Method for realizing one-step copper smelting of high copper ore based on flash converting furnace

Abstract

The invention provides a method for realizing one-step copper smelting of high-copper ore based on a flash converting furnace, which comprises the following steps: quantitatively adding copper matte and high-copper ore to a feeding conveying belt for quantitative proportioning, mixing the high-copper ore and the copper matte, grinding, drying, sorting, adding into a flash nozzle, and carrying out a series of physical and chemical reactions in the flash converting furnace to directly obtain crude copper; almost all iron and silicon in the high-copper ore, a small amount of copper enters slag, sulfur enters flue gas, and one-step copper smelting of the high-copper ore is achieved. The silicon in the high copper ore is utilized to ingeniously solve the problem that a small amount of quartz needs to be additionally added into the flash converting furnace, the slag type of the flash converting furnace is improved, the furnace condition is stabilized, and the service life of the flash converting furnace body is further prolonged. And on the other hand, due to the reasonable matching of the high copper ore and the copper matte, the productivity bottleneck caused by the influence of a flash smelting system on a flash blowing system can be broken through.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metal smelting, and in particular relates to a method for realizing one-step copper smelting of high-copper ore based on a flash converting furnace. Background Art

[0002] Copper is an important metal resource, widely used in the fields of electricity, electronics, energy, etc. At present, copper smelting is mainly based on pyrometallurgy, among which flash copper smelting technology has become the main production technology for copper smelting due to its advantages such as large production capacity, long furnace life and high degree of automation.

[0003] With the innovation of molten pool smelting technology represented by side-blowing smelting + top-blowing converting technology, especially when side-blowing smelting + top-blowing converting technology has also achieved a high degree of automation, lower processing costs, and a maximum cathode copper production capacity of more than 400,000 tons / year, flash copper smelting technology faces new challenges due to its poor raw material adaptability. "Double flash" is the most representative of flash copper smelting technology. Enterprises are constantly exploring ideas to improve production capacity for flash smelting and flash converting systems. Through a series of transformations, the current maximum annual cathode copper production capacity of the "double flash" system can exceed 500,000 tons / year, but it faces the dilemma that smelting self-produced copper matte can no longer meet the production needs of flash converting furnaces. What is a more economical way to make up for the "double flash" capacity gap and further reduce processing costs has become an industry problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0004] With the continuous circulation and accumulation of sodium salts and other impurity elements in the "double flash" copper smelting system, the copper-making and slag-making reactions in the flash converting furnace reaction tower are hindered, and a thick sticky slag layer is easily formed, resulting in unclear separation of copper slag. How to improve the properties of the slag has become an important factor affecting production stability. A small amount of SiO2 in the converting slag is beneficial to increasing the range of the uniform liquid phase area of ​​calcium ferrite and can improve the slag type of the converting slag. The grade of copper matte produced during flash smelting is maintained at around 70%, and the silicon content in the copper matte is limited. If the flash converting furnace is simply equipped with quartz, there are problems such as poor economy, easy wear of the conveying and grinding systems, small theoretical calculation of the amount of addition, and high requirements for the accuracy of the addition. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the fact that the current flash copper smelting technology has encountered a capacity bottleneck and the self-produced copper matte cannot meet the production needs of flash converting, the present invention provides a method for one-step copper smelting of high-copper ore based on a flash converting furnace, which can improve the copper smelting capacity of the flash converting technology and improve the slag type of the converting slag.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for one-step copper smelting of high-copper ore based on a flash converting furnace comprises the following steps: S1: Run the copper matte stacker and reclaimer to lower the copper matte to the first belt conveyor for transportation at a speed of 95-105 t / h, and run the high-copper ore quantitative feeder at a speed of 4-15 t / h to lower the high-copper ore to the first belt conveyor for mixing with the copper matte; S2: The mixed copper matte and high-copper ore are conveyed to the copper matte vertical mill (6) via a second belt conveyor (5) for grinding, drying and sorting to obtain a mixed powder; S3: After the mixed powder is measured by a loss-in-weight scale, the measured mixed powder is sent to a pneumatic chute by an embedded scraper conveyor (8), and finally enters a single nozzle from the pneumatic chute to react in a flash converting furnace, and the crude copper generated by the reaction is discharged from the crude copper discharge chute of the flash converting furnace.

[0007] Preferably, the mixing ratio of the high-copper ore to copper matte is 1:(6.5-20).

[0008] Preferably, the grade of the high copper ore is greater than 50%, the particle size is less than 200 mesh, the silicon content is 15% to 20%, and the sulfur content is 10% to 15%.

[0009] Preferably, the reaction copper temperature in the flash converting furnace (11) is controlled at 1250°C to 1265°C, the slag temperature is controlled at 1270°C to 1285°C, and the silicon content in the final slag is controlled at 2 to 6 wt%.

[0010] Preferably, a buffer bin is provided between the first belt conveyor and the copper matte vertical mill; the buffer bin conveys materials through the second belt conveyor.

[0011] Preferably, the flash blowing furnace in step S3 adds ash in an amount of 0 to 6 t / h for blowing reaction.

[0012] Preferably, the flash converting furnace in step S3 adds quicklime in an amount of 2 to 4.5 t / h for converting reaction.

[0013] The present invention adds copper matte and high-copper ore to the feeding conveyor belt in a quantitative manner, and the two are quantitatively proportioned through a metering belt. After the high-copper ore and copper matte are mixed, they are ground, dried, and sorted, added to the flash nozzle, and sent to the flash refining furnace to quickly complete most of the reactions within a few seconds to finally generate crude copper. The iron and silicon in the high-copper ore enter the slag, and the sulfur enters the flue gas, realizing one-step copper smelting based on the high-copper ore in the flash refining furnace. The adjustment range of parameters such as reaction temperature and calcium-iron ratio remains unchanged from the smelting process when no high-copper ore is added. The core reaction of the present invention is the oxidation of copper sulfide ore to obtain crude copper, and the relevant reaction equations are listed below.

[0014] Cu2S+O2=2Cu+SO2; 2Cu2S+3O2=2Cu2O+2SO2; Cu2S+2Cu2O=6Cu+SO2↑.

[0015] At the same time, high-copper ore contains a high silicon content, which can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of the blowing slag, maintain the continuous precipitation of magnetic iron in the slag, and adjust the ratio of high-copper ore to copper matte to make the copper content of the blowing slag change little, the slag increase is small, the furnace body is evenly slaged, the frozen layer at the bottom of the furnace is stable, the furnace bottom temperature is lower, and the furnace body is safer. The role of adding soot is to adjust the temperature in the furnace, maintain the thermal balance in the furnace, and avoid excessive temperature fluctuations in the furnace during the reaction process, which affects the smelting reaction and causes a decrease in the purity and output of crude copper.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention achieves an increase in the production capacity of the flash converting furnace and improves the competitive advantage of the "double flash" copper smelting system by simply adding a storage bin and a conveyor belt for high-copper ore and adjusting the ratio of high-copper ore to copper matte without changing the main process and equipment of the existing flash converting process.

[0017] 2. Compared with the existing one-step copper smelting process, the present invention does not require a complete set of one-step copper smelting equipment, can flexibly adjust the amount of high-copper ore added, is not affected by the unstable supply of high-copper ore, and can improve the metal direct recovery rate of high-copper ore.

[0018] 3. The present invention utilizes silicon in high-copper ore to cleverly solve the problem that a small amount of quartz needs to be added to the flash converting furnace, improves the slag type of the flash converting furnace, is conducive to stabilizing the furnace condition, and further increases the life of the flash converting furnace. On the other hand, the reasonable addition of high-copper ore and copper matte can break the capacity bottleneck of the flash converting system caused by the flash smelting system, and further tap the capacity potential of "double flash" copper smelting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of the process equipment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a process flow chart of the present invention.

[0021] Figure numerals: 1-copper matte stacker and reclaimer, 2-high copper ore quantitative feeding scale, 3-first belt conveyor, 4-buffer bin, 5-second belt conveyor, 6-copper matte vertical mill, 7-loss-in-weight scale, 8-buried scraper conveyor, 9-pneumatic chute, 10-single nozzle, 11-flash refining furnace, 12-blister copper discharge chute. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the embodiments, unless otherwise specified, the technical means used are all conventional technical means in the art. Example 1

[0023] The high copper ore used in this example has a chemical composition (wt%) after drying of Cu 50.59, S 5.49, SiO217.95, Fe 1.53, MgO 1.62, Pb 0.01, Zn 0.02, As 0.01, Sb 0.01; The copper matte used in this embodiment has a chemical composition (wt%) after drying of Cu 68.35, S 19.95, SiO20.84, Fe 7.85, Pb 0.94, Zn 0.54, As 0.25, Sb 0.03; The ash composition (wt.%) fed into the flash converting furnace of this embodiment is Cu 35.65, S 14.35, Fe 3.46, Pb1.18, Zn 0.47, As 0.55, Sb 0.16; The effective component of quicklime, CaO, accounts for 90%.

[0024] A method for one-step copper smelting of high-copper ore based on a flash converting furnace comprises the following steps: S1: Run the copper matte stacker and reclaimer 1, and lower the copper matte to the first belt conveyor 3 for transportation at a speed of 105 t / h. At the same time, run the high-copper ore quantitative feeder 2, and lower the high-copper ore to the first belt conveyor 3 at a speed of 4 t / h to mix with the copper matte; S2: The mixed copper matte and high-copper ore are conveyed to the copper matte vertical mill 6 by the first belt conveyor 3 for grinding, drying and sorting to obtain a mixed powder; S3: After the mixed powder is measured by the loss-in-weight scale 7, the measured mixed powder is sent to the pneumatic chute 9 by the buried scraper conveyor 8, and finally enters the single nozzle 10 from the pneumatic chute 9 to react in the flash refining furnace 11. The amount of soot added is 4t / h, the amount of quicklime added is 2.55t / h, and the amount of central natural gas is 150m 3 / h, the reaction copper temperature in the flash converting furnace 11 is controlled at 1250°C, the slag temperature is controlled at 1270°C, the silicon content in the final slag is controlled at 6wt%, and the final blister copper is discharged from the blister copper discharge chute 12 of the flash converting furnace 11.

[0025] The crude copper composition (wt%) finally obtained in this embodiment is Cu 98.78, S 0.056, Fe 0.0085, Pb 0.18, Zn 0.03, As 0.14, Sb 0.02, and the slag composition is Cu 23.45, S 0.33, Fe 36.57, SiO2 1.75, Pb 1.03, Zn 1.58, As 0.25, Sb 0.037. Example 2

[0026] The high-copper ore, copper matte, fly ash and quicklime used in this embodiment are the same as those in Example 1.

[0027] A method for one-step copper smelting of high-copper ore based on a flash converting furnace comprises the following steps: S1: operate the copper matte stacker and reclaimer 1, and lower the copper matte to the first belt conveyor 3 for transportation at a speed of 100 t / h. At the same time, operate the high-copper ore quantitative feeder 2, and lower the high-copper ore to the first belt conveyor 3 at a speed of 8 t / h to mix with the copper matte; S2: The mixed copper matte and high-copper ore are conveyed to the copper matte vertical mill 6 by the first belt conveyor 3 for grinding, drying and sorting to obtain a mixed powder; S3: After the mixed powder is measured by the loss-in-weight scale 7, the measured mixed powder is sent to the pneumatic chute 9 by the buried scraper conveyor 8, and finally enters the single nozzle 10 from the pneumatic chute 9 to react in the flash refining furnace 11. The amount of quicklime added is 3.02t / h, the amount of fly ash is 2t / h, and the amount of central natural gas is 150m 3 / h, the reaction copper temperature in the flash converting furnace 11 is controlled at 1265°C, the slag temperature is controlled at 1285°C, the silicon content in the final slag is controlled at 2wt%, and the final generated blister copper is discharged from the blister copper discharge chute 12 of the flash converting furnace 11.

[0028] The crude copper composition (wt%) finally obtained in this embodiment is Cu 98.79, S 0.056, Fe 0.0081, Pb 0.16, Zn 0.03, As 0.14, Sb 0.02, and the slag composition is Cu 23.41, S 0.35, Fe 36.57, SiO2 3.77, Pb 1.05, Zn 1.60, As 0.27, Sb 0.035. Example 3

[0029] The high copper ore used in this embodiment has a chemical composition (wt%) of Cu 50.64, S 11.15, SiO218.70, Fe 3.83, MgO 1.15, Pb 0.03, Zn 0.01, As 0.02, Sb 0.01 after drying. The copper matte used in this embodiment has a chemical composition (wt%) after drying of Cu 67.09, S 19.68, SiO20.75, Fe 8.38, Pb 0.53, Zn 0.41, As 0.25, Sb 0.02; The ash composition (wt.%) fed into the flash converting furnace of this embodiment is Cu 35.65, S 14.35, Fe 3.46, Pb1.18, Zn 0.47, As 0.55, Sb 0.16; The effective component of quicklime, CaO, accounts for 90%.

[0030] A method for one-step copper smelting of high-copper ore based on a flash converting furnace comprises the following steps: S1: Run the copper matte stacker and reclaimer 1, and lower the copper matte to the first belt conveyor 3 for transportation at a speed of 98 t / h. At the same time, run the high-copper ore quantitative feeder 2, and lower the high-copper ore to the first belt conveyor 3 at a speed of 12 t / h to mix with the copper matte; S2: The mixed copper matte and high-copper ore are conveyed to the buffer bin 4 through the first belt conveyor 3, and then conveyed to the copper matte vertical mill 6 through the second belt conveyor 5 for grinding, drying and sorting to obtain a mixed powder; S3: After the mixed powder is measured by the loss-in-weight scale 7, the measured mixed powder is sent to the pneumatic chute 9 by the buried scraper conveyor 8, and finally enters the single nozzle 10 from the pneumatic chute 9 to react in the flash refining furnace 11. The amount of quicklime added is 3.55t / h, the amount of smoke ash is 0t / h, and the amount of central natural gas is 150m 3 / h, the reaction copper temperature in the flash converting furnace 11 is controlled at 1255°C, the slag temperature is controlled at 1275°C, the silicon content in the final slag is controlled at 4wt%, and the final generated blister copper is discharged from the blister copper discharge chute 12 of the flash converting furnace 11.

[0031] The crude copper composition (wt%) finally obtained in this embodiment is Cu 98.79, S 0.056, Fe 0.028, Pb 0.18, Zn0.03, As 0.16, Sb 0.15, and the slag composition is Cu 23.01, S 0.45, Fe 36.25, SiO2 4.77, Pb 1.03, Zn1.45, As 0.26, Sb 0.033. Example 4

[0032] The high-copper ore, copper matte, fly ash and quicklime used in this embodiment are the same as those in Example 3.

[0033] A method for one-step copper smelting of high-copper ore based on a flash converting furnace comprises the following steps: S1: operate the copper matte stacker and reclaimer 1, and lower the copper matte to the first belt conveyor 3 for transportation at a speed of 95 t / h. At the same time, operate the high-copper ore quantitative feeder 2, and lower the high-copper ore to the first belt conveyor 3 at a speed of 15 t / h to mix with the copper matte; S2: The mixed copper matte and high-copper ore are conveyed to the buffer bin 4 through the first belt conveyor 3, and then conveyed to the copper matte vertical mill 6 through the second belt conveyor 5 for grinding, drying and sorting to obtain a mixed powder; S3: After the mixed powder is measured by the loss-in-weight scale 7, the measured mixed powder is sent to the pneumatic chute 9 by the buried scraper conveyor 8, and finally enters the single nozzle 10 from the pneumatic chute 9 to react in the flash refining furnace 11. The amount of quicklime added is 4.05t / h, the amount of fly ash is 6t / h, and the amount of central natural gas is 150m 3 / h, the reaction copper temperature in the flash converting furnace 11 is controlled at 1265°C, the slag temperature is controlled at 1280°C, and the silicon content in the final slag is controlled at 5wt%, The finally produced blister copper is discharged from the blister copper discharge chute 12 of the flash converting furnace 11 .

[0034] The crude copper composition (wt%) finally obtained in this embodiment is Cu 98.76, S 0.051, Fe 0.081, Pb 0.17, Zn0.03, As 0.15, Sb 0.018, and the slag composition is Cu 22.73, S 0.67, Fe 35.31, SiO2 5.89, Pb 1.02, Zn1.01, As 0.30, Sb 0.037.

[0035] The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within the essence and protection scope of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] It is particularly noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

Claims

1. A method for one-step copper smelting of high-copper ore based on a flash converting furnace, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: operating the copper matte stacker (1) to lower the copper matte to the first belt conveyor (3) for transportation at a speed of 95 to 105 t / h, and operating the high-copper ore quantitative feeder (2) to lower the high-copper ore to the first belt conveyor (3) at a speed of 4 to 15 t / h for mixing with the copper matte; S2: The mixed copper matte and high-copper ore are conveyed to the copper matte vertical mill (6) via a second belt conveyor (5) for grinding, drying and sorting to obtain a mixed powder; S3: After the mixed powder is measured by a loss-in-weight scale (7), the measured mixed powder is sent to a pneumatic chute (9) via an embedded scraper conveyor (8), and finally enters a single nozzle (10) from the pneumatic chute (9) to react in a flash converting furnace (11), and the crude copper generated by the reaction is discharged from the crude copper discharge chute (12) of the flash converting furnace (11).

2. The method for realizing one-step copper smelting of high-copper ore by using a flash converting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing ratio of the high-copper ore and copper matte is 1: (6.5-20).

3. The method for realizing one-step copper smelting of high-copper ore by using a flash converting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high copper ore has a grade of more than 50%, a particle size of less than 200 meshes, a silicon content of 15% to 20%, and a sulfur content of 10% to 15%.

4. The method for realizing one-step copper smelting of high-copper ore by using a flash converting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction copper temperature in the flash refining furnace (11) is controlled at 1250°C to 1265°C, the slag temperature is controlled at 1270°C to 1285°C, and the silicon content in the final slag is controlled at 2 to 6 wt%.

5. The method for realizing one-step copper smelting of high-copper ore using a flash converting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer bin (4) is provided between the first belt conveyor (3) and the copper matte vertical mill (6); the buffer bin (4) conveys materials via the second belt conveyor (5).

6. The method for realizing one-step copper smelting of high-copper ore by using a flash converting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flash converting furnace in step S3 adds fly ash in an amount of 0 to 6 t / h to carry out a converting reaction.

7. The method for realizing one-step copper smelting of high-copper ore by using a flash converting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flash converting furnace in step S3 adds quicklime in an amount of 2 to 4.5 t / h to carry out a converting reaction.

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