Air energy carrier

Abstract

The invention relates to an air energy carrier, which adopts stored liquid air as a driving energy source of the carrier, has the characteristics of cleanness, environmental protection and safety, has the advantages of a pure electric vehicle, and has obvious expected social and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an air energy carrier (liquid air is referred to as liquid air, the same below), and in particular to an air energy carrier which uses liquid air energy storage to generate cold power. Background Art

[0002] Traditional vehicles such as cars, diesel vehicles, airplanes and ships use oil and gas as fuel to drive engines or internal combustion engines to provide driving power. The fuel combustion process will inevitably produce thermal pollution and pollutants, such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides brought into the fuel and produced during the combustion process, dioxins, etc., which cause harm to human health and the environment.

[0003] As a representative of new energy vehicles, pure electric vehicles have a strong development momentum and are driven by policies to replace gasoline and gas vehicles. However, pure electric vehicles currently have certain problems: the driving range is generally short, usually within 300 kilometers, which is significantly less than that of fuel and gas vehicles; the charging time is long, usually taking several hours, and charging is not convenient enough; the battery life is limited, the number of charge and discharge times is limited, and it needs to be replaced regularly, and the recycling and disposal of batteries needs to be solved urgently; there are many batteries, and many battery modules are connected in series and parallel. If there is a cold solder joint between the battery welding points or joints, it is very easy to heat up, and the fire accidents caused are difficult to rescue and have great harm.

[0004] The air-energy car reported in the report uses high-pressure air stored in a high-pressure gas tank as its power source. It is clean and environmentally friendly, but its energy storage density is low.

[0005] Therefore, finding clean and environmentally friendly new energy sources for launch vehicles is worthy of in-depth research and is of great significance. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide an air energy carrier, which uses liquid air as an energy carrier and drives the carrier through a cold cycle. It has the advantages of being clean and environmentally friendly. As long as the storage and transportation costs and distribution issues of liquid air are solved, there will be a broad space for survival. The implementation process of the liquid air energy carrier is as follows:

[0007] When releasing energy:

[0008] The liquid air in the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 or the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 enters the No. 1 condenser 8, and the No. 1 condenser 8 absorbs the cold released by the transported liquid air, liquefies the gaseous working medium 15 discharged from the No. 1 gas turbine 13, and then vaporizes it through the No. 1 circulating pump 9 and the No. 1 evaporator 10. The formed gaseous working medium enters the No. 1 gas turbine 13 to expand and do work, and drives the No. 1 working device 14 (such as the No. 1 generator 14) to do work or generate electricity. The gaseous working medium 15 discharged from the No. 1 gas turbine 13 enters the No. 1 condenser 8 again to absorb cold and liquefy, thereby forming a No. 1 working medium Rankine cycle working circuit; the high-pressure gaseous air 16 coming out of the No. 1 condenser 8 enters the air turbine 17 to expand and do work, and drives the gas turbine working device 18 (such as the gas turbine generator The exhaust gas of the air turbine 17, i.e., the low-temperature gaseous air 19, enters the No. 2 condenser 21 to release the cold and then is discharged to become the exhaust gas 22. The exhaust gas 22 can be used as a cold source for a cold storage or air conditioning system, etc.; the No. 2 condenser 21 absorbs the cold released by the low-temperature gaseous air 19, liquefies the No. 2 gaseous working medium 27, sends it to the No. 2 circulating pump 23 for pressurization, and then is gasified by the No. 2 evaporator 24. The formed gaseous working medium enters the No. 2 gas turbine 25 to expand and do work, and drives the No. 2 working device 26 (such as the No. 2 generator 26) to do work or generate electricity. The No. 2 gaseous working medium 27 discharged from the No. 2 gas turbine 25 enters the No. 2 condenser 21 again to absorb the cold and be liquefied, thereby forming a No. 2 working medium Rankine cycle work loop.

[0009] The first working fluid in the first Rankine cycle power generation circuit and the second working fluid in the second Rankine cycle power generation circuit have a boiling point of less than -10°C under standard atmospheric pressure, and are both low-boiling-point working fluids, such as CN2013100293794 steam Rankine-low-boiling-point working fluid Rankine combined cycle power generation device, CN2013100293775 extraction type steam Rankine-low-boiling-point working fluid Rankine combined cycle power generation device, etc., which provide further descriptions of low-boiling-point working fluids. In the application, propane can be used as the working fluid of the first and second Rankine cycle power generation circuits.

[0010] Preferably, the first power generator 14, the turbine power generator 18 and the second power generator 25 select corresponding generators for recovering and converting the expansion work of the corresponding turbines.

[0011] The heating medium of the No. 1 evaporator 10, such as the gasification medium 11, can be selected from air or water at room temperature. The liquid No. 1 working medium is heated in the No. 1 evaporator 10 to vaporize the No. 1 working medium. The gasification medium 11 with a reduced temperature coming out of the No. 1 evaporator 10, i.e., the cooling medium 12, can be used as a cold source to supply cold to a refrigeration air conditioner or a cooling cold source. The heating medium of the No. 2 evaporator 24, such as the heat medium 30, can be selected from air or water at room temperature. The liquid No. 2 working medium is heated in the No. 2 evaporator 24 to vaporize the No. 2 working medium. The heat medium 30 with a reduced temperature coming out of the No. 2 evaporator 24, i.e., the cooling medium 31, can be used as a cold source to supply cold to a cold unit such as a refrigeration air conditioner.

[0012] A low-pressure vaporizer 1 is provided: one end of the low-pressure vaporizer 1 is connected to the bottom liquid side of the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the top gas side of the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 through a pipeline; when the low-pressure and low-temperature liquid air stored in the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 releases energy, the pressure in the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 decreases, and the low-pressure and low-temperature liquid air in the low-pressure vaporizer 1 is heated to be vaporized and enter the top gas space of the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3, thereby maintaining the pressure in the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 stable.

[0013] A high-pressure vaporizer 2 is provided: one end of the high-pressure vaporizer 2 is connected to the bottom liquid side of the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the top gas side of the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 through a pipeline; when the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air stored in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 releases energy, the pressure in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 decreases, and the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air in the high-pressure vaporizer 2 is heated to be vaporized and enter the top gas space of the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5, thereby maintaining the pressure in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 stable.

[0014] The heater in the low-pressure gasifier 1 or the high-pressure gasifier 2 is made of metal coils or finned tubes, etc. The heating medium is preferably air, and the heating medium preferably contains less water to avoid ice clogging of the heater due to improper operation.

[0015] A pressure regulating pump 7 is provided: when the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air stored in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 releases energy, the pressure in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 decreases, and the pressure of the liquid air is output by the pressure regulating pump 7 to maintain the pressure of the high-pressure gaseous air 16 stable. The pressure regulating pump 7 adopts a variable frequency speed regulation operation mode to maintain the stability of the output pressure.

[0016] When the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 increases in pressure due to heat absorption, a gas release expansion cooling circuit is provided: the gaseous air discharged from the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 is expanded and works by the air turbine 17 to reduce the pressure and temperature, and enters the subsequent equipment to recover the cold before being discharged.

[0017] Two or three of the No. 1 gas turbine 13, the air turbine 17 and the No. 2 gas turbine 25 can be coaxially arranged and combined with corresponding power generators (such as generators).

[0018] The first power plant 14, the turbine power plant 18 and the second power plant 26 are mechanical energy conversion devices (such as traction fans, compressors, hydraulic pumps, etc.) or generators.

[0019] When the No. 1 working fluid in the No. 1 Rankine cycle power circuit and the No. 2 working fluid in the No. 2 Rankine cycle power circuit use the same working fluid, the corresponding circulating pump, evaporator, gas turbine, and gas turbine power device can be combined, and the gaseous working fluid coming out of the gas turbine enters the No. 1 condenser 8 and the No. 2 condenser 21 for liquefaction respectively, and the generated liquid working fluid merges and enters the circulating pump, evaporator, and gas turbine, and the generated gaseous working fluid enters the No. 1 condenser 8 and the No. 2 condenser 21 for liquefaction respectively, forming a composite Rankine cycle power circuit.

[0020] The first power generator 14, the pneumatic power generator 18 or the second power generator 26 described in the present invention charges the battery of the carrier when a DC or AC generator is used.

[0021] Equipment and its systems, pipelines, instruments, valves, cold preservation, bypass facilities with regulating functions, etc. not described in the present invention are matched with reference to or in accordance with mature technologies in well-known traditional processes.

[0022] The equipment and pipelines in the present invention adopt necessary heat recovery, cooling recovery, quality recovery and other measures.

[0023] Parts not mentioned in the present invention, such as safety accessories, automatic control, etc., are matched with existing well-known technologies, that is, existing mature, reliable and reasonable technical measures are applied to this device.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] 1. Compared with the existing carriers, the present invention provides a new liquid air power mode, which has the real characteristics of new energy, clean and environmentally friendly process, and has advantages that oil and gas fuel carriers do not have. Compared with the battery pack of pure electric vehicles, the battery usage is reduced by about 80%;

[0026] 2. Compared with the energy used by existing carriers, the liquid air in the present invention has easy-to-obtain raw materials and can be obtained through air separation or air liquefaction devices. Liquid air is easy to store and transport;

[0027] 3. Compared with the existing carrier energy technology, the liquid air used in the present invention has high energy storage density and good safety performance;

[0028] 4. Compared with existing carrier energy technology, the liquid air energy drive technology used in the present invention has a large living space and can be used as a distributed energy station to supply cold, electricity and gas;

[0029] 5. Compared with existing carrier energy technologies, the liquid air energy drive technology adopted by the present invention is particularly suitable for refrigerated or frozen carriers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the process flow of an air energy carrier.

[0031] Figure 1 In: 1- low-pressure vaporizer, 2- high-pressure vaporizer, 3- low-pressure liquid storage tank, 4- high-pressure pump, 5- high-pressure liquid storage tank, 6- pressure relief valve, 7- pressure regulating pump, 8- No. 1 condenser, 9- No. 1 circulating pump, 10- No. 1 evaporator, 11- gasification medium, 12- cooling medium, 13- No. 1 gas turbine, 14- No. 1 power generator (such as No. 1 generator), 15- gaseous working medium, 16- high-pressure gaseous air, 17- air turbine, 18- gas turbine power generator (such as gas turbine generator), 19- low-temperature gaseous air, 20- pressure relief pipeline, 21- No. 2 condenser, 22- exhaust gas, 23- No. 2 circulating pump, 24- No. 2 evaporator, 25- No. 2 gas turbine, 26- No. 2 power generator (such as No. 2 generator), 27- No. 2 gaseous working medium, 30- heat medium, 31- refrigerant. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Embodiment 1:

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, an air energy carrier, the carrier implementation process is as follows:

[0035] When releasing energy:

[0036] The liquid air in the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 or the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 enters the No. 1 condenser 8, and the No. 1 condenser 8 absorbs the cold released by the transported liquid air, liquefies the gaseous working medium 15 discharged from the No. 1 gas turbine 13, and then vaporizes it through the No. 1 circulating pump 9 and the No. 1 evaporator 10. The formed gaseous working medium enters the No. 1 gas turbine 13 to expand and do work, driving the No. 1 generator 14 to generate electricity. The gaseous working medium 15 discharged from the No. 1 gas turbine 13 enters the No. 1 condenser 8 again to absorb cold and liquefy, thereby forming a No. 1 working medium Rankine cycle work loop; the high-pressure gaseous air 16 coming out of the No. 1 condenser 8 enters the air turbine 17 to expand and do work, driving the gas turbine generator 18 To generate electricity, the exhaust gas of the air turbine 17, i.e., the low-temperature gaseous air 19, enters the No. 2 condenser 21 to release the cold and then is discharged to become the exhaust gas 22. The exhaust gas 22 can be used as a cold source for cold storage or air-conditioning systems, etc.; the No. 2 condenser 21 absorbs the cold released by the low-temperature gaseous air 19, liquefies the No. 2 gaseous working fluid 27, sends it to the No. 2 circulation pump 23 for pressurization, and then is vaporized by the No. 2 evaporator 24. The formed gaseous working fluid enters the No. 2 gas turbine 25 to expand and do work, driving the No. 2 generator 26 to generate electricity. The No. 2 gaseous working fluid 27 discharged from the No. 2 gas turbine 25 enters the No. 2 condenser 21 again to absorb cold and liquefy, thereby forming a No. 2 working fluid Rankine cycle work loop.

[0037] The first working fluid in the first Rankine cycle power generation circuit and the second working fluid in the second Rankine cycle power generation circuit have a boiling point of less than -10°C under standard atmospheric pressure, and are both low-boiling-point working fluids, such as CN2013100293794 steam Rankine-low-boiling-point working fluid Rankine combined cycle power generation device, CN2013100293775 extraction type steam Rankine-low-boiling-point working fluid Rankine combined cycle power generation device, etc., which provide further descriptions of low-boiling-point working fluids. In the application, propane can be used as the working fluid of the first and second Rankine cycle power generation circuits.

[0038] Preferably, the first power generator 14, the turbine power generator 18 and the second power generator 25 select corresponding generators for recovering and converting the expansion work of the corresponding turbines.

[0039] The heating medium of the No. 1 evaporator 10, such as the gasification medium 11, can be selected from air or water at room temperature. The liquid No. 1 working medium is heated in the No. 1 evaporator 10 to vaporize the No. 1 working medium. The gasification medium 11 with a reduced temperature coming out of the No. 1 evaporator 10, i.e., the cooling medium 12, can be used as a cold source to supply cold to a refrigeration air conditioner or a cooling cold source. The heating medium of the No. 2 evaporator 24, such as the heat medium 30, can be selected from air or water at room temperature. The liquid No. 2 working medium is heated in the No. 2 evaporator 24 to vaporize the No. 2 working medium. The heat medium 30 with a reduced temperature coming out of the No. 2 evaporator 24, i.e., the cooling medium 31, can be used as a cold source to supply cold to a cold unit such as a refrigeration air conditioner.

[0040] A low-pressure vaporizer 1 is provided: one end of the low-pressure vaporizer 1 is connected to the bottom liquid side of the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the top gas side of the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 through a pipeline; when the low-pressure and low-temperature liquid air stored in the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 releases energy, the pressure in the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 decreases, and the low-pressure and low-temperature liquid air in the low-pressure vaporizer 1 is heated to be vaporized and enter the top gas space of the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3, thereby maintaining the pressure in the low-pressure liquid storage tank 3 stable.

[0041] A high-pressure vaporizer 2 is provided: one end of the high-pressure vaporizer 2 is connected to the bottom liquid side of the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the top gas side of the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 through a pipeline; when the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air stored in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 releases energy, the pressure in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 decreases, and the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air in the high-pressure vaporizer 2 is heated to be vaporized and enter the top gas space of the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5, thereby maintaining the pressure in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 stable.

[0042] The heater in the low-pressure gasifier 1 or the high-pressure gasifier 2 is made of metal coils or finned tubes, etc., and the heating medium is preferably air to avoid ice clogging of the heater due to improper operation.

[0043] A pressure regulating pump 7 is provided: when the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air stored in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 releases energy, the pressure in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 decreases, and the output pressure is adjusted by the pressure regulating pump 7 to maintain the pressure of the high-pressure gaseous air 16 stable. The pressure regulating pump 7 adopts a variable frequency speed regulation operation mode to maintain the stability of the output pressure.

[0044] When the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air in the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 increases in pressure due to heat absorption, a gas release expansion cooling circuit is provided: the gaseous air discharged from the high-pressure liquid storage tank 5 is expanded and works by the air turbine 17 to reduce the pressure and temperature, and enters the subsequent equipment to recover the cold before being discharged.

[0045] Two or three of the No. 1 gas turbine 13, the air turbine 17 and the No. 2 gas turbine 25 can be coaxially arranged and combined with corresponding generators.

[0046] When the No. 1 working fluid in the No. 1 Rankine cycle power circuit and the No. 2 working fluid in the No. 2 Rankine cycle power circuit use the same working fluid, the corresponding circulating pump, evaporator, gas turbine, and gas turbine power device can be combined, and the gaseous working fluid coming out of the gas turbine enters the No. 1 condenser 8 and the No. 2 condenser 21 for liquefaction respectively, and the generated liquid working fluid merges and enters the circulating pump, evaporator, and gas turbine, and the generated gaseous working fluid enters the No. 1 condenser 8 and the No. 2 condenser 21 for liquefaction respectively, forming a composite Rankine cycle power circuit.

[0047] The first power generator 14, the pneumatic power generator 18 or the second power generator 26 described in the present invention uses a DC generator to charge the battery of the carrier.

[0048] Parts not mentioned in the present invention, such as safety accessories, instruments, meters, automatic control, etc., are equipped with existing well-known technologies, and existing mature, reliable and reasonable technical measures can be applied to this device.

[0049] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, they are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art can make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which also belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be based on the definition of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An air energy carrier, characterized in that: When releasing energy: The liquid air in the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) or the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) enters the first condenser (8), and the first condenser (8) absorbs the cold released by the transported liquid air, liquefies the gaseous working medium (15) discharged from the first gas turbine (13), and then vaporizes it through the first circulation pump (9) and the first evaporator (10). The formed gaseous working medium enters the first gas turbine (13) to expand and perform work, and drives the first work unit (14) to perform work. The gaseous working medium (15) discharged from the first gas turbine (13) enters the first condenser (8) again to absorb cold and liquefy, thereby forming a No. 1 working medium Rankine cycle work circuit; the high-pressure gaseous air (16) coming out of the first condenser (8) enters the air turbine (17) to expand The exhaust gas of the air turbine (17), i.e., the low-temperature gaseous air (19), enters the No. 2 condenser (21) to release the cold and then be discharged to become the exhaust gas (22); the No. 2 condenser (21) absorbs the cold released by the low-temperature gaseous air (19), liquefies the No. 2 gaseous working medium (27), sends it to the No. 2 circulating pump (23) for pressure increase, and then is gasified by the No. 2 evaporator (24). The formed gaseous working medium enters the No. 2 gas turbine (25) to expand and perform work, driving the No. 2 working unit 26 to perform work. The No. 2 gaseous working medium (27) discharged from the No. 2 gas turbine (25) enters the No. 2 condenser (21) again to absorb the cold and be liquefied, thereby forming a No. 2 working medium Rankine cycle work loop.

2. The air energy carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: A low-pressure vaporizer (1) is provided: one end of the low-pressure vaporizer (1) is connected to the bottom liquid side of the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the top gas side of the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) through a pipeline; when the low-pressure and low-temperature liquid air stored in the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) releases energy, the pressure in the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) decreases, and the low-pressure and low-temperature liquid air in the low-pressure vaporizer (1) is heated to vaporize and enter the top gas space of the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3), thereby maintaining the pressure in the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) stable; Alternatively, a high-pressure vaporizer (2) is provided: one end of the high-pressure vaporizer (2) is connected to the bottom liquid side of the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) through a pipeline, and the other end is connected to the top gas side of the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) through a pipeline; when the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air stored in the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) releases energy, the pressure in the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) decreases, and the high-pressure and low-temperature liquid air in the high-pressure vaporizer (2) is heated to vaporize and enter the top gas space of the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5), thereby maintaining the pressure in the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) stable.

3. The air energy carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure regulating pump (7) is provided: when the liquid air stored in the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) or the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) releases energy, the pressure in the low-pressure liquid storage tank (3) or the high-pressure liquid storage tank (5) decreases, and the output pressure is adjusted by the pressure regulating pump (7) to maintain the pressure of the high-pressure gaseous air (16) stable.

4. The air energy carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two or three of the No. 1 gas turbine 13, the air turbine 17 and the No. 2 gas turbine 25 are arranged coaxially.

5. The air energy carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the first working fluid in the first Rankine cycle power circuit and the second working fluid in the second Rankine cycle power circuit are the same working fluid, the corresponding circulating pump, evaporator, gas turbine, and gas turbine power generator can be combined, and the gaseous working fluid from the gas turbine enters the first condenser (8) and the second condenser (21) for liquefaction respectively, and the generated liquid working fluid merges and enters the circulating pump, evaporator, and gas turbine, and the generated gaseous working fluid enters the first condenser (8) and the second condenser (21) for liquefaction respectively, thereby forming a composite Rankine cycle power circuit.

6. The air energy carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust gas (22) after the second condenser (21) releases the cold is used as a cold source for cold supply.

7. The air energy carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gasified fluid (11) with reduced temperature coming out of the first evaporator (10), i.e., the cooling medium (12), serves as a cooling source to supply cooling to the outside.

8. The air energy carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat medium (30) with reduced temperature coming out of the No. 2 evaporator (24), i.e., the refrigerant (31), serves as a cold source to supply cooling to the outside.

9. The air energy carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first power generator (14), the turbine power generator (18) and the second power generator (26) are mechanical energy conversion devices or generators.

10. The air energy carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first power generator (14), the turbine power generator (18) and the second power generator (26) use direct current generators to charge the storage battery of the carrier.

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