Immersed combustion kiln
By adopting immersion combustion and multi-stage segmented oxygen supply technology in the kiln, combined with water-cooling sleeves and spray cooling systems, the problems of high energy consumption and refractory brick erosion of the full oxygen combustion kiln are solved, and energy consumption is reduced and kiln is achieved The furnace life is extended.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411371378.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-03
AI Technical Summary
In glass smelting, the existing fully oxygen combustion kilns have problems such as high energy consumption, increased oxygen combustion, increased flue gas volatiles, intensified refractory brick erosion and increased heat resistance requirements of kiln equipment.
Using an immersion combustion kiln, the melting temperature of the glass liquid is reduced by setting up a multi-stage mixed burner and an accurate combustion control system in the kiln, and spraying is used in the cooling system. Head to cool.
It reduces the melting temperature of the glass liquid, reduces energy consumption, extends the service life of the kiln, saves oxygen consumption, and improves the fire resistance of the kiln and the heat resistance of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN119241035A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of kilns, and in particular relates to an immersion combustion kiln. Background Art
[0002] In the glass smelting industry, considering factors such as product characteristics, process requirements, and cost, different glass products will use different kilns, such as oxy-fuel kilns, air-fuel kilns, and electric-heating kilns. Currently, the most popular kilns in China are oxy-fuel kilns.
[0003] At present, the oxyfuel combustion method in the oxyfuel combustion furnace is that the flame burns on the glass liquid, and the glass is melted into glass liquid by heat radiation. It requires a higher flame temperature and has the following problems:
[0004] 1. High temperature increases the amount of oxygen combustion, energy consumption and cost;
[0005] 2. As the oxygen combustion rate increases, the volatile matter in the flue gas increases, the frequency of dust removal and cleaning of volatile matter increases, the workload increases, and the content of nitrogen oxides increases accordingly;
[0006] 3. The increase in temperature intensifies the erosion of the refractory bricks in the kiln, shortens the life of the bricks, and increases the requirements for refractory bricks;
[0007] 4. The increase in temperature increases the requirements for the heat resistance level and performance of the kiln's supporting equipment.
[0008] In view of the above problems, a submerged combustion kiln is designed. Summary of the invention
[0009] The present invention aims at solving the problems in the prior art and proposes the following technical solutions:
[0010] Submerged combustion kiln, including:
[0011] A furnace body with glass liquid raw materials placed inside, the furnace body comprising a pool bottom, a pool wall and a pool top, the pool bottom, the pool wall and the pool top are all provided with independently spliced refractory bricks;
[0012] A plurality of submerged multi-stage mixing burners, wherein the plurality of submerged multi-stage mixing burners are respectively arranged on the bottom and the wall of the pool, and the head ends of the submerged multi-stage mixing burners are covered by glass liquid raw materials;
[0013] A combustion control system, wherein the combustion control system accurately controls the combustion ratio of fuel and oxygen in the submerged multi-stage mixing burner;
[0014] An electrical control system, which dynamically monitors the flame state, combustion temperature and cooling parameters of the submerged multi-stage mixing burner and adjusts the fuel flow rate and fuel pressure;
[0015] The submerged multi-stage mixing burner is provided with a central fuel passage, a primary oxygen supply passage, a secondary oxygen supply passage and a tertiary oxygen supply passage in sequence from the inside to the outside. The primary oxygen supply passage, the secondary oxygen supply passage and the tertiary oxygen supply passage are all connected with the central fuel passage to supply oxygen to the submerged multi-stage mixing burner in multiple stages. A fuel pipeline and a purge gas pipeline are provided on the central fuel passage.
[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the primary oxygen supply passage covers the middle part of the central fuel passage, and the primary oxygen supply passage is connected with the middle part of the central fuel passage; the secondary oxygen supply passage covers the head of the primary oxygen supply passage and a part of the central fuel passage, and the secondary oxygen supply passage is connected with a part of the central fuel passage; the tertiary oxygen supply passage covers the head of the secondary oxygen supply passage and the head of the central fuel passage, and the tertiary oxygen supply passage is connected with the head of the central fuel passage;
[0017] The primary oxygen supply passage is provided with a primary passage inlet, the secondary oxygen supply passage is provided with a secondary passage inlet, and the tertiary oxygen supply passage is provided with a tertiary passage inlet.
[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a water cooling jacket is provided on the outside of the submerged multi-stage mixing burner, and a water inlet pipe A and a return water pipe are provided through the water cooling jacket, and a temperature transmitter A and a flow sensor are provided on the return water pipe.
[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a plurality of secondary burners are arranged on the top of the pool.
[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, it also includes a cooling system arranged outside the kiln body;
[0021] The cooling system includes a shell arranged outside the kiln body and a spray head embedded in the shell. A spray space is formed between the shell and the kiln body. There are multiple spray heads, and the heads of the spray heads extend into the interior of the spray space.
[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the plurality of spray heads are connected to the same water inlet pipe B, and a collecting pipe is provided at the lower part of the shell, and the collecting pipe is connected to the spray space;
[0023] An induced draft fan is arranged at the upper part of the spraying space, and an exhaust pipe is arranged at the upper part of the shell, and the exhaust pipe is communicated with the spraying space.
[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the combustion control system includes a filtering unit, a pressure reducing and stabilizing unit, a safety protection unit, a flow monitoring unit and a flow control unit;
[0025] The combustion control system also includes a temperature transmitter B, a pressure transmitter and a pressure alarm device.
[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the fuel of the submerged multi-stage mixing burner and the secondary burner is any one of natural gas, hydrogen and propane.
[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0028] The submerged combustion kiln in the present technical solution, 1. adopts the method of submerged combustion, that is, the head end of the submerged multi-stage mixing burner is covered by the glass liquid raw material, and the ejected flame directly contacts the glass liquid raw material for combustion. The heat generated by the submerged multi-stage mixing burner is completely absorbed by the glass liquid, so that the temperature required to melt the glass is reduced; the reduction in the required temperature not only reduces energy consumption, but also increases the service life of the kiln.
[0029] 2. The submerged multi-stage mixing burner adopts a multi-stage segmented oxygen supply method, that is, the fuel is supplied into the interior of the central fuel passage through the fuel pipeline, and the oxidant is supplied for the first time through the first-level oxygen supply passage, the second time through the second-level oxygen supply passage, and the third time through the third-level oxygen supply passage. Through proportional control, the oxygen wraps the fuel and mixes it in the burner for full combustion, ensuring full combustion, without producing oxygen enrichment, and saving oxygen consumption.
[0030] 3. In the submerged multi-stage mixing burner, when encountering de-ignition or tempering, the system quickly switches to the purge gas pipeline to deliver the purge gas, so that the glass liquid does not penetrate into the gun nozzle. After the fault is eliminated, the combustion is directly started or the burner is directly taken out for inspection and maintenance to achieve the purpose of protecting the burner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0031] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the submerged combustion kiln in Example 1;
[0032] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of an immersed multi-stage mixing burner in Example 1;
[0033] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling system in Example 1;
[0034] Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the combustion control system in Example 1.
[0035] Figure numerals: kiln body 10; pool bottom 11; pool wall 12; pool top 13; submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20; central fuel passage 21; fuel pipeline 211; purge gas pipeline 212; primary oxygen supply passage 22; primary passage inlet 221; secondary oxygen supply passage 23; secondary passage inlet 231; tertiary oxygen supply passage 24; tertiary passage inlet 241; water cooling jacket 25; water inlet pipeline A251; return water pipeline 252; temperature transmitter A253; flow sensor 254; secondary burner 30; cooling system 40; shell 41; spray space 42; spray head 43; water inlet pipeline B44; collecting pipeline 45; induced draft fan 46; exhaust pipe 47; combustion control system 50; filtering unit 51; pressure reducing and stabilizing unit 52; safety protection unit 53; flow monitoring unit 54; flow control unit 55; temperature transmitter B56; pressure transmitter 57; pressure alarm device 58. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments.
[0037] Example 1
[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the submerged combustion kiln comprises:
[0039] A furnace body 10 is provided with glass liquid raw materials inside, and the furnace body 10 includes a pool bottom 11, a pool wall 12 and a pool top 13. The pool bottom 11, the pool wall 12 and the pool top 13 are all provided with independently spliced refractory bricks. The independently spliced refractory bricks can be directly replaced if a certain refractory brick is corroded in the future without stopping the furnace, and the size of the furnace can also be flexibly adjusted;
[0040] There are a plurality of submerged multi-stage mixed burners 20, the fuel of which is any one of natural gas, hydrogen, propane and the like. The plurality of submerged multi-stage mixed burners 20 are respectively arranged on the pool bottom 11 and the pool wall 12, and the head ends of the submerged multi-stage mixed burners 20 are covered by glass liquid raw materials;
[0041] A combustion control system 50, the combustion control system 50 accurately controls the combustion ratio of fuel and oxygen in the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20;
[0042] An electrical control system, which dynamically monitors the flame state, combustion temperature and cooling parameters of the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20, and adjusts the fuel flow rate and fuel pressure;
[0043] The submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20 is provided with a central fuel passage 21, a primary oxygen supply passage 22, a secondary oxygen supply passage 23 and a tertiary oxygen supply passage 24 in sequence from the inside to the outside. The primary oxygen supply passage 22, the secondary oxygen supply passage 23 and the tertiary oxygen supply passage 24 are all connected with the central fuel passage 21, and oxygen is supplied to the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20 in multiple stages. A fuel pipeline 211 and a purge gas pipeline 212 are provided on the central fuel passage 21.
[0044] In the submerged combustion furnace of the present technical solution, glass liquid raw materials are put into the interior of the furnace body 10, and the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20, the head end of which is covered by the glass liquid raw materials, ejects flames that directly contact the glass liquid raw materials for combustion, and smelts the glass liquid raw materials. The combustion control system 50 accurately controls the combustion ratio of fuel and oxygen in the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20; the electrical control system dynamically monitors the flame state, combustion temperature and cooling parameters of the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20, adjusts the fuel flow rate and fuel pressure, and ensures the smelting effect of the glass liquid raw materials; wherein, when de-fired or tempered is encountered, the system cuts off the delivery of fuel in the fuel pipeline 211, and quickly switches to the purge gas pipeline 212 to deliver the purge gas to protect the burner. The gas can be non-flammable gases such as air and nitrogen.
[0045] The submerged combustion kiln in the present technical solution, 1. adopts the method of submerged combustion, that is, the head end of the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20 is covered by the glass liquid raw material, and the ejected flame directly contacts the glass liquid raw material for combustion. The heat generated by the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20 is completely absorbed by the glass liquid, so that the temperature required to melt the glass is reduced; the reduction in the required temperature not only reduces energy consumption, but also increases the service life of the kiln.
[0046] 2. The submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20 adopts a multi-stage segmented oxygen supply method, that is, the fuel is supplied into the interior of the central fuel passage 21 through the fuel pipeline 211, and the oxidant is supplied for the first time through the primary oxygen supply passage 22, the second time through the secondary oxygen supply passage 23, and the third time through the tertiary oxygen supply passage 24. Through proportional control, the oxygen wraps the fuel and mixes and burns fully in the burner, ensuring full combustion, without producing oxygen enrichment, and saving oxygen consumption.
[0047] 3. In the submerged multi-stage mixed burner 20, when de-ignition or tempering occurs, the system quickly switches to the purge gas pipeline 212 to deliver the purge gas, so that the glass liquid does not penetrate into the gun nozzle, and the combustion can be directly started or the burner can be directly taken out for inspection and maintenance after the fault is eliminated, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting the burner; the submerged multi-stage mixed burner 20 is inserted into the glass liquid for combustion, and the burner flame must overcome the resistance of the glass liquid to prevent de-ignition and cessation of firing. Once the cessation of firing occurs, the combustion control system will cut off the fuel and oxygen. At this time, the glass liquid will penetrate into the gun nozzle of the burner and crystallize, which will block the gun nozzle and cause damage to the burner or cause inconvenience in maintenance.
[0048] In order to ensure the multi-stage oxygen supply in the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20, further, as Figure 2 As shown, the primary oxygen supply passage 22 covers the middle part of the central fuel passage 21, and the primary oxygen supply passage 22 is connected with the middle part of the central fuel passage 21; the secondary oxygen supply passage 23 covers the head of the primary oxygen supply passage 22 and a part of the central fuel passage 21, and the secondary oxygen supply passage 23 is connected with a part of the central fuel passage 21; the tertiary oxygen supply passage 24 covers the head of the secondary oxygen supply passage 23 and the head of the central fuel passage 21, and the tertiary oxygen supply passage 24 is connected with the head of the central fuel passage 21;
[0049] The primary oxygen supply passage 22 is provided with a primary passage inlet 221, and the primary oxidant is input into the interior of the primary oxygen supply passage 22 through the primary passage inlet 221; the secondary oxygen supply passage 23 is provided with a secondary passage inlet 231, and the secondary oxidant enters the interior of the secondary oxygen supply passage 23 through the secondary passage inlet 231; the tertiary oxygen supply passage 24 is provided with a tertiary passage inlet 241, and the tertiary oxidant enters the interior of the tertiary oxygen supply passage 24 through the tertiary passage inlet 241.
[0050] The fuel inside the central fuel passage 21 contacts with the primary oxidant, the secondary oxidant, and the tertiary oxidant in sequence, thereby completing the setting of fully mixing the fuel inside the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20.
[0051] In order to solve the problem that the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20 is inserted into the glass liquid for combustion, the high temperature of the glass liquid directly affects the service life of the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20, such as Figure 2 As shown, a water cooling jacket 25 is provided on the outside of the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20, and a water inlet pipe A251 and a return water pipe 252 are provided through the water cooling jacket 25. A temperature transmitter A253 and a flow sensor 254 are provided on the return water pipe 252. The temperature transmitter A253 and the flow sensor 254 are provided to monitor the temperature and flow rate changes of the water in real time, and monitor whether there is any abnormality in the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20, so as to ensure the cooling effect.
[0052] The cooling water flows into the water cooling jacket 25 through the water inlet pipe A251, and after the heat exchange, it flows out through the return pipe 252. The submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20 is cooled by the water cooling jacket 25 to ensure the service life of the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20.
[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of secondary burners 30 are arranged on the pool top 13, and the fuel of the secondary burners 30 is any one of natural gas, hydrogen, propane and the like.
[0054] A secondary burner 30 is arranged on the pool top 13, that is, a secondary burner 30 is arranged in the space above the glass liquid, 1. It can maintain the furnace temperature to prevent the glass liquid from being affected by temperature shock; 2. During combustion, the unburned fuel discharged from the glass liquid is burned again to reduce the emission of carbon oxides.
[0055] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the submerged combustion kiln also includes a cooling system 40 arranged outside the kiln body 10; the setting of the cooling system 40 is to cool down the kiln body 10, 1. to solve the problem that in a high-temperature furnace body environment, the temperature inside the furnace will be conducted outward, resulting in a high temperature of the air around the furnace body, which is not conducive to manual operation and maintenance; 2. Under the exchange of cold and heat, the glass liquid forms a thick glass layer near the pool wall of the kiln body 10, reducing the possibility of erosion of the pool wall; 3. By reducing the possibility of erosion of the pool wall, the seepage of the glass liquid can be effectively avoided.
[0056] The cooling system 40 in this embodiment is highly comprehensive, mainly manifested in that the cooling system 40 includes a shell 41 arranged outside the kiln body 10, a spray head 43 embedded in the shell 41, a spray space 42 is formed between the shell 41 and the kiln body 10, and the number of the spray heads 43 is multiple and evenly distributed on the shell 41, and the heads of the spray heads 43 extend to the inside of the spray space 42; cooling water is splashed onto the kiln body 10 by the spray heads 43, and then flows down from the kiln body 10 and is collected in the spray space 42.
[0057] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, multiple spray heads 43 are connected to the same water inlet pipe B44, a collecting pipe 45 is provided at the lower part of the shell 41, and the collecting pipe 45 is connected to the spray space 42; an induced draft fan 46 is provided at the upper part of the spray space 42, and an exhaust pipe 47 is provided at the upper part of the shell 41, and the exhaust pipe 47 is connected to the spray space 42.
[0058] In the cooling system 40 of the present technical solution, cooling water is input through the water inlet pipe B44, the water flowing after being sprayed out by the sprinkler head 43 is collected and discharged through the collecting pipe 45, and the water vapor generated by contact with the kiln body 10 is collected and discharged through the exhaust pipe 47. Among them, the design of the induced draft fan 46 allows the generated water vapor to be rotated to drain it, which is beneficial to the discharge of the water vapor.
[0059] The cooling system 40 in this technical solution achieves the purpose of cooling the kiln body 10 by spraying cold water on the kiln body 10 in the closed spray space 42. This solves the problem that the traditional water bag cooling has strict requirements on pipe welding and must not have leakage, which increases the difficulty of production, and there will be leakage risks in the later operation, and the risks are uncontrollable. At the same time, it solves the problem that the open spray water cooling, water splashes everywhere, the generated water vapor diffuses around the furnace body, which is inconvenient to manage and operate, and garbage is brought into the cooling water tank when the circulating water is collected, clogging the pipe.
[0060] like Figure 4 As shown, the combustion control system 50 includes a filtering unit 51, a pressure reducing and stabilizing unit 52, a safety protection unit 53, a flow monitoring unit 54 and a flow control unit 55; the combustion control system 50 also includes a temperature transmitter B56, a pressure transmitter 57 and a pressure alarm device 58.
[0061] The setting of the combustion control system 50 can accurately control the combustion ratio of fuel and oxygen of the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20, stabilize the system pressure, control the flame state and the kiln temperature to ensure the safe operation of the entire system. The accuracy of fluid flow control can reach 0.2%, which solves the problem that the submerged burner is inserted into the glass liquid for combustion, which is crucial to the rigidity and strength of the flame, as well as the control of the flow rate. The high-precision and high-safety combustion control system 50 is perfectly used in conjunction with the submerged multi-stage mixing burner 20.
[0062] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them.
Claims
1. Submerged combustion kiln, characterized in that: include: A kiln body (10) with glass liquid raw materials placed inside, the kiln body (10) comprising a pool bottom (11), a pool wall (12) and a pool top (13), the pool bottom (11), the pool wall (12) and the pool top (13) are all provided with independently spliced refractory bricks; A plurality of submerged multistage mixing burners (20), wherein the plurality of submerged multistage mixing burners (20) are respectively arranged on the pool bottom (11) and the pool wall (12), and the head ends of the submerged multistage mixing burners (20) are covered by glass liquid raw materials; A combustion control system (50), wherein the combustion control system (50) accurately controls the combustion ratio of fuel and oxygen in the submerged multi-stage mixing burner (20); An electrical control system, wherein the electrical control system dynamically monitors the flame state, combustion temperature and cooling parameters of the submerged multi-stage mixing burner (20) and adjusts the fuel flow rate and fuel pressure; The submerged multi-stage mixing burner (20) is provided with a central fuel passage (21), a primary oxygen supply passage (22), a secondary oxygen supply passage (23) and a tertiary oxygen supply passage (24) in sequence from the inside to the outside. The primary oxygen supply passage (22), the secondary oxygen supply passage (23) and the tertiary oxygen supply passage (24) are all connected to the central fuel passage (21) to supply oxygen to the submerged multi-stage mixing burner (20) in multiple stages. The central fuel passage (21) is provided with a fuel pipeline (211) and a purge gas pipeline (212).
2. The submerged combustion kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary oxygen supply passage (22) covers the middle portion of the central fuel passage (21), and the primary oxygen supply passage (22) is connected to the middle portion of the central fuel passage (21); the secondary oxygen supply passage (23) covers the head portion of the primary oxygen supply passage (22) and a portion of the central fuel passage (21), and the secondary oxygen supply passage (23) is connected to a portion of the central fuel passage (21); the tertiary oxygen supply passage (24) covers the head portion of the secondary oxygen supply passage (23) and a portion of the central fuel passage (21), and the tertiary oxygen supply passage (24) is connected to the head portion of the central fuel passage (21); The primary oxygen supply passage (22) is provided with a primary passage inlet (221), the secondary oxygen supply passage (23) is provided with a secondary passage inlet (231), and the tertiary oxygen supply passage (24) is provided with a tertiary passage inlet (241).
3. The submerged combustion kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water cooling jacket (25) is provided on the outside of the submerged multi-stage mixing burner (20), a water inlet pipe A (251) and a water return pipe (252) are provided through the water cooling jacket (25), and a temperature transmitter A (253) and a flow sensor (254) are provided on the water return pipe (252).
4. The submerged combustion kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of secondary burners (30) are arranged on the pool top (13).
5. The submerged combustion kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also included is a cooling system (40) disposed outside the kiln body (10); The cooling system (40) comprises a shell (41) arranged outside the kiln body (10) and a spray head (43) embedded in the shell (41); a spray space (42) is formed between the shell (41) and the kiln body (10); there are multiple spray heads (43), and the heads of the spray heads (43) extend into the interior of the spray space (42).
6. The submerged combustion kiln according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of spray heads (43) are connected to the same water inlet pipe B (44); a collecting pipe (45) is provided at the lower part of the shell (41); and the collecting pipe (45) is connected to the spray space (42); An induced draft fan (46) is disposed at the upper portion of the spraying space (42), and an exhaust pipe (47) is disposed at the upper portion of the shell (41), and the exhaust pipe (47) is communicated with the spraying space (42).
7. The submerged combustion kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion control system (50) comprises a filtering unit (51), a pressure reducing and stabilizing unit (52), a safety protection unit (53), a flow monitoring unit (54) and a flow control unit (55); The combustion control system (50) further comprises a temperature transmitter B (56), a pressure transmitter (57) and a pressure alarm device (58).
8. The submerged combustion kiln according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuels of the submerged multi-stage mixing burner (20) and the secondary burner (30) are any one of natural gas, hydrogen and propane.