Preparation method and application of forest water system inorganic salt fire resisting and extinguishing agent

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a forest water system inorganic salt fire resisting and extinguishing agent, relates to the technical field of forest water system fire extinguishing agents, and aims at solving the problems that an existing forest water system fire extinguishing agent is low in fire resisting and extinguishing efficiency and poor in infiltration spreadability and adhesion performance. The method comprises the following steps: 1, adding sodium carboxymethyl cellulose into distilled water, stirring, adding octyl and decyl glucoside, and dispersing to obtain a viscous mixed solution; and 2, ammonium hypophosphite and ammonium phosphate are sequentially added into the viscous mixed solution, stirring is conducted, the pH is adjusted, and the forest water system inorganic salt fire resisting and extinguishing agent is obtained. Only 20 wt% of the fire-retarding and fire-extinguishing main agent is introduced, excellent fire-retarding and fire-extinguishing performance can be achieved for forest combustible materials, and the fire-retarding and fire-extinguishing efficiency of a traditional forest water system fire-retarding and fire-extinguishing agent is remarkably improved. The fire extinguishing agent has better infiltration spreadability on the surface of forest combustible. The fire retardant is applied to fire retardance and extinguishment of broad-leaved forests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forest water system fire extinguishing agents, and in particular to a preparation method and application of a forest water system inorganic salt fire extinguishing agent. Background Art

[0002] As global temperatures continue to rise, forest fires are occurring more frequently and on a larger scale, making them increasingly difficult to extinguish. Therefore, in the process of protecting natural resources, how to effectively prevent and extinguish forest fires has become a hot topic for researchers.

[0003] At present, the fire extinguishing agents used for forest fire fighting are mainly divided into halogenated fire extinguishing agents, dry powder fire extinguishing agents, foam fire extinguishing agents and water-based fire extinguishing agents. Among them, the application of high-efficiency halogenated fire extinguishing agents used for forest fire fighting has been significantly restricted because they produce a large amount of toxic gases during the fire fighting process, which has a great impact on the ozone layer, the ecological environment and life and health. Secondly, the spraying effectiveness of dry powder fire extinguishing agents is low in the process of fighting forest fires, and the undecomposed dry powder will cover the surface of the combustibles, and the residual agent will clog the stomata of the leaves, causing damage to forest resources again. As for foam fire extinguishing agents, their preparation cost is relatively high, and they often need to be used in large quantities in the process of fighting forest fires, resulting in a significant increase in fire fighting costs. In addition, the foams released by foam fire extinguishing agents are mostly light in weight, and it is difficult to effectively spray them into the burning area during the forest fire fighting process. Therefore, compared with traditional halogenated hydrocarbons, dry powder and foam fire extinguishing agents, water-based forest fire extinguishing agents have developed rapidly in recent years due to their advantages of convenient preparation process, green environmental friendliness, high fire extinguishing efficiency and strong heat absorption capacity.

[0004] At present, the additives of commonly used water-based forest fire extinguishing agents are mainly phosphates, polyphosphates, sulfates and inorganic additives. Spraying them on the surface of forest combustibles has the effect of catalyzing carbonization and diluting the volatile concentration of combustibles, thereby inhibiting the combustion of forest combustibles. The existing 75-type forest fire extinguishing agent in my country uses ammonium sulfate and phosphate fertilizer as the main extinguishing agent, washing powder as a wetting agent, and white clay as a thickener. In the preparation process, the white clay must be fully mixed before adding trisodium phosphate and other reagents to fully stir. The preparation process is cumbersome, and the amount of the fire extinguishing agent reaches 400-600g / m 2 In addition, the 82-3 forest fire extinguisher invented at the end of the last century has a main agent of bischofite, washing powder as a wetting agent, and bentonite as a thickener. However, bischofite decomposes during heating to produce hydrogen chloride and chlorine, which poses a serious threat to the environment and life and health. In addition, when the dosage reaches 450g / m 2In order to meet the needs of forest fire prevention and extinguishing. In summary, the current water-based forest fire extinguishing agents have problems such as low fire prevention and extinguishing efficiency, poor wetting and spreading properties, and low spraying efficiency. In view of the above problems, it is urgent to develop a new type of water-based forest fire extinguishing agent with high efficiency infiltration and excellent fire extinguishing efficiency suitable for current forest fires in my country. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention aims to solve the problems of low fire extinguishing efficiency, poor wetting, spreading and adhesion properties of existing forest water fire extinguishing agents, and provide a preparation method and application of a forest water inorganic salt fire extinguishing agent.

[0006] The method for preparing the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant and extinguishing agent of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0007] 1. First, weigh sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), add sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to distilled water at room temperature, stir until CMC-Na is completely dissolved, then add octyl decyl glucoside (APG), stir and disperse for 5 to 8 minutes to obtain a viscous mixed solution;

[0008] 2. Weigh ammonium hypophosphite and ammonium phosphate, add them to the viscous mixed solution obtained in step 1 in sequence, stir until dissolved, and then adjust the pH to 8.3-8.4 to obtain a forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant.

[0009] Furthermore, the concentration of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the viscous mixed solution in step 1 is 0.4-0.5 wt %.

[0010] Furthermore, the concentration of octyl decyl glucoside in the viscous mixed solution in step 1 is 0.8-1 wt %.

[0011] Furthermore, the concentration of ammonium hypophosphite in the viscous mixed solution of step 2 is 15wt% to 16wt%.

[0012] Furthermore, the concentration of ammonium phosphate in the viscous mixed solution in step 2 is 4wt% to 5wt%.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 2, ammonium carbonate is used to adjust the pH value.

[0014] The invention discloses an application of the forest water system inorganic salt fire-retardant and extinguishing agent in fire-retardant and extinguishing of broad-leaved forests.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] Compared with the currently commonly used forest water-based fire extinguishing agents, the present invention uses ammonium hypophosphite (AHP) and ammonium sulfate (AS) as the main fire-retardant agents. The preparation process of the fire-retardant agent is simple, it can be used immediately after preparation, and has little impact on the environment. The phosphorus and nitrogen elements in the main components can be used as nutrients in the growth process of plants. With the introduction of bio-based thickeners and surfactants, it has good adhesion and wettability on the surface of forest combustibles. Due to the synergistic effect of AHP and AS, it can exert the effect of the water-based forest fire-retardant system through catalytic carbonization in the condensed phase, gas phase dilution and free radical capture. Therefore, the main fire-retardant agent of the present invention only introduces an addition amount of 20wt%, which can achieve excellent fire-retardant performance on forest combustibles, and significantly improves the fire-retardant efficiency of traditional forest water-based fire-retardant agents.

[0017] The forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant prepared by the present invention has a viscosity of about 50mPa·s. Compared with the traditional forest fire extinguishing agent, it has a relatively high viscosity due to the introduction of the bio-based thickener. Therefore, the effectiveness of the fire extinguishing agent during the spraying process is better and is not easily affected by the forest environment. Moreover, after the introduction of the wetting agent, the fire extinguishing agent has better wetting and spreading properties on the surface of forest combustibles. In addition, the pH of the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant of the present invention is 8.3-8.4, which meets the pH requirement for spraying of GB 17835-2008 "Water-based Fire Extinguishing Agents", which is conducive to its practical promotion and application.

[0018] The forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant and extinguishing agent of the present invention has excellent adhesion performance and fire extinguishing efficiency to broad-leaved forests, and at the same time has more outstanding fire retardant performance, is suitable for large-scale forest fire prevention and control, and is more convenient to transport and store, and has stronger practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flow chart for preparing the viscous mixed solution in step 1 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 The present invention is a flow chart for preparing the inorganic salt fire retardant of forest water system;

[0021] Figure 3 The contact angles of water and forest water inorganic salt fire retardant on the surface of Qm fallen leaves and Bp fallen leaves;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a device for testing the adhesion performance of fire extinguishing agents;

[0023] Figure 5 is the adhesion performance of Qm fallen leaves and Bp fallen leaves to water and forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a test platform for fire-blocking efficiency;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a dynamic picture of thermal infrared imaging of the fire retardancy test of the fire extinguishing agent and water prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 on Qm fallen leaves and Bp fallen leaves;

[0026] Figure 8 Qm and Bp mass loss rates of fallen leaves treated with the fire extinguishing agent and water prepared in Example 1 and Example 2;

[0027] Fig. 9 The flame morphology changes and fire extinguishing performance of inorganic salt fire retardant in forest water system on Bp wood fire extinguishing process;

[0028] Fig.10 Real-time monitoring of temperature during BP wood fire extinguishing by inorganic salt fire retardant in forest water system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the specific implementation modes listed below, but also includes any combination of the specific implementation modes.

[0030] Specific implementation method 1: The preparation method of the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant in this implementation method comprises the following steps:

[0031] 1. First, weigh sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), add sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to distilled water at room temperature, stir until CMC-Na is completely dissolved, then add octyl decyl glucoside (APG), stir and disperse for 5 to 8 minutes to obtain a viscous mixed solution;

[0032] 2. Weigh ammonium hypophosphite and ammonium phosphate, add them to the viscous mixed solution obtained in step 1 in sequence, stir until dissolved, and then adjust the pH to 8.3-8.4 to obtain a forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant.

[0033] The present invention uses ammonium hypophosphite (AHP) and ammonium sulfate (AS) as the main agents for forest fire extinguishing in broad-leaved forests, introduces bio-based wetting agents octyl glucoside (APG) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) as wetting agents and thickeners, and adjusts the pH of the fire extinguishing system by introducing ammonium carbonate (AC), thereby preparing a highly efficient water-based inorganic salt forest fire extinguishing agent, which not only has good infiltration and adhesion to fallen leaves in broad-leaved forests, but also the main extinguishing agents AHP and AS can generate a large amount of inert gas and phosphorus-containing free radicals during the fire extinguishing process, effectively playing an inhibitory role in the gas phase, thereby reducing the burning intensity of the fire. The new forest fire extinguishing agent solves the problems of low fire extinguishing efficiency, low spraying effectiveness, and poor infiltration and adhesion of traditional water-based forest fire extinguishing agents, and has broad application prospects in the field of broad-leaved forest fire prevention and control.

[0034] Specific embodiment 2: This embodiment differs from specific embodiment 1 in that the concentration of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the viscous mixed solution in step 1 is 0.4 wt% to 0.5 wt%. Other aspects are the same as those of specific embodiment 1.

[0035] Specific embodiment 3: This embodiment is different from specific embodiment 1 or 2 in that the concentration of octyl decyl glucoside in the viscous mixed solution in step 1 is 0.8 wt% to 1 wt%. The rest is the same as specific embodiment 1 or 2.

[0036] Specific embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 3 in that the concentration of ammonium hypophosphite in the viscous mixed solution in step 2 is 15 wt % to 16 wt %. Other aspects are the same as those of specific embodiments 1 to 3.

[0037] Specific embodiment 5: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 4 in that the concentration of ammonium phosphate in the viscous mixed solution in step 2 is 4 wt% to 5 wt%. The rest is the same as specific embodiments 1 to 4.

[0038] Specific embodiment 6: This embodiment differs from specific embodiments 1 to 5 in that ammonium carbonate is used to adjust the pH value in step 2. The rest is the same as specific embodiments 1 to 5.

[0039] Specific implementation method seven: This implementation method is the application of forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant and extinguishing agent in fire prevention and extinguishing of broad-leaved forests.

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The following embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation schemes and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0041] Embodiment 1:

[0042] The preparation method of the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0043] 1. Preparation of forest fire extinguishing infiltration and adhesion system

[0044] First, weigh sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), add sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to a beaker filled with distilled water at room temperature in small amounts several times, stir until CMC-Na is completely dissolved in the distilled water, then add octyl decyl glucoside (APG) to the beaker, stir and disperse for 5 minutes to obtain a viscous mixed solution, which is the forest fire extinguishing infiltration and adhesion system. The concentration of CMC-Na in the viscous mixed solution is 0.5wt%, and the concentration of APG is 1wt%.

[0045] With the introduction of CMC-Na and APG, the forest fire extinguishing mother liquid has a certain viscosity and exhibits good spreadability, which provides a good support for the next step of preparing a water-based forest fire extinguishing agent with high wetting and strong adhesion. Step 1 The preparation process of the forest fire extinguishing infiltration and adhesion system is as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0046] 2. Preparation of inorganic salt fire retardant in forest water system

[0047] Weigh ammonium hypophosphite and ammonium phosphate, add them to the viscous mixed solution obtained in step 1 in sequence, stir until dissolved, then add ammonium carbonate to adjust the pH to 8.3, and obtain a forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant. The concentration of ammonium hypophosphite in the viscous mixed solution is 15wt%, and the concentration of ammonium phosphate is 5wt%.

[0048] After packaging, it is transported to the forest fire area for use. The preparation process of forest water inorganic salt fire retardant is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0049] Embodiment 2:

[0050] The preparation method of the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant of this embodiment comprises the following steps:

[0051] 1. Preparation of forest fire extinguishing infiltration and adhesion system

[0052] First, weigh sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), add sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to a beaker filled with distilled water at room temperature in small amounts several times, stir until CMC-Na is completely dissolved in the distilled water, then add octyl decyl glucoside (APG) to the beaker, stir and disperse for 5 minutes to obtain a viscous mixed solution, which is the forest fire extinguishing infiltration and adhesion system. The concentration of CMC-Na in the viscous mixed solution is 0.5wt%, and the concentration of APG is 1wt%.

[0053] 2. Preparation of inorganic salt fire retardant in forest water system

[0054] Weigh ammonium hypophosphite and ammonium phosphate, add them to the viscous mixed solution obtained in step 1 in sequence, stir until dissolved, then add ammonium carbonate to adjust the pH to 8.3, and obtain a forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant. After packaging, transport it to the forest fire area for use. The concentration of ammonium hypophosphite in the viscous mixed solution is 16wt%, and the concentration of ammonium phosphate is 4wt%.

[0055] (I) Wetting and spreading performance test of forest water system inorganic salt fire extinguishing agent

[0056] At room temperature, the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant and water of Example 1 were slowly dripped onto the surfaces of different broad-leaved fallen leaves. The technology company's DSA100S contact angle tester captures the morphology of the droplet falling on the surface of the fallen leaf, and measures the contact angle between the droplet and the surface of the fallen leaf through the contact angle tester.

[0057] Contact angle photos of the wetting and spreading performance of forest water inorganic salt fire retardant on fallen leaves of Mongolian oak (Qm) and white birch (Bp) Figure 3 shown. Figure 3 Where a is the contact angle of water on the surface of Qm fallen leaves, b is the contact angle of forest water inorganic salt fire retardant on the surface of Qm fallen leaves, c is the contact angle of water on the surface of Bp fallen leaves, and d is the contact angle of forest water inorganic salt fire retardant on the surface of Bp fallen leaves.

[0058] It is very obvious that due to the presence of the wax layer on the surface of fallen leaves, the contact angle of water on the surface of Qm fallen leaves and Bp fallen leaves reaches 107.7° and 104.8°, showing obvious hydrophobicity, which is not conducive to the retention of forest water system fire extinguishing agents on leaves, resulting in a decrease in the fire extinguishing efficiency of forest water system fire extinguishing agents and an increase in fire extinguishing costs. Compared with pure water, the contact angle of forest water system inorganic salt fire extinguishing agents on Qm fallen leaves and Bp fallen leaves is reduced to 47.4° and 47.8°, showing excellent wetting performance on the surface of Qm fallen leaves and Bp fallen leaves. This shows that with the introduction of wetting adhesives APG and CMC-Na, the wetting and spreading ability of forest water system inorganic salt fire extinguishing agents on Qm fallen leaves and Bp fallen leaves is improved, which has a positive significance for reducing the spraying amount of fire extinguishing agents and enhancing their fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0059] (II) Test on the adhesion performance of forest water inorganic salt fire retardant on forest materials

[0060] In order to study the adhesion performance of forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant on forest materials, this experiment built a forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant adhesion performance test device. The structural diagram is shown in the figure. Figure 4 As shown. The adhesion performance testing device consists of a liquid reservoir 1, a glass cylinder 3 and a beaker 4. The glass cylinder 3 is arranged below the liquid reservoir 1. The liquid reservoir 1 is connected to the central axis position of the glass cylinder 3 through a pipeline. A valve 2 is arranged between the liquid reservoir 1 and the glass cylinder 3. The bottom of the glass cylinder 3 is provided with a liquid outlet, and a beaker 4 is placed below the liquid outlet. The volume of the liquid reservoir 1 is 50mL. The dimensions of the glass cylinder 3 are: inner diameter 27mm, outer diameter 30mm, and length 150mm.

[0061] First, put 5g of uniformly dried fallen leaves into the glass cylinder 3, and use an electronic balance to weigh the weight of the glass cylinder 3, weigh 20g of the test liquid, pour it into the liquid reservoir 1, and place a beaker 4 under the liquid reservoir 1 to hold the test liquid flowing out of the glass cylinder 3. At the beginning of the test, open the liquid reservoir valve 2 to allow the test liquid to flow out slowly at a uniform speed. After the liquid stops flowing out from the bottom of the glass cylinder 3, use an electronic balance to weigh and record the weight gain of the glass cylinder 3.

[0062] The adhesion performance of Qm fallen leaves and Bp fallen leaves to water and the forest water system inorganic salt fire extinguishing agent of Example 1 is as follows Figure 5 As shown in the figure, water has the weakest adhesion to Qm fallen leaves and Bp fallen leaves. After the adhesion performance test, only 42.6% and 29.6% of water can remain in Qm fallen leaves and Bp fallen leaves. However, the forest water inorganic salt fire retardant agent showed good infiltration and adhesion in Qm fallen leaves and Bp fallen leaves. After the adhesion performance test, its adsorption amount in Qm fallen leaves and Bp fallen leaves reached 176.2% and 114.8%. This shows that with the introduction of infiltration and adhesion agents APG and CMC-Na, the adhesion and infiltration and spreading of the forest water inorganic salt fire retardant agent are enhanced, and its residence time on the surface of broad-leaved forests is prolonged, thereby effectively improving the fire retardant effect of the forest water inorganic salt fire retardant agent on broad-leaved forests.

[0063] (III) Analysis on the fire retardant performance of inorganic salt fire retardant in forest water system

[0064] 1. Construction of fire-retardant test model

[0065] This experiment built a fire-retardant efficiency test platform, such as Figure 6 As shown. In the experiment, a certain amount of uniformly dried broad-leaved fallen leaves were first placed in a rectangular fire basin, and then the forest water inorganic salt fire retardant was evenly sprayed on the broad-leaved fallen leaves using a spray device. A certain amount of dry broad-leaved fallen leaves were placed at one end of the fire basin as the ignition part, and then the ignition part was ignited using a flamethrower. During ignition, the fire line should be parallel and move forward in a straight line. At the same time, a stopwatch was used to record the combustion experiment time, and a thermal infrared imager was used to track the thermal infrared imaging of the combustion process, and the dynamic changes of the experimental temperature were recorded. After the flame was completely extinguished, an electronic balance was used to weigh the final remaining weight and record the loss weight.

[0066] 2. Analysis of the fire retardant performance of forest water inorganic salt fire extinguishing agent on fallen leaves in broad-leaved forest

[0067] use Figure 6 The fire retardant test model constructed in the present invention tests the fire retardant performance of the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant on the fallen leaves of Quercus mongolica (Qm) and Betula platyphylla (Bp). Table 1 shows the formula of the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant, wherein 27-A represents the fire extinguishing agent prepared in Example 1, and 27-B represents the fire extinguishing agent prepared in Example 2.

[0068] Table 1 Proportion of each component of forest water inorganic salt fire retardant

[0069]

[0070] The thermal infrared imaging dynamic graphs of the fire retardancy test of the fire extinguishing agent and water prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 on Qm fallen leaves and Bp fallen leaves are as follows: Figure 7 The mass loss rates of Qm fallen leaves and Bp fallen leaves treated with the fire extinguishing agent and water prepared in Example 1 and Example 2 are shown in Figure 8 As shown. The experimental results show that after 80 seconds of burning, the high temperature area above 500℃ of Qm fallen leaves treated with water quickly spread to the middle and rear sections of the fire basin, and all the Qm fallen leaves in the fire basin were completely affected by the flames. After the combustion test, the mass loss rate of Qm fallen leaves reached 87.9%. After the Qm fallen leaves were treated with forest water inorganic salt fire extinguishing agent 27-A for fire retardant, after 80 seconds of burning, the area of ​​the high temperature area above 500℃ became smaller and smaller, and the fire was closer to the middle and front sections of the fire basin. When the burning reached 200 seconds, compared with the Qm treated with water, the area of ​​the Qm fallen leaves treated with forest water inorganic salt fire extinguishing agent 27-A in the high temperature area of ​​400℃ was significantly reduced, which shows that forest water fire extinguishing agent 27-A has excellent fire retardant efficiency in Qm fallen leaves. The Bp fallen leaves treated with water were partly affected by the flames in the fire basin. After 260 seconds of ignition, there were still areas of Bp fallen leaves with a high temperature of more than 300°C, indicating that water alone had limited fire retardant effect on Bp fallen leaves, and its mass loss rate reached 45.6%. After the Bp fallen leaves were treated with the forest water fire extinguishing agent 27-B, there was almost no high temperature area except for the ignition section when the combustion lasted for 200 seconds, and the Bp fallen leaves treated with the forest water fire extinguishing agent 27-B had almost no mass loss. This shows that the forest water fire extinguishing agent of the present invention has good fire retardant properties for both Qm and Bp fallen leaves.

[0071] 3. Fire extinguishing performance test of inorganic salt fire retardant in forest water system

[0072] In order to further analyze the fire extinguishing performance of the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant and extinguishing agent of the present invention on broad-leaved forests, the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant and extinguishing agent was tested by the woodpile method.

[0073] The woodpile used in the fire extinguishing performance test is a broad-leaved birch wood strip with a size of 2cm×2cm×20cm, which is stacked into 3 layers, 3 strips per layer, a total of 9 strips, and a woodpile of 20cm×20cm×6cm. A crystallization dish containing 10g of alcohol is placed under the woodpile to ignite the woodpile. The size of the crystallization dish is: radius 15cm height 7cm. An air compressor is selected as the power for spraying (pressure = 1.2MPa), and the nozzle used is a precision atomizing nozzle, and the distance between the nozzle and the upper surface of the woodpile is 45cm. Infrared thermal imaging is used to detect the morphology of the flame at each time and monitor the temperature changes at different times and positions of the woodpile. And record the time required for fire extinguishing.

[0074] Effect of forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant on the flame morphology change and fire extinguishing performance of Bp wood fire extinguishing process Fig. 9 As shown, Fig. 9 The first row of pictures shows the flame morphology change during the fire extinguishing process of Bp wood with water, and the second row shows the flame morphology change during the fire extinguishing process of Bp wood with forest water inorganic salt fire retardant. Real-time temperature monitoring during the fire extinguishing process of Bp wood with forest water inorganic salt fire retardant Fig.10 As shown, Fig.10 The first row of pictures shows the real-time monitoring of the temperature during the extinguishing process of Bp wood with water, and the second row shows the real-time monitoring of the temperature during the extinguishing process of Bp wood with inorganic salt fire retardant in forest water. Fig. 9 and 10 It can be seen that the fire extinguishing time of the woodpile is 12s after pure water is used to extinguish the fire. The real-time analysis of infrared imaging shows that the woodpile still maintains a high temperature of 300℃ after 500s, and the smoldering time of the woodpile is 406s. With the replacement of traditional water for fire extinguishing by forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant, the extinguishing time of the woodpile fire is significantly reduced, which is nearly 10s shorter than that of pure water, greatly improving the fire extinguishing efficiency. Moreover, the smoldering time of the woodpile after being treated with forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant is only 410s, which is 176s shorter than that of pure water. This shows that in addition to having excellent fire retardant properties for broad-leaved trees, the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant also has excellent fire extinguishing properties for broad-leaved forests.

[0075] Compared with the traditional forest water system fire extinguishing agent, the forest water system inorganic salt fire extinguishing agent prepared by the present invention has the following advantages: 1) The forest water system inorganic salt fire extinguishing agent of the present invention uses ammonium hypophosphite and ammonium sulfate as the main fire extinguishing agents, and its main elements are phosphorus and nitrogen, which can provide certain nutrients for plant growth, and are halogen-free, and are environmentally friendly flame retardants; 2) By introducing APG as an infiltrant, which is a recognized degradable and environmentally friendly surfactant, it not only reduces the interfacial tension of the forest water system inorganic salt fire extinguishing agent, but also makes the forest water system inorganic salt fire extinguishing agent have more excellent wettability in the process of preventing and extinguishing fires in broad-leaved forests, and is harmless to the environment; 3) CMC-Na is used as a bio-based thickener to increase The viscosity of the system is increased and the interfacial tension of its solid-liquid interface is reduced, so that the forest water inorganic salt fire extinguishing agent has more excellent adhesion in the fire extinguishing of broad-leaved forests; 4) The main fire extinguishing agents ammonium hypophosphite and ammonium sulfate will produce a large amount of inert gas and phosphorus-containing free radicals during the heating process, which can play a diluting role in the gas phase, and capture H·, O·, HO· produced during the combustion of broad-leaved forests, and can also promote the carbonization of broad-leaved forest combustibles in the condensed phase, thereby giving the forest water inorganic salt fire extinguishing agent excellent fire extinguishing performance; 5) The production process of the present invention is simple, ready to use, only needs to be configured to the required concentration according to the needs of fire extinguishing, packaged and put into actual use, and can also be stored for a long time, and is convenient to use. In summary, the forest water inorganic salt fire extinguishing agent solves the problems of low fire extinguishing efficiency, low spraying effectiveness, poor wetting adhesion, and strong corrosion to equipment of traditional forest water fire extinguishing agents, and has broad application prospects in the current prevention and control of forest fires.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant and extinguishing agent, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps:

1. First, weigh sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, add sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to distilled water at room temperature, stir until CMC-Na is completely dissolved, then add octyl decyl glucoside, stir and disperse for 5 to 8 minutes to obtain a viscous mixed solution; 2. Weigh ammonium hypophosphite and ammonium phosphate, add them to the viscous mixed solution obtained in step 1 in sequence, stir until dissolved, and then adjust the pH to 8.3-8.4 to obtain a forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant.

2. The method for preparing the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in the viscous mixed solution in step 1 is 0.4wt% to 0.5wt%.

3. The method for preparing the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The concentration of octyl glucoside in the viscous mixed solution in step 1 is 0.8wt% to 1wt%.

4. The method for preparing the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant and extinguishing agent according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 2, the concentration of ammonium hypophosphite in the viscous mixed solution is 15wt% to 16wt%.

5. The method for preparing the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant and extinguishing agent according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 2, the concentration of ammonium phosphate in the viscous mixed solution is 4wt% to 5wt%.

6. The method for preparing the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant and extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, ammonium carbonate is used to adjust the pH value.

7. Use of the forest water system inorganic salt fire retardant and extinguishing agent prepared by the method as claimed in claim 1 in fire retardation and fire extinguishing of broad-leaved forests.

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