Vacuum laser collimation monitoring system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a vacuum laser alignment monitoring system and method. The vacuum laser alignment monitoring system comprises a laser detection unit, a laser emission unit, a vacuum forming system and a laser control unit, wherein the laser detection unit comprises a vacuum sealing measuring point box. In a vacuum environment, the relative displacement of a laser beam and the point measuring box is detected and recorded by using the vacuum sealing point measuring box, and a smaller error is achieved under the condition of considering that a transmitting end generates tiny torsion. And under the condition of considering the vacuum system, the measuring point box has a smaller volume and is suitable for more application scenes. The vacuum laser collimation monitoring system and method provided by the invention can adapt to a great part of working conditions in engineering, and an effective monitoring method is provided for engineering monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of large-scale building deformation measurement, in particular to a vacuum laser collimation deformation measurement system and method. Background Art

[0002] In water conservancy projects, vacuum laser alignment system is an important means of monitoring dam body displacement. At present, vacuum laser alignment system is often placed on the dam top surface or dam body corridor to monitor the horizontal and vertical displacement of the dam.

[0003] At present, the existing vacuum laser alignment monitoring system is to pass a laser beam through a vacuum pipe in the form of a spherical wave, set a Fresnel zone plate at the part to be measured, and the Fresnel zone plate converges the spherical wave to the receiving end. The light spot at the receiving end is collected by a two-dimensional camera set at the receiving end, and then the displacement of the part to be measured is calculated through the triangle conversion formula.

[0004] Although it takes into account that the laser drift inside the vacuum pipe has little effect on the system measurement, it does not take into account the drift and rotation of the laser itself and the structure that fixes the laser emitter. In addition, the spherical wave used results in a larger area of ​​the wave zone plate at the measuring point, which also leads to a larger cross-section of the entire system. The longer the system is, the larger the cross-sectional area is. This results in many engineering sites in actual projects not having installation conditions, which makes the existing vacuum laser alignment monitoring system only applicable to a few engineering scenarios.

[0005] There is also a laser collimation deformation measurement system, China Patent Law Publication No. CN116518865A, Publication Date August 1, 2023, the name of the invention is a laser collimation deformation measurement system and method, which uses a laser beam to pass through several laser detection units, set up photoelectric sensors and detectors in the laser detection units, and then calculate the position coordinate changes of the laser beam and the shape and size changes of the scattered imaging through the terminal unit. Its disadvantage is that when the laser beam is applied to a longer distance (>80m) for measurement, the laser propagates in the atmosphere and passes through multiple laser detection units. Due to the refraction, attenuation and micro-drifting of the laser beam, the collimated beam itself, which is the reference of the entire system, has a large error, which in turn causes a large measurement error of the entire system and cannot meet actual requirements; in addition, the patent does not explain the position coordinates and shape and size of the beam, and the actual system measurement cannot be completed by relying on this patent.

[0006] Therefore, the problems existing in the prior art need to be further improved and developed. Summary of the invention

[0007] (I) Purpose of the invention: In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a vacuum laser alignment monitoring system and method with smaller error and longer application distance.

[0008] (II) Technical solution: In order to solve the above technical problems, the present technical solution provides a vacuum laser alignment monitoring system, including a laser emitting unit, a laser detection unit, a laser control unit, and a vacuum forming unit.

[0009] The laser detection unit includes multiple position detection modules, which include a vacuum-sealed measuring point box and a light beam position measuring device. The multiple position detection modules are respectively fixed at different detection points of the object to be measured. The multiple position detection modules are connected and sealed in sequence to form a linear cavity, and the vacuum forming unit evacuates the linear cavity.

[0010] The position detection module receives the laser detection signal from the laser control unit, enters and exits the optical path through the imaging screen of the vacuum-sealed measuring point box, and uses the beam position measurement device to record the position of the detection point on the laser beam.

[0011] When the laser control unit receives the laser detection signal at multiple detection points for the nth measurement, the relative displacement of the vacuum sealed measurement point box relative to the laser beam between the laser emitting end and the laser receiving end is calculated by the difference between the relative displacement and the relative displacement corresponding to the initial measurement at the multiple detection points to calculate the actual displacement of the object to be measured.

[0012] Furthermore, the laser detection unit also includes an elastic part, a sealing flat crystal, and a measuring point box sealing plug. The multiple position detection modules are connected in sequence through the elastic part to form a linear channel with openings at both ends. The sealing flat crystal seals the front end of the linear channel, and the measuring point box sealing plug seals the end of the linear channel to form a linear cavity sealed at both ends. When the laser emitting unit is connected to the laser detection unit, the linear cavity has a laser emitting end and a laser receiving end.

[0013] Furthermore, the laser emitting end includes the laser emitting unit, the sealed flat crystal, or includes the laser emitting unit, the sealed flat crystal and the position detection module; the laser receiving end includes the measuring point box sealing plug, or includes the measuring point box sealing plug and the position detection module.

[0014] Furthermore, the laser emitting unit includes a laser light source, or a laser light source and a light source adjustment device that are separately arranged from the position detection module.

[0015] Furthermore, the elastic member includes an expansion joint and a vacuum pipeline, and the expansion joint is connected to the position detection module. When multiple detection points are displaced and / or the vacuum pipeline expands or contracts due to heat, the elastic member adaptively stretches or shortens to ensure that the position detection module fits the part to be measured.

[0016] Furthermore, the vacuum-sealed measuring point box is a box body with openings at both ends, and there are holes on the top and sides of the box body, a transparent light window is installed at the position of the hole, and the light beam position measuring device is installed at the position of the transparent light window; the vacuum-sealed measuring point box includes an imaging screen, a rotating component, and a measuring point box control module; the rotating component includes a motor and a rotating shaft, the motor drives the imaging screen to rotate inside the vacuum-sealed measuring point box, the rotating shaft and the imaging screen are located inside the vacuum-sealed measuring point box, and the measuring point box control module is arranged on the side of the vacuum-sealed measuring point box, receives the laser detection signal, and causes the rotating component to drive the imaging screen to rotate.

[0017] Furthermore, the rotating imaging screen is colored glass or colloid that can produce the Tyndall effect, and the length and width of the rotating imaging screen are both greater than the measurement range of the vacuum laser alignment monitoring system, so that the laser beam forms a laser beam image on the rotating imaging screen, and the thickness of the imaging screen is greater than 1 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the relative displacement includes a relative displacement in the horizontal direction X and a relative displacement in the vertical direction Y, and the beam position measuring device includes a first beam position measuring device and a second beam position measuring device; the first beam position measuring device is located at the top of the vacuum sealed measuring point box, receives the laser detection signal, measures and records the relative displacement in the horizontal direction X, and the second beam position measuring device is located at the side of the vacuum sealed measuring point box, receives the laser detection signal, measures and records the relative displacement in the vertical direction Y.

[0019] Furthermore, the laser detection signal includes the serial number of the vacuum-sealed measuring point box, a rotation opening instruction, and a measurement instruction. The measuring point box control module of the vacuum-sealed measuring point box with the corresponding serial number receives the rotation opening instruction in the laser detection signal, and the light beam position measuring device on the vacuum-sealed measuring point box with the corresponding serial number receives the measurement instruction in the laser detection signal.

[0020] Furthermore, the control unit calculates the actual displacement according to the triangular collimation method, and the calculation formula for the actual displacement measured for the nth time is as follows: .

[0021] A vacuum laser alignment monitoring method, Step 1: Multiple position detection modules are respectively fixed at different detection points of the object to be detected, and are sequentially connected to form a linear cavity, and the linear cavity is vacuumed; Step 2: The position detection module receives the laser detection signal, enters and exits the optical path through the imaging screen of the vacuum-sealed measuring point box, and uses the beam position measurement device to record the position of the detection point on the laser beam; Step 3: When the laser control unit receives the laser detection signal at multiple detection points for the nth measurement, the relative displacement of the vacuum sealed measurement point box relative to the laser beam between the laser emitting end and the laser receiving end is calculated by the difference between the relative displacement and the relative displacement corresponding to the initial measurement at the multiple detection points to calculate the actual displacement of the object to be measured.

[0022] (III) Beneficial effects: The vacuum laser alignment monitoring system and method provided by the present invention can eliminate the problem of large measurement errors caused by laser beam refraction, drift or twisting by considering the slight twisting of the transmitting end in a vacuum environment. The imaging screens are inserted into the laser optical path in sequence and then withdrawn from the optical path after measurement. The problem of serious beam attenuation caused by multiple imaging screens resulting in a short measurement length of the entire measurement system can be eliminated. The use of colored glass to produce the Tyndall effect can greatly simplify the complexity of beam imaging. In short, the vacuum laser alignment monitoring system and method provided by the present invention can adapt to most working conditions in engineering and provide an effective monitoring method for engineering monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vacuum laser alignment monitoring system of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser emitting end and an elastic member in a first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a vacuum sealed measuring point box and a light beam position measuring device of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the vacuum sealed measuring point box of the present invention when the imaging screen is parallel to the laser beam; Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the vacuum sealed measuring point box of the present invention when the imaging screen is perpendicular to the laser beam; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser receiving end and the telescopic joint in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the measurement process of the position detection module; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a calculation method for a vacuum laser alignment monitoring system; Fig. 9The present invention is a schematic diagram of the method steps applicable to a vacuum laser alignment monitoring system.

[0024] Figure numerals: 100 - laser light source, 101 - laser beam, 200 - laser detection unit, 201 - sealed flat crystal, 210 - vacuum sealed measuring point box, 211 - imaging screen, 212 - rotating component, 213 - beam position measuring device, 214 - measuring point box control module, 202 - measuring point box plug, 203 - vacuum pipeline, 204 - expansion joint, 300 - laser control unit, 400 - vacuum forming unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with preferred embodiments. More details are described in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention can obviously be implemented in a variety of other ways different from this description, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations and deductions based on actual application situations without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited by the content of this specific embodiment.

[0026] The accompanying drawings are schematic diagrams of embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings are only examples and are not drawn to scale, and should not be used to limit the actual protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] The present invention provides a vacuum laser alignment monitoring system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a laser emitting unit, a laser detection unit 200, a laser control unit 300, and a vacuum forming unit 400, wherein the laser control unit 300 is respectively connected to the laser emitting unit, the laser detection unit 200, and the vacuum forming unit 400, and is used to control the operation of the entire system and monitor the calculation and storage of displacement results.

[0028] The laser emitting unit is fixed to the head end of the object to be measured along the first direction, receives the beam signal of the laser control unit 300, and generates or shuts down the laser beam 101 along the first direction.

[0029] Wherein, the laser emitting unit includes but is not limited to a laser light source 100, that is, the laser emitting unit may include a laser light source, or may include a laser light source and a light source adjustment device that are separately arranged from the position detection module. The laser light source 100 emits a laser beam 101 along the first direction. The beam signal includes a beam opening instruction and a beam closing instruction. When the vacuum laser alignment monitoring system is measuring, the laser control unit 300 sends a beam opening instruction to the laser emitting unit, and the laser light source 100 receives the beam opening instruction to generate a laser beam 101. The first direction is a direction parallel to the length direction of the object to be measured and is also a direction in which one end of the object to be measured points to the other end of the object to be measured. When the laser emitting unit includes a light source adjustment device, the light source adjustment device can adjust the laser beam emitted by the laser light source.

[0030] The object to be tested can be any large structure such as a high-speed railway track, a dam, a bridge, a tunnel, etc. The object to be tested includes a plurality of detection points, including but not limited to a head end and a tail end.

[0031] The laser detection unit 200 includes a plurality of position detection modules. Figure 3 As shown, the position detection module includes a vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 and a beam position measuring device 213. The multiple position detection modules are respectively fixed at different detection points of the object to be measured. The multiple position detection modules are connected and sealed in sequence to form a linear cavity. The vacuum forming unit 400 evacuates the linear cavity.

[0032] The position detection module receives the laser detection signal from the laser control unit 300 , enters and exits the optical path through the imaging screen 211 of the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 , and uses the beam position measurement device 213 to record the position of the detection point on the laser beam 101 .

[0033] Among them, Figure 3 As shown, the beam position measuring device 213 includes a first beam position measuring device and a second beam position measuring device. The first beam position measuring device is located on the top of the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 , and the second beam position measuring device is located on the side of the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 .

[0034] The laser detection unit 200 also includes an elastic member, a sealing flat crystal 201, and a measuring point box sealing plug 202. The vacuum sealing measuring point boxes 210 in the multiple position detection modules are sequentially connected through the elastic member to form a linear channel with two ends open. The sealing flat crystal 201 seals the front end of the linear channel, and the measuring point box sealing plug seals the end of the linear channel, thus forming a linear cavity with two ends sealed. When the laser emitting unit is connected to the laser detection unit, the linear cavity has a laser emitting end and a laser receiving end.

[0035] The vacuum-sealed measuring point box 210 in the multiple position detection modules is fixed on different detection points of the object to be measured in turn along the first direction, and the beam position measuring device 213 measures and records the position of the laser beam 101 at different detection points on the laser beam 101 in the linear cavity. The laser detection unit 200 has an initial end and a receiving end. The initial end can be set but not limited to being set at the head end of the object to be measured, and the receiving end can be set but not limited to being set at the end of the object to be measured. The initial end and the receiving end are the positions of the position detection module in the linear cavity. Wherein, when the initial end is located at the head end of the object to be measured, the sealing flat crystal 201 seals the front end of the vacuum-sealed measuring point box 210 at the initial end, and when the receiving end is located at the end of the object to be measured, the measuring point box sealing plug seals the rear end of the vacuum-sealed measuring point box 210 at the receiving end. That is, when the initial end is located at the head end of the object to be measured, the laser emitting end includes the laser emitting unit, the sealed flat crystal and the position detection module; when the initial end is not located at the head end of the object to be measured, the laser emitting end includes the laser emitting unit and the sealed flat crystal. When the receiving end is located at the end of the object to be measured, the laser receiving end includes the measuring point box sealing plug and the position detection module; when the receiving end is not located at the end of the object to be measured, the laser receiving end only includes the measuring point box sealing plug.

[0036] The position of the laser beam 101 is the relative displacement between the laser beam 101 and the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 . Specifically, the relative displacement includes a relative displacement in a horizontal direction X and a relative displacement in a vertical direction Y.

[0037] The laser beam 101 extends from the initial end to the receiving end in the linear cavity, and passes through a plurality of vacuum-sealed measuring point boxes 210 in sequence. That is, when the initial end is located at the head end of the object to be measured and the receiving end is located at the end of the object to be measured, the laser beam 101 extends from the laser emitting end to the laser receiving end in the linear cavity. In the present invention, the situation where the initial end is located at the head end of the object to be measured and the receiving end is located at the end of the object to be measured is described in detail. The number of the vacuum-sealed measuring point boxes 210 can be set according to actual engineering requirements, and is not required here. In actual engineering processing, the length of the object to be measured can be greater than 100 meters, and there is no restriction on the specific length requirement. It is only necessary to divide the object to be measured into corresponding sections to be measured, and set a detection point in the middle of each section to be measured, and set the vacuum-sealed measuring point box 210 at the detection point position, so that the displacement of the object to be measured can be measured.

[0038] The elastic member includes an expansion joint 204 and a vacuum pipeline. The expansion joint 204 is connected to the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210. When multiple detection points are displaced and / or the vacuum pipeline is thermally expanded or contracted, the elastic member adaptively stretches or shortens to ensure that the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 can fit the part to be measured.

[0039] That is to say, when the vacuum sealing point box 200 is set at different detection points, in order to ensure that the vacuum sealing point box 210 can be more closely fitted to the part to be tested, the front and rear ends of the vacuum sealing point box 210 located in the linear cavity are connected to the telescopic joint 204. When the initial end is located at the head end of the object to be tested, the vacuum sealing point box 210 is connected to the telescopic joint 204 at the rear end, and when the receiving end is located at the end of the object to be tested, the vacuum sealing point box 210 is connected to the telescopic joint 204 at the front end. Among them, the number of the telescopic joints 204 and the vacuum pipelines 203 matches the number of the vacuum sealing point boxes, that is, the telescopic joints 204 and the vacuum pipelines 203 connect all the set vacuum sealing point boxes without omission.

[0040] The vacuum forming unit 400 is connected to the vacuum pipeline 203 at the end of the laser detection unit 200 . The vacuum forming unit 400 performs a vacuum process on the linear cavity sealed at both ends, so that the laser beam 101 is in a vacuum environment.

[0041] When the vacuum laser alignment monitoring system is measuring, after the laser beam 101 is generated, the laser control unit 300 sends a laser detection signal to the laser detection unit 200, wherein the laser detection signal includes the serial number of the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210, a rotation opening instruction, and a measurement instruction. The serial numbers of the vacuum sealed measuring point boxes 210 in the linear cavity are 1, 2, ..., m from the initial end to the receiving end, wherein m is a positive integer, the initial end is 1, and the receiving end is m. When the vacuum laser alignment monitoring system is measuring, the position of the laser beam 101 at the initial end is first measured and recorded, and the position of the laser beam 101 at the receiving end is secondly measured and recorded to determine the baseline at the initial measurement, and finally the position of the laser beam 101 at different detection points between the initial end and the receiving end is measured and recorded.

[0042] That is, during measurement, the laser detection unit 200 receives the laser detection signal, first measures the relative position of the laser beam 101 of the No. 1 vacuum sealed measuring point box 210, and after the No. 1 vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 is measured, the measurement completion signal is fed back to the laser control unit 300, and the laser control unit 300 receives the signal and sends a signal to the No. m vacuum sealed measuring point box 210, so that the No. m vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 performs measurement, and after the No. m vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 is measured, the measurement completion signal is fed back to the laser control unit 300, and the laser control unit 300 receives the signal and sends a signal to the No. 2 vacuum sealed measuring point box 210, ... and then performs the next measurement until the (m-1) measuring points are all measured. After the laser control unit 300 receives the signal after the (m-1)th vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 is measured, the initial measurement of the object to be measured is completed, and the laser control unit 300 sends a beam closing instruction to the laser emitting unit, and the laser emitting unit receives the beam closing instruction to close the laser beam 101. It should be noted that when the system is measuring, the laser light source 100 of the laser emitting unit emits a laser beam, and the laser beam 101 is injected from the sealed flat crystal 201 of the linear cavity, passes through the entire vacuum pipeline and several vacuum sealed measuring point boxes 210 in the middle, and extends to the receiving end. In the subsequent n-th measurement, the laser light source 100 re-emits a laser beam, and the laser beam 101 is also injected from the sealed flat crystal 201 of the linear cavity, passes through the linear cavity, and extends to the receiving end.

[0043] More specifically, the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 includes a box body, an imaging screen 211, a rotating component 212, and a measuring point box control module 214. The rotating component 212 includes a rotating shaft and a motor. The box body is open at both ends, and there are holes on the top and side of the box body. A transparent light window is installed at the position of the hole. The transparent light window is a circular optical transparent glass. The beam position measuring device 213 collects the image of the laser beam through the transparent light window. The beam position measuring device 213 is installed at the position of the transparent light window. The motor is located at the top or inside of the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210, driving the imaging screen 211 to rotate inside the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210. The rotating shaft and the imaging screen 211 are located inside the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210. The measuring point box control module 214 is set on the side of the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210, receives the laser detection signal, and enables the rotating component 212 to drive the imaging screen 211 to rotate. Among them, the imaging screen 211 is colored glass or colloid that can produce the Tyndall effect. The length and width of the imaging screen 211 are greater than the measurement range of the vacuum laser collimation monitoring system, so that the laser beam 101 forms a laser beam 101 image on the imaging screen 211. The thickness of the imaging screen 211 is greater than 1 mm.

[0044] During measurement, the multiple position detection modules receive the laser detection signal from the laser control unit 300, enter the optical path in sequence through the imaging screen 211 in the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210, and then exit the optical path, and use the beam position measurement device 213 to measure the position of the laser beam 101 in the horizontal direction X and the vertical direction Y at different detection points, and transmit the measurement information and feedback information of different measurement points to the laser control unit 300, which is stored and calculated by the laser control unit 300. Among them, the measurement information is the position of the laser beam 101 measured at different detection points in the laser detection unit 200, that is, the relative displacement in the horizontal direction X and the relative displacement in the vertical direction Y of each detection point. The feedback information is the feedback measurement completion signal of each measurement point.

[0045] The position detection module receives the laser detection signal sent by the laser control unit 300 , which means that the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 and the beam position measuring device 213 receive the laser detection signal sent by the laser control unit 300 and measure the position of the laser beam 101 .

[0046] Specifically, the measuring point box control module 214 of the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 of the corresponding serial number receives the rotation opening instruction in the laser detection signal, and the beam position measuring device 213 on the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 of the corresponding serial number receives the measurement instruction in the laser detection signal, that is, the first beam position measuring device receives the laser detection signal, measures and records the horizontal X relative displacement of the laser beam 101, and the second beam position measuring device receives the laser detection signal, measures and records the vertical Y relative displacement of the laser beam 101. The first beam position measuring device and the second beam position measuring device may both include an optical lens and a linear array camera, or may include an optical lens and a planar array camera; wherein the optical lens is located at one end close to the transparent light window, and the linear array camera or the planar array camera is located at one end away from the transparent light window.

[0047] like Figure 7 As shown, the specific measurement process is: Step 101: After receiving the laser detection signal, the control module 204 sends a rotation opening instruction to the rotating component 212 to energize the rotating component 212, and the rotating component 212 drives the rotating imaging screen 211 to rotate 90° clockwise to enter the optical path.

[0048] When the imaging screen 211 enters the optical path for measurement, the imaging screen is perpendicular to the laser beam. Figure 5 shown.

[0049] Step 102: The first beam position measuring device 213 receives the laser detection signal and measures and records the relative displacement of the laser beam 101 in the horizontal direction X, and feeds back a horizontal direction X measurement completion signal to the measuring point box control module. After receiving the laser detection signal, the second beam position measuring device 213 measures and records the relative displacement of the laser beam 101 in the vertical direction Y, and feeds back a vertical direction Y measurement completion signal to the measuring point box control module.

[0050] Step 103: The measuring point box control module receives the measurement completion signal fed back in the horizontal direction X and the vertical direction Y, feeds back the measurement completion signal to the control unit, and sends a rotation closing instruction to the rotating component 212, and the rotating component 212 drives the imaging screen 211 to rotate 90° counterclockwise to exit the optical path.

[0051] When the imaging screen 211 exits the optical path and does not perform measurement, the imaging screen 211 is parallel to the laser beam 101. Figure 4 shown.

[0052] After all the position detection modules in the laser detection unit 200 have completed the relative position measurement of the laser beam 101, the initial measurement is completed. When the vacuum laser alignment monitoring system is initially measured, the center line between the laser emitting end and the laser receiving end is used as the initial measurement reference line. When the vacuum laser alignment monitoring system is measured for the nth time, the above measurement is repeated, and the center line between the nth measurement of the laser emitting end and the nth measurement of the laser receiving end is used as the nth measurement reference line.

[0053] The vacuum forming unit 400 receives the vacuuming signal sent by the laser control unit 300, and performs vacuuming on the linear cavity, so that the generated laser beam 101 passes through the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 in sequence under the vacuum environment. Specifically, the laser control unit 300 sends a vacuum opening instruction or a vacuum closing instruction to the vacuum forming unit 400, and the vacuum forming unit receives the vacuum opening instruction or the vacuum closing instruction and performs corresponding operations.

[0054] The vacuum forming unit 400 includes a vacuum forming device 401 and a vacuum pipeline 203. The vacuum forming device 401 performs a vacuum process on the linear cavity formed by the detection unit through the vacuum pipeline 203, so that the relative position of the laser beam 101 and each of the vacuum sealed measuring point boxes 210 is measured and recorded in a vacuum environment. The vacuum forming device can be a vacuum pump or other vacuum pumping device, which is not limited in the present invention.

[0055] The laser control unit 300 is connected to the laser emitting unit, the laser detection unit 200, and the vacuum forming unit through a communication line or a signal line, and sends signals to the three units, receives the laser detection signal transmitted back, and calculates the relative displacement of the vacuum sealed measuring point box relative to the laser beam between the laser emitting end and the laser receiving end during the nth measurement of multiple detection points, and calculates the actual displacement of the object to be measured by the difference between the relative displacement and the relative displacement corresponding to the initial measurement at the multiple detection points. That is, the laser control unit 300 determines the actual displacement of each measuring point by calculating the difference between the relative displacement of the final measurement and the initial measurement, and calculates the overall displacement of the object to be measured.

[0056] Specifically, the calculation method of the horizontal direction X is the same as that of the vertical direction Y. The horizontal direction X is taken as an example for detailed description. Figure 8 As shown, after the vacuum laser alignment monitoring system is installed and debugged, in the first measurement, the laser alignment line when the laser beam 101 enters the laser receiving end is AO, and in the nth measurement, the laser alignment line is A'O'. At this time, A'A=ΔA=X 发 , is the displacement between the laser beam 101 and the measuring point box measured by the laser emission end, O'O=X 接 =O'O''+ΔO, is the displacement between the laser beam 101 and the measuring point box measured by the laser receiving end. PP'=P'P''+PP'', where ΔO is OO'', ΔO=PP''=ΔA, The control unit calculates the actual displacement according to the triangular collimation method. The calculation formula for the actual displacement measured for the nth time is as follows: , in, represents the actual displacement of the laser emitting end and the laser receiving end measured by the nth measurement of the i-th measuring point; S represents the nth measurement of the i-th measuring point. The distance between the measuring point and the transmitting end; S' represents the The distance between the measuring point and the receiving end; L=S+S' represents the distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end; Indicates the displacement measured by the beam position measuring device 213 of this monitoring point during the nth measurement. It should be noted that the vacuum laser alignment monitoring system needs to determine a direction initially, and all subsequent calculations are performed in this direction. For example: facing the first direction of the system, the left hand is the transmitting end, the right hand is the receiving end, and in terms of horizontal displacement, forward is positive and backward is negative. In terms of vertical displacement, upward is positive and downward is negative. In other words, , , All are directional.

[0057] A vacuum laser alignment monitoring method, such as Fig. 9 As shown, specifically including: Step 1: Multiple position detection modules are respectively fixed at different detection points of the object to be detected, and are sequentially connected to form a linear cavity, and the linear cavity is vacuumed; Step 2: The position detection module receives the laser detection signal, enters and exits the optical path through the imaging screen 211 of the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210, and uses the beam position measurement device 213 to record the position of the detection point on the laser beam 101; Step 3: When the laser control unit 300 receives the laser detection signal at multiple detection points for the nth measurement, the relative displacement of the vacuum sealed measurement point box relative to the laser beam between the laser emitting end and the laser receiving end is calculated by the difference between the relative displacement and the relative displacement corresponding to the initial measurement at the multiple detection points to calculate the actual displacement of the object to be measured.

[0058] A preferred embodiment of a vacuum laser alignment monitoring system is used for a tunnel with a length greater than 100 meters. Assuming that the tunnel includes 10 tunnel pipe sections, it is necessary to monitor the displacement of each tunnel pipe section relative to both ends of the tunnel.

[0059] The first step is to place the vacuum-sealed measuring point box 210 in the middle of the 10 sections of tunnel pipe in sequence, and also place the vacuum-sealed measuring point box 210 at the head end and the end of the tunnel; and connect the vacuum-sealed measuring point boxes 210 together through the telescopic joint 204 and the vacuum pipeline. The connection between the telescopic joint 204 and the vacuum-sealed measuring point box 210 enables the vacuum-sealed measuring point box 210 located in the middle of the 10 sections of tunnel pipe to adaptively extend or shorten with the deformation of the object to be measured, so that the vacuum-sealed measuring point box 210 is more in line with the position to be measured. The light beam position measuring device is arranged on the vacuum-sealed measuring point box to measure the position of the laser beam. In this embodiment, the measurement of the vacuum-sealed measuring point box refers to the measurement of the light beam position measuring device located on the vacuum-sealed measuring point box.

[0060] At this time, the laser emitting end includes a laser light source 100, a vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 at the initial end, and a sealed flat crystal 201. Figure 2 As shown; the laser receiving end includes a measuring point box sealing plug and a vacuum sealed measuring point box, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0061] In the second step, the laser control unit 300 sends a light source turn-on signal to the laser emitting end, and the laser light source 100 receives the light source turn-on signal, so that a laser beam 101 is generated and extends from the laser emitting end to the laser receiving end inside the linear cavity.

[0062] After the laser beam 101 is generated, the laser control unit 300 sends a laser detection signal to the laser detection unit 200, wherein the laser detection signal includes the serial number of the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210, the rotation opening instruction, and the measurement instruction. In this embodiment, the serial numbers of the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12. Among them, the serial number of the vacuum sealed measuring point box at the laser emitting end is 1, and the serial number of the vacuum sealed measuring point box at the laser receiving end is 12.

[0063] The specific measurement process of the No. 1 vacuum sealed measuring point box at the laser emission end is as follows: Step 101: After receiving the laser detection signal, the control module 214 sends a rotation opening instruction to the rotating component 212 to energize the rotating component 212, and the rotating component 212 drives the rotating imaging screen 211 to rotate 90° clockwise to enter the optical path.

[0064] Step 102: The first beam position measuring device 213 receives the laser detection signal and measures and records the relative displacement of the laser beam 101 in the horizontal direction X, and feeds back a horizontal direction X measurement completion signal to the measuring point box control module. After receiving the laser detection signal, the second beam position measuring device 213 measures and records the relative displacement of the laser beam 101 in the vertical direction Y, and feeds back a vertical direction Y measurement completion signal to the measuring point box control module.

[0065] Step 103: The measuring point box control module receives the measurement completion signal fed back in the horizontal direction X and the vertical direction Y, feeds back the measurement completion signal to the control unit, and sends a rotation closing instruction to the rotating component 212, and the rotating component 212 drives the imaging screen 211 to rotate 90° counterclockwise to exit the optical path.

[0066] The specific measurement steps of the vacuum laser alignment monitoring system are as follows: First, the position of the laser beam 101 at the laser emitting end No. 1 is measured. The specific measurement process is the measurement process of the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 at the laser emitting end, which will not be repeated. After the measurement of the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 No. 1 is completed, a measurement completion signal is fed back to the laser control unit 300.

[0067] Secondly, the laser control unit 300 receives the signal and sends a laser detection signal to the laser receiving end No. 12 vacuum sealed measuring point box 210, so that the No. 12 vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 performs measurement. The measurement process is the same as the measurement process of the No. 1 vacuum sealed measuring point box 210, and will not be repeated. After the No. 12 vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 completes the measurement, it feeds back a measurement completion signal to the laser control unit 300.

[0068] Then, the laser control unit 300 receives the signal and sends a laser detection signal to the No. 2 vacuum-sealed measuring point box 210, so that the No. 2 vacuum-sealed measuring point box 210 performs the measurement. The measurement process is the same as the measurement process of the No. 1 vacuum-sealed measuring point box 210, and will not be described in detail. Then the measurement of the next tunnel tube is performed until the measurement of the No. 11 vacuum-sealed measuring point box is completed, and the measurement of the last tunnel tube is completed. After the laser control unit 300 receives the signal after the No. 11 vacuum-sealed measuring point box 210 completes the measurement, the initial measurement of the tunnel is completed.

[0069] After measuring the position of the laser beam 101 at both the No. 1 vacuum sealed measuring point box at the laser emitting end and the No. 12 vacuum sealed measuring point box at the laser receiving end, a measurement reference line is determined, that is, the center line between the laser emitting end and the laser receiving end is used as the initial measurement reference line.

[0070] When measuring the settlement and deformation of the tunnel for the nth time, the above steps are repeated, and the center line between the laser emitting end and the laser receiving end after the re-measurement is used as the measurement reference line for the nth measurement.

[0071] The laser control unit 300 calculates the information of the relative positions of the laser emitting end, the laser receiving end and the laser beams 101 of the 10 tunnel tubes measured initially and for the nth time, and calculates the difference in relative displacement between the nth measurement and the initial measurement through the measurement information, so as to determine the actual displacement of the detection points of the No. 2 to No. 11 vacuum sealed measurement point boxes in the detection unit, and calculate the overall displacement of the tunnel.

[0072] A second preferred embodiment of a vacuum laser alignment monitoring system for short-distance dam measurement assumes that the dam is 80m long and includes 5 dam sections, and it is necessary to measure the displacement of each dam section relative to both ends of the dam.

[0073] It is only necessary to place the vacuum sealed measuring point box 210 in the middle of the five dam sections, as well as the head and the end of the dam in sequence, and the vacuum laser detection system can obtain the displacement of the five dam sections relative to the two ends of the dam. The specific measurement method is the same as that of the first preferred embodiment and will not be repeated.

[0074] It should be noted that when the measurement accuracy requirement is low and there is no need to consider the impact of tiny displacements or torsion at both ends of the dam on the entire measurement system, it is only necessary to close the vacuum-sealed measuring point box 210 set at the head end of the dam and at the end of the dam, so that the vacuum-sealed measuring point box 210 set at the head end of the dam or at the end of the dam does not enter the optical path measurement in the laser detection unit 200.

[0075] The vacuum laser alignment monitoring system of the present invention not only takes into account the increase in error caused by light refraction, drift, torsion, etc. during transmission in the atmosphere, but also takes into account the influence of jitter on the error value at the laser emission end. Then, the imaging screen is used during measurement and exited during non-measurement, so that the offset and attenuation of the laser beam are reduced, so that better measurement values ​​can be obtained and longer measurement lengths can be met.

[0076] The above content is an explanation of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, which can help those skilled in the art to more fully understand the technical solution of the present invention. However, these embodiments are merely illustrative, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation methods of the present invention are limited to the description of these embodiments. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions and transformations can be made, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vacuum laser alignment monitoring system, comprising a laser emitting unit and a laser detection unit, characterized in that: It also includes a laser control unit and a vacuum forming unit; The laser detection unit includes a plurality of position detection modules, the position detection modules include a vacuum sealed measuring point box and a beam position measuring device, the plurality of position detection modules are respectively fixed at different detection points of the object to be measured, the plurality of position detection modules are sequentially connected and sealed to form a linear cavity, and the vacuum forming unit evacuates the linear cavity; The position detection module receives the laser detection signal from the laser control unit, enters and exits the optical path through the imaging screen of the vacuum-sealed measuring point box, and uses the beam position measurement device to record the position of the detection point on the laser beam; When the laser control unit receives the laser detection signal at multiple detection points for the nth measurement, the relative displacement of the vacuum sealed measurement point box relative to the laser beam between the laser emitting end and the laser receiving end is calculated by the difference between the relative displacement and the relative displacement corresponding to the initial measurement at the multiple detection points to calculate the actual displacement of the object to be measured.

2. A vacuum laser alignment monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser detection unit also includes an elastic part, a sealing flat crystal, and a measuring point box sealing plug. The vacuum sealing measuring point boxes in the multiple position detection modules are connected in sequence through the elastic part to form a straight channel with openings at both ends. The sealing flat crystal seals the front end of the straight channel, and the measuring point box sealing plug seals the end of the straight channel to form a straight cavity sealed at both ends. When the laser emitting unit is connected to the laser detection unit, the straight cavity has a laser emitting end and a laser receiving end.

3. A vacuum laser alignment monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser emitting end includes the laser emitting unit and the sealed flat crystal, or includes the laser emitting unit, the sealed flat crystal and the position detection module; the laser receiving end includes the measuring point box sealing plug, or includes the measuring point box sealing plug and the position detection module.

4. A vacuum laser alignment monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The laser emitting unit includes a laser light source, or a laser light source and a light source adjustment device which are separately arranged from the position detection module.

5. A vacuum laser alignment monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic member includes an expansion joint and a vacuum pipeline. The expansion joint is connected to the vacuum sealed measuring point box. When multiple detection points are displaced and / or the vacuum pipeline is thermally expanded or contracted, the elastic member adaptively stretches or shortens to ensure that the vacuum sealed measuring point box fits the part to be measured.

6. A vacuum laser alignment monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum-sealed measuring point box is a box body with openings at both ends, and holes are provided on the top and sides of the box body. A transparent light window is installed at the position of the hole, and the light beam position measuring device is installed at the position of the transparent light window; the vacuum-sealed measuring point box includes a box body, an imaging screen, a rotating component, and a measuring point box control module; the rotating component includes a motor and a rotating shaft, the motor drives the imaging screen to rotate inside the vacuum-sealed measuring point box, the rotating shaft and the imaging screen are located inside the vacuum-sealed measuring point box, and the measuring point box control module is arranged on the side of the vacuum-sealed measuring point box, receives the laser detection signal, and enables the rotating component to drive the imaging screen to rotate.

7. A vacuum laser alignment monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The imaging screen is colored glass or colloid that can produce the Tyndall effect. The length and width of the imaging screen are both greater than the measurement range of the vacuum laser alignment monitoring system so that the laser beam forms a laser beam image on the imaging screen. The thickness of the imaging screen is greater than 1 mm.

8. A vacuum laser alignment monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative displacement includes a horizontal X relative displacement and a vertical Y relative displacement. The beam position measuring device includes a first beam position measuring device and a second beam position measuring device. The first beam position measuring device is located on the top of the vacuum sealed measuring point box, receives the laser detection signal, measures and records the horizontal X relative displacement, and the second beam position measuring device is located on the side of the vacuum sealed measuring point box, receives the laser detection signal, measures and records the vertical Y relative displacement.

9. A vacuum laser alignment monitoring system according to claim 6 or 8, characterized in that: The laser detection signal includes the serial number of the vacuum-sealed measuring point box, a rotation opening instruction, and a measurement instruction. The measuring point box control module of the vacuum-sealed measuring point box with the corresponding serial number receives the rotation opening instruction in the laser detection signal, and the light beam position measuring device on the vacuum-sealed measuring point box with the corresponding serial number receives the measurement instruction in the laser detection signal.

10. A vacuum laser alignment monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit calculates the actual displacement according to the triangular collimation method. The calculation formula for the actual displacement measured for the nth time is as follows: 。 11. A vacuum laser alignment monitoring method, characterized in that: Step 1: Multiple position detection modules are respectively fixed at different detection points of the object to be detected, and are sequentially connected to form a linear cavity, and the linear cavity is vacuumed; Step 2: The position detection module receives the laser detection signal, enters and exits the optical path through the imaging screen of the vacuum-sealed measuring point box, and uses the beam position measurement device to record the position of the detection point on the laser beam; Step 3: When the laser control unit receives the laser detection signal at multiple detection points for the nth measurement, the relative displacement of the vacuum sealed measurement point box relative to the laser beam between the laser emitting end and the laser receiving end is calculated by the difference between the relative displacement and the relative displacement corresponding to the initial measurement at the multiple detection points to calculate the actual displacement of the object to be measured.

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