Internal combustion self-suction type field straw layered carbonization furnace

Abstract

The internal combustion self-suction type field straw layered carbonization furnace comprises a cylindrical furnace body, a conical grate plate is arranged at the lower position of a furnace cavity in the furnace body, and the furnace cavity is divided into a raw material cavity at the upper end and an ignition furnace cavity at the lower end by the grate plate; a plurality of air inlet pipes are sequentially arranged on the furnace body from top to bottom, each air inlet pipe is provided with an air inlet valve, the air inlet valves control opening and closing of the air inlet pipes, and when straw is combusted in the furnace cavity, the air inlet pipes are sequentially and alternately opened from bottom to top, so that the straw is sequentially combusted in the furnace cavity from bottom to top; one end of the annular air distribution type combustor is communicated with the furnace cavity of the furnace body through an exhaust pipe, the other end of the annular air distribution type combustor is connected with a chimney, and self-suction force is provided for an air distribution system for straw pyrolysis in the furnace cavity. Combustion can be achieved without the help of an external heat source and an air inducing system, the structure is simple, operation is convenient, combustion can be conducted in outdoor fields, generated pyrolysis gas is directly combusted after being ignited, and the environment-friendly effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an internal combustion self-priming field straw layered carbonization furnace, belonging to the technical field of straw carbonization furnaces. Background Art

[0002] my country is rich in straw resources, and about 200 million tons of straw are discarded on the spot every year. Straw burning not only pollutes the environment but also causes a waste of resources, so the resource utilization of straw has always received widespread attention. Pyrolysis carbonization technology can effectively improve the resource utilization of straw, and people have begun to pay attention to the pyrolysis carbonization of straw. However, there are few straw carbonization devices that do not require electricity in the fields. Secondly, when the existing carbonization devices are heated and carbonized, the straw is heated unevenly, resulting in low carbonization efficiency.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the internal combustion field straw carbonization furnace is proposed. The equipment does not need electricity and can realize the function of straw carbonization in the field. It can realize the carbonization of materials layer by layer from bottom to top, improve thermal efficiency, and the air inlets are arranged in a staggered manner to make the carbonization of materials more uniform.

[0004] Patent CN 114181724A proposes a low-energy straw carbonization system, including a stirring device for stirring the raw material into a paste, a granulating device for making the raw material into granules, a carbonization device for carbonizing the granular raw material, and a carbon removal device; the carbonization device uses high-temperature gas to carbonize the granular material. The present invention can ensure efficient carbonization of the raw material under low energy consumption. However, the system needs power supply to operate, the structure is relatively complex, and the operation is difficult.

[0005] Patent CN216639383U discloses a straw carbonization furnace, including a furnace body, a heating chamber is provided in the furnace body, a carbonization liner is provided in the heating chamber, and a heater is provided at the bottom of the heating chamber; a rotating shaft is provided in the carbonization liner, and a plurality of long stirring rods and a plurality of short stirring rods are provided on the side walls on both sides of the rotating shaft; the present invention has a simple structure and a novel design. The structural design of the long stirring rod, the short stirring rod and the spiral blade is adopted, which can carry out a wide range of material stirring without producing a stirring dead angle. Although it solves the problem of uneven carbonization, it relies on heating by a heater, has high energy consumption, and is not suitable for use in the field.

[0006] In summary, the prior art obviously has inconveniences and defects in practical use, so it is necessary to improve it. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the background technology, the present invention provides an internal combustion self-priming field straw stratified carbonization furnace, which can burn and pyrolyze without the aid of an external heat source and an induced draft system. It has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can be carried out outdoors in the fields. The produced pyrolysis gas can be directly burned after ignition, which is more environmentally friendly.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An internal combustion self-priming field straw layered carbonization furnace comprises a cylindrical furnace body, a conical grate plate is provided at the lower position of the furnace cavity in the furnace body, and the grate plate divides the furnace cavity into a raw material cavity at the upper end and an ignition furnace cavity at the lower end; The furnace body is provided with a plurality of air inlet pipes arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and each air inlet pipe is provided with an air inlet valve, which controls the opening and closing of the air inlet pipe. When the straw is burned in the furnace cavity, the air inlet pipes are opened in sequence from bottom to top, so that the straw is burned in the furnace cavity from bottom to top. It also includes an annular air distribution burner, one end of which is connected to the furnace cavity of the furnace body through an exhaust pipe, and the other end is connected to the chimney, providing self-suction force for the air distribution system of straw pyrolysis in the furnace cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of conical baffles are arranged at equal intervals from top to bottom in the raw material chamber of the furnace chamber, and the conical baffles include a downwardly tapered conical cylinder and a cylinder arranged at the lower end of the conical cylinder, and the outer wall of the cylinder and the inner wall of the furnace chamber form an annular air distribution channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the air inlet pipe is arranged at the air distribution channel of the furnace body, so that the air inlet pipe and the air distribution channel are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0011] Furthermore, two upper and lower adjacent air inlet pipes are disposed on both sides of the furnace body.

[0012] Furthermore, the upper end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the top of the raw material chamber, the lower end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the ignition furnace chamber, a three-way pipe is provided in the middle section of the exhaust pipe, the upper and lower ends of the three-way pipe are connected to the exhaust pipe, and the horizontal end of the three-way pipe is connected to the chimney.

[0013] Furthermore, an upper control valve is provided at the upper end of the exhaust pipe located at the three-way pipe, and a lower control valve is provided at the lower end of the exhaust pipe located at the three-way pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, an annular air distribution type burner is provided between the horizontal end of the three-way pipe and the chimney, an air inlet is installed on the shell of the annular air distribution type burner, and a pyrolysis gas ignition port is provided at the bottom of the chimney.

[0015] Furthermore, an observation port is provided on the side wall of the chimney.

[0016] Furthermore, a plurality of temperature sensors are arranged on the furnace body, and a temperature sensor is correspondingly installed in each conical baffle, and each temperature sensor detects the temperature of each layer in the furnace cavity.

[0017] Furthermore, a charcoal outlet and an ignition furnace port are provided on the side wall of the furnace body, the charcoal outlet is located at the bottom of the raw material cavity, and the ignition furnace port is located at the bottom of the ignition furnace cavity.

[0018] After adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. The furnace body is arranged with multiple air inlet pipes from top to bottom, and each air inlet pipe is installed with an air inlet valve. The air inlet valve controls the opening and closing of the air inlet pipe. When the straw burns in the furnace cavity, the air inlet pipes are opened in turn from bottom to top, so that the straw is burned and pyrolyzed from bottom to top in the furnace cavity, and the air flowing into the air inlet pipe is fully utilized to concentrate the combustion of the corresponding layer of straw, so that the combustion is more thorough and not easy to extinguish.

[0019] 2. The chimney is connected to the furnace cavity through the exhaust pipe. When the pyrolysis gas burns at the annular air distribution burner, it generates suction force on the furnace cavity, which can create negative pressure in the furnace cavity. The chimney is long, thus forming a natural suction force on the furnace cavity, so there is no need to rely on external heat sources and induced draft systems for combustion. It has a simple structure and is easy to operate, and can be carried out outdoors in the fields.

[0020] 3. The lower end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the ignition furnace chamber, a three-way pipe is provided in the middle section of the exhaust pipe, the upper and lower ends of the three-way pipe are connected to the exhaust pipe, the horizontal end of the three-way pipe is connected to the chimney, an upper control valve is provided at the upper end of the three-way pipe, and a lower control valve is provided at the lower end of the exhaust pipe located at the three-way pipe. In the actual production process, upper suction exhaust or lower suction exhaust can be adopted according to different needs.

[0021] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the furnace; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the furnace including the chimney from another angle.

[0023] In the figure, 1-furnace body, 2-furnace cover, 3-conical baffle, 4-air inlet pipe, 5-air inlet valve, 6-grate plate, 7-charcoal outlet, 8-ignition furnace mouth, 9-temperature sensor, 10-air distribution channel, 11-water seal groove, 12-exhaust pipe, 13-upper control valve, 14-lower control valve, 15-annular air distribution burner, 16-air inlet, 17-chimney, 18-observation port, 19-pyrolysis gas ignition port, 20-raw material cavity, 21-ignition furnace cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides an internal combustion self-priming field straw layered carbonization furnace, including a cylindrical furnace body 1, a conical grate plate 6 is provided at the lower position of the furnace cavity in the furnace body 1, and the grate plate 6 divides the furnace cavity into a raw material cavity 20 at the upper end and an ignition furnace cavity 21 at the lower end; the raw material cavity 20 is much larger than the volume of the ignition furnace cavity 21.

[0026] The furnace body 1 is provided with a plurality of air inlet pipes 4 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and an air inlet valve 5 is installed on each air inlet pipe 4. The air inlet valve 5 controls the opening and closing of the air inlet pipe 4. When the straw burns in the furnace cavity, the air inlet pipes 4 are opened in sequence from bottom to top, so that the straw burns and pyrolyzes in the furnace cavity from bottom to top, and the air flowing into the air inlet pipe 4 is fully utilized to concentrate the combustion of the corresponding layer of straw, so that the combustion is more thorough and not easy to extinguish.

[0027] The present invention further comprises an annular air distribution burner 15, one end of which is connected to the furnace chamber of the furnace body 1 through the exhaust pipe 12, and the other end is connected to the chimney 17, so as to form a self-suction force on the pyrolysis gas distribution system in the furnace chamber. When the pyrolysis gas burns at the annular air distribution burner 15, a suction force is generated on the furnace chamber, and the suction force provides a self-suction force for the air distribution system for pyrolysis of straw in the furnace chamber.

[0028] A plurality of conical baffles 3 are arranged at equal intervals from top to bottom in the raw material chamber 20 of the furnace chamber, and the conical baffles 3 include a conical cylinder that tapers downward and a cylinder arranged at the lower end of the conical cylinder, and the outer wall of the cylinder and the inner wall of the furnace chamber form an annular air distribution channel 10, and the air inlet pipe 4 is arranged at the air distribution channel 10 of the furnace body 1, so that the air inlet pipe 4 and the air distribution channel 10 are arranged one by one.

[0029] Furthermore, two upper and lower adjacent air inlet pipes 4 are disposed on both sides of the furnace body 1. The air enters the furnace cavity from the air distribution channel 10, rather than directly from the air inlet pipe 4. The air distribution channel 10 plays a role in uniform air distribution, allowing air to enter the furnace cavity from the lower end of the conical baffle 3 around the periphery, so that the air enters the furnace cavity relatively uniformly; however, the air flowing into the furnace cavity from the air distribution channel 10 near the air inlet pipe 4 is relatively more, but through the two adjacent air inlet pipes 4 disposed on both sides of the furnace body 1, the air is alternately introduced from both sides of the furnace body 1, ensuring the uniformity of air inflow and ensuring uniform carbonization.

[0030] A charcoal outlet 7 and an ignition furnace port 8 are provided on the side wall of the furnace body 1 . The charcoal outlet 7 is located at the bottom of the raw material chamber 20 , and the ignition furnace port 8 is located at the bottom of the ignition furnace chamber 21 .

[0031] A discharge port is provided at the top of the furnace body 1 , and a top cover 2 is provided at the discharge port. A water sealing groove 11 is provided around the top cover 2 for sealing the top cover 2 .

[0032] A small amount of dry firewood is used to ignite the fire in the ignition furnace chamber 21. The chimney 17 is connected to the furnace chamber through the exhaust pipe 12. The chimney 17 is relatively long. The pyrolysis gas generates a suction force on the furnace chamber when burning at the annular air distribution burner 15, which can generate a negative pressure in the furnace chamber, thereby forming a natural suction force on the furnace chamber, so that there is no need to rely on an external heat source and an induced draft system for combustion. The structure is simple and easy to operate, and it can be carried out outdoors in the fields.

[0033] Each air intake pipe 4 is equipped with an air intake valve 5. After the air intake valve 5 is opened, air will be sucked in to participate in the carbonization reaction. It is ensured that only one air intake valve 5 is opened at the same time. They are opened from bottom to top in sequence to carbonize layer by layer. Since the negative pressure generated by the chimney 17 is limited, the air intake pipes 4 are alternately ventilated. At the same time, only a certain layer of straw is burned and carbonized, making the carbonization more thorough.

[0034] The upper end of the exhaust pipe 12 is connected to the top of the raw material chamber 20, and the lower end of the exhaust pipe 12 is connected to the ignition furnace chamber 21. A three-way pipe is provided in the middle section of the exhaust pipe 12, and the upper and lower ends of the three-way pipe are connected to the exhaust pipe 12. The horizontal end of the three-way pipe is connected to the chimney 17.

[0035] The exhaust pipe 12 is provided with an upper control valve 13 at the upper end of the three-way pipe, and a lower control valve 14 is provided at the lower end of the three-way pipe. When the upper control valve 13 is opened and the lower control valve 14 is closed, the furnace body 1 is in an upward exhaust mode, and when the upper control valve 13 is closed and the lower control valve 14 is opened, the furnace body 1 is in a downward exhaust mode. When the upper exhaust mode is selected, the straw burns faster and the production efficiency is high; when the lower exhaust mode is selected, the adaptability of the straw is relatively good, the quality of the charcoal after combustion is better, and the tar content is less. In the actual production process, the upper exhaust mode or the lower exhaust mode can be used according to different needs, or the upper exhaust mode and the lower exhaust mode can be used intermittently in a production process. For example, when the lower exhaust mode is used, ignition is difficult, and the upper exhaust mode can be used first, and then the lower exhaust mode can be used after the fire is lit.

[0036] The annular air distribution burner 15 is arranged between the horizontal end of the three-way pipe and the chimney 17. An air inlet 16 is installed on the shell of the annular air distribution burner 15, and a pyrolysis gas ignition port 19 is provided at the bottom of the chimney 17. When the pyrolysis gas generated after combustion in the furnace body 1 passes through the annular air distribution burner 15, air is sucked in from the air inlet 16, the air is mixed with the pyrolysis gas, and ignited at the pyrolysis gas ignition port 19, so as to prevent the pyrolysis gas from being directly discharged and polluting the air.

[0037] An observation port 18 is provided on the side wall of the chimney 17 for observing the combustion of the pyrolysis gas in the chimney 17 .

[0038] A plurality of temperature sensors 9 are provided on the furnace body 1. A temperature sensor 9 is correspondingly installed in each conical baffle 3. Each temperature sensor 9 detects the temperature of each layer in the furnace cavity. When it is detected that the temperature of the lower layer reaches the specified temperature, the air intake valve 5 on the air intake pipe 4 of the lower layer is closed, and the air intake valve 5 of the air intake pipe 4 of the upper layer is opened. When the air intake pipe 4 is opened, air flows into the furnace cavity from the air distribution channel 10 corresponding to the air intake pipe 4, which plays a role in assisting the combustion of the straw in this layer. The air intake valves 5 are opened in sequence from top to bottom to carbonize the straw in the furnace cavity layer by layer.

[0039] The specific working principle of the present invention: A conical grate plate 6 is provided at the lower position of the furnace cavity in the furnace body 1, and the raw material cavity 20 at the upper end of the grate plate 6 is used to place straw (the humidity cannot be too high), and the ignition furnace cavity 21 at the lower end of the grate plate 6 is used to ignite. A plurality of conical baffles 3 are arranged at equal intervals from top to bottom in the raw material cavity of the furnace cavity, and the conical baffles 3 and the inner wall of the furnace cavity form a ring-shaped air distribution channel 10, and the air intake pipe 4 is arranged at the air distribution channel 10 of the furnace body 1, so that the air intake pipe 4 and the air distribution channel 10 are arranged one by one, and each air intake pipe 4 is installed with an air intake valve 5, and the air intake pipe 4 is opened in turn from bottom to top, so that the straw is discharged from bottom to top in the furnace cavity. Burn in sequence; one end of the exhaust pipe 12 is connected to the furnace chamber of the furnace body 1, and the other end is connected to the chimney 17 through the annular air distribution burner 15. The chimney 17 is relatively long. When the pyrolysis gas burns at the annular air distribution burner 15, a suction force is generated on the furnace chamber, which can generate a negative pressure in the furnace chamber, thereby forming a natural suction force on the furnace chamber, so that there is no need to rely on an external heat source and an induced draft system for combustion. Only a sensor with a weak current power supply is needed to complete the carbonization combustion. The structure is simple and easy to operate. It can be carried out outdoors in the fields. The produced pyrolysis gas is ignited and then burned to avoid air pollution, which is more environmentally friendly.

[0040] The above is an example of the best implementation of the present invention, and the parts not described in detail are common knowledge of ordinary technicians in the field. The protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the content of the claims, and any equivalent transformation based on the technical enlightenment of the present invention is also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An internal combustion self-priming field straw layered carbonization furnace, characterized in that: The furnace body (1) comprises a cylindrical furnace body, wherein a conical grate plate (6) is provided at the lower position of a furnace chamber in the furnace body (1), and the grate plate (6) divides the furnace chamber into a raw material chamber (20) at the upper end and an ignition chamber (21) at the lower end; The furnace body (1) is provided with a plurality of air intake pipes (4) arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and each air intake pipe (4) is provided with an air intake valve (5), and the air intake valve (5) controls the opening and closing of the air intake pipe (4). When the straw is burned in the furnace cavity, the air intake pipes (4) are opened in sequence from bottom to top, so that the straw is burned and pyrolyzed in sequence from bottom to top in the furnace cavity; It also includes an annular air distribution burner (15), one end of which is connected to the furnace chamber of the furnace body (1) through an exhaust pipe (12), and the other end of which is connected to a chimney (17), so as to provide self-suction force for the air distribution system for pyrolysis of straw in the furnace chamber.

2. The internal combustion self-priming field straw layered carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of conical baffles (3) are arranged at equal intervals from top to bottom in the raw material chamber of the furnace chamber, wherein the conical baffles (3) include a conical cylinder that tapers downward and a cylinder arranged at the lower end of the conical cylinder, and the outer wall of the cylinder and the inner wall of the furnace chamber form an annular air distribution channel (10).

3. The internal combustion self-priming field straw layered carbonization furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe (4) is arranged at the air distribution channel (10) of the furnace body (1), so that the air inlet pipe (4) and the air distribution channel (10) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

4. The internal combustion self-priming field straw layered carbonization furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two upper and lower adjacent air inlet pipes (4) are disposed on both sides of the furnace body (1).

5. The internal combustion self-priming field straw layered carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the exhaust pipe (12) is connected to the top of the raw material chamber (20), and the lower end of the exhaust pipe (12) is connected to the ignition furnace chamber (21). A three-way pipe is provided in the middle section of the exhaust pipe (12), and the upper and lower ends of the three-way pipe are connected to the exhaust pipe (12), and the horizontal end of the three-way pipe is connected to the chimney (17).

6. The internal combustion self-priming field straw layered carbonization furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: An upper control valve (13) is provided at the upper end of the exhaust pipe (12) located on the three-way pipe, and a lower control valve (14) is provided at the lower end of the exhaust pipe (12) located on the three-way pipe.

7. The internal combustion self-priming field straw layered carbonization furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The annular air distribution burner (15) is arranged between the horizontal end of the three-way pipe and the chimney (17), an air inlet (16) is installed on the shell of the annular air distribution burner (15), and a pyrolysis gas ignition port (19) is provided at the bottom of the chimney (17).

8. The internal combustion self-priming field straw layered carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: An observation port (18) is provided on the side wall of the chimney (17).

9. The internal combustion self-priming field straw layered carbonization furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of temperature sensors (9) are arranged on the furnace body (1), and a temperature sensor (9) is correspondingly installed in each conical baffle (3), and each temperature sensor (9) detects the temperature of each layer in the furnace cavity.

10. The internal combustion self-priming field straw layered carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A charcoal outlet (7) and an ignition furnace outlet (8) are provided on the side wall of the furnace body (1); the charcoal outlet (7) is located at the bottom of the raw material cavity (20), and the ignition furnace outlet (8) is located at the bottom of the ignition furnace cavity (21).

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