Power wave washing system, lithium battery recovery waste gas treatment system and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a power wave washing system, a system and method for treating waste gas recovered from lithium batteries, wherein the power wave washing system comprises a vertically arranged cylinder, the top of the cylinder is provided with an air inlet, the cylinder is provided with a first nozzle, a gas discharge device and a suction filter device in sequence from top to bottom, and the first nozzle is provided with a first flow guide device; the waste gas treatment system comprises a tail gas incinerator, an activated carbon adsorption device and the above-mentioned power wave washing system, and the waste gas treatment method is applicable to the above-mentioned treatment system. The power wave washing system of the present invention replaces the traditional power wave reverse nozzle and liquid storage section with an integrated cylinder, which can replace multiple equipment in the existing process flow and realize high-efficiency treatment of waste gas; the treatment system and method of the present invention utilize a power wave washing system to realize multiple functions of cooling, dust removal, and fluorine and phosphorus removal, realize the sudden cooling of high-temperature tail gas, reduce the generation of dioxins, and optimize the process flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and in particular relates to a method and device for treating waste gas from battery recycling and regeneration. Background Art

[0002] With the rise and development of the new energy industry, the retirement tide of lithium batteries installed in new energy vehicles and 3C products is coming. Lithium batteries contain a large amount of valuable metals, including lithium, aluminum, nickel, cobalt, manganese, iron, copper, etc. Metal recycling of waste lithium batteries is the only way to achieve sustainable development and resource circulation. At present, the recycling of waste batteries is divided into echelons and recycling, but the final destination of the battery is to be recycled and enter the resource circulation chain again. An inevitable link in recycling is to dry and pyrolyze the battery, and then crush and sort it. In the process, a large amount of waste gas containing pollutants such as dust, fluoride, and VOCS will be generated. If it is directly discharged into the air, it will cause serious air pollution. At present, this type of waste gas is mainly treated by cooling, dust removal, incineration, cooling again, alkali washing and other processes, and finally the waste gas is discharged after meeting the standards.

[0003] For example, patent document CN114100318A discloses a method for reducing and harmlessly treating waste gas in the process of recycling used lithium batteries. This patent application processes the high-temperature pyrolysis waste gas through incineration, heat recovery, rapid cooling, bag dust removal, water washing and alkali washing, defluorination and other processes before discharging the tail gas. In this patent, there are many processes and a long process flow, which is not conducive to the efficient treatment of recycled waste gas. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the above background technology and provide a power wave washing system, a lithium battery waste gas treatment system and method with a short process flow and conducive to efficient treatment of recycled waste gas from lithium batteries.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is:

[0006] A dynamic wave washing system for recycling waste gas from lithium batteries comprises a vertically arranged cylinder, an air inlet is provided at the top of the cylinder, a first nozzle for spraying out absorption liquid to contact the intake air of the air inlet and form a first foam absorption zone, a gas discharge device for gas discharge and a suction filter device for absorption liquid filtering are arranged in sequence in the cylinder from top to bottom, and a first flow guide device is provided at the first nozzle for promoting the absorption liquid in the first foam absorption zone to flow downward along the cylinder wall of the cylinder and the gas to flow uniformly downward along the middle cavity of the cylinder.

[0007] In the above-mentioned dynamic wave washing system, preferably, a second nozzle for spraying absorption liquid to contact the gas passing through the first foam absorption zone and forming a second foam absorption zone is provided in the cylinder between the first nozzle and the gas exhaust device, and the second nozzle is provided with a second guide device for promoting the absorption liquid in the second foam absorption zone to flow downward along the cylinder wall of the cylinder and the gas to flow uniformly downward along the central cavity of the cylinder.

[0008] By adding a second nozzle and a second flow guide device between the first nozzle and the gas discharge device, the contact efficiency between the gas and the absorption liquid can be further improved, forming a more effective second foam absorption zone, and improving the gas cooling, dust reduction, and fluorine and phosphorus removal effects. The first flow guide device and the second flow guide device used in the present invention optimize the gas-liquid flow path, so that the absorption liquid flows evenly along the cylinder wall, and the gas flows smoothly downward in the middle cavity. With the two-stage nozzle, the washing effect is enhanced, the energy consumption is reduced, and the gas-liquid separation performance is improved, and finally the working efficiency and stability of the entire power wave washing system are improved.

[0009] In the above-mentioned dynamic wave washing system, preferably, the first guide device and the second guide device each include a pair of upper conical plates and lower conical plates spaced apart from each other, the upper conical plates and the lower conical plates have central openings, and are sleeved on the first nozzle or the second nozzle through the openings, and the outer edges of the upper conical plates and the lower conical plates are provided with gaps between the outer edges and the wall of the cylinder for the absorption liquid to flow downward, and the upper conical plates and the lower conical plates are provided with through holes for gas to pass through.

[0010] The setting of the conical plate can guide the absorption liquid to flow downward along the cylinder wall, while the gas flows downward evenly in the middle cavity of the cylinder, reducing the mutual interference between gas and liquid and improving the orderliness of the flow.

[0011] In the above-mentioned dynamic wave washing system, preferably, a plurality of upper fan-shaped gas passage holes are evenly provided on the upper conical plate, so that the upper conical plate forms a structure in which upper fan-shaped gas passage holes and upper fan-shaped liquid guide plates are alternately arranged, and a plurality of lower fan-shaped gas passage holes are evenly provided on the lower conical plate, so that the lower conical plate forms a structure in which lower fan-shaped gas passage holes and lower fan-shaped liquid guide plates are alternately arranged, and the upper fan-shaped gas passage holes and the lower fan-shaped gas passage holes are staggered, so that the upper conical plate and the lower conical plate form a hole-free cone when superimposed. When the liquid flows to the upper fan-shaped liquid guide plate, the liquid will flow along the upper fan-shaped liquid guide plate to the edge of the upper conical plate and flow downward along the cylinder wall, and the gas will flow downward through the upper fan-shaped gas through hole. If there is liquid flowing downward through the upper fan-shaped gas through hole, due to the staggered arrangement of the upper fan-shaped gas through hole and the lower fan-shaped gas through hole, the liquid will also fall to the lower fan-shaped liquid guide plate, and through the guiding effect of the lower fan-shaped liquid guide plate, flow to the edge of the lower conical plate and flow downward along the cylinder wall, while the gas continues to flow downward along the lower fan-shaped gas through hole. This structural design helps the liquid flow along the cylinder wall, while the gas flows evenly downward in the middle cavity of the cylinder, reducing mutual interference, enhancing flow efficiency, and improving the cooling effect. In addition, the gas can be better diverted through the upper fan-shaped gas through hole and the lower fan-shaped gas through hole to improve the treatment effect.

[0012] In the above-mentioned power wave washing system, preferably, both sides of the upper fan-shaped liquid guide plate and both sides of the lower fan-shaped liquid guide plate are provided with baffles for guiding the absorption liquid falling thereon to the edge. The baffles can effectively guide the absorption liquid to the edge, ensuring that the liquid is guided to the edge after falling on the upper fan-shaped liquid guide plate and the lower fan-shaped liquid guide plate so that the liquid flows downward along the cylinder wall. The baffles can be arranged on the edges of both sides of the upper fan-shaped liquid guide plate and the lower fan-shaped liquid guide plate, and cooperate with the inclination angles of the upper fan-shaped liquid guide plate and the lower fan-shaped liquid guide plate themselves, so as to easily guide the absorption liquid.

[0013] In the above-mentioned dynamic wave washing system, preferably, a third flow guide device is provided in the cylinder above the first nozzle to promote the absorption liquid in the first foam absorption zone to flow downward along the cylinder wall of the cylinder and the gas to flow uniformly downward along the middle cavity of the cylinder, and the third flow guide device is located above the first foam absorption zone and connected to the first foam absorption zone. The structural form of the third flow guide device can be the same as that of the first flow guide device and the second flow guide device, that is, the third flow guide device includes a pair of upper and lower conical plates spaced apart from each other (the centers of the upper and lower conical plates may not have holes), and the outer edges of the upper and lower conical plates are provided with gaps for the absorption liquid to flow downward between the outer edges and the cylinder wall of the cylinder, and the upper and lower conical plates are provided with through holes for the gas to pass through. The upper conical plate is evenly provided with a plurality of upper fan-shaped gas passage holes, so that the upper conical plate forms a structure in which the upper fan-shaped gas passage holes and the upper fan-shaped liquid guide plates are alternately arranged; the lower conical plate is evenly provided with a plurality of lower fan-shaped gas passage holes, so that the lower conical plate forms a structure in which the lower fan-shaped gas passage holes and the lower fan-shaped liquid guide plates are alternately arranged, and the upper fan-shaped gas passage holes and the lower fan-shaped gas passage holes are staggered, so that the upper conical plate and the lower conical plate form a non-porous cone after being superimposed.

[0014] The third flow guide device is located above the first foam absorption zone and connected to the first foam absorption zone. The liquid sprayed from the first nozzle will reach the third flow guide device. At this time, a liquid film will be formed at the third flow guide device. The third flow guide device helps to promote the absorption liquid in the first foam absorption zone to flow downward along the cylinder wall and divert the gas entering from the air inlet. This design can more effectively manage and control the liquid flow path and realize the gas diversion, thereby improving the treatment effect of the first foam absorption zone.

[0015] In the above-mentioned dynamic wave washing system, preferably, the gas exhaust device includes a gas exhaust pipe and a diverter hood, the inlet of one end of the gas exhaust pipe is located in the middle of the inner cavity of the cylinder, and the outlet of the other end of the gas exhaust pipe is located outside the cylinder, the diverter hood is arranged above the inlet of the gas exhaust pipe, and the inner wall of the diverter hood and the outer wall of the gas exhaust pipe are provided with a plurality of upwardly inclined and spaced defogger plates (the defogger plates on the inner wall of the diverter hood and the defogger plates on the outer wall of the gas exhaust pipe are arranged alternately and spaced). By arranging the diverter hood above the inlet of the gas exhaust pipe, the diverter hood can prevent the liquid from falling directly into the gas exhaust pipe, and installing a plurality of upwardly inclined defogger plates on the inner wall of the diverter hood and the outer wall of the exhaust pipe can effectively separate the gas and the liquid mixed in the gas, and reduce the liquid droplets carried in the gas. The above-mentioned defogger plate can adopt a device in the prior art.

[0016] In the above-mentioned dynamic wave washing system, preferably, the suction filtration device includes a columnar filter body, the upper and lower ends of the columnar filter body are respectively closed by an upper sealing plate and a lower sealing plate, the lower sealing plate is connected to a negative pressure suction pipe, and the upper sealing plate is connected to a backwashing pipe. The suction filtration device can directly separate the smoke captured in the absorption liquid, and the separated absorption liquid is used for spraying to ensure the dust removal effect and the nozzle is always in good working condition. The design of the columnar filter body can provide a larger surface area, so that it can more fully contact the pollutants in the absorption liquid, thereby improving the filtration efficiency; the negative pressure suction pipe connected to the lower sealing plate uses the negative pressure suction principle to achieve the effect of suction filtration; the backwashing pipe connected to the upper sealing plate can be backwashed. When the filtering performance of the columnar filter body deteriorates due to blockage, backwashing can be performed to maintain the cleanliness and filtering efficiency of the columnar filter body. The above-mentioned backwashing solution can come from the clear liquid in the negative pressure suction pipe.

[0017] In the above-mentioned dynamic wave washing system, preferably, the outer wall of the cylinder is provided with a honeycomb cooling jacket, the lower end of the honeycomb cooling jacket is provided with a cooling water supply port, and the upper end of the honeycomb cooling jacket is provided with a cooling water return port. The provision of the honeycomb cooling jacket is equivalent to using circulating cooling water to cool the liquid film flowing down the inner wall of the cylinder in the form of falling film countercurrent cooling, further enhancing the cooling capacity of the circulating spray water on the exhaust gas, while the equipment structure is simpler and has better strength. The lower end of the honeycomb cooling jacket is provided with a cooling water supply port, and the upper end is provided with a cooling water return port. This design allows the cooling water to be evenly distributed in the jacket, thereby improving the cooling efficiency. At the same time, it helps to collect and recycle cooling water, reducing the waste of water resources.

[0018] In the above-mentioned power wave washing system, preferably, the outlet of the suction filtration device is connected to a clear liquid main pipe, and the outlet of the clear liquid main pipe includes a first branch and a second branch, and the first branch and the second branch are respectively connected to the first nozzle and the second nozzle. Through the coordinated work of the two nozzles, the absorption area can be more effectively covered, and the cooling efficiency and effect are improved. The absorption liquid sprayed from the first branch and the second branch can be the clear liquid obtained by suction filtration of the suction filtration device, and the absorption liquid can be recycled.

[0019] In the above-mentioned power wave washing system, preferably, the outlet of the clear liquid main pipe also includes a third branch, the third branch is connected to an ion exchange device, and the clear liquid treated by the ion exchange device is connected to the clear liquid main pipe. When it is detected that the fluorine and phosphorus ions in the absorption liquid exceed the standard, the absorption liquid is subjected to ion exchange using an ion exchange resin, and the fluorine ions and phosphate ions in the absorption liquid are adsorbed into the resin to produce pure sodium fluoride and sodium phosphate. The exchanged absorption liquid can be passed into the clear liquid main pipe for reuse and sprayed out through the first nozzle or the second nozzle for waste gas treatment.

[0020] In the above-mentioned power wave washing system, preferably, an online pH monitor is provided in the cylinder, and an alkali solution adding and distributing device is also provided on the cylinder. The online pH monitor can monitor the pH value in the cylinder in real time, and alkali solution can be added into the cylinder through the alkali solution adding and distributing device to absorb fluorine-containing phosphorus gas. The above-mentioned alkali solution adding and distributing device can adopt a ring made of a pipe, with holes opened on the ring for liquid distribution, and the alkali solution pipeline is connected to the ring.

[0021] As a general technical concept, the present invention provides a treatment system for recycled waste gas from lithium batteries, including a tail gas incinerator, an activated carbon adsorption device and the above-mentioned dynamic wave washing system, wherein the flue gas discharged from the tail gas incinerator enters the dynamic wave washing system, and the waste gas discharged from the dynamic wave washing system enters the activated carbon adsorption device, and the waste gas adsorbed by the activated carbon adsorption device is discharged. The dynamic wave washing system further removes acidic gases and particulate matter in the waste gas, while the activated carbon adsorption device removes odor from the gas to ensure that the final emissions meet environmental standards. This comprehensive treatment solution has a simple structure, a small number of devices, and low cost, which not only improves the efficiency and safety of waste gas treatment, but also reduces the impact on the environment.

[0022] As a general technical concept, the present invention provides a method for treating waste gas recovered from lithium batteries using the above-mentioned treatment system, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1: passing the recycled waste gas of the lithium battery into the tail gas incinerator for combustion, and controlling the flue gas temperature to above 700°C;

[0024] S2: passing the flue gas after incineration in the tail gas incinerator into the power wave washing system to achieve cooling, dust removal, and fluorine removal, and reduce the flue gas temperature to below 80°C;

[0025] S3: The activated carbon adsorption device is used to further deodorize the exhaust gas, and the gas is directly discharged.

[0026] The process of the treatment method for recycling waste gas from lithium batteries of the present invention is as follows: "waste gas → tail gas incinerator → power wave washing system → activated carbon adsorption device". The overall process is simple and only a few devices are needed to purify the waste gas and achieve emission standards. The process steps and the devices used in the process steps are introduced as follows:

[0027] The recycled waste gas from lithium batteries is directly introduced into the tail gas incinerator after being mixed with air, and most of the organic waste gas in the flue gas is removed by high-temperature combustion. The flue gas temperature at the outlet of the tail gas incinerator is controlled above 700°C by optimizing the air volume, and then it can directly enter the high-efficiency dust removal and cooling scrubber (i.e., the power wave washing system of the present invention) to reduce the generation of dioxins in the cooling process.

[0028] The flue gas enters the dynamic wave washing system, and through contact with the absorption liquid, the flue gas temperature is reduced to below 80°C, and most of the smoke in the flue gas is treated at the same time. The fluorine and phosphorus in the tail gas are absorbed by sodium hydroxide and enter the water. Therefore, the dynamic wave washing system can play a role in cooling, dust removal and fluorine removal, and realize the three processes of gas quenching (gas from 700°C to 80°C), acid gas absorption and purification, and dust washing and removal in one tower. That is, the three processes of gas quenching, acid gas absorption and purification, and dust washing and removal are completed simultaneously in the first foam zone and the second foam zone. The clean gas is discharged after dehydration and demisting by the gas exhaust device and enters the activated carbon adsorption device, thereby completing multiple process processes in one tower without adding subsequent equipment (including bag dust removal, graphite tower, etc.), thereby simplifying the process, reducing process control, reducing operation and maintenance, and saving investment.

[0029] The flue gas treated by the dynamic wave washing system is directly sent to the activated carbon adsorption device to absorb a small amount of unpleasant odor. In addition, when the activated carbon has reached a certain lifespan, it will be recycled to the exhaust gas incinerator for combustion treatment to reduce solid waste treatment. A fan is installed at the tail end, and the flue gas is sent to the chimney through the fan to meet the emission standards. The exhaust gas pollutants emitted meet the standards and have no unpleasant odor.

[0030] In the above process, the clear liquid in the power wave washing system enters the ion exchange resin for ion exchange, and the fluoride ions and phosphate ions in the absorption liquid are adsorbed into the resin. The exchanged sodium hydroxide can be passed into the power wave for reuse. When the resin is used to a certain extent and needs to be regenerated, sodium hydroxide is passed in for ion exchange to produce pure sodium fluoride and sodium phosphate, and the resin is regenerated at the same time.

[0031] The flue gas after cooling does not need to pass through a calcium defluorination tower and a water washing tower, etc., which shortens the process flow and reduces equipment investment. The cooling, dust removal, and fluorine and phosphorus removal processes are completed in the power wave washing system, achieving a multi-purpose effect of one tower.

[0032] In particular, the waste gas in the lithium battery recycling industry has the characteristics of high dust content, low water content, and fluorine-containing waste gas. The power wave washing system of the present invention sets the following structure to optimize the recycling process:

[0033] In view of the characteristics of controlling the flue gas temperature to above 700℃ after the incineration of lithium battery recycling tail gas, a special flow guide device (first, second and third flow guide devices) is designed to cooperate with the nozzle (first nozzle and second nozzle) to make the spray return liquid form a liquid film on the inner wall of the cylinder and flow downward evenly to protect the equipment from over-temperature. At the same time, the traditional power wave reverse nozzle and liquid storage section are separated and changed to an integrated cylinder. A honeycomb cooling jacket is set on the outside of the cylinder. The circulating cooling water is used to cool the liquid film on the inner wall of the cylinder in the form of falling film countercurrent cooling, further enhancing the cooling capacity of the circulating spray water on the exhaust gas. At the same time, the equipment structure is simpler and the strength is better.

[0034] In view of the low water content of lithium battery recycling tail gas and the large adiabatic evaporation cooling capacity of flue gas, multi-stage liquid spray is designed to cool the flue gas in stages. The specially designed diversion device has the function of breaking up and diverting the spray water of the next stage nozzle (that is, the third diversion device can cooperate with the first nozzle, and the first diversion device can cooperate with the second nozzle), further enhancing the formation efficiency and distribution uniformity of the foam in the foam zone, thereby greatly improving the contact area and contact time between the flue gas and the spray water, so as to achieve the rapid reduction of the flue gas temperature from 700℃ to 80℃.

[0035] In view of the characteristics of lithium battery recycling tail gas with high dust content and small dust particle size, the built-in integrated precision negative pressure filtration device can filter out more than 98% of the dust captured in the absorption liquid, and keep the clear liquid used for multi-stage spraying sufficiently clean, which can greatly improve the dust removal effect, and also solve the problems of large land occupation, high cost and high labor intensity of external filter press. The integrated precision negative pressure filtration device is also equipped with a special backwashing device, which can use the clear liquid generated by itself to flush the filter element to ensure the long-term and stable operation of the filtration device.

[0036] In view of the small amount of exhaust gas and compact layout of lithium battery recycling equipment, after analyzing the gas-liquid flow state, the gas-liquid diversion device was improved. The traditional separate gas-liquid diversion trough and demisting layer were changed to a built-in integrated diversion device. This device fully utilizes the gas-liquid flow characteristics in the reverse spray section to achieve efficient remaining diversion, ensuring the effect while reducing the manufacturing cost and floor space of the equipment by more than two-thirds.

[0037] In view of the fact that the concentrations of hydrogen fluoride and phosphorus pentafluoride in the tail gas from lithium battery recovery are not high and they are easily neutralized and absorbed by alkali solution, an alkali solution uniform distribution device and an online pH monitor are designed to purify the acidic gas in the tail gas.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0039] 1. The power wave washing system of the present invention replaces the traditional power wave reverse nozzle and liquid storage section with an integrated cylinder, and a first flow guide device and a first nozzle are arranged in the cylinder to cool, remove dust and remove fluorine and phosphorus from the exhaust gas. A gas exhaust device and a suction filtration device are also arranged to realize the functions of gas exhaust and repeated filtration of the absorption liquid. The power wave washing system of the present invention can realize multiple functions, can replace multiple equipment in the existing process flow, and has a good waste gas treatment effect, and can realize high-efficiency treatment of lithium battery recovery waste gas, and has good application prospects.

[0040] 2. The system and method for treating the recycled waste gas of lithium batteries of the present invention utilize a dynamic wave washing system to achieve multiple functions of cooling, dust removal, and fluorine and phosphorus removal. The gas discharged from the dynamic wave washing system only needs to be treated by an activated carbon adsorption device, which can complete the rapid cooling of high-temperature exhaust gas and avoid the temperature range where dioxins are easily generated, thereby reducing the generation of dioxins during the cooling process, shortening the process flow, reducing the number of equipment, and reducing investment costs and operating costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the power wave washing system in the embodiment.

[0043] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first nozzle and the first flow guide device in the embodiment.

[0044] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the AA section.

[0045] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the BB section.

[0046] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas exhaust device in the embodiment.

[0047] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the CC section.

[0048] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the filtration device in the embodiment.

[0049] Figure 8It is a structural schematic diagram of the alkali solution uniform distribution device in the embodiment.

[0050] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the DD section.

[0051] Fig.10 It is a process flow chart of the treatment method of recycled waste gas for lithium batteries in the embodiment.

[0052] Legend

[0053] 1. Cylinder; 2. Air inlet; 3. First nozzle; 4. Gas discharge device; 5. Filter device; 6. First flow guide device; 7. Second nozzle; 8. Second flow guide device; 9. Upper conical plate; 91. Upper fan-shaped gas through hole; 92. Upper fan-shaped liquid flow guide plate; 10. Lower conical plate; 101. Lower fan-shaped gas through hole; 102. Lower fan-shaped liquid flow guide plate; 11. Baffle; 12. Gap; 14. Third flow guide device; 15. Gas discharge pipe; 16. Divider hood; 17. Demisting plate; 18. Column Filter body; 19. Upper sealing plate; 20. Lower sealing plate; 21. Negative pressure suction pipe; 22. Backwash pipe; 23. Honeycomb cooling jacket; 24. Cooling water supply port; 25. Cooling water return port; 26. pH value online monitor; 27. Alkali solution dosing and distribution device; 28. Inspection port; 29. ​​Overflow port; 30. Slurry outlet; 34. Clear liquid main pipe; 341. First branch; 342. Second branch; 343. Third branch; 344. Fourth branch; 35. Ion exchange device; 36. Activated carbon adsorption device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively and meticulously below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0055] It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed, fixed, connected or connected to" another element, it can be directly fixed, fixed, connected or connected to the other element, or it can be indirectly fixed, fixed, connected or connected to the other element through other intermediate connectors.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, all the professional terms used below have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The professional terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0058] Example:

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the dynamic wave washing system for recycling waste gas from lithium batteries of this embodiment comprises a vertically arranged cylinder 1, an air inlet 2 is provided at the top of the cylinder 1, and a first nozzle 3 for spraying absorption liquid to contact the air intake of the air inlet 2 and form a first foam absorption zone, a gas discharge device 4 for gas discharge and a filtration device 5 for filtering the absorption liquid are arranged in sequence in the cylinder 1 from top to bottom, and a first flow guide device 6 for promoting the absorption liquid in the first foam absorption zone to flow downward along the cylinder wall of the cylinder 1 and the gas to flow uniformly downward along the middle cavity of the cylinder 1 is provided at the first nozzle 3.

[0060] In this embodiment, a second nozzle 7 for spraying out the absorption liquid and contacting the gas passing through the first foam absorption zone to form a second foam absorption zone is further provided between the first nozzle 3 and the gas discharge device 4 in the cylinder 1. A second flow guide device 8 for promoting the absorption liquid in the second foam absorption zone to flow downward along the cylinder wall of the cylinder 1 and the gas to flow uniformly downward along the middle cavity of the cylinder 1 is provided at the second nozzle 7. In this embodiment, the first nozzle 3 and the second nozzle 7 are used for two-stage spray cooling, and two sets of flow guide devices are also provided accordingly. Three or four nozzles can be provided for other cooling processes according to needs, and cooling treatment can be performed with a corresponding number of flow guide devices.

[0061] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the first guide device 6 and the second guide device 8 each include a pair of upper conical plates 9 and lower conical plates 10 spaced apart from each other, the upper conical plates 9 and the lower conical plates 10 have central openings, and are sleeved on the first nozzle 3 or the second nozzle 7 through the openings, and gaps 12 for the downward flow of the absorption liquid are provided between the outer edges of the upper conical plates 9 and the lower conical plates 10 and the cylinder wall of the cylinder 1, and through holes for the gas to pass through are provided on the upper conical plates 9 and the lower conical plates 10.

[0062] In this embodiment, a plurality of upper fan-shaped gas passage holes 91 are evenly provided on the upper conical plate 9, so that the upper conical plate 9 forms a structure in which the upper fan-shaped gas passage holes 91 and the upper fan-shaped liquid guide plates 92 are alternately arranged, and a plurality of lower fan-shaped gas passage holes 101 are evenly provided on the lower conical plate 10, so that the lower conical plate 10 forms a structure in which the lower fan-shaped gas passage holes 101 and the lower fan-shaped liquid guide plates 102 are alternately arranged, and the upper fan-shaped gas passage holes 91 and the lower fan-shaped gas passage holes 101 are staggered, so that the upper conical plate 9 and the lower conical plate 10 are superimposed to form a non-porous cone.

[0063] In this embodiment, baffles 11 are provided on both sides of the upper fan-shaped liquid guide plate 92 and both sides of the lower fan-shaped liquid guide plate 102 for guiding the absorption liquid falling thereon to the edge.

[0064] In this embodiment, a third flow guide device 14 is provided above the first nozzle 3 in the cylinder 1 to promote the absorption liquid in the first foam absorption zone to flow downward along the cylinder wall of the cylinder 1 and the gas to flow evenly downward along the middle cavity of the cylinder 1. The third flow guide device 14 is located above the first foam absorption zone and connected to the first foam absorption zone. The structure of the third flow guide device 14 can be similar to that of the first flow guide device 6 and the second flow guide device 8, and the structure of the first flow guide device 6 and the second flow guide device 8 can be referred to.

[0065] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the gas exhaust device 4 includes a gas exhaust pipe 15 and a diverter hood 16. The inlet at one end of the gas exhaust pipe 15 is located in the middle of the inner cavity of the cylinder 1, and the outlet at the other end of the gas exhaust pipe 15 is located outside the cylinder 1. The diverter hood 16 is arranged above the inlet of the gas exhaust pipe 15, and a plurality of upwardly inclined and spaced defogger plates 17 are provided on the inner wall of the diverter hood 16 and the outer wall of the gas exhaust pipe 15.

[0066] like Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the suction filter device 5 includes a columnar filter body 18, the upper and lower ends of the columnar filter body 18 are respectively closed by an upper sealing plate 19 and a lower sealing plate 20, a negative pressure suction pipe 21 is connected to the lower sealing plate 20, and a backwash pipe 22 is connected to the upper sealing plate 19. The absorption liquid after the spray gas is filtered and processed by the suction filter device 5, and the obtained absorption liquid enters the clear liquid main pipe 34 through the negative pressure suction pipe 21. When the suction filter device 5 is cleaned, it only needs to add clear liquid to the backwash pipe 22 to complete it.

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the outer wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with a honeycomb cooling jacket 23, the lower end of the honeycomb cooling jacket 23 is provided with a cooling water supply port 24, and the upper end of the honeycomb cooling jacket 23 is provided with a cooling water return port 25.

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the outlet of the filtration device 5 is connected to the clear liquid main pipe 34, and the outlet of the clear liquid main pipe 34 includes a first branch 341 and a second branch 342, and the first branch 341 and the second branch 342 are connected to the first nozzle 3 and the second nozzle 7 respectively.

[0069] In this embodiment, the outlet of the clear liquid main pipe 34 further includes a third branch 343 , the third branch 343 is connected to the ion exchange device 35 , and the clear liquid treated by the ion exchange device 35 is connected to the clear liquid main pipe 34 .

[0070] In this embodiment, the outlet of the clear liquid main pipe 34 further includes a fourth branch 344 . The fourth branch 344 is connected to the backwashing pipeline 22 and is used for backwashing the suction filtration device 5 .

[0071] like Figure 1 , Figure 8-Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, a pH value online monitor 26 is provided in the cylinder 1, and an alkali solution adding and distributing device 27 is also provided on the cylinder 1. The pH value online monitor 26 can monitor the pH value of the liquid online, and the alkali solution adding and distributing device 27 can replenish alkali solution into the cylinder 1 in time according to the monitored pH value to absorb the fluorine-containing gas in the cylinder 1. The alkali solution adding and distributing device 27 can be a ring structure.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a plurality of inspection ports 28 are provided on the cylinder 1, and the plurality of inspection ports 28 are located near the first nozzle 3 and the first flow guide device 6, the second nozzle 7 and the second flow guide device 8, the gas exhaust device 4, the filtration device 5, and the alkali solution dosing and distribution device 27, so as to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of each device and ensure the long-term and stable operation of the equipment.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, an overflow port 29 is provided above the alkali solution dosing and distributing device 27, and the overflow port 29 is used to control the liquid level in the cylinder 1 to prevent the liquid level from being too high and affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

[0074] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a slurry outlet 30 is provided below the cylinder 1, and the slurry deposited in the cylinder 1 can be discharged outward through the slurry outlet 30, which is easy to operate.

[0075] The processing system for recycling waste gas from lithium batteries of this embodiment includes a tail gas incinerator, an activated carbon adsorption device 36 and the above-mentioned dynamic wave washing system. The flue gas discharged from the tail gas incinerator enters the dynamic wave washing system, and the waste gas discharged from the dynamic wave washing system enters the activated carbon adsorption device 36. The waste gas adsorbed by the activated carbon adsorption device 36 is discharged.

[0076] The method for treating the waste gas recovered from lithium batteries using the above-mentioned treatment system in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0077] S1: The recycled waste gas of lithium batteries is passed into the tail gas incinerator for combustion, and the flue gas temperature is controlled to be above 700℃;

[0078] S2: The flue gas after being incinerated in the tail gas incinerator is passed into the dynamic wave washing system to achieve cooling, dust removal, and fluorine removal, and the flue gas temperature is reduced to below 80°C;

[0079] S3: The exhaust gas is further deodorized using the activated carbon adsorption device 36, and the gas is directly discharged.

[0080] Specifically, Fig.10As shown, the process flow of the treatment method for recycled waste gas of lithium batteries in this embodiment is as follows: "Recycled waste gas → tail gas incinerator → power wave washing system → activated carbon adsorption device 36", and the process is simple. The specific process flow can be: the recycled waste gas of the lithium battery enters the tail gas incinerator for incineration treatment, and the high-temperature flue gas after incineration enters the cylinder 1 through the air inlet 2, and the high-temperature waste gas is sprayed by the first nozzle 3 and the second nozzle 7 to achieve a sudden drop in temperature, and absorb the fluorine-phosphorus gas and smoke in the waste gas. The gas after absorption and treatment is deodorized by the activated carbon adsorption device 36 and then discharged. When the fluorine and phosphorus content in the absorption liquid is too high, the absorption liquid can be treated by the ion exchange device 35.

[0081] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power wave washing system for recycling waste gas from lithium batteries, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vertically arranged cylinder (1), wherein the top of the cylinder (1) is provided with an air inlet (2), and the cylinder (1) is provided with a first nozzle (3) for spraying out absorption liquid to contact the air inlet (2) and form a first foam absorption zone, a gas discharge device (4) for discharging gas, and a suction filter device (5) for filtering the absorption liquid, wherein the first nozzle (3) is provided with a first flow guide device (6) for promoting the absorption liquid in the first foam absorption zone to flow downward along the cylinder wall of the cylinder (1) and the gas to flow evenly downward along the middle cavity of the cylinder (1); The first flow guide device (6) comprises a pair of upper conical plates (9) and lower conical plates (10) spaced apart from each other, the upper conical plates (9) and lower conical plates (10) having central openings and being sleeved on the first nozzle (3) through the openings, a gap (12) for downward flow of absorption liquid being provided between the outer edges of the upper conical plates (9) and lower conical plates (10) and the cylinder wall of the cylinder (1), and through holes for gas to pass through being provided on the upper conical plates (9) and lower conical plates (10); The upper conical plate (9) is evenly provided with a plurality of upper fan-shaped gas passage holes (91), so that the upper conical plate (9) forms a structure in which the upper fan-shaped gas passage holes (91) and the upper fan-shaped liquid guide plates (92) are alternately arranged; the lower conical plate (10) is evenly provided with a plurality of lower fan-shaped gas passage holes (101), so that the lower conical plate (10) forms a structure in which the lower fan-shaped gas passage holes (101) and the lower fan-shaped liquid guide plates (102) are alternately arranged; and the upper fan-shaped gas passage holes (91) and the lower fan-shaped gas passage holes (101) are staggered, so that the upper conical plate (9) and the lower conical plate (10) form a non-porous cone when they are superimposed.

2. The power wave washing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second nozzle (7) for spraying out absorption liquid to contact the gas passing through the first foam absorption zone and forming a second foam absorption zone is provided in the cylinder (1) between the first nozzle (3) and the gas exhaust device (4). The second nozzle (7) is provided with a second flow guide device (8) for promoting the absorption liquid in the second foam absorption zone to flow downward along the cylinder wall of the cylinder (1) and the gas to flow evenly downward along the central cavity of the cylinder (1).

3. The power wave washing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second flow guide device (8) also comprises a pair of upper conical plates (9) and lower conical plates (10) spaced apart from each other, the upper conical plates (9) and lower conical plates (10) having central openings and being sleeved on the second nozzle (7) through the openings, a gap (12) for downward flow of absorption liquid being provided between the outer edges of the upper conical plates (9) and lower conical plates (10) and the cylinder wall of the cylinder (1), and through holes for gas to pass through being provided on the upper conical plates (9) and lower conical plates (10).

4. The power wave washing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the upper fan-shaped liquid guide plate (92) and both sides of the lower fan-shaped liquid guide plate (102) are provided with baffles (11) for guiding the absorption liquid falling onto them to the edges.

5. The power wave washing system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A third flow guide device (14) is provided above the first nozzle (3) in the cylinder (1) for promoting the absorption liquid in the first foam absorption zone to flow downward along the cylinder wall of the cylinder (1) and the gas to flow evenly downward along the middle cavity of the cylinder (1). The third flow guide device (14) is located above the first foam absorption zone and is connected to the first foam absorption zone.

6. The power wave washing system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The gas discharge device (4) comprises a gas discharge pipe (15) and a flow divider (16); an inlet at one end of the gas discharge pipe (15) is located in the middle of the inner cavity of the cylinder (1); an outlet at the other end of the gas discharge pipe (15) is located outside the cylinder (1); the flow divider (16) is arranged above the inlet of the gas discharge pipe (15); and a plurality of upwardly inclined and spaced defogger plates (17) are provided on the inner wall of the flow divider (16) and the outer wall of the gas discharge pipe (15).

7. The power wave washing system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The filtration device (5) comprises a columnar filter body (18), the upper and lower ends of the columnar filter body (18) being respectively sealed by an upper sealing plate (19) and a lower sealing plate (20), the lower sealing plate (20) being connected to a negative pressure suction pipe (21), and the upper sealing plate (19) being connected to a backwash pipe (22).

8. The power wave washing system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the cylinder (1) is provided with a honeycomb cooling jacket (23), the lower end of the honeycomb cooling jacket (23) is provided with a cooling water supply port (24), and the upper end of the honeycomb cooling jacket (23) is provided with a cooling water return port (25).

9. The power wave washing system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The outlet of the filtration device (5) is connected to a clear liquid main pipe (34), and the outlet of the clear liquid main pipe (34) comprises a first branch (341) and a second branch (342), and the first branch (341) and the second branch (342) are respectively connected to the first nozzle (3) and the second nozzle (7).

10. The power wave washing system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The outlet of the clear liquid main pipe (34) further comprises a third branch (343), the third branch (343) is connected to an ion exchange device (35), and the clear liquid treated by the ion exchange device (35) is connected to the clear liquid main pipe (34).

11. The power wave washing system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: An online pH value monitor (26) is provided in the cylinder (1), and an alkali solution dosing and distribution device (27) is also provided on the cylinder (1).

12. A system for treating waste gas from lithium battery recycling, characterized in that: It comprises an exhaust gas incinerator, an activated carbon adsorption device (36) and a dynamic wave washing system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the flue gas discharged from the exhaust gas incinerator enters the dynamic wave washing system, the waste gas discharged from the dynamic wave washing system enters the activated carbon adsorption device (36), and the waste gas adsorbed by the activated carbon adsorption device (36) is discharged.

13. A method for treating waste gas recovered from lithium batteries using the treatment system described in claim 12, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: passing the recycled waste gas of the lithium battery into the tail gas incinerator for combustion, and controlling the flue gas temperature to above 700°C; S2: passing the flue gas after incineration in the tail gas incinerator into the power wave washing system to achieve cooling, dust removal, and fluorine removal, and reduce the flue gas temperature to below 80°C; S3: The activated carbon adsorption device (36) is used to further deodorize the exhaust gas, and the gas is directly discharged.

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