Directional coupling assembly and directional coupler

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a directional coupling assembly and a directional coupler. The directional coupling assembly comprises a first laminated printed circuit board (PCB) and a second laminated PCB; a directional coupling circuit is arranged on a first surface of the first laminated PCB, and the first surface abuts against a second surface of the second laminated PCB; the first laminated PCB comprises N first PCBs which are laminated and abutted against each other, the second laminated PCB comprises M second PCBs which are laminated and abutted against each other, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of signal measurement, in particular to a directional coupling component and a directional coupler. Background Art

[0002] Directional coupler is a universal microwave / millimeter wave component, which is used to distribute or synthesize microwave signal power and has directional coupling characteristics. It can be used for signal isolation, separation and mixing, such as power monitoring, source output power stabilization, signal source isolation, transmission and reflection sweep frequency testing, etc. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a directional coupling component and a directional coupler.

[0004] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a directional coupling component is provided, characterized in that the directional coupling component comprises a first stacked printed circuit board PCB and a second stacked PCB;

[0005] A directional coupling circuit is disposed on a first surface of the first stacked PCB, and the first surface abuts against a second surface of the second stacked PCB;

[0006] The first stacked PCB includes N first PCBs stacked and abutted, and the second stacked PCB includes M second PCBs stacked and abutted, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0007] In some embodiments, the directional coupling line includes: a first transmission line for transmitting a signal and a second transmission line for coupling the signal; wherein the first transmission line includes a first end for inputting the signal, a second end for outputting the signal, and a transmission section between the first end and the second end; the second transmission line includes a coupling section for coupling the signal from the transmission section to obtain a coupled signal, a third end and a fourth end respectively connected to two ends of the coupling section, wherein the third end is used to output the coupled signal;

[0008] The line width of the transmission segment gradually increases along the signal transmission direction, and / or the line width of the coupling segment gradually increases along the signal transmission direction, and / or the spacing distance between the transmission segment and the coupling segment gradually increases along the signal transmission direction.

[0009] In some embodiments, the directional coupling assembly further includes four connectors connected to the first end, the second end, the third end, and the fourth end respectively;

[0010] The connecting pins of the four connectors are arranged between the first surface and the second surface to be connected to the first end, the second end, the third end and the fourth end respectively.

[0011] In some embodiments, the directional coupling assembly further comprises at least one positioning hole penetrating through the first stacked PCB and the second stacked PCB;

[0012] The positioning post is adapted to penetrate the positioning hole to fix the relative positions of the first stacked PCB and the second stacked PCB.

[0013] In some embodiments, the positioning hole includes at least one of a first positioning hole and a second positioning hole;

[0014] The first positioning hole at least includes a first isolation portion for isolating the first end and the third end, and the positioning column corresponding to the first positioning hole at least includes a first isolation wall matched with the first isolation portion to isolate the first end and the third end;

[0015] The second positioning hole includes at least a second isolation portion for spacing the second end and the fourth end, and the positioning column corresponding to the second positioning hole includes at least a second isolation wall matched with the second isolation portion to isolate the second end and the fourth end.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first isolation portion includes at least: a portion extending along the first end and / or the third end;

[0017] The second isolation portion includes at least a portion extending along the second end and / or the fourth end.

[0018] In some embodiments, the dielectric constant of the first PCB is less than or equal to 2.5; the dielectric constant of the second PCB is less than or equal to 2.5.

[0019] In some embodiments, a thickness difference between a thickness of the first stacked PCB and a thickness of the second stacked PCB is less than a predetermined range.

[0020] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, a directional coupler is provided, wherein the directional coupler comprises the directional coupling component according to the first aspect, a first metal shell and a second metal shell, wherein:

[0021] The third surface of the first stacked PCB, which is opposite to the first surface, abuts against the first metal surface of the first metal shell; the fourth surface of the second stacked PCB, which is opposite to the second surface, abuts against the second metal surface of the second metal shell, so that the directional coupling circuit forms a stripline structure.

[0022] In some embodiments, at least one of the first metal surface and the second metal surface is provided with a positioning post;

[0023] The directional coupling assembly includes at least one positioning hole penetrating through the first stacked PCB and the second stacked PCB;

[0024] The positioning post is adapted to pass through the positioning hole to fix the relative positions of the first stacked PCB and the second stacked PCB.

[0025] In some embodiments, the directional coupling line includes: a first transmission line for transmitting a signal and a second transmission line for coupling the signal;

[0026] The first transmission line comprises a first end for inputting a signal, a second end for outputting the signal, and a transmission section between the first end and the second end;

[0027] The second transmission line comprises a coupling section for coupling the signal from the transmission section to obtain a coupled signal, and a third end and a fourth end respectively connected to two ends of the coupling section, wherein the third end is used to output the coupled signal;

[0028] The positioning hole includes at least one of a first positioning hole and a second positioning hole;

[0029] The first positioning hole at least includes a first isolation portion for isolating the first end and the third end, and the positioning column corresponding to the first positioning hole at least includes a first isolation wall matched with the first isolation portion to isolate the first end and the third end;

[0030] The second positioning hole includes at least a second isolation portion for spacing the second end and the fourth end, and the positioning column corresponding to the second positioning hole includes at least a second isolation wall matched with the second isolation portion to isolate the second end and the fourth end.

[0031] In some embodiments, the first isolation wall includes at least: a portion cooperating with the first isolation portion and extending along the first end and / or the third end;

[0032] The second isolation wall at least includes: a portion cooperating with the second isolation portion and extending along the second end and / or the fourth end.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the directional coupling component includes a first stacked printed circuit board PCB and a second stacked PCB; a directional coupling circuit is provided on the first surface of the first stacked PCB, and the first surface is in contact with the second surface of the second stacked PCB; the first stacked PCB includes N first PCBs stacked and in contact, and the second stacked PCB includes M second PCBs stacked and in contact, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 1. In this way, the directional coupling circuit located on the surface of the first stacked PCB is clamped between the first stacked PCB and the second stacked PCB by the first stacked PCB and the second stacked PCB, thereby forming a stable dielectric layer around the directional coupling circuit. Since the processing accuracy of the PCB and the PCB circuit is high, on the one hand, the directional coupling component has high processing accuracy and consistency, which can improve the coupling performance, coupling stability and consistency between different directional coupling components. On the other hand, the directional coupling component has high processing accuracy and consistency, which can reduce the cost of adjusting each directional coupling component and improve the yield rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a directional coupling component structure according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0035] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a directional coupling component structure according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a directional coupling component structure according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0037] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a directional coupling component structure according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0038] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a directional coupler structure according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0039] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing measurement results of a directional coupler according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0040] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a directional coupler measurement result according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention more clearly understandable, the following is a detailed description by listing specific embodiments. The drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, and local features may be enlarged or reduced to more clearly show the details of the local features; unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those in the technical field to which this application belongs.

[0042] The embodiments of the present disclosure are not exhaustive, but are only illustrative of some embodiments, and are not intended to be a specific limitation on the scope of protection of the present disclosure. In the absence of contradiction, each step in a certain embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a certain embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily exchanged. In addition, the optional implementation methods in a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; in addition, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all of the steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a certain embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0043] In each embodiment of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced to each other, and the technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form a new embodiment based on their internal logical relationships.

[0044] The terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0045] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, elements expressed in the singular form, such as "a", "an", "the", "above", "said", "aforementioned", "this", etc., may mean "one and only one", or "one or more", "at least one", etc. For example, when using articles such as "a", "an", "the" in English in translation, the noun after the article may be understood as a singular expression or a plural expression.

[0046] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, “plurality” refers to two or more.

[0047] In some embodiments, the terms "at least one", "one or more", "a plurality of", "multiple", etc. can be used interchangeably.

[0048] In some embodiments, "at least one of A and B", "A and / or B", "A in one case, B in another case", "A in one case, B in another case", etc., may include the following technical solutions according to the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed independently of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed independently of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). When there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc., the above is also similar.

[0049] In some embodiments, the recording method of "A or B" may include the following technical solutions according to the situation: in some embodiments, A (A is executed independently of B); in some embodiments, B (B is executed independently of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). When there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc., the above is also similar.

[0050] The prefixes such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present disclosure are only used to distinguish different description objects, and do not constitute restrictions on the position, order, priority, value or content of the description objects. The statement of the description object refers to the description in the context of the claims or embodiments, and should not constitute redundant restrictions due to the use of prefixes. For example, if the description object is a "field", the ordinal number before the "field" in the "first field" and the "second field" does not limit the position or order between the "fields", and the "first" and "second" do not limit whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they limit the order of the "first field" and the "second field". For another example, if the description object is a "level", the ordinal number before the "level" in the "first level" and the "second level" does not limit the priority between the "levels". For another example, the numerical value of the description object is not limited by the ordinal number, and can be one or more. Taking the "first device" as an example, the numerical value of the "device" can be one or more. In addition, the objects modified by different prefixes may be the same or different. For example, if the description object is "device", then the "first device" and the "second device" may be the same device or different devices, and their types may be the same or different. For another example, if the description object is "information", then the "first information" and the "second information" may be the same information or different information, and their contents may be the same or different.

[0051] In some embodiments, “including A”, “comprising A”, “used to indicate A”, and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0052] In some embodiments, terms such as “…”, “determine…”, “in the case of…”, “at the time of…”, “when…”, “if…”, “if…”, etc. can be used interchangeably.

[0053] In some embodiments, terms such as "greater than", "greater than or equal to", "not less than", "more than", "more than or equal to", "not less than", "higher than", "higher than or equal to", "not lower than", and "above" can be replaced with each other, and terms such as "less than", "less than or equal to", "not greater than", "less than", "less than or equal to", "no more than", "lower than", "lower than or equal to", "not higher than", and "below" can be replaced with each other.

[0054] In addition, each element, each row, or each column in the table of the embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the combination of any elements, any rows, and any columns may also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0055] Among the existing vector network analyzers, most of them use cavity mechanical directional couplers or directional bridges, especially high-end vector network analyzers with frequencies above 50GHz, which all use cavity mechanical directional couplers.

[0056] The cavity mechanical directional coupler adopts an air stripline structure. The positions of the two coupling rods are fixed by positioning screws and dielectric positioning columns, so that they are in the upper and lower center positions in the mechanical cavity, and then the coupling rods are contact-connected by elastic connectors. This design structure has some defects. 1. There are many structural parts, complex design, and low assembly efficiency. 2. Poor consistency. The positions of the two coupling rods must be maintained in the center of the cavity. The tolerance of the structural parts requires the performance to be adjusted one by one, which takes a lot of time and has a low yield rate.

[0057] Therefore, how to simplify the structure of the directional coupler, improve component accuracy, and enhance performance stability is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0058] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a directional coupling component 100 shown in an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first stacked printed circuit board PCB and a second stacked PCB 120;

[0059] A directional coupling line 112 is disposed on the first surface 111 of the first stacked PCB 110, and the first surface 111 abuts against the second surface 121 of the second stacked PCB 120;

[0060] The first stacked PCB 110 includes N first PCBs stacked and abutted, and the second stacked PCB 120 includes M second PCBs stacked and abutted, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0061] Here, the directional coupling component 100 may be a component in the directional coupler 10 for realizing signal coupling.

[0062] Here, the first stacked PCB 110 may be composed of one first PCB. The first stacked PCB 110 may also be composed of a plurality of first PCBs stacked together. The plurality of first PCBs may be abutted by external pressure or by bonding. The surface of a first PCB located in the outer layer of the first stacked PCB 110 constitutes the first surface 111.

[0063] In a possible implementation, the first stacked PCB 110 has no other circuits except the directional coupling circuit 112 disposed on the first surface 111. That is, among the M first PCBs constituting the first stacked PCB 110, except for the first PCB disposed with the directional coupling circuit 112, the other PCBs have no circuits and exist only as a medium.

[0064] Here, the second stacked PCB 120 may be composed of one second PCB. The second stacked PCB 120 may also be composed of a plurality of second PCBs stacked together. The plurality of second PCBs may be abutted by external pressure or by bonding. The surface of a second PCB located in the outer layer of the second stacked PCB 120 constitutes the second surface 121.

[0065] In a possible implementation, the second stacked PCB 120 has a circuit in addition to the directional coupling line 112 disposed on the first surface 111. Each second PCB does not have a circuit but only exists as a medium.

[0066] The first stacked PCB 110 and the second stacked PCB 120 may achieve abutment of the first surface 111 and the second surface 121 by external pressure abutment.

[0067] In a possible implementation, the first PCB and the second PCB are made of materials suitable for high-frequency signal transmission (such as 10 MHz to 67 GHz signals). That is, the characteristic parameters of the first PCB and the second PCB are suitable for high-frequency signal transmission. Here, the characteristic parameters may include parameters such as dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and / or impedance.

[0068] In some embodiments, the dielectric constant of the first PCB is less than or equal to 2.5; the dielectric constant of the second PCB is less than or equal to 2.5.

[0069] The first PCB and the second PCB may be made of PCB materials suitable for high-frequency signals to reduce attenuation of high-frequency signals during transmission.

[0070] In a possible implementation, the dielectric constants of the first PCB and the second PCB are less than 2.5. For example, the dielectric constants of the first PCB and the second PCB may be 2.20 or 2.33.

[0071] For example, the first PCB and the second PCB may be made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) combined with glass material, ceramic or other fillers.

[0072] In a possible implementation, both the first PCB and the second PCB are flexible PCBs, so that the abutment effect between the first surface 111 of the first stacked PCB 110 and the second surface 121 of the second stacked PCB 120 can be improved, so that the directional coupling circuit 112 is surrounded by the PCB medium.

[0073] In a possible implementation, the flexibility of the first PCB and the second PCB can be adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the first PCB and the second PCB. For example, the thickness of the first PCB and the second PCB can be 0.254 mm.

[0074] In some embodiments, a thickness difference between the thickness of the first stacked PCB 110 and the thickness of the second stacked PCB 120 is less than a predetermined range.

[0075] In a possible implementation, the predetermined range is 0% to 10%. For example, the thickness difference between the thickness of the first stacked PCB 110 and the thickness of the second stacked PCB 120 is less than 10% of the thickness of the first stacked PCB 110.

[0076] In a possible implementation, the predetermined range is 0% to 5%.

[0077] In one possible implementation, the thickness of the first stacked PCB 110 is the same as the thickness of the second stacked PCB 120 .

[0078] In a possible implementation, the first surface 111 of the first stacked PCB 110 may be provided with a copper cladding layer, and the directional coupling line 112 may be formed on the first surface 111 by laser engraving, etching, or the like.

[0079] The first surface 111 of the first stacked PCB 110 and the second surface 121 of the second stacked PCB 120 abut against each other, so that the directional coupling line 112 is clamped between the first stacked PCB 110 and the second stacked PCB 120 , thereby forming a stable dielectric layer around the directional coupling line 112 .

[0080] Since the processing precision of PCB and its circuits is relatively high, for example, the precision of PCB thickness can be easily controlled to ±0.01mm, and the precision of circuit width on PCB can be easily controlled to ±0.01mm. Therefore, the manufacturing precision of the circuit is improved, and the high precision improves the high-frequency performance of the coupler, and improves the performance stability and consistency of the directional coupler 10.

[0081] For example, Figure 2 As shown, the first stacked PCB 110 may include two first PCBs, and the second stacked PCB 120 may include two second PCBs. The directional coupling line 112 located on the first surface 111 of the first stacked PCB 110 is clamped between the first stacked PCB 110 and the second stacked PCB 120. The first stacked PCB 110 and the second stacked PCB 120 have the same thickness. The thickness of the first PCB may be 0.254; the thickness of the second PCB may be 0.254.

[0082] The third surface of the first laminated PCB 110 opposite to the first surface 111 and the fourth surface of the second laminated PCB 120 opposite to the second surface 121 may be provided with a metal layer, so that the directional coupling line 112 may form a stripline in the strip structure. The stripline has good EMI characteristics, so the coupling performance of the directional coupling line 112 may be improved.

[0083] In this way, the directional coupling circuit 112 located on the surface of the first stacked PCB 110 is clamped between the first stacked PCB 110 and the second stacked PCB 120 by the first stacked PCB 110 and the second stacked PCB 120, so as to form a stable dielectric layer around the directional coupling circuit 112. Since the processing accuracy of the PCB and the PCB circuit is high, on the one hand, the directional coupling component 100 has high processing accuracy and consistency, which can improve the coupling performance, coupling stability and consistency between different directional coupling components 100. On the other hand, the directional coupling component 100 has high processing accuracy and consistency, which can reduce the cost of adjusting each directional coupling component 100 and improve the yield rate.

[0084] In some embodiments, Figure 3As shown, the directional coupling line 112 includes: a first transmission line 1121 for transmitting a signal and a second transmission line 1122 for coupling the signal; wherein the first transmission line 1121 includes a first end 11211 for inputting the signal, a second end 11212 for outputting the signal, and a transmission section 11213 between the first end 11211 and the second end 11212; the second transmission line 1122 includes a coupling section 11223 for coupling the signal from the transmission section 11213 to obtain a coupled signal, a third end 11221 and a fourth end 11222 respectively connected to both ends of the coupling section 11223, wherein the third end 11221 is used to output the coupled signal;

[0085] Among them, the line width of the transmission segment 11213 gradually increases along the signal transmission direction, and / or the line width of the coupling segment 11223 gradually increases along the signal transmission direction, and / or the spacing distance between the transmission segment 11213 and the coupling segment 11223 gradually increases along the signal transmission direction.

[0086] Here, the fourth terminal 11222 may be an isolation terminal of the directional coupling line 112. In actual use, a load resistor, such as a 50-ohm load resistor, may be connected.

[0087] Here, the signal flows from the first end 11211 to the second end 11212 .

[0088] In a possible implementation, the wiring length of the first end 11211, the wiring length of the second end 11212, the wiring length of the third end 11221, and / or the wiring length of the fourth end 11222 may be determined based on actual needs. For example, the wiring length of the first end 11211 and / or the wiring length of the second end 11212 may be determined based on the length of the first stacked PCB 110 and the length of the transmission section 11213; the wiring length of the third end 11221 and / or the wiring length of the fourth end 11222 may be determined based on the length of the first stacked PCB 110 and the length of the coupling section 11223.

[0089] In a possible implementation, the line width of the first transmission line 1121 gradually increases along the signal transmission direction.

[0090] In a possible implementation, the line width of the second transmission line 1122 gradually increases along the signal transmission direction.

[0091] like Figure 3 As shown, the transmission segment 11213 and the coupling segment 11223 extend in the same direction to enable the coupling segment 11223 to couple the signal transmitted on the transmission segment 11213 .

[0092] By changing the width of the transmission section 11213 and the coupling section 11223, the impedance of the first transmission line 1121 and the second transmission line 1122 can be gradually changed, thereby achieving better impedance matching. At the same time, the width gradient can be used to adjust the coupling degree of the coupler, that is, the power transmission ratio from a first transmission line 1121 to the second transmission line 1122. The width gradient of the transmission section 11213 and the coupling section 11223 can be designed to have a specific frequency setting, so that the coupling degree of the first transmission line 1121 and the second transmission line 1122 is maximized at a specific frequency.

[0093] By changing the spacing distance between the transmission section 11213 and the coupling section 11223, the coupling performance such as coupling degree, bandwidth and impedance matching can be adjusted.

[0094] In some embodiments, the directional coupling assembly 100 further includes four connectors 140 connected to the first end 11211, the second end 11212, the third end 11221 and the fourth end 11222 respectively;

[0095] The connecting pins 141 of the four connectors 140 are disposed between the first surface 111 and the second surface 121 to be connected to the first end 11211 , the second end 11212 , the third end 11221 , and the fourth end 11222 , respectively.

[0096] The connector 140 is used to connect an external signal source, a measuring device, etc.

[0097] Here, since a flexible PCB is used, the connection pin 141 may be inserted between the first surface 111 and the second surface 121 .

[0098] like Figure 4 As described above, the connector 140 has a connection pin 141 connected to the directional coupling line 112. The connection pin 141 can be arranged between the first surface 111 and the second surface 121. In order to reduce the situation where the connection pin 141 separates the first surface 111 and the second surface 121, the connection pin 141 can adopt a smaller size to reduce the impact on the abutment of the first surface 111 and the second surface 121. For example, the connector 140 can adopt a 1.85 mm connector.

[0099] In a possible implementation, the connecting pin 141 may be in a thin sheet shape, so as to reduce the situation where the connecting pin 141 separates the first surface 111 and the second surface 121 .

[0100] In the related art, for the stripline, the connector 140 needs to lead the line to the surface layer of the PCB through the via hole on the PCB board to achieve connection with the directional coupling line 112. The via hole will affect the impedance continuity of the directional coupling line 112, thereby affecting the performance of the directional coupling line 112. In this embodiment, the connection pins 141 of the connector 140 are connected to the stripline, thereby reducing the impedance discontinuity and improving the performance of the directional coupling line 112.

[0101] In some embodiments, Figure 1 , 3 As shown in FIG. 4 , the directional coupling assembly 100 further includes at least one positioning hole 130 penetrating the first stacked PCB 110 and the second stacked PCB 120;

[0102] The positioning post 211 is adapted to penetrate the positioning hole 130 to fix the relative positions of the first stacked PCB 110 and the second stacked PCB 120 .

[0103] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the first stacked PCB 110 and the second stacked PCB 120 are provided with positioning holes 130 at positions corresponding to each other. The positioning post 211 can be adapted to the shape of the positioning hole 130 to pass through the corresponding positioning holes 130 of the first stacked PCB 110 and the second stacked PCB 120 to fix the relative positions of the first stacked PCB 110 and the second stacked PCB 120.

[0104] The positioning holes 130 on the first laminated PCB 110 penetrate through the first PCBs constituting the first laminated PCB to fix the relative positions of the first PCBs constituting the first laminated PCB. The positioning holes 130 on the second laminated PCB 120 penetrate through the second PCBs constituting the second laminated PCB to fix the relative positions of the second PCBs constituting the second laminated PCB.

[0105] In some possible implementations, the shape of the positioning hole 130 can be set based on actual needs, and the shape of the positioning column 211 can be set based on the shape of the positioning hole 130. For example, the positioning hole 130 can be cylindrical, and the corresponding positioning column 211 can also be a cylinder.

[0106] Through the positioning holes 130 and the positioning posts 211, on the one hand, the relative displacement of each first PCB constituting the first laminated PCB and the relative displacement of each second PCB constituting the second laminated PCB can be reduced, and on the other hand, the relative displacement of the first laminated PCB and the second laminated PCB can be reduced, thereby improving the structural stability of the directional coupling component 100 and making the directional coupling component 100 have higher processing accuracy and consistency.

[0107] In some embodiments, the positioning hole 130 includes at least one of a first positioning hole 130 and a second positioning hole 130;

[0108] The first positioning hole 130 at least includes a first isolation portion for spacing the first end 11211 and the third end 11221, and the positioning column 211 corresponding to the first positioning hole 130 at least includes a first isolation wall matched with the first isolation portion to isolate the first end 11211 and the third end 11221;

[0109] The second positioning hole 130 includes at least a second isolation portion for spacing the second end 11212 and the fourth end 11222 , and the positioning column 211 corresponding to the second positioning hole 130 includes at least a second isolation wall cooperating with the second isolation portion to isolate the second end 11212 and the fourth end 11222 .

[0110] The first end 11211, the second end 11212, the third end 11221 and the fourth end 11222 have a certain routing length. Since the distance between the first end 11211 and the third end 11221 is affected by the connector 140, etc., a controlled coupling relationship cannot be formed, that is, the first end 11211 and the third end 11221 will interfere with each other. Similarly, the second end 11212 and the fourth end 11222 will also interfere with each other.

[0111] The cross section of the first isolation portion in a direction parallel to the first laminated PCB (or the second laminated PCB) may be a strip shape to isolate the first end 11211 from the third end 11221. The cross section of the first isolation portion in a direction parallel to the first laminated PCB (or the second laminated PCB) may be a strip shape to isolate the second end 11212 from the fourth end 11222.

[0112] In a possible implementation, the positioning post 211 may be made of metal. And the positioning post 211 may be connected to the power ground. In this way, the positioning post 211 that cooperates with the first isolation portion may form a first isolation wall between the first end 11211 and the third end 11221, thereby reducing the mutual interference between the first end 11211 and the third end 11221. The positioning post 211 that cooperates with the second isolation portion may form a second isolation wall between the second end 11212 and the fourth end 11222, thereby reducing the mutual interference between the second end 11212 and the fourth end 11222.

[0113] In this way, mutual interference between the first end 11211 and the third end 11221 is achieved through the first isolation wall; mutual interference between the second end 11212 and the fourth end 11222 is achieved through the second isolation wall, thereby improving the performance of the directional coupling component 100.

[0114] In some embodiments, the first isolation portion includes at least: a portion extending along the first end 11211 and / or the third end 11221;

[0115] The second isolation portion includes at least: a portion extending along the second end 11212 and / or the fourth end 11222 .

[0116] In one possible implementation, the first isolation portion extends along the first end 11211 and / or the third end 11221, and the first isolation wall can cooperate with the first isolation portion to extend along the first end 11211 and / or the third end 11221 to further isolate the first end 11211 and the third end 11221 in the length direction of the first end 11211 and / or the third end 11221, thereby improving the isolation effect.

[0117] In one possible implementation, the second isolation portion extends along the second end 11212 and / or the fourth end 11222, and the second isolation wall can cooperate with the second isolation portion to extend along the second end 11212 and / or the fourth end 11222 to further isolate the second end 11212 and the fourth end 11222 in the length direction of the second end 11212 and / or the fourth end 11222, thereby improving the isolation effect.

[0118] Figure 5 A directional coupler 10 is shown according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, such as Figure 5 The directional coupler 10 includes a directional coupling component 100, a first metal shell 210 and a second metal shell 220, wherein a third surface of the first stacked PCB 110 opposite to the first surface 111 abuts against the first metal surface of the first metal shell 210; a fourth surface of the second stacked PCB 120 opposite to the second surface 121 abuts against the second metal surface of the second metal shell 220; so that the directional coupling line 112 forms a stripline structure.

[0119] Here, the directional coupling component 100 is as described in any of the above embodiments, and will not be described in detail herein.

[0120] like Figure 5 As shown, the first metal shell 210 and the second metal shell 220 can clamp the directional coupling component 100, so that the first metal surface of the first metal shell 210 abuts against the third surface of the first stacked PCB 110, and the second metal surface of the second metal shell 220 abuts against the fourth surface of the second stacked PCB 120, so that the directional coupling line 112 clamped by the first stacked PCB 110 and the second stacked PCB 120 forms a stripline in the strip structure. The stripline has good EMI characteristics, so the coupling performance of the directional coupling line 112 can be improved.

[0121] In a possible implementation, the first metal shell 210 and the second metal shell 220 may be fixed by screws penetrating the first metal shell 210 and the second metal shell 220. The screws may be made of metal so that the first metal shell 210 and the second metal shell 220 are at the same potential. In actual use, the metal shells may be grounded.

[0122] In a possible implementation, the first stacked PCB 110 and the second stacked PCB 120 may be provided with screw holes. The screws may sequentially penetrate the second metal housing 220, the second stacked PCB 120 and the first stacked PCB 110 to reach the first metal housing 210, and the first metal housing 210 and the second metal housing 220 may clamp the directional coupling assembly 100 formed by the first stacked PCB 110 and the second stacked PCB 120 through the screws and the threaded holes on the first metal housing 210. Here, the screw holes and the screws may also play the role of positioning the positioning holes 130 and the positioning posts 211.

[0123] In a possible implementation, the first metal shell 210 and / or the second metal shell 220 has side walls surrounding the directional coupling component 100 , and the first metal shell 210 and the second metal shell 220 can wrap the directional coupling component 100 to reduce interference of the surrounding environment on the directional coupling component 100 .

[0124] In a possible implementation, neither the first metal shell 210 nor the second metal shell 220 has a side wall surrounding the directional coupling assembly 100 .

[0125] In some embodiments, at least one of the first metal surface and the second metal surface is provided with a positioning column 211;

[0126] The directional coupling assembly 100 includes at least one positioning hole 130 penetrating the first stacked PCB 110 and the second stacked PCB 120;

[0127] The positioning post 211 is adapted to penetrate the positioning hole 130 to fix the relative positions of the first stacked PCB 110 and the second stacked PCB 120 .

[0128] Here, the positioning column 211 can be integrally formed with the metal housing.

[0129] In a possible implementation, the positioning posts 211 on the first metal surface may be used to position the first stacked PCB 110 , and the positioning posts 211 on the second metal surface may be used to position the second stacked PCB 120 .

[0130] In some embodiments, the directional coupling line 112 includes: a first transmission line 1121 for transmitting a signal and a second transmission line 1122 for coupling the signal;

[0131] The first transmission line 1121 includes a first end 11211 for inputting a signal, a second end 11212 for outputting the signal, and a transmission section 11213 between the first end 11211 and the second end 11212;

[0132] The second transmission line 1122 includes a coupling section 11223 for coupling the signal from the transmission section 11213 to obtain a coupled signal, and a third end 11221 and a fourth end 11222 respectively connected to two ends of the coupling section 11223, wherein the third end 11221 is used to output the coupled signal;

[0133] The positioning hole 130 includes at least one of a first positioning hole 130 and a second positioning hole 130;

[0134] The first positioning hole 130 at least includes a first isolation portion for spacing the first end 11211 and the third end 11221, and the positioning column 211 corresponding to the first positioning hole 130 at least includes a first isolation wall matched with the first isolation portion to isolate the first end 11211 and the third end 11221;

[0135] The second positioning hole 130 includes at least a second isolation portion for spacing the second end 11212 and the fourth end 11222 , and the positioning column 211 corresponding to the second positioning hole 130 includes at least a second isolation wall cooperating with the second isolation portion to isolate the second end 11212 and the fourth end 11222 .

[0136] Here, the first isolation wall and the second isolation wall can be integrally formed with the first metal shell and the second metal shell, respectively. Since in actual use, the metal shells (the first metal shell and the second metal shell) are both grounded, the first isolation wall and the second isolation wall can form a metal isolation wall to reduce the interference between the first end 11211 and the third end 11221, and the interference between the second end 11212 and the fourth end 11222, respectively.

[0137] In some embodiments, the first isolation wall includes at least: a portion cooperating with the first isolation portion and extending along the first end 11211 and / or the third end 11221;

[0138] The second isolation wall at least includes: a portion that cooperates with the second isolation portion and extends along the second end 11212 and / or the fourth end 11222.

[0139] In one possible implementation, the first isolation portion extends along the first end 11211 and / or the third end 11221, and the first isolation wall can cooperate with the first isolation portion to extend along the first end 11211 and / or the third end 11221 to further isolate the first end 11211 and the third end 11221 in the length direction of the first end 11211 and / or the third end 11221, thereby improving the isolation effect.

[0140] In one possible implementation, the second isolation portion extends along the second end 11212 and / or the fourth end 11222, and the second isolation wall can cooperate with the second isolation portion to extend along the second end 11212 and / or the fourth end 11222 to further isolate the second end 11212 and the fourth end 11222 in the length direction of the second end 11212 and / or the fourth end 11222, thereby improving the isolation effect.

[0141] Here, a specific example is provided in combination with the above-mentioned embodiment.

[0142] 1. If Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the directional coupler 10 comprises:

[0143] Four flexible high-frequency PCBs are used, two of each forming a laminated PCB (110 and 120), one of which is printed with a single-sided coupling circuit, and the other three are the same;

[0144] The coupling circuit adopts a gradient design, wherein the input end (1) has a small spacing and a thin line width; the output end (2) has a large spacing and a thick line width. This design is conducive to expanding bandwidth and optimizing high-frequency performance.

[0145] Four 1.85 mm connectors 140 with a flat pin structure; the connector 140 adopts a special inward-retracted design, which is beneficial to the impedance transition between the connector 140 and the coupling circuit of the PCB board and optimizes the standing wave ratio.

[0146] The metal cavity is divided into two parts, the upper and lower parts, which are connected by screws; there are two protruding metal isolation walls on the cavity, which play the role of positioning and enhancing isolation (or directionality).

[0147] 2. Directional coupler 10 assembly process:

[0148] Divide the 4 PCB boards into two groups and stack them in pairs in the same direction as shown above, keeping the coupling circuit in the middle.

[0149] Align the stacked PCBs with the positioning holes 130 on the cavity and place them on the upper and lower metal cavities respectively.

[0150] The four connectors 140 are aligned with the positioning holes 130 on the upper side of the lower cavity and fixed with screws. The inner pins of the connectors 140 just touch the coupling circuit on the PCB, thus realizing the connection between the connectors 140 and the coupler circuit.

[0151] Cover the upper cavity and fix it with screws.

[0152] Connect a 50 ohm load to connector 140 on No. 4

[0153] At this time, port 1 (first end 11211) of directional coupler 10 is the input port, port 2 (second end 11212) is the through port, port 3 (third end 11221) is the coupled port, and port 4 (fourth end 11222) is the isolated port. The signal is input from port 1, port 2 is the main output port, port 3 is coupled and output, and port 4 is isolated. The characteristics of directional coupler 10 are as follows: Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown: frequency: DC ~ 67GHz; standing wave ratio: <1.5; coupling: 18±2dB; isolation: >30dB; directivity: >10dB. Among them, Figure 6 In the figure, the red curve, green curve, blue curve and orange curve are the standing wave ratios measured at port 1, port 2, port 3 and port 4 at different frequencies respectively. Figure 7 In the figure, the green curve, the rose-red curve, the blue curve and the red curve are respectively the measured signal loss between port 1 and port 2, the coupling between port 1 and port 3, the isolation between port 1 and port 4 and the directivity of the directional coupler 10 at different frequencies.

[0154] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present disclosure. The description and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present invention are indicated by the following claims.

[0155] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exact construction that has been described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A directional coupling component, characterized in that: The directional coupling assembly comprises a first stacked printed circuit board PCB and a second stacked PCB; A directional coupling circuit is disposed on a first surface of the first stacked PCB, and the first surface abuts against a second surface of the second stacked PCB; The first stacked PCB includes N first PCBs stacked and abutted, and the second stacked PCB includes M second PCBs stacked and abutted, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and M is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

2. The directional coupling assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directional coupling line comprises: a first transmission line for transmitting a signal and a second transmission line for coupling the signal; wherein the first transmission line comprises a first end for inputting the signal, a second end for outputting the signal, and a transmission section between the first end and the second end; the second transmission line comprises a coupling section for coupling the signal from the transmission section to obtain a coupled signal, a third end and a fourth end respectively connected to two ends of the coupling section, wherein the third end is used to output the coupled signal; The line width of the transmission segment gradually increases along the signal transmission direction, and / or the line width of the coupling segment gradually increases along the signal transmission direction, and / or the spacing distance between the transmission segment and the coupling segment gradually increases along the signal transmission direction.

3. The directional coupling assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The directional coupling assembly further includes four connectors connected to the first end, the second end, the third end and the fourth end respectively; The connecting pins of the four connectors are arranged between the first surface and the second surface to be connected to the first end, the second end, the third end and the fourth end respectively.

4. The directional coupling assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The directional coupling assembly further includes at least one positioning hole penetrating through the first stacked PCB and the second stacked PCB; The positioning post is adapted to penetrate the positioning hole to fix the relative positions of the first stacked PCB and the second stacked PCB.

5. The directional coupling assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The positioning hole includes at least one of a first positioning hole and a second positioning hole; The first positioning hole at least includes a first isolation portion for isolating the first end and the third end, and the positioning column corresponding to the first positioning hole at least includes a first isolation wall matched with the first isolation portion to isolate the first end and the third end; The second positioning hole includes at least a second isolation portion for spacing the second end and the fourth end, and the positioning column corresponding to the second positioning hole includes at least a second isolation wall matched with the second isolation portion to isolate the second end and the fourth end.

6. The directional coupling assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first isolation portion includes at least: a portion extending along the first end and / or the third end; The second isolation portion includes at least a portion extending along the second end and / or the fourth end.

7. The directional coupling assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The dielectric constant of the first PCB is less than or equal to 2.5; The dielectric constant of the second PCB is less than or equal to 2.

5.

8. The directional coupling assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A thickness difference between a thickness of the first stacked PCB and a thickness of the second stacked PCB is smaller than a predetermined range.

9. A directional coupler, characterized in that: The directional coupler comprises the directional coupling assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, a first metal shell and a second metal shell, wherein: The third surface on the first stacked PCB, which is opposite to the first surface, abuts against the first metal surface of the first metal shell; the fourth surface on the second stacked PCB, which is opposite to the second surface, abuts against the second metal surface of the second metal shell, so that the directional coupling circuit forms a stripline structure.

10. The directional coupler according to claim 9, characterized in that At least one of the first metal surface and the second metal surface is provided with a positioning column; The directional coupling assembly includes at least one positioning hole penetrating through the first stacked PCB and the second stacked PCB; The positioning post is adapted to pass through the positioning hole to fix the relative positions of the first stacked PCB and the second stacked PCB.

11. The directional coupler according to claim 10, characterized in that The directional coupling line comprises: a first transmission line for transmitting a signal and a second transmission line for coupling the signal; The first transmission line comprises a first end for inputting a signal, a second end for outputting the signal, and a transmission section between the first end and the second end; The second transmission line comprises a coupling section for coupling the signal from the transmission section to obtain a coupled signal, and a third end and a fourth end respectively connected to two ends of the coupling section, wherein the third end is used to output the coupled signal; The positioning hole includes at least one of a first positioning hole and a second positioning hole; The first positioning hole at least includes a first isolation portion for spacing the first end and the third end, and the positioning column corresponding to the first positioning hole at least includes a first isolation wall matched with the first isolation portion to isolate the first end and the third end; The second positioning hole includes at least a second isolation portion for spacing the second end and the fourth end, and the positioning column corresponding to the second positioning hole includes at least a second isolation wall matched with the second isolation portion to isolate the second end and the fourth end.

12. The directional coupler according to claim 11, characterized in that The first isolation wall at least includes: a portion cooperating with the first isolation portion and extending along the first end and / or the third end; The second isolation wall at least includes: a portion cooperating with the second isolation portion and extending along the second end and / or the fourth end.

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