mounting holes (203). The connection plate (201) is firmly connected to the slider (105) via the bolts.

4. The mechanical processing equipment for processing a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylindrical surface of the piston head (302) is provided with sealing grooves located on both sides of the first annular groove (303), and a sealing ring (305) is sleeved in the sealing groove and fits tightly with the inner end wall of the piston cylinder (3).

5. The mechanical processing equipment for processing a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gear ring (4) coaxially arranged therewith is rotatably mounted in the disc (102), a plurality of gears (401) meshing with the gear ring (4) are rotatably mounted in the disc (102), and a rack (402) meshing with the gear (401) is fixedly mounted on the piston cylinder (3).

6. The mechanical processing equipment for processing a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spline rod (6) rotatably mounted in the disc (102) is slidably inserted in the screw rod (501), a first bevel tooth (601) is rotatably mounted at the axial position in the disc (102), a second bevel tooth (602) meshing with the first bevel tooth (601) is fixedly mounted at the end of the spline rod (6), and a connector (603) rotatably mounted on the outer end wall of the disc (102) is fixedly mounted on one of the spline rods (6).

7. The mechanical processing equipment for processing a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third flow channel (308) extends backwards to the back end wall of the disc (102); a second annular groove (7) corresponding to the third flow channel (308) is formed on the front end wall of the base (1); and a pipe joint (701) connected to the second annular groove (7) is fixedly mounted on the outer end wall of the base (1).

8. The mechanical processing equipment for processing a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top cover (103) is provided with uniformly distributed cavities (8), the front axis position of the base (1) is provided with a pump chamber (801), a pump wheel (802) adapted to the internal dimensions of the pump chamber (801) is fixed around the main shaft (101), a first channel (803) connected to the pump chamber (801) is provided in the base (1), a second channel (804) connected between one end of the cavity (8) and the pump chamber (801) is provided in the disc (102), and a third channel (805) connected to the other end of the cavity (8) is provided in the disc (102).

9. The mechanical processing equipment for processing a workpiece according to claim 8, characterized in that: The other end of the first channel (803) is in communication with the second annular groove (7), and the other end of the third channel (805) is also in communication with the second annular groove (7). There is an angular difference of 180° between the communication position of the first channel (803) and the second annular groove (7) and the communication position of the third channel (805) and the second annular groove (7).

10. The mechanical processing equipment for processing a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back side of the top cover (103) is rotatably mounted with a first baffle (9) and a second baffle (901), each of which is composed of a plurality of fan-shaped plates evenly distributed around the axial center of the top cover (103) and fixed to each other, and a side of the fan-shaped plate close to the slider (105) is arranged as a bent structure shielding the back side of the through groove (104), and a torsion spring (902) elastically supported between the first baffle (9) and the second baffle (901) is mounted at the axial center of the disk (102).

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