Atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy-absorbing material
By introducing a circular bubble generator and pore structure into the atomization nozzle, the spraying difficulties caused by the non-Newtonian fluid characteristics of the nano-energy-absorbing materials are solved, and stable pumping and high-quality spraying of the nano-energy-absorbing materials are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411647042.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
AI Technical Summary
There is a lack of atomization nozzles suitable for nanoenergy-absorbing materials in the prior art, especially since the nanoenergy-absorbing materials have non-Newtonian fluid characteristics and high viscosity, making it difficult to achieve continuous and stable spraying and uniform atomization.
Atomization nozzle including a circular bubble generator and a nozzle is designed. By setting through holes between the guide fins, nano-energy-absorbing materials are pumped with gas, and annular flow spraying is realized through the air holes to reduce material damage. and improve spray quality.
The continuous and stable pumping of nano-energy-absorbing materials and the improvement of spraying quality are achieved, which reduces the resistance during the spraying process, and improves the uniformity of spraying and atomization effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN119237188A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of atomizing nozzles, and in particular relates to an atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy-absorbing materials. Background Art
[0002] Nano energy-absorbing materials are uniform flowable fluids. When impacted by external forces, the impact energy is converted into solid-liquid interfacial energy and frictional heat energy. When the external force is removed, the functional liquid flows out of the nanopores. The material can be reused many times. The energy absorption density can reach more than 60 J / g, which is dozens or even hundreds of times that of traditional energy-absorbing materials. The energy absorption effect is still excellent when facing nonlinear, high-speed impacts or even multiple impacts.
[0003] The nano energy-absorbing material is composed of a non-wetting liquid and a molecular sieve. The non-wetting liquid is one or more of deionized water, lubricating oil, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, potassium chloride, potassium carbonate, sodium hexametaphosphate, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride powder, agar, dextrin, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. The molecular sieve is a nanoporous material, specifically one or more of nanoporous molecular sieves ZSM-5, ZSM-22, zeolite, silicon dioxide, alumina, silica, activated carbon, titanium dioxide and carbon nanotubes.
[0004] The existing nano energy absorbing materials adopt the filling process to fill the nano energy absorbing materials in a preset polymer shell to achieve energy absorption. For the protection of large flat objects, it is more appropriate to use a spray method, but there is no atomizing nozzle for nano energy absorbing materials in the prior art. The main reason is that the nano energy absorbing material has the characteristics of a non-Newtonian fluid, and the viscosity is above 40000 mPa·s, and it contains a molecular sieve structure. How to set up an atomizing nozzle that meets the above requirements is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention
[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy absorbing materials, so as to solve the problem that the existing equipment does not involve an atomizing nozzle for nano energy absorbing materials.
[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention discloses an atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy absorbing materials, comprising: A cylindrical barrel, wherein the side wall of the cylindrical barrel is provided with a feed inlet; A circulating bubble generator, wherein the circulating bubble generator is arranged inside a cylindrical barrel; a gap exists between the circulating bubble generator and the inner wall of the cylindrical barrel; a plurality of guide fins are arranged on the periphery of the circulating bubble generator; the plurality of guide fins cooperate with the cylindrical barrel to form a buffer chamber, a material modification chamber and a pressure equalization chamber in sequence from upstream to downstream along the material movement direction of the feed port; a through hole is arranged on the surface of the circulating bubble generator between the plurality of guide fins; The nozzle is arranged at the end of the cylindrical barrel, and a nozzle is arranged at the core of the nozzle; an air hole is arranged at the end of the circulating bubble generator; the axis of the air hole coincides with the axis of the nozzle.
[0007] Furthermore, the volume ratio of the buffer chamber, the material modification chamber and the pressure equalization chamber is 1: (2.0-2.5): (1.8-2.3).
[0008] Furthermore, the extension direction of the guide fin located upstream of the material movement direction is set at a first angle to the axis of the circulating bubble generator; the extension direction of the guide fin located downstream of the material movement direction is set at a second angle to the axis of the circulating bubble generator; The value range of the first angle is 20-45°; the second angle is 0.4-0.6 times of the first angle; The first angle and the second angle are deflected toward the same side; The guide fin located upstream of the material moving direction has a first flow area; the guide fin located downstream of the material moving direction has a second flow area; The second flow area is larger than the first flow area.
[0009] Furthermore, the cross-sectional area of the through hole is compared with the cross-sectional area of the pore in a ratio of 1:(0.7~1).
[0010] Furthermore, the surface of the circulating bubble generator in the material modification chamber is provided with at least one circle of arc-shaped groove around its axis; and the through hole is arranged at the lowest point of the arc-shaped groove.
[0011] Further, the distance between the lowest point of the arc groove and the non-arc groove area is L1; the distance between the outer surface of the circulating bubble generator in the non-arc groove area and the inner surface of the cylindrical barrel is L2; the length projection of the arc groove along the axis of the circulating bubble generator is L3; The following equation is satisfied between L1, L2 and L3: ; in, and are the correction coefficients of the respective equations.
[0012] Furthermore, when multiple arc grooves are included, the diameter of the through hole opened on the arc groove located upstream in the material movement direction is smaller than the diameter of the through hole opened on the arc groove downstream in the material movement direction; the aperture size of the through hole does not exceed 0.5mm.
[0013] Furthermore, when a plurality of arcuate grooves are included, the arcuate grooves located downstream in the material movement direction are formed by through holes of different sizes, and among the through holes of different sizes, the ratio of the large hole diameter to the small hole diameter is (1.5~2.0):1.
[0014] Furthermore, the nozzle includes a contraction section and an expansion section from the inside to the outside; the contraction section and the expansion section are both in a cone shape, and the top angle of the inner cone surface of the contraction section is greater than the top angle of the inner cone surface of the expansion section.
[0015] Furthermore, the pore is formed by contraction of the end of the annular bubble generator; the pore includes an outer conical surface and an inner conical surface, and a turbulent cavity is formed between the outer conical surface and the inner conical surface of the contraction section of the nozzle; the outer conical surface and the inner conical surface of the contraction section of the nozzle have the same taper, and the distance between the two is greater than the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the pressure equalization cavity; The ratio of the projected lengths of the contraction section and the expansion section in the direction of the nozzle axis is 10:(1.2~2.0); The extension line of the inner conical surface intersects with the inner conical surface of the contraction section, and the distance between the intersection point and the minimum inner diameter of the nozzle is 1 / 3 to 1 / 4 of the minimum inner diameter of the nozzle; The minimum inner diameter of the air hole is D1, the minimum inner diameter of the nozzle is D2, and D1 is smaller than D2; The vertex angle of the inner conical surface ranges from 50° to 60°, and the vertex angle of the outer conical surface ranges from 85° to 95°.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The invention discloses an atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy absorbing materials. Since the nano energy absorbing materials have non-Newtonian fluid characteristics, if a stable pressure is maintained for pumping, the resistance is large and continuous spraying cannot be performed. However, if intermittent material supply is adopted, the atomization degree in the spraying process is different, resulting in poor spraying quality. The invention provides through holes between flow fins. When a circular bubble generator pumps gas into the nano energy absorbing material, the gas acts as an elastic pad. Even if a stable pressure is adopted for pumping, the nano energy absorbing material can be continuously and stably pumped, thereby improving the spraying quality. Secondly, the gas modifies the nano energy absorbing material, and a large pressure is absorbed by the gas, thereby reducing the damage of the nano porous material in the nano energy absorbing material. Meanwhile, the gas in a flow path is ejected through the pores to realize annular flow spraying, thereby improving the spraying uniformity and the spraying quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of an atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy-absorbing materials provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of a circulating bubble generator provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A front view of a circulating bubble generator provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the material modification chamber structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the end and nozzle of the circulating bubble generator provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of columnar airflow and radial airflow provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Among them: 10-cylindrical barrel; 11-feed port; 20-circulation bubble generator; 21-guide fins; 22, through hole; 23-air hole; 230-outer conical surface; 231-inner conical surface; 24-arc groove; 30-buffer chamber; 31-material modification chamber; 32-pressure equalization chamber; 33-turbulent chamber; 40-nozzle; 41-nozzle; 42-contraction section; 43-expansion section; 50-columnar airflow; 51-radial airflow; X2-airflow movement direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0019] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0020] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention discloses an atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy-absorbing materials, comprising: a cylindrical barrel 10, a side wall of the cylindrical barrel 10 is provided with a feed port 11; a circulating bubble generator 20, the circulating bubble generator 20 is a hollow shaft and its core is used to convey gas, the circulating bubble generator 20 is arranged in the cylindrical barrel 10, the outer wall of the circulating bubble generator 20 has two guide fins 21, a through hole 22 is arranged between the two guide fins 21, the two guide fins 21 cooperate with the cylindrical barrel 10, and a buffer chamber 30, a material modification chamber 31 and a pressure equalizing chamber 32 are formed in sequence from upstream to downstream along the material movement direction X1; a nozzle 40, the nozzle 40 is arranged at the end of the cylindrical barrel 10, a nozzle 41 is arranged at its core, and an air hole 23 is arranged at the end of the circulating bubble generator 20, and the axis of the air hole 23 coincides with the axis of the nozzle 41.
[0021] It should be pointed out that the air flow movement direction X2 in the present invention includes two flow paths, one flow path is that the gas passes through the core of the circulating bubble generator 20 and is ejected along the pores 23, and the other flow path is that the gas flows through the through hole 22 toward the material modification chamber 31; wherein the material is a nano energy-absorbing material.
[0022] The atomizing nozzle provided by the present invention is suitable for nano energy absorbing materials. First, the nano energy absorbing material has non-Newtonian fluid characteristics. If a stable pressure is maintained for pumping, the resistance is large and continuous spraying cannot be performed. However, if intermittent material supply is adopted, the degree of atomization during the spraying process is different, resulting in poor spraying quality. The present application sets a through hole 22 between the guide fins 21 to pump gas into the nano energy absorbing material. The gas acts as an elastic pad. Even if a stable pressure is used for pumping, the nano energy absorbing material can be continuously and stably pumped, thereby improving the spraying quality. Secondly, the gas modifies the nano energy absorbing material, and a large pressure is absorbed by the gas, thereby reducing the damage to the nano porous material in the nano energy absorbing material. Finally, the gas in a flow path is ejected through the pores 23 to achieve annular flow spraying, thereby improving the spraying uniformity and the spraying quality.
[0023] Preferably, the volume ratio of the buffer chamber 30, the material modification chamber 31 and the pressure equalizing chamber 32 is 1: (2.0-2.5): (1.8-2.3); the selection of the above volume ratio is based on the following considerations. First, the buffer chamber 30 is used to buffer the material to ensure that when the material supply fluctuates, it can be buffered to ensure the smooth progress of the subsequent spraying process, but the buffer chamber 30 is set as small as possible. Considering that the nano energy-absorbing material has non-Newtonian fluid mechanics, if it is too large, it is easy to cause an increase in pumping pressure and poor pumping effect; secondly, considering the difficulty of mixing the gas with the material, the volume of the material modification chamber 31 is increased; finally, the volume setting formula of the pressure equalizing chamber 32 is, on the one hand, to prevent the end nano energy-absorbing fluid from affecting the material modification chamber by the action of the gas, and on the other hand, to age the nano energy-absorbing material filled with part of the gas to increase the mixing degree between the gas and the nano energy-absorbing material.
[0024] It should be noted that the volume of the buffer cavity 30 in the embodiment of the present invention does not exceed 400mm 3 .
[0025] like Figure 3As shown in the figure, the extension direction of the guide fin 21 located upstream is set at a first angle α with the axis of the circulating bubble generator 20; the extension direction of the guide fin 21 located downstream is set at a second angle β with the axis of the circulating bubble generator 20; the value range of the first angle is 20°~45°, the second angle is 0.4-0.6 times the first angle, and the first angle and the second angle are deflected to the same side; the guide fin 21 located upstream has a first flow area, and the guide fin 21 located downstream has a second flow area, and the second flow area is larger than the first flow area; by connecting the two guide fins The sheet 21 is set to be inclined, increasing the flow path of the nano energy absorbing material in the material modification chamber 31, and improving the gas penetration of the nano energy absorbing material. However, the first angle and the second angle cannot be set too small. If they are too small, the increase in the flow path is small. In order to improve the gas penetration of the nano energy absorbing material, it is necessary to increase the length of the material modification chamber 31, but the increase in length leads to an increase in the travel resistance of the material. However, the first angle and the second angle cannot be set too large. Too large will also increase the resistance of the guide fin 21 to the material. Therefore, for the nano energy absorbing material, the first angle is set at 20°~45°, and the second angle is the first angle. When the angle is 0.4-0.6 times of the first angle, the increase in the material flow path can be achieved under the condition of increasing the resistance less; secondly, the second angle is set to be smaller than the first angle to further reduce the resistance of the guide fin 21 to the material. Since the material has a certain rotational flow tendency after passing through the upstream guide fin 21, but the angle between the flow velocity and the axis gradually decreases with the increase of the flow distance, the angle between the flow velocity of the material and the axis is reduced and adapted to the second angle to minimize the resistance of the downstream guide fin 21 to the material. The "adaptation" means that the angle between the terminal flow velocity of the material and the axis is larger than the second angle. The difference is not much, such as within 5°; finally, the second flow area is larger than the first flow area to reduce the resistance of the downstream guide fin 21 to the material; although the non-Newtonian tendency of the nano energy-absorbing material is reduced or weakened after gas penetration, there is still a problem of large resistance, and the above-mentioned setting ensures that the gas penetration of the nano energy-absorbing fluid is not affected while reducing the resistance to the fluid, and the downstream guide fin 21 prevents the interaction between the gas and the material during the spraying process from causing a sudden change in the movement of the upstream material, causing the material flow state between the two guide fins 21 to change, affecting the gas penetration of the material.
[0026] Preferably, the ratio of the area of the through hole 22 to the cross-sectional area of the pore 23 is 1:(0.7~1). It should be noted that the through hole 22 includes a plurality of through holes, and the through hole area here is the total area of all through holes 22, and the area of the through hole 22 and the cross-sectional area of the pore 23 are limited mainly to limit the partial pressure of the through hole 22 and the pore 23, so that the gas partial pressure between the two can ensure the penetration of the material and the effect of the circulating atomization, and it should be noted that the through hole 22 is arranged on the side of the exchange bubble generator 20, and the pore 23 is arranged in the axial direction of the exchange bubble generator 20, the through hole adopts static pressure partial pressure, and the pore 20 has dynamic pressure partial pressure.
[0027] like Figure 3 As shown, the surface of the circulating bubble generator in the material modification chamber is provided with at least one arc groove 24 around its axis, and the through hole 22 is provided at the lowest point of the arc groove 24. When the material passes through the arc groove 24, its volume expands, negative pressure is generated inside, and gas is absorbed through the through hole 22, and this method can increase the penetration depth of the gas into the material; it prevents bubbles from being generated only in the material in contact with the surface of the circulating bubble generator 20, or the depth of gas penetration into the material is shallow.
[0028] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown, the distance L1 between the lowest point of the arc groove 24 and the non-arc groove area, the distance L2 between the outer surface of the circulating bubble generator 20 in the non-arc groove area and the inner surface of the cylindrical barrel 10, and the length projection L3 of the arc groove 24 along the axis of the circulating bubble generator 20 satisfy the following formula: ; in, and is a correction coefficient; when L1, L2 and L3 satisfy the above relationship, it can ensure that the gas penetrates through the through hole 22 to the material in contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical barrel 10; in the embodiment of the present invention, The value range is 0.45-0.60, The value range is 4-6.
[0029] Specifically, when a plurality of arc grooves 24 are included, such as Figure 3As shown, it includes three arc grooves 24, the diameter of the through hole 22 opened on the arc groove 24 located upstream of the material is smaller than the diameter of the through hole 22 opened on the arc groove 24 downstream, and the aperture size does not exceed 0.5mm; the aperture size affects the penetration depth of the gas. When the aperture is small, the gas penetrates deeper, and when the aperture is large, the gas is easy to gather on the surface of the material and the circulating bubble generator 20. Therefore, the material is first loosened through a small aperture, and then a large aperture is used to increase the penetration efficiency, improve the gas penetration depth and efficiency, and reduce the volume of the material modification chamber 31, but the aperture of the through hole 22 cannot be too large, which is easy to cause gas aggregation and reduce the penetration uniformity.
[0030] Preferably, when a plurality of arcuate grooves 24 are included, Figure 1 and 5 As shown, the arc groove 24 located at the most downstream of the material is formed by through holes 22 of different sizes, and the ratio of the large hole diameter to the small hole diameter is (1.5~2.0):1; the mixture of large and small pores improves the coordinated setting of small and large pores and improves the synergistic penetration effect of the two.
[0031] Specifically, Figure 5 As shown, the nozzle 40 includes a contraction section 42 and an expansion section 43 from the inside to the outside, and a nozzle 41 is formed at the connection between the contraction section 42 and the expansion section 43. The contraction section 42 and the expansion section 43 are both in a cone shape, and the top angle α0 of the inner cone surface of the contraction section 42 is greater than the top angle β0 of the inner cone surface of the expansion section 43; the inner cone surface of the contraction section 42 is used to gather the mixture of the material and the gas to improve the atomization degree of the material, while the inner cone surface of the expansion section 43 is used to relieve the pressure of the compressed nano energy absorbing material. The gas inside the nano energy absorbing material droplets explodes after the pressure is relieved, so that the nano energy absorbing material droplets are further refined, the atomization effect is better, and the poor uniformity of the droplet size is avoided.
[0032] like Figure 5 As shown, the air hole 23 is formed by the contraction of the end of the annular bubble generator 20, and includes an outer conical surface 230 and an inner conical surface 231. A turbulent cavity 33 is formed between the outer conical surface 230 and the inner conical surface of the contraction section of the nozzle 40. The outer conical surface 230 and the inner conical surface of the contraction section 42 of the nozzle 40 have the same taper, and the distance between the two is greater than the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the pressure equalization cavity 32; the ratio of the projection length of the contraction section 42 to the expansion section 43 in the axial direction of the nozzle 40 is 10: (1.2~2.0), as shown in FIG. Figure 5As shown, L4 is the projection of the contraction section 42 on the axis A, and L5 is the projection of the expansion section 43 on the axis A; the extension line A1 of the inner conical surface 231 intersects with the inner conical surface of the contraction section 42, and the distance L6 between the intersection point P0 and the minimum inner diameter of the nozzle 40 is 1 / 3 to 1 / 4 of the minimum inner diameter D2 of the nozzle 40; the minimum inner diameter D1 of the air hole 23 is smaller than the minimum inner diameter D2 of the nozzle 40; the vertex angle range of the inner conical surface 231 is 50°-60°, and the vertex angle range of the outer conical surface 230 is 85°~95°; the nozzle 40 is used as an atomizing nozzle The scientific and reasonable design of the nozzle 40 is a crucial component, which can improve the atomization effect and the uniformity of the spraying. In order to achieve the above effect, the present invention defines the size relationship between the pore 23 and the nozzle 40. The difference between the minimum inner diameter D2 of the nozzle 40 and the minimum inner diameter D1 of the pore 23 is the size of the annular flow. But at the same time, more importantly, how to pre-treat the material, especially the nano-energy-absorbing material, to meet the subsequent formation of the annular flow is particularly critical. Based on the above considerations, the present application sets a spoiler chamber 33. The spoiler chamber 33 is used to relieve the pressure on the material on the one hand, and on the other hand, Figure 6 As shown, due to the existence of the air hole 23, the gas includes two action ranges: a columnar airflow 50 and an emission airflow 51. The columnar airflow 50 is adapted to form an annular flow with the nozzle 41 of the nozzle, and the emission airflow 51 interacts with the inner cone of the contraction section 42 to pre-treat the material; and more importantly, the distance L6 between the intersection P0 and the minimum inner diameter of the nozzle is 1 / 3 to 1 / 4 of the minimum inner diameter D2 of the nozzle, which ensures that an appropriate amount of material is preliminarily treated to meet the annular flow requirement for the amount of pre-treated material. If the amount of pre-treated material is large, the more air kinetic energy is lost, and the energy for forming the columnar airflow 50 is reduced; if the amount of pre-treated material is small, the annular flow requirement for the amount of material is not met, resulting in a poor atomization effect.
[0033] The above contents are only for explaining the technical idea of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. An atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy absorbing materials, characterized in that: include: A cylindrical barrel (10), wherein the side wall of the cylindrical barrel (10) is provided with a feed inlet (11); A circulating bubble generator (20), wherein the circulating bubble generator (20) is arranged inside a cylindrical barrel (10); a gap is present between the circulating bubble generator (20) and the inner wall of the cylindrical barrel (10); a plurality of guide fins (21) are arranged on the outer periphery of the circulating bubble generator (20); the plurality of guide fins (21) cooperate with the cylindrical barrel (10) to sequentially form a buffer chamber (30), a material modification chamber (31) and a pressure equalization chamber (32) along a material movement direction of the feed inlet (11) from upstream to downstream; and through holes (22) are arranged on the surface of the circulating bubble generator (20) between the plurality of guide fins (21); A nozzle (40) is arranged at the end of the cylindrical barrel (10), and a nozzle (41) is arranged at the center of the nozzle (40); an air hole (23) is arranged at the end of the circulating bubble generator (20); and the axis of the air hole (23) coincides with the axis of the nozzle (41).
2. The atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy absorbing materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume ratio of the buffer chamber (30), the material modification chamber (31) and the pressure equalization chamber (32) is 1:(2.0-2.5):(1.8-2.3).
3. The atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy absorbing materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide fins (21) located upstream in the material movement direction extend in a direction that forms a first angle with the axis of the circulating bubble generator (20); the guide fins (21) located downstream in the material movement direction extend in a direction that forms a second angle with the axis of the circulating bubble generator (20); The value range of the first angle is 20-45°; the second angle is 0.4-0.6 times of the first angle; The first angle and the second angle are deflected toward the same side; The guide fin (21) located upstream in the material movement direction has a first flow area; the guide fin (21) located downstream in the material movement direction has a second flow area; The second flow area is larger than the first flow area.
4. The atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy absorbing materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the through hole (22) to the cross-sectional area of the pore (23) is 1:(0.7-1).
5. The atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy absorbing materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the circulating bubble generator (20) in the material modification chamber (31) is provided with at least one arc-shaped groove (24) around its axis; the through hole (22) is arranged at the lowest point of the arc-shaped groove (24).
6. The atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy absorbing materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between the lowest point of the arc-shaped groove (24) and the non-arc-shaped groove area is L1; the distance between the outer surface of the circulating bubble generator (20) in the non-arc-shaped groove area and the inner surface of the cylindrical barrel (10) is L2; the length projection of the arc-shaped groove (24) along the axis of the circulating bubble generator (20) is L3; The following equation is satisfied between L1, L2 and L3: ； in, and are the correction coefficients of the respective equations.
7. The atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy absorbing materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: When a plurality of arcuate grooves (24) are included, the diameter of the through hole (22) provided on the arcuate groove (24) located upstream in the material movement direction is smaller than the diameter of the through hole (22) provided on the arcuate groove (24) located downstream in the material movement direction; the aperture size of the through hole (22) does not exceed 0.5 mm.
8. The atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy absorbing materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: When a plurality of arcuate grooves (24) are included, the arcuate grooves (24) located downstream in the material movement direction are formed by spacing through holes (22) of different sizes, and among the through holes (22) of different sizes, the ratio of the aperture of the large hole to the aperture of the small hole is (1.5-2.0):
1.
9. The atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy absorbing materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle (40) comprises, from the inside to the outside, a contraction section (42) and an expansion section (43); the contraction section (42) and the expansion section (43) are both in a cone shape, and the top angle of the inner cone surface of the contraction section (42) is greater than the top angle of the inner cone surface of the expansion section (43).
10. The atomizing nozzle suitable for nano energy absorbing materials according to claim 9, characterized in that: The air hole (23) is formed by contraction of the end of the annular bubble generator (20); the air hole (23) comprises an outer conical surface (230) and an inner conical surface (231); a turbulent cavity (33) is formed between the outer conical surface (230) and the inner conical surface of the contraction section (42) of the nozzle (40); the outer conical surface (230) and the inner conical surface of the contraction section (42) of the nozzle (40) have the same taper, and the distance between the two is greater than the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the pressure equalization cavity (32); The ratio of the projected lengths of the contraction section (42) and the expansion section (43) in the axial direction of the nozzle (40) is 10:(1.2-2.0); An extension line of the inner conical surface (231) intersects with the inner conical surface of the contraction section (42), and the distance between the intersection point and the minimum inner diameter of the nozzle (40) is 1 / 3 to 1 / 4 of the minimum inner diameter of the nozzle (40); The minimum inner diameter of the air hole (23) is D1, the minimum inner diameter of the nozzle (40) is D2, and D1 is smaller than D2; The vertex angle of the inner conical surface (231) ranges from 50° to 60°, and the vertex angle of the outer conical surface (230) ranges from 85° to 95°.