Permanent magnet maglev train

Abstract

The invention relates to a permanent magnet maglev train which comprises a train body, permanent magnet rails and sleepers, a linear motor primary is arranged in the middle of the bottom of a suspension frame, vehicle-mounted permanent magnets are arranged on the two sides of the bottom of the suspension frame respectively, and the vehicle-mounted permanent magnets on the two sides are located over the corresponding permanent magnet rails respectively; a linear motor secondary is laid in the middle of the line, and the linear motor secondary is located under the linear motor primary at the bottom of the suspension frame; steel rails are laid on the two sides of the line respectively, supporting wheels and guide wheels are arranged on the two sides of the bottom of the suspension frame respectively, the supporting wheels are connected to the top faces of the corresponding steel rails in a rolling mode, and the guide wheels are connected to the outer side faces of the corresponding steel rails in a rolling mode. The vehicle-mounted permanent magnets on the two sides and the corresponding lower permanent magnet rails are arranged in a staggered and offset mode. According to the invention, the vehicle-mounted permanent magnets on the vehicle body and the corresponding permanent magnet tracks below adopt a staggered bias design, so that the influence of the guiding force (transverse force) of the permanent magnet magnetic suspension system on the stability of the system can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of maglev trains, and in particular to a permanent magnet maglev train. Background Art

[0002] NdFeB, the "king of magnets", can absorb objects 640 times its own weight because of its high remanence and high magnetic energy product. It is widely used in the fields of electricity, electronics, new energy, medical care, aerospace, transportation, etc. In the field of transportation, the domestic permanent magnet maglev train is represented by the MAS permanent magnet maglev train of Shanghai Normal University and the "Red Track" permanent magnet maglev test line of Jiangxi University of Science and Technology. The permanent magnet maglev train relies on the mechanism of like poles repelling each other or unlike poles attracting each other to overcome gravity, through mechanical guidance or electromagnetic guidance. Figure 3-4 As shown in the figure, a vehicle-mounted permanent magnet with a longitudinal (line direction) length of 100mm can obtain a suspension force close to 8000N in the equilibrium position (X=0mm), but its guiding force is an unstable lateral force, and the maximum value exceeds 7000N. How to reduce the influence of the guiding force (lateral force) of the permanent magnet magnetic levitation system on the stability of the system and improve the lateral stability of the system has become the key to its engineering application. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to reduce the guiding force (lateral force) of a permanent magnet maglev system and simplify the guiding system, and improve the lateral stability of the system, the present invention provides a permanent magnet maglev train, which can enable the system to obtain lower guiding force and has a simpler guiding system.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A permanent magnet maglev train comprises a car body, a permanent magnet track and a sleeper, wherein the permanent magnet track is located at both sides of the sleeper and laid along the track, the bottom of the car body is connected to a suspension frame through a central traction pin arranged in the middle and shock absorbers arranged at both ends, a linear motor primary is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the suspension frame, and vehicle-mounted permanent magnets are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the suspension frame, and the vehicle-mounted permanent magnets on both sides are respectively located directly above the corresponding permanent magnet tracks; a linear motor secondary is laid along the middle of the track, and the linear motor secondary is located directly below the linear motor primary at the bottom of the suspension frame; steel rails are laid along both sides of the track, and support wheels and guide wheels are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the suspension frame, the support wheels are rollingly connected to the top surface of the corresponding steel rails, and the guide wheels are rollingly connected to the outer side surface of the corresponding steel rails; the vehicle-mounted permanent magnets on both sides are offset and arranged with respect to the corresponding permanent magnet tracks below.

[0005] Furthermore, the on-board permanent magnets on both sides are biased in different directions, that is, they are biased toward the center of the train or away from the center of the train respectively; or the on-board permanent magnets on both sides are biased in the same direction, that is, they are biased toward the same side of the train.

[0006] Furthermore, the vehicle-mounted permanent magnet is a single magnet combination structure of a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, a superconducting coil magnet, or a combination structure of any two or more.

[0007] Furthermore, when the vehicle-mounted permanent magnet is assembled using permanent magnets, its transverse structure is arranged according to a Halbach array.

[0008] Furthermore, the permanent magnet track is a single magnet combination structure of a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, a superconducting coil magnet, or a combination structure of any two or more.

[0009] Furthermore, when the permanent magnetic track is assembled using permanent magnets, its transverse structure is arranged according to a Halbach array.

[0010] Furthermore, the secondary of the linear motor is a single material of aluminum, copper, iron or a composite material metal conductive plate, a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, a superconducting wire magnet, or a combination of any two or more; the primary of the linear motor is a three-phase winding with an iron core or a hollow core.

[0011] Furthermore, the vehicle body and suspension frame are constructed using a single material selected from light aluminum alloy, carbon fiber plate, and steel, or any two or more materials.

[0012] Furthermore, the sleepers are manufactured by using wooden sleepers, steel sleepers, prefabricated concrete or on-site casting.

[0013] Furthermore, the support wheel and the guide wheel are made of stainless steel or nylon.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The on-board permanent magnets on the vehicle body of the present invention and the corresponding permanent magnet tracks below adopt a staggered offset design, which can reduce the influence of the guide force (lateral force) of the permanent magnet levitation system on the stability of the system. Specifically, the on-board permanent magnets on both sides of the vehicle body adopt different direction offsets to offset the lateral forces in opposite directions on both sides of the vehicle body, reduce the uncertain lateral force as much as possible, and then cooperate with the guide wheels to improve the lateral stability of the system. The on-board permanent magnets on both sides of the vehicle body adopt the same direction offset to convert the uncertain lateral force into a deterministic lateral force in the same direction, and cooperate with the guide wheels to constrain the lateral direction to ensure the lateral stability of the train running on the permanent magnet track. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the permanent magnet maglev train of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-section structure of the permanent magnet maglev train of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a three-pole Halbach permanent magnet track-permanent magnet levitation system; Figure 4 The curves of the guide force and suspension force of the permanent magnet levitation system changing with the lateral displacement; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the different (symmetrical) bias of the on-board permanent magnet; Figure 6 The curves of the guiding force of the left and right vehicle-mounted permanent magnets with lateral displacement under different (symmetrical) bias of the vehicle-mounted permanent magnets; Figure 7 The curves of guide force changing with lateral displacement under different (symmetrical) offsets; Figure 8 The curves of the suspension force changing with the lateral displacement under different (symmetrical) biases; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the same-direction bias of the vehicle-mounted permanent magnet; Fig.10 The curves of the guide force changing with the suspension height under different unidirectional offsets; Fig.11 This is the curve of the suspension force changing with the suspension height under different same-direction offsets. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] like Figure 1-11 As shown, a permanent magnet maglev train of the present invention comprises a vehicle body 1, a permanent magnet track 7 and a sleeper 8, wherein the permanent magnet track 7 is located on both sides of the sleeper 8 and is laid along the track, wherein a track support beam 14 for supporting the permanent magnet track 7 is provided on the sleeper 8.

[0017] The bottom of the vehicle body 1 is connected to the suspension frame 4 through a central traction pin 2 arranged in the middle and shock absorbers 3 arranged at both ends. A linear motor primary 12 is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the suspension frame 4. Both sides of the bottom of the suspension frame 4 are connected with vehicle-mounted permanent magnets 6 through permanent magnet adapter plates 5, and the vehicle-mounted permanent magnets 6 on both sides are respectively located directly above the corresponding permanent magnet tracks 7; a linear motor secondary 13 is laid along the middle of the line, and the linear motor secondary 13 is located directly below the linear motor primary 12 at the bottom of the suspension frame 4.

[0018] Rails 11 are laid along both sides of the line, and support wheels 9 and guide wheels 10 are provided on both sides of the bottom of the suspension frame 4. The support wheels 9 are rollingly connected to the top surface of the corresponding rails 11, and the guide wheels 10 are rollingly connected to the outer side surface of the corresponding rails 11.

[0019] The vehicle-mounted permanent magnets 6 on both sides are arranged to be offset from the corresponding permanent magnet tracks 7 below.

[0020] like Figure 5-8As shown, the vehicle-mounted permanent magnets 6 on both sides of the vehicle body 1 are biased in different directions, preferably symmetrically, and the guiding force of the left vehicle permanent magnet is opposite to the guiding force (lateral force) of the right vehicle-mounted permanent magnet 6 (see Figure 6 ), thereby offsetting the lateral forces in opposite directions on both sides of the vehicle body 1, reducing the uncertain lateral force as much as possible, and then cooperating with the guide wheel 10 to improve the lateral stability of the system. By increasing the symmetrical offset displacement a, the system guide force can be continuously reduced (see Figure 7 ), but at the same time it will lead to a decrease in the suspension force of the system (see Figure 8 ), so it is necessary to optimize the displacement a based on the actual load, and the value range of displacement a is 0~±20mm.

[0021] like Figure 9-11 As shown, the vehicle-mounted permanent magnets 6 on both sides of the vehicle body 1 are biased in the same direction. In this embodiment, the vehicle-mounted permanent magnets 6 on both sides are synchronously biased toward the right side of the vehicle body 1, converting the uncertain lateral force into a deterministic lateral force in the same direction, and using the guide wheel 10 for guidance, simplifying the system guidance device. By increasing the same-side bias displacement a, the system guidance force can be continuously increased (see Fig.10 ), thereby improving the system's guiding ability, but at the same time it will also reduce the system's suspension force (see Fig.11 ), therefore, the actual load of the structure is needed to optimize the displacement a, and the value range of displacement a is 0~±20mm.

[0022] In the present invention, the vehicle-mounted permanent magnet 6 is a single magnet combination structure of a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, a superconducting wire (belt) coil magnet, or a combination structure of any two or more. Preferably, when the vehicle-mounted permanent magnet 6 is assembled using a permanent magnet, its cross-sectional structure is composed of 7 magnets whose magnetization directions are horizontal to the right, vertically upward, horizontal to the left, vertically downward, horizontal to the right, vertically upward, and horizontal to the left, arranged in a Halbach array.

[0023] The permanent magnet track 7 is a single magnet combination structure of a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, a superconducting wire (belt) coil magnet, or a combination structure of any two or more. Preferably, when the permanent magnet track 7 is assembled with permanent magnets, its cross-sectional structure is composed of 7 magnets whose magnetization directions are horizontal to the right, vertically upward, horizontal to the left, vertically downward, horizontal to the right, vertically upward, and horizontal to the left, arranged in a Halbach array.

[0024] Preferably, the secondary 13 of the linear motor is made of 5 mm thick industrial pure aluminum; the primary 12 of the linear motor is a single-layer full-pitch three-phase winding with an iron core.

[0025] Preferably, the vehicle body 1 and the suspension frame 4 are constructed using a single material or any two or more materials selected from light aluminum alloy, carbon fiber plate (tube, cloth), and steel.

[0026] Preferably, the shock absorber 3 is an air shock absorber.

[0027] Preferably, the sleeper 8 is made of steel sleepers.

[0028] Preferably, the support wheel 9 and the guide wheel 10 are ball bearings made of stainless steel.

[0029] The above describes a specific embodiment of the present invention, but those skilled in the art should understand that this is only an example. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to this embodiment without departing from the principle and essence of the present invention, but these changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet maglev train, comprising a car body, a permanent magnet track and a sleeper, wherein the permanent magnet track is located on both sides of the sleeper and laid along the track, characterized in that: The bottom of the vehicle body is connected to the suspension frame through a central traction pin arranged in the middle and shock absorbers arranged at both ends. A linear motor primary is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the suspension frame, and vehicle-mounted permanent magnets are respectively arranged on both sides of the bottom of the suspension frame, and the vehicle-mounted permanent magnets on both sides are respectively located directly above the corresponding permanent magnet tracks; a linear motor secondary is laid along the middle of the line, and the linear motor secondary is located directly below the linear motor primary at the bottom of the suspension frame; steel rails are laid along both sides of the line, and support wheels and guide wheels are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the suspension frame, the support wheels are rollingly connected to the top surface of the corresponding steel rails, and the guide wheels are rollingly connected to the outer side surface of the corresponding steel rails; the vehicle-mounted permanent magnets on both sides are offset and arranged with respect to the corresponding permanent magnet tracks below.

2. A permanent magnet maglev train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The on-board permanent magnets on both sides are biased in different directions, that is, they are biased toward the center of the train or away from the center of the train respectively; or the on-board permanent magnets on both sides are biased in the same direction, that is, they are biased toward the same side of the train.

3. A permanent magnet maglev train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle-mounted permanent magnet is a single magnet combination structure of a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, a superconducting coil magnet, or a combination structure of any two or more.

4. A permanent magnet maglev train according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the vehicle-mounted permanent magnet is assembled using permanent magnets, its transverse structure is arranged according to the Halbach array.

5. A permanent magnet maglev train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permanent magnet track is a single magnet combination structure of a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, a superconducting coil magnet, or a combination structure of any two or more.

6. A permanent magnet maglev train according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the permanent magnetic track is assembled using permanent magnets, its transverse structure is arranged according to the Halbach array.

7. A permanent magnet maglev train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary of the linear motor is a single material of aluminum, copper, iron or a composite material metal conductive plate, a permanent magnet, an electromagnet, a superconducting wire magnet or a combination of any two or more; the primary of the linear motor is a three-phase winding with an iron core or a hollow core.

8. A permanent magnet maglev train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vehicle body and suspension frame are constructed of a single material selected from light aluminum alloy, carbon fiber plate, and steel, or any two or more materials.

9. A permanent magnet maglev train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sleepers are manufactured by using wooden sleepers, steel sleepers, prefabricated concrete or on-site casting.

10. A permanent magnet maglev train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting wheel and the guide wheel are made of stainless steel or nylon.

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