Special formula fertilizer for rice as well as preparation method and application of special formula fertilizer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of special compound fertilizers for rice, and discloses a special formula fertilizer for rice as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and the special formula fertilizer for rice comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 0.01-15 parts of a selenium fertilizer (in terms of selenium content), 0.01-3 parts of a zinc fertilizer (in terms of zinc content), 20-30 parts of humic acid, 0.5-1.5 parts of chitin, 40-80 parts of an inorganic fertilizer and 10-20 parts of a dispersing agent. According to the scheme, organic and inorganic fertilizers are reasonably utilized, and trace elements for improving the rice quality are combined, so that the nutritional value of rice can be improved while the rice yield is ensured, and the economic benefit is improved. Specifically, compared with an existing fertilizer free of selenium, zinc, proline and chitin, after the fertilizer is applied, the rice yield of each hectare of field pieces is increased by 138-743 kg, the income is increased by 151-817 yuan, the protein content of rice processing quality is increased by 19.7-56.5%, and the zinc and selenium contents in rice are remarkably increased, so that the overall quality of the rice is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of special compound fertilizer for rice, and in particular to a special formula fertilizer for rice and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Rice yield and quality are affected by water and fertilizer regulation factors. Whether fertilizer management is reasonable determines the final rice yield and rice quality to a certain extent. For a long time, the large-scale input of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers has achieved high crop yields, but this has also led to the lack of trace elements, especially zinc and selenium, in the farmland system, thus limiting the yield and quality of crops. Zinc is a necessary trace element for the human body, involved in the synthesis and activation of many enzymes and growth hormones in the human body, affecting human health, and playing a vital role in the growth and development of human tissues and organs. Selenium is one of the essential trace elements for human health. As the staple food of most of the population in my country, the selenium content of rice is closely related to the selenium nutritional status of the human body. According to the "Chinese Residents' Dietary Nutrient Reference Intake" standard, the average selenium requirement (EAR) for adults is 50ug / d, but the average selenium content in rice in my country is only 0.025mg / kg, and the selenium content that adults consume through rice every day is far lower than the demand. Therefore, increasing the selenium content in rice is currently the most economical and effective way to supplement selenium.

[0003] In addition to trace elements such as zinc and selenium, various exogenous hormones, plant metabolites (humic acid), etc. can also affect the formation of rice quality to a certain extent. However, although there are many types of soil fertilizers and foliar fertilizers on the market, most of them have single functions and are not satisfactory in improving rice quality.

[0004] In recent years, compound fertilizers have been increasingly used in rice production. Compound fertilizers usually contain two or more important nutrients required for plant growth, with few by-products and good physical properties. They can provide multiple nutrients with one application. The combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers can not only meet the nutrient requirements for high and stable rice yields, but also ensure the continuous improvement of soil fertility and the improvement of soil properties. The fertilization effect of organic and inorganic compound fertilizers is very obvious. However, existing compound fertilizers are dedicated to specifically improving certain trace elements in rice, but ignore nutritional balance and other qualities of rice, and the effect of improving the overall nutritional balance of rice is still limited.

[0005] In view of this, this plan develops a special formula fertilizer for rice, which not only effectively makes up for the shortcomings of the existing technology, but also through the rational use of organic and inorganic fertilizers, combined with trace elements that improve rice quality, it improves the nutritional value of rice while ensuring rice yield, improves economic benefits, and is of great significance to increasing rice production and improving rice quality. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a special formula fertilizer for rice and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing compound fertilizer still has limited effect on the balanced improvement of the overall nutrition of rice.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a special formula fertilizer for rice, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.01-15 parts of selenium fertilizer (calculated by selenium content), 0.01-3 parts of zinc fertilizer (calculated by zinc content), 20-30 parts of humic acid, 0.5-1.5 parts of chitin, 40-80 parts of inorganic fertilizer, and 10-20 parts of dispersant.

[0008] Preferably, as an improvement, the selenium fertilizer is EDTA-Se and the zinc fertilizer is EDTA-Zn.

[0009] Beneficial effect: This scheme adopts organic zinc fertilizer and selenium fertilizer, which have high solubility in water and effectively improve the utilization efficiency of fertilizer; in addition, it can also improve the absorption and storage effect of rice, thereby effectively increasing the accumulation of selenium and zinc in rice, thereby improving the nutrition and quality of rice.

[0010] Preferably, as an improvement, the humic acid is potassium fulvic acid, with an organic content of 60-75 parts, fulvic acid of 35-55 parts, amino acids of 5-15 parts, and potassium content of 4-8 parts.

[0011] Beneficial effects: The potassium humate used in this scheme contains rich organic matter, can improve soil structure, promote plant root growth, and has good biological activity. On the one hand, it can effectively adjust the pH value of the paddy field to be neutral, which is more suitable for the growth of rice; on the other hand, potassium humate can improve the soil aggregate structure, increase the air permeability and water retention capacity of the soil, thereby creating a better soil environment for the growth of rice; in addition, potassium humate helps to improve the effectiveness of trace elements in the soil, promote the absorption of trace elements by rice, and then enhance the resistance and growth potential of rice, thereby effectively increasing rice yield and improving rice nutrition. And potassium humate, as an organic fertilizer, is derived from natural peat, lignite or molasses fermentation residues, etc. It is a soluble substance obtained after a series of chemical treatments. It is environmentally friendly and will not cause problems such as soil compaction or heavy metal residues. It is conducive to the development of sustainable agriculture and is environmentally friendly and pollution-free.

[0012] Preferably, as an improvement, the inorganic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 25 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 15 to 25 parts of potassium fertilizer, and 15 to 30 parts of phosphorus fertilizer.

[0013] Beneficial effects: This scheme effectively improves the yield and quality of rice by optimizing the dosage combination of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer. First of all, the inorganic fertilizer combination of this scheme effectively increases rice yield. Specifically, nitrogen fertilizer is one of the three essential elements for plant growth and is a component of important biological molecules such as protein, nucleic acid and chlorophyll. An appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer can promote the growth of rice leaves and enhance photosynthesis, thereby increasing the biomass and yield of rice. Potassium fertilizer can improve the stress resistance of rice and enhance the drought and disease resistance of plants. Potassium can also promote the synthesis and transportation of carbohydrates, thereby increasing the fullness and fruiting rate of rice grains. Phosphorus fertilizer is essential for the root development of rice, which can promote root growth and improve the ability of rice to absorb nutrients and water. In addition, phosphorus fertilizer can also accelerate the growth cycle of rice and make rice mature early. Secondly, the inorganic fertilizer combination of this scheme effectively improves the quality of rice, such as nitrogen fertilizer increases protein content, potassium fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer can promote starch accumulation, improve the soft and glutinous taste of rice, increase the aroma of rice, and phosphorus fertilizer can make rice harder, not easy to break, and easy to store and transport. In addition, the inorganic fertilizer combination of this scheme effectively enhances stress resistance, such as potassium fertilizer can effectively improve drought resistance, potassium fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer can enhance the disease resistance of rice, reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, and thus reduce the use of pesticides. Then, the inorganic fertilizer combination of this scheme effectively promotes root development, such as phosphorus fertilizer can promote the development of rice roots, increase the length and density of the root system, and improve the ability of rice to absorb nutrients and water in the soil, and nitrogen fertilizer can promote the activity of rhizosphere microorganisms, enhance the activity of the root system, and further promote nutrient absorption. Finally, the inorganic fertilizer combination of this scheme is compounded with organic fertilizers, which can further improve soil structure and improve fertilizer utilization. In summary, the application of reasonable proportions of nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and phosphorus fertilizer as inorganic fertilizers in rice cultivation can significantly increase rice yield and quality, improve the taste of rice, and enhance rice's resistance to stress. Scientific fertilization can not only improve economic benefits, but also promote sustainable agricultural development.

[0014] Preferably, as an improvement, the inorganic fertilizer also includes 0.1 to 0.5 parts of boron fertilizer.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Boron is one of the trace elements necessary for plant growth. Although the demand is not large, it plays an important physiological role in plants. Specifically, the role of boron fertilizer in rice cultivation mainly includes: 1. Promoting cell wall formation: First, boron can promote the cross-linking of pectin substances in the cell wall, promote cell wall synthesis and strengthen the structural stability of the cell wall. Secondly, boron plays an important role in cell division and expansion, affecting the synthesis of cell walls and the function of cell membranes, and promoting rice growth. 2. Enhance photosynthesis: Boron participates in the transport and metabolism of sugars, helps the normal transport of photosynthesis products, improves photosynthesis efficiency, effectively promotes the accumulation of rice nutrition, and improves rice quality. 3. Improve root vitality: Boron can promote the development of root hairs, increase root length and density, improve root vitality, and enhance the root system's ability to absorb water and nutrients. 4. Improve pollen germination and pollination: Boron is essential for the growth of pollen tubes, affects pollen germination and pollen tube elongation, effectively improves the success rate of pollination, and thus increases fruit set rate and yield. 5. Enhance stress resistance: Boron can improve rice's drought resistance and disease resistance, and alleviate drought stress and disease occurrence. In addition, the applicant has found through long-term experiments that after boron fertilizer is compounded with inorganic fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, boron can promote rice's absorption and utilization of nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and enhance the synergistic effect of nutrients. On the one hand, it improves fertilizer utilization, and on the other hand, it can further improve rice quality and yield and enhance rice resistance.

[0016] Preferably, as an improvement, the nitrogen fertilizer is an amide nitrogen fertilizer, preferably urea.

[0017] Preferably, as an improvement, the potash fertilizer is any one or a combination of potassium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or potassium nitrate.

[0018] Preferably, as an improvement, the phosphate fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate or phosphorus pentoxide.

[0019] Preferably, as an improvement, the dispersant is any one of humate, sodium sulfate, sulfonate, sulfate ester salt, sodium hexametaphosphate, and zinc oxide.

[0020] Beneficial effect: This solution effectively improves the dispersion effect of compound fertilizers by adding dispersants, and also facilitates the maintenance of fertilizer fluidity during transportation and storage, thereby facilitating more uniform fertilization, giving full play to the effects of each fertilizer in the compound fertilizer, and improving fertilizer utilization. In addition, some dispersants such as lignin sulfonates also have the effect of improving soil structure, helping to improve soil permeability and water retention capacity, and creating a better soil environment for rice growth.

[0021] Preferably, as an improvement, the present invention further provides a method for preparing a special formula fertilizer for rice, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step 1, raw material mixing: weigh the above raw materials by weight, mix 3-5% of granulating agent and 0.1-2% of binder by weight ratio of the raw materials, and mix them evenly to form a mixed material;

[0023] Step 2: Heating and melting: A constant temperature heating device is set at the upper end of the vibration feeding device to heat the material to a temperature greater than or equal to 80°C during the material transportation process to form a soft material;

[0024] Step 3: extrusion granulation: the soft material is extruded and granulated into water-soluble granular fertilizer, that is, a special formula fertilizer for rice.

[0025] Preferably, as an improvement, the granulating agent is polyethylene glycol; the binder is one or more combinations of glucose, plant starch, dextrin, bentonite, and hydroxymethyl cellulose.

[0026] Preferably, as an improvement, the present scheme also provides an application of a special formula fertilizer for rice in increasing rice yield, wherein the special formula fertilizer for rice is applied once as a water-soluble fertilizer during the basal fertilizer application stage, and the application amount is 20 kg / mu.

[0027] The principles and advantages of this solution are:

[0028] 1. This scheme can improve the nutritional value of rice while ensuring rice yield and improving economic benefits by rationally utilizing organic and inorganic fertilizers and combining trace elements that improve rice quality. Specifically, compared with the existing fertilizers that do not contain selenium, zinc, proline and chitin (such as comparative example 9), after applying the fertilizer of the present invention, the rice yield per hectare of field increases by 138 to 743 kg, the income increases by 151 to 817 yuan, the protein content of rice processing quality increases by 19.7 to 56.5%, and the zinc and selenium content in rice increases significantly, thereby effectively improving the overall quality of rice.

[0029] 2. Traditional humic acid granular fertilizers are made by drying humic acid into blocks and then cutting them to obtain broken particles, or melt spraying them. However, the cost of existing humic acid granular fertilizers is very high. In addition, in the process of drying humic acid into blocks, it is not easy to dry because humic acid is a highly water-absorbing material. If low-temperature drying is used, it will take a long time and the cost is 2,000 yuan / t; if high-temperature drying is used, the organic matter in the humic acid will gelatinize and affect the dissolution and use of the nutrients therein. Compared with humic acid, which is difficult to form stably or costly during the granulation process, this solution can mix all the raw materials, melt them into soft materials by heating, and then granulate them by extrusion, so that a variety of raw materials can be mixed and manufactured into water-saving and strong seedling matrix particles that can melt when they come into contact with water, thereby solving the technical problems of the existing technology that humic acid cannot be granulated or the granulation cost is high. In addition, the granular matrix is ​​more convenient for storage and transportation, and can quickly melt when it comes into contact with water during the use stage, so as to facilitate the rapid implementation of machine transplanting and seedling raising. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the following examples and experimental examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the materials, reagents, etc. used can be obtained from commercial sources.

[0031] Program Overview

[0032] The present invention provides a special formula fertilizer for rice, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.01 to 15 parts of selenium fertilizer (calculated by selenium content), 0.01 to 3 parts of zinc fertilizer (calculated by zinc content), 20 to 30 parts of humic acid, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of chitin, 40 to 80 parts of inorganic fertilizer, and 10 to 20 parts of dispersant.

[0033] As a reference, selenium fertilizer is EDTA-Se, and zinc fertilizer is EDTA-Zn. In this scheme, humic acid is specifically selected from potassium fulvic acid, wherein the organic content is 60-75 parts, fulvic acid is 35-55 parts, amino acids are 5-15 parts, and potassium content is 4-8 parts.

[0034] As a reference, inorganic fertilizers include the following raw materials by weight: 10-25 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 15-25 parts of potash fertilizer, and 15-30 parts of phosphate fertilizer. Among them, the nitrogen fertilizer is amide nitrogen fertilizer, preferably urea. The potash fertilizer is any one or a combination of potassium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or potassium nitrate. The phosphate fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate or phosphorus pentoxide.

[0035] As an improvement, the inorganic fertilizer also includes 0.1 to 0.5 parts of boron fertilizer, and the boron fertilizer is disodium tetraborate decahydrate.

[0036] As a reference, the dispersant is any one of humate, sodium sulfate, sulfonate, sulfate ester salt, sodium hexametaphosphate, and zinc oxide. As a reference, the dispersant in this embodiment is specifically zinc oxide.

[0037] This solution also provides a method for preparing a special formula fertilizer for rice, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Step 1, raw material mixing: weigh the above raw materials by weight, mix 3-5% of granulating agent and 0.1-2% of binder by weight ratio of the raw materials, and mix them evenly to form a mixed material;

[0039] Step 2: Heating and melting: A constant temperature heating device is set at the upper end of the vibration feeding device to heat the material to a temperature greater than or equal to 80°C during the material transportation process to form a soft material;

[0040] Step 3: extrusion granulation: the soft material is extruded and granulated into water-soluble granular fertilizer, that is, a special formula fertilizer for rice.

[0041] As a reference, the granulating agent is polyethylene glycol; the binder is one or more combinations of glucose, plant starch, dextrin, bentonite, and hydroxymethyl cellulose. In this embodiment, the binder is specifically glucose.

[0042] The present solution also provides an application of a special formula fertilizer for rice in increasing rice yield. The special formula fertilizer for rice is applied once as a water-soluble fertilizer during the base fertilizer application stage, and the application amount is 20 kg / mu.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] A special formula fertilizer for rice rich in selenium, zinc, proline and chitin, comprising the following raw materials by weight: 8.5 parts of EDTA-Se, 2 parts of EDTA-Zn, 20 parts of humic acid, 1.2 parts of chitin, 13 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizer, 25 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer, 15 parts of phosphate fertilizer, and 0.1 parts of disodium tetraborate decahydrate boron fertilizer. The humic acid is potassium humate, with an organic content of 68 parts, 42 parts of humic acid, 13 parts of amino acids, 6 parts of potassium content, and 15 parts of zinc oxide, and the amide nitrogen fertilizer is urea.

[0045] A method for preparing a special formula fertilizer for rice is prepared by using a quantitative input control device according to the production process of producing compound fertilizers. Specifically, nutrients such as EDTA-Se, EDTA-Zn, humic acid, chitosan, etc. are uniformly mixed with a dispersant, a granulating agent and a binder, and then heated and melted, and basic granulation is performed to prepare a granular special formula fertilizer for rice rich in substances such as selenium, zinc, proline and chitosan.

[0046] The invention discloses an application of a special formula fertilizer for rice in increasing rice yield. When planting rice, the special formula fertilizer for rice is applied once as a base fertilizer, which effectively promotes the growth and development of rice and obtains high-quality rice rich in selenium and zinc trace elements.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] A special formula fertilizer for rice rich in selenium, zinc, proline and chitin, comprising the following raw materials by weight: 0.01 part of EDTA-Se, 0.01 part of EDTA-Zn, 27 parts of humic acid, 0.5 parts of chitin, 20 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizer, 20 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer, 20 parts of phosphate fertilizer, and 0.5 parts of disodium tetraborate decahydrate boron fertilizer. The humic acid is potassium humate, with an organic content of 75 parts, 56 parts of humic acid, 7 parts of amino acids, 2 parts of potassium content, and 8 parts of humate. The amide nitrogen fertilizer is urea.

[0049] A method for preparing a special formula fertilizer for rice is prepared by using a quantitative input control device according to the production process of producing compound fertilizers. Specifically, nutrients such as EDTA-Se, EDTA-Zn, humic acid, chitosan, etc. are uniformly mixed with a dispersant, a granulating agent and a binder, and then heated and melted, and basic granulation is performed to prepare a granular special formula fertilizer for rice rich in substances such as selenium, zinc, proline and chitosan.

[0050] The invention discloses an application of a special formula fertilizer for rice in increasing rice yield. When planting rice, the special formula fertilizer for rice is applied once as a base fertilizer, which effectively promotes the growth and development of rice and obtains high-quality rice rich in selenium and zinc trace elements.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] A special formula fertilizer for rice rich in selenium, zinc, proline and chitin, comprising the following raw materials by weight: 1.2 parts of EDTA-Se, 0.9 parts of EDTA-Zn, 17 parts of humic acid, 0.7 parts of chitin, 15 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizer, 15 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer, and 17 parts of phosphate fertilizer. The humic acid is potassium fulvic acid, with an organic content of 60 parts, 35 parts of fulvic acid, 7 parts of amino acids, 4 parts of potassium content, and 12 parts of sodium sulfate, and the amide nitrogen fertilizer is urea.

[0053] A method for preparing a special formula fertilizer for rice is prepared by using a quantitative input control device according to the production process of producing compound fertilizers. Specifically, nutrients such as EDTA-Se, EDTA-Zn, humic acid, chitosan, etc. are uniformly mixed with a dispersant, a granulating agent and a binder, and then heated and melted, and basic granulation is performed to prepare a granular special formula fertilizer for rice rich in substances such as selenium, zinc, proline and chitosan.

[0054] The invention discloses an application of a special formula fertilizer for rice in increasing rice yield. When planting rice, the special formula fertilizer for rice is applied once as a base fertilizer, which effectively promotes the growth and development of rice and obtains high-quality rice rich in selenium and zinc trace elements.

[0055] Example 4

[0056] A special formula fertilizer for rice rich in selenium, zinc, proline and chitin, comprising the following raw materials by weight: 13 parts of EDTA-Se, 3 parts of EDTA-Zn, 30 parts of humic acid, 1.5 parts of chitin, 22 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizer, 17 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer, and 26 parts of phosphate fertilizer. The humic acid is potassium fulvic acid, with an organic content of 71 parts, 52 parts of fulvic acid, 15 parts of amino acids, 8 parts of potassium content, and 9 parts of sulfonate, and the amide nitrogen fertilizer is urea.

[0057] A method for preparing a special formula fertilizer for rice is prepared by using a quantitative input control device according to the production process of producing compound fertilizers. Specifically, nutrients such as EDTA-Se, EDTA-Zn, humic acid, chitosan, etc. are uniformly mixed with a dispersant, a granulating agent and a binder, and then heated and melted, and basic granulation is performed to prepare a granular special formula fertilizer for rice rich in substances such as selenium, zinc, proline and chitosan.

[0058] The invention discloses an application of a special formula fertilizer for rice in increasing rice yield. When planting rice, the special formula fertilizer for rice is applied once as a base fertilizer, which effectively promotes the growth and development of rice and obtains high-quality rice rich in selenium and zinc trace elements.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] The special formula fertilizer for rice in this comparative example includes the following raw materials by weight: 8.5 parts of EDTA-Se, 20 parts of humic acid, 1.2 parts of chitin, 13 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizer, 25 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer, 15 parts of phosphate fertilizer, and 0.1 parts of disodium tetraborate decahydrate boron fertilizer. Humic acid is potassium fulvic acid, with an organic content of 68 parts, 42 parts of fulvic acid, 13 parts of amino acids, 6 parts of potassium content, 15 parts of zinc oxide, and urea is used as amide nitrogen fertilizer.

[0061] Specifically, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that zinc fertilizer is lacking.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] The special formula fertilizer for rice in this comparative example includes the following raw materials by weight: 2 parts of EDTA-Zn, 20 parts of humic acid, 1.2 parts of chitin, 13 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizer, 25 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer, 15 parts of phosphate fertilizer, and 0.1 parts of disodium tetraborate decahydrate boron fertilizer. Humic acid is potassium fulvic acid, with an organic content of 68 parts, 42 parts of fulvic acid, 13 parts of amino acids, 6 parts of potassium content, 15 parts of zinc oxide, and urea is used as amide nitrogen fertilizer.

[0064] Specifically, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that selenium fertilizer is missing.

[0065] Comparative Example 3

[0066] The special formula fertilizer for rice in this comparative example includes the following raw materials by weight: 20 parts of humic acid, 1.2 parts of chitin, 13 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizer, 25 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer, 15 parts of phosphate fertilizer, and 0.1 parts of disodium tetraborate decahydrate boron fertilizer. The humic acid is potassium fulvic acid, with an organic content of 68 parts, 42 parts of fulvic acid, 13 parts of amino acids, 6 parts of potassium content, 15 parts of zinc oxide, and the amide nitrogen fertilizer is urea.

[0067] Specifically, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that humic acid is lacking.

[0068] Comparative Example 4

[0069] The special formula fertilizer for rice in this comparative example includes the following raw materials by weight: 8.5 parts of EDTA-Se, 2 parts of EDTA-Zn, 20 parts of humic acid, 13 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizer, 25 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer, 15 parts of phosphate fertilizer, and 0.1 parts of disodium tetraborate decahydrate boron fertilizer. The humic acid is potassium fulvic acid, with an organic content of 68 parts, 42 parts of fulvic acid, 13 parts of amino acids, 6 parts of potassium content, 15 parts of zinc oxide, and the amide nitrogen fertilizer is urea.

[0070] Specifically, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that chitosan is lacking.

[0071] Comparative Example 5

[0072] The special formula fertilizer for rice in this comparative example includes the following raw materials by weight: 8.5 parts of EDTA-Se, 2 parts of EDTA-Zn, 20 parts of humic acid, 1.2 parts of chitin, 13 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizer, 25 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer, and 15 parts of phosphate fertilizer. The humic acid is potassium fulvic acid, with an organic content of 68 parts, 42 parts of fulvic acid, 13 parts of amino acids, 6 parts of potassium content, 15 parts of zinc oxide, and the amide nitrogen fertilizer is urea.

[0073] Specifically, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that boron fertilizer is lacking.

[0074] Comparative Example 6

[0075] The special formula fertilizer for rice in this comparative example includes the following raw materials by weight: 8.5 parts of EDTA-Se, 5 parts of EDTA-Zn, 20 parts of humic acid, 1.2 parts of chitin, 13 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizer, 25 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer, 15 parts of phosphate fertilizer, and 0.1 parts of disodium tetraborate decahydrate boron fertilizer. The humic acid is potassium fulvic acid, with an organic content of 68 parts, 42 parts of fulvic acid, 13 parts of amino acids, 6 parts of potassium content, 15 parts of zinc oxide, and the amide nitrogen fertilizer is urea.

[0076] Specifically, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that there is too much zinc fertilizer.

[0077] Comparative Example 7

[0078] The special formula fertilizer for rice in this comparative example includes the following raw materials by weight: 18 parts of EDTA-Se, 2 parts of EDTA-Zn, 20 parts of humic acid, 1.2 parts of chitin, 13 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizer, 25 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer, 15 parts of phosphate fertilizer, and 0.1 parts of disodium tetraborate decahydrate boron fertilizer. The humic acid is potassium fulvic acid, with an organic content of 68 parts, 42 parts of fulvic acid, 13 parts of amino acids, 6 parts of potassium content, 15 parts of zinc oxide, and the amide nitrogen fertilizer is urea.

[0079] Specifically, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that there is too much selenium fertilizer.

[0080] Comparative Example 8

[0081] The special formula fertilizer for rice in this comparative example includes the following raw materials by weight: 8.5 parts of EDTA-Se, 2 parts of EDTA-Zn, 20 parts of humic acid, 1.2 parts of chitin, 13 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizer, 25 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer, 15 parts of phosphate fertilizer, and 0.1 parts of disodium tetraborate decahydrate boron fertilizer. The humic acid is potassium fulvic acid, with an organic content of 68 parts, 42 parts of fulvic acid, 13 parts of amino acids, 6 parts of potassium content, and 5 parts of zinc oxide. The amide nitrogen fertilizer is urea.

[0082] Specifically, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the dispersant is too little.

[0083] Comparative Example 9

[0084] Fertilizers without selenium, zinc, proline and chitin were used as controls, with the dosages of N 150 kg / ha, P2O 545 kg / ha and K2O 130 kg / ha respectively.

[0085] Experimental Example 1: Field Effect of Special Formula Fertilizer for Rice

[0086] 26 mu of rice fields in Guanyinjing Village, Laisu Town, Chongqing City were selected to carry out field experiments on the rice variety Yuenongsi seedlings (each comparative example was 2 mu of rice fields, and each embodiment was 4 mu of rice fields). The special formula fertilizer for rice prepared in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 was applied once as a water-soluble fertilizer at the basal fertilizer application stage, and the application amount was 20 kg / mu. A fertilizer containing no selenium, zinc, proline and chitin was used as a control, and the amounts were N150 kg / hectare, P2O5 45 kg / hectare, K2O 130 kg / hectare (and Comparative Example 9), respectively. Other field management was carried out according to local customs. After the rice matured, the plot yield was measured and the appearance quality and taste quality of the rice were measured, and the average value was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0087] Table 1 Field test results of special formula fertilizer for rice

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] Experimental data show that this scheme, by combining a variety of single-element fertilizers to obtain a compound fertilizer, can effectively improve the appearance quality and taste quality of rice when applied once as a basic fertilizer, thereby improving the quality of rice as a whole. In particular, each raw fertilizer effectively synergizes and enhances efficiency in the process of promoting the improvement of rice quality, significantly improving the overall quality of rice. Specifically, after using the special fertilizer of this scheme, the rice yield is effectively increased. Compared with the existing fertilizer that does not contain selenium, zinc, proline and chitin (Comparative Example 9), the yield of Example 1 increased by 263kg / hectare, the Zn content of the grain was significantly improved, and the taste quality and cooking quality were greatly improved; the yield of Example 2 increased by 458kg / hectare, the Se content of the grain was significantly improved, and the taste quality was effectively improved; the yield of Example 3 increased by 138kg / hectare, the Zn and Se content of the grain was significantly improved, and the taste quality and cooking quality were effectively improved; the yield of Example 4 increased by 743kg / hectare, the Se content of the grain was significantly improved, and the taste quality was effectively improved.

[0091] Experimental Example 2: Laboratory test results of special formula fertilizer for rice

[0092] Experimental group 1: 7 parts of humic acid, 0.2 parts of chitin, 10 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizer, 15 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer, 15 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 0.1 parts of disodium tetraborate decahydrate boron fertilizer. Humic acid was potassium fulvic acid, with 68 parts of organic content, 42 parts of fulvic acid, 13 parts of amino acids, and 6 parts of potassium content.

[0093] The preliminary test was conducted in the laboratory. The ingredients were weighed in proportion and added to the blender for mixing. The temperature was set at 70°C and the stirring time was 2 hours. The fertilizer was then cooled and tested for physical properties. The experimental results showed that the prepared fertilizer had problems with uneven particles and poor solubility, which was far from the expected effect. The pH value and nutrient release curve tested did not meet the standards. Through analysis, it was found that the lack of co-solvents in the formula and the unreasonable ratio of humic acid and fertilizer elements resulted in the final product being easily deliquescent and having poor dispersibility. The reaction time was not enough for the ingredients to fully react.

[0094] Experimental group 2: 30 parts of humic acid, 2 parts of chitin, 30 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizer, 25 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer, 30 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 0.1 parts of disodium tetraborate decahydrate boron fertilizer. Humic acid was potassium fulvic acid, 68 parts of organic content, 42 parts of fulvic acid, 13 parts of amino acids, 6 parts of potassium content, and 25 parts of zinc oxide.

[0095] The preliminary test was conducted in the laboratory. The ingredients were weighed in proportion and added to the blender for mixing. The temperature was set at 70°C and the stirring time was 2 hours. The fertilizer was then cooled and tested for physical properties. The experimental results showed that the prepared fertilizer had problems with uneven particles and poor agglomeration, which was far from the expected effect. The pH value of the test did not meet the standard. Through analysis, it was found that the ratio of humic acid and nitrogen and potassium in the formula was unreasonable, resulting in the final product being easily deliquescent and having poor dispersibility. The reaction time was not enough for the ingredients to fully react.

[0096] Experimental group 3: The test selected 8.5 parts of EDTA-Se, 2 parts of EDTA-Zn, 20 parts of humic acid, 1.2 parts of chitin, 13 parts of amide nitrogen fertilizer, 25 parts of potassium nitrate fertilizer, 15 parts of phosphate fertilizer, and 0.1 parts of disodium tetraborate decahydrate boron fertilizer. Humic acid selected potassium fulvic acid, organic content 68 parts, fulvic acid 42 parts, amino acid 13 parts, potassium content 6 parts, and zinc oxide 15 parts.

[0097] The preliminary test was conducted in the laboratory. The ingredients were weighed in proportion and added to the blender for mixing. The temperature was set at 70°C and the mixing time was 2 hours. The fertilizer was then cooled and tested for physical properties. The experimental results showed that the prepared fertilizer particles were uniform, had good agglomeration effect and good solubility. The pH value and nutrient release curve of the test met the standards.

[0098] In summary, although there are many types of soil fertilizers and foliar fertilizers on the market, most of them have a single function and the effect on quality improvement is unsatisfactory. Therefore, the rational use of organic and inorganic fertilizers, combined with trace elements that improve rice quality, can improve the nutritional value of rice while ensuring rice yield and improve economic benefits. Compared with the existing fertilizers that do not contain selenium, zinc, proline and chitin (such as comparative example 9), after applying the fertilizer of the present invention, the rice yield per hectare of field increases by 138 to 743 kg, the income increases by 151 to 817 yuan, the protein content of rice processing quality increases by 19.7 to 56.5%, and the zinc and selenium contents in rice are significantly increased, thereby effectively improving the overall quality of rice.

[0099] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A special formula fertilizer for rice, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.01 to 15 parts of selenium fertilizer (calculated by selenium content), 0.01 to 3 parts of zinc fertilizer (calculated by zinc content), 20 to 30 parts of humic acid, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of chitin, 40 to 80 parts of inorganic fertilizer and 10 to 20 parts of dispersant.

2. The special formula fertilizer for rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: The selenium fertilizer is EDTA-Se and the zinc fertilizer is EDTA-Zn.

3. The special formula fertilizer for rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: Humic acid is potassium fulvic acid, which contains 60 to 75 parts of organic content, 35 to 55 parts of fulvic acid, 5 to 15 parts of amino acids, and 4 to 8 parts of potassium.

4. The special formula fertilizer for rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 25 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 15 to 25 parts of potassium fertilizer, and 15 to 30 parts of phosphorus fertilizer.

5. The special formula fertilizer for rice according to claim 4, characterized in that: Inorganic fertilizers also include 0.1 to 0.5 parts of boron fertilizer.

6. The special formula fertilizer for rice according to claim 5, characterized in that: The nitrogen fertilizer is an amide nitrogen fertilizer, the potassium fertilizer is any one or a combination of potassium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or potassium nitrate, and the phosphorus fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate or phosphorus pentoxide.

7. The special formula fertilizer for rice according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dispersant is any one of humate, sodium sulfate, sulfonate, sulfate ester salt, sodium hexametaphosphate and zinc oxide.

8. A method for preparing a special formula fertilizer for rice, characterized in that: Step 1, raw material mixing: weigh the above raw materials by weight, mix 3-5% of granulating agent and 0.1-2% of binder by weight ratio of the raw materials, and mix them evenly to form a mixed material; Step 2: Heating and melting: A constant temperature heating device is set at the upper end of the vibration feeding device to heat the material to a temperature greater than or equal to 80°C during the material transportation process to form a soft material; Step 3: extrusion granulation: the soft material is extruded and granulated into water-soluble granular fertilizer, that is, a special formula fertilizer for rice.

9. Application of a special formula fertilizer for rice in increasing rice yield, characterized in that: The rice-specific formula fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the rice-specific formula fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of claim 8 is applied as a water-soluble fertilizer at one time during the basal fertilizer application stage of rice planting.

10. The use of a special formula fertilizer for rice according to claim 9 in increasing rice production, characterized in that: The application amount is 20kg / mu.

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