Running water erosion demonstration teaching aid

Abstract

The invention relates to a running water erosion demonstration teaching aid which comprises a sandy soil box (1), a water tank (2) and a water pump (3), the sandy soil box (1) is arranged on the water tank (2), a sandy soil layer (11) is arranged in the sandy soil box (1), a rain making screen (4) is arranged above the sandy soil layer (11), a water inlet of the water pump (3) is communicated with the water tank (2), a water outlet of the water pump (3) is connected with a drain pipe (5), and one end of the sandy soil box (1) is provided with a wave making plate (6) hinged to the sandy soil box (1). A swing arm (61) is arranged at one end of the hinged shaft of the wave-making plate, a strip-shaped hole (62) is formed in the swing arm, a driving shaft (71) of the wave-making speed-reducing motor is matched with the strip-shaped hole in the swing arm, and the control box is respectively connected with the water pump and the wave-making speed-reducing motor through wires. The running water erosion phenomenon can be vividly demonstrated to students, so that the students can quickly and deeply master geographical knowledge, and the geographical teaching can be smoothly carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to teaching and popular science teaching aids, and in particular to a water erosion demonstration teaching aid. Background Art

[0002] Water erosion is a common geographical phenomenon. Its main types include river erosion, ocean erosion and underground erosion. These erosion phenomena will cause a certain degree of soil and water loss. Due to limited conditions, for a long time, middle school and college students in my country have mainly learned geographical knowledge such as water erosion through books, and it is not easy to understand what kind of actual phenomenon the geographical knowledge they have learned is in nature. At present, there are almost no teaching aids for demonstrating water erosion, so teachers cannot demonstrate these geographical phenomena to students in a vivid way, which is not conducive to students learning geographical knowledge better and faster. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the invention is to provide a water erosion demonstration teaching aid which can vividly demonstrate the phenomenon of water erosion, is conducive to students' rapid and profound grasp of geographical knowledge, and is conducive to the smooth conduct of geography teaching.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: it comprises a sand box, a water tank and a water pump, the sand box is located above the water tank and is arranged on the water tank, a sand layer is arranged from the middle to one end of the sand box, a rain-making screen is arranged above one end of the sand box with the sand layer, a water inlet of the water pump is connected to the water tank, a drain pipe is connected to the water outlet, the outlet end of the drain pipe faces the inside of the rain-making screen or the sand layer, and one end of the sand box without the sand layer is provided with a water pump having an upper side hinged on the sand box and a lower side immersed in the water surface of the water tank. The following wave-making board has a swing arm transversely arranged at one end of the hinge shaft of the wave-making board, and a strip hole is arranged on the swing arm along the extending direction of the swing arm. It also includes a wave-making reduction motor and a control box. The output shaft of the wave-making reduction motor is provided with a driving shaft deviating from the axis of the output shaft, and the driving shaft is slidably matched with the strip hole on the swing arm. The wave-making reduction motor drives the wave-making board to swing back and forth through the swing arm, and repeatedly pushes the water in the water tank to the sand layer to form waves. The control box is respectively connected to the water pump and the wave-making reduction motor through wires.

[0005] The technical effect of the present invention is that it can vividly demonstrate the phenomenon of water erosion to students, which is conducive to students' rapid and profound grasp of geographical knowledge and more conducive to the smooth progress of geography teaching. It can be used to demonstrate the erosion, transportation and accumulation of water, the erosion of water and rainfall on the ground surface, the erosion of waves on the coast, and the upstream erosion, downcutting and lateral erosion of rivers. It can also adjust the intensity of erosion, and the demonstration is both vivid and lively, which can improve students' interest in learning geographical knowledge. It has good demonstration effect, is easy to operate and use, is easy to assemble and disassemble, and is easy to clean and maintain. It is more conducive to the learning of geographical knowledge and is worthy of wide promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0007] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, it comprises a sand box 1, a water tank 2 and a water pump 3. The sand box 1 is located above the water tank 2 and is arranged on the water tank 2. A sand layer 11 is arranged inside the sand box 1 from the middle to one end. A rain-making screen 4 is arranged above one end of the sand box 1 provided with the sand layer 11. The water inlet of the water pump 3 is connected to the water tank 2, and a drain pipe 5 is connected to the water outlet. The outlet end of the drain pipe 5 faces the inside of the rain-making screen 4 or the sand layer 11. A wave-making board 6 is arranged at one end of the sand box 1 without the sand layer 11, the upper side of which is hinged on the sand box 1 and the lower side is immersed below the water surface of the water tank 2. A swing arm 61 is laterally provided at one end of the hinge shaft of the wave-making board 6, and a strip hole 62 is provided on the swing arm 61 along the extending direction of the swing arm 61. It also includes a wave-making reduction motor 7 and a control box 8. The output shaft of the wave-making reduction motor 7 is provided with a drive shaft 71 deviating from the axis of the output shaft. The drive shaft 71 is slidably matched with the strip hole 62 on the swing arm 61. The wave-making reduction motor 7 drives the wave-making board 6 to swing back and forth through the swing arm 61, and repeatedly pushes the water in the water tank 2 to the sand layer 11 to form waves. The control box 8 is respectively connected to the water pump 3 and the wave-making reduction motor 7 through wires.

[0008] A flat bottom 12 is provided at the position where the sand layer 11 is provided in the sand box 1, and an arc-shaped guide bottom 13 connected to the flat bottom 12 is provided at the position cooperating with the wave-making board 6. The arc-shaped guide bottom 13 is located below the wave-making board 6 and is evenly spaced from the lower swinging trajectory of the wave-making board 6. The side of the arc-shaped guide bottom 13 away from the flat bottom 12 is immersed in the water tank 2.

[0009] The rainmaking screen 4 is a trough-shaped body with an open top and a plurality of water leakage holes 41 at the bottom.

[0010] Adjustment frames 42 are provided on both sides of the rainmaking screen 4, the lower part of which is clamped on the upper opening of the sand box 1. Long holes 43 are provided on each adjustment frame 42 in the up and down directions. Adjustment bolts 44 are passed through the long holes 43 and are threadedly connected to the rainmaking screen 4 on both sides of the rainmaking screen 4, and the height can be adjusted up and down and installed on the adjustment frame 42. A drainage pipe plug plate 45 extending from the inside of the rainmaking screen 4 to the outside of the rainmaking screen 4 is provided on the upper opening of the rainmaking screen 4. The drainage pipe plug plate 45 is provided with drainage pipe plug holes 46 located above the rainmaking screen 4 and outside the rainmaking screen 4. The water outlet of the drainage pipe 5 is directed toward the inside of the rainmaking screen 4 to form artificial rainfall, and directly toward the sand layer 11 to form water flow.

[0011] A drain pipe fixing frame 14 is provided on the sand box 1, and a drain pipe hole is provided on the drain pipe fixing frame 14. The drain pipe 5 is passed through the drain pipe hole. The drain pipe fixing frame 14 is provided with an elastic slit extending from the inside of the drain pipe hole to the outside of the drain pipe fixing frame 14. Bolt holes and threaded holes are respectively provided on the drain pipe fixing frame 14 on both sides of the elastic slit. The drain pipe fixing frame 14 is provided with a fastening bolt 15 that passes through the bolt hole and matches the threaded hole.

[0012] A three-way valve 9 with a handle 91 is provided on the water outlet of the water pump 3, the water inlet of the three-way valve 9 is connected to the water outlet of the water pump 3, one water outlet is connected to the drain pipe 5, and the other water outlet is connected to a cleaning water gun 93 through a spiral water pipe 92, and a water gun seat 94 for hanging the cleaning water gun 93 is provided on the sand box 1.

[0013] The control box 8 is provided with a water pump switch 81, a wave-making reduction motor switch 82, a water pump operation indicator light 83, a water pump speed control knob 84, a wave-making reduction motor operation indicator light 85 and a wave-making reduction motor speed control knob 86. In order to display whether the water pump 3 and the wave-making reduction motor 7 are in operation, and to adjust the speed of the water pump 3 and the wave-making reduction motor 7, so that the intensity of rainfall, water flow, waves and cleaning can be controlled, so as to change the demonstration effect and control the intensity of the cleaning water flow.

[0014] The upper half of the wave-making board 6 is a flat plate, and the lower half is an arc-shaped board which is concave on one side facing the sand layer 11, so as to improve the water-pushing and wave-making effect.

[0015] The drive shaft 71 of the wave-making reduction motor 7 rotates clockwise when viewed from the motor toward the output shaft. When the drive shaft 71 rotates from the upper side toward the sand layer 11, it matches with the upper part of the swing arm strip hole 62 close to the hinge axis, and when it rotates from the lower side toward the direction away from the sand layer 11, it matches with the lower part of the swing arm strip hole 62 away from the hinge axis. When the wave-making board 6 pushes water to make waves, the swing speed is fast to increase the wave strength, and when the wave-making board 6 swings back, the swing speed is slow to prevent water from splashing out of the water tank 2 and the sand tank 1.

[0016] A partition 21 is vertically provided in the middle of the water tank 2, which divides the water tank 2 into a water storage tank 22 located below the sand layer 11 and a sedimentation tank 23 located below the wave-making board 6. A plurality of overflow holes 24 are provided on the upper part of the partition 21 for overflowing from the sedimentation tank 23 to the water storage tank 22. After the water in the water storage tank 22 is pumped out by the water pump, it falls on the sand layer 11 in the sand box 1, and then flows into the sedimentation tank 23. The silt in the water settles at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 23. When the water level in the sedimentation tank 23 reaches the height of the overflow hole 24, the water in the sedimentation tank 23 will overflow from the overflow hole 24 into the water storage tank 22, so that the water in the water tank 2 can be recycled. This method of recycling water can not only save water resources, but also facilitate the processing and storage of demonstration water. When the water in the water tank 2 is not enough, it only needs to be supplemented with an appropriate amount of water.

[0017] The periphery of the bottom of the sand and soil box 1 is a stepped shape with the outer side higher and the inner side lower, and the periphery of the upper opening of the water tank 2 is a stepped shape that matches the periphery of the bottom of the sand and soil box 1, so that the sand and soil box 1 sits on the water tank 2 more firmly and can prevent water from seeping out from the gap between the sand and soil box 1 and the water tank 2.

[0018] The sand box 1 and the water tank 2 are both made of transparent or translucent materials, so that the erosion effect can be observed from the outside and the water level in the water tank 2 can be viewed, so as to replenish the water tank 2 in time.

[0019] Demonstration and usage: When demonstrating the erosion effect of rainfall, the outlet of the drain pipe 5 is inserted into the drain pipe socket 46 located above the rain-making screen 4. Turn on the water pump switch 81, and the water flows from the leaking hole 41 of the rain-making screen 4 to the sand layer 11 to form a rainfall effect, which produces scouring and erosion effects on the sand layer 11. When demonstrating the erosion effect of the river, the outlet of the drain pipe 5 is inserted into the drain pipe socket 46 located outside the rain-making screen 4. Turn on the water pump switch 81, and the water flow in the drain pipe 5 will directly produce scouring and erosion effects on the sand layer 11, which can demonstrate the upstream erosion, downward erosion and side erosion of the river. Adjusting the water pump speed knob 84 can adjust the speed of the water pump 3 to change the intensity of the erosion effect. Adjusting the height of the rain-making screen 4 can change the height difference of rainfall and water flow to change the erosion effect.

[0020] When demonstrating the erosion effect of waves on the coast, the wave-making reduction motor switch 82 is turned on, and the wave-making reduction motor 7 drives the wave-making board 6 to swing back and forth through the swing arm 61, repeatedly pushing the water above the sedimentation bin 23 onto the sand layer 11 in the sand box 1 to form waves, and then flowing back into the water tank 2. By adjusting the wave-making reduction motor speed knob 86, the speed of the wave-making reduction motor 7 can be adjusted to change the frequency and intensity of the waves to form different erosion effects.

[0021] This teaching aid can also simply demonstrate underground erosion by inserting the outlet of the drain pipe 5 directly into or burying it in the sand layer 11 near the side wall of the sand box 1. After turning on the water pump 3, the underground erosion phenomenon can be seen from the side of the sand box 1.

[0022] When cleaning the sand box 1 and the water tank 2, the three-way valve 9 is switched to connect the water outlet of the water pump 3 to the spiral water pipe 92 and the cleaning water gun 93. When the water pump switch 81 is turned on, the sand box 1 and the water tank 2 can be cleaned with the cleaning water gun 93. Similarly, the flow rate of the cleaning water flow can also be adjusted.

[0023] When cleaning the silt washed down from the sand layer 11 by the water flow and falling into the sedimentation bin 23, the sand box 1 needs to be removed from the water tank 2 and put aside. Then, the silt settled at the bottom of the sedimentation bin 23 is washed out by tools and piled onto the sand layer 11 in the sand box 1 to a suitable height, thickness and shape as needed, so as to better demonstrate different types of water erosion phenomena.

Claims

1. A water erosion demonstration teaching aid, comprising a sand box (1), a water tank (2) and a water pump (3), characterized in that: A sand box (1) is located above a water tank (2) and is arranged on the water tank (2). A sand layer (11) is arranged inside the sand box (1) from the middle to one end. A rain screen (4) is arranged above one end of the sand box (1) provided with the sand layer (11). A water inlet of a water pump (3) is connected to the water tank (2), and a drainage pipe (5) is connected to the water outlet. The water outlet end of the drainage pipe (5) faces the inside of the rain screen (4) or the sand layer (11). A wave board (6) is arranged at one end of the sand box (1) that does not have the sand layer (11). The upper side of the wave board (6) is hinged to the sand box (1) and the lower side is immersed below the water surface of the water tank (2). One end of the hinge shaft of the wave board (6) is connected to the water tank (2). A swing arm (61) is transversely arranged at one end of the water tank (2), and a strip hole (62) is arranged on the swing arm (61) along the extension direction of the swing arm (61). The water tank (2) further comprises a wave-making reduction motor (7) and a control box (8). A drive shaft (71) deviating from the axis of the output shaft is arranged on the output shaft of the wave-making reduction motor (7), and the drive shaft (71) is slidably matched with the strip hole (62) on the swing arm (61). The wave-making reduction motor (7) drives the wave-making plate (6) to swing back and forth through the swing arm (61), and repeatedly pushes the water in the water tank (2) toward the sand layer (11) to form waves. The control box (8) is respectively connected to the water pump (3) and the wave-making reduction motor (7) through wires.

2. The water erosion demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that The sand box (1) is provided with a flat bottom (12) at a position where the sand layer (11) is provided, and an arc-shaped guide bottom (13) connected to the flat bottom (12) is provided at a position matching with the wave-making board (6). The arc-shaped guide bottom (13) is located below the wave-making board (6) and is evenly spaced from the lower swinging track of the wave-making board (6). The side of the arc-shaped guide bottom (13) away from the flat bottom (12) is immersed in the water tank (2).

3. The water erosion demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that The rainmaking screen (4) is a trough-shaped body with an open top and a plurality of water leakage holes (41) at the bottom.

4. The water erosion demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that The rainmaking screen (4) is provided with adjustment frames (42) at both sides, the lower part of which is clamped on the upper opening of the sand box (1), and each adjustment frame (42) is provided with a long hole (43) in the upper and lower directions. The two sides of the rainmaking screen (4) are installed on the adjustment frames (42) with adjustable heights up and down by adjusting bolts (44) that pass through the long holes (43) and are threadedly connected to the rainmaking screen (4). The upper opening of the rainmaking screen (4) is provided with a drainage pipe plug plate (45) extending from the inside of the rainmaking screen (4) to the outside of the rainmaking screen (4), and the drainage pipe plug plate (45) is provided with drainage pipe plug holes (46) located above the rainmaking screen (4) and outside the rainmaking screen (4).

5. The water erosion demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that A three-way valve (9) with a handle (91) is provided on the water outlet of the water pump (3); a water inlet of the three-way valve (9) is connected to the water outlet of the water pump (3); one water outlet is connected to a drain pipe (5); and a cleaning water gun (93) is connected to the other water outlet via a spiral water pipe (92); and a water gun seat (94) for hanging the cleaning water gun (93) is provided on the sand box (1).

6. The water erosion demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that The control box (8) is provided with a water pump switch (81), a wave-making reduction motor switch (82), a water pump operation indicator light (83), a water pump speed regulating knob (84), a wave-making reduction motor operation indicator light (85) and a wave-making reduction motor speed regulating knob (86).

7. The water erosion demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that The upper half of the wave-making board (6) is a flat plate, and the lower half is an arc-shaped board with a side facing the sand layer (11) being concave.

8. The water erosion demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that The drive shaft (71) of the wave-making reduction motor (7) rotates clockwise when viewed from the motor toward the output shaft.

9. The water erosion demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that A partition (21) is vertically provided in the middle of the water tank (2) to divide the water tank (2) into a water storage bin (22) located below the sand layer (11) and a sedimentation bin (23) located below the wave-making board (6); a plurality of overflow holes (24) are provided on the upper part of the partition (21) for overflowing from the sedimentation bin (23) to the water storage bin (22).

10. The water erosion demonstration teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that The periphery of the bottom of the sand box (1) is in a stepped shape with a higher outer side and a lower inner side, and the periphery of the upper opening of the water tank (2) is in a stepped shape with a higher outer side and a lower inner side, which matches the periphery of the bottom of the sand box (1). Both the sand box (1) and the water tank (2) are made of transparent or translucent materials.

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