Composite curtain wall with good flame-retardant and sound-insulation effects

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite curtain wall with good flame-retardant and sound-insulating effects, which belongs to the technical field of composite curtain walls and sequentially comprises an aluminum plate outer layer, a sound-insulating layer, a flame-retardant outer layer, a sound-absorbing layer, a flame-retardant inner layer and an aluminum plate inner layer from outside to inside. The four-layer structure of the sound insulation layer, the flame-retardant outer layer, the sound absorption layer and the sound insulation inner layer is combined through the two principles of weakening sound waves through partition and consuming sound energy through a porous material, and efficient sound insulation is achieved. The flame-retardant outer layer and the flame-retardant inner layer are open-cell polyurethane foam plates added with flame-retardant additives, glass fibers, alginate fibers and hydroxyapatite nanorods, and the flame-retardant performance of the material is improved through the synergistic effect of the hydroxyapatite nanorods, the flame-retardant additives, the glass fibers and alginate fiber materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of composite curtain walls, and in particular relates to a composite curtain wall with good flame retardant and sound insulation effects. Background Art

[0002] Curtain wall refers to a non-load-bearing exterior wall system installed on the exterior structure of a building. It is usually made of aluminum alloy, glass, ceramics and other materials, and forms a continuous facade through the combination of materials and installation technology. There is usually a certain gap between the curtain wall and the main body of the building, which can be used for heat preservation, heat insulation and waterproofing. With the acceleration of urbanization and people's continuous pursuit of architectural aesthetics, curtain walls will continue to play an important role in the future. Compared with traditional building exterior walls, curtain walls can inject personalized design and artistic charm into buildings while ensuring functionality.

[0003] Driven by the rapid development of cities, people's quality of life is getting higher and higher, and higher requirements are put forward for the living environment. The noise problem has become a topic of great concern. According to practical research, improving the sound insulation performance of curtain walls can further improve people's working and living environment. The sound insulation performance in curtain wall design is of great significance for protecting the interior of the building from external noise interference. By selecting suitable materials, designing a reasonable curtain wall structure and taking corresponding sound insulation measures, a better sound insulation effect can be achieved. At present, high-rise building fires occur frequently, and fire protection requirements are getting higher and higher. Building curtain walls are generally used in public buildings with dense crowds or on the exterior walls of important high-rise and super-high-rise buildings. The fire hazard is relatively large, and the flame retardant performance of curtain walls is of great significance to reducing the fire hazard. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite curtain wall with good flame retardant and sound insulation effects, so as to improve the flame retardant and sound insulation properties of the curtain wall.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a composite curtain wall with good flame retardant and sound insulation effects, wherein the composite curtain wall comprises, from outside to inside, an aluminum plate outer layer, a sound insulation layer, a flame retardant outer layer, a sound absorption layer, a flame retardant inner layer and an aluminum plate inner layer;

[0007] The sound insulation layer is a carbon fiber board;

[0008] The raw materials of the flame retardant outer layer include, by weight: 40-55 parts of polyester polyol, 5-15 parts of isocyanate, 1-5 parts of foaming agent, 1.5-3 parts of stabilizer, 0.5-2 parts of cell opener, 6-11 parts of flame retardant additive, 12-23 parts of seaweed fiber, 5-9 parts of glass fiber and 1-3 parts of hydroxyapatite nanorods;

[0009] Glass fiber can enhance the heterogeneous nucleation of polyurethane, resulting in a decrease in the free energy of the nucleus formation process around the glass fiber, an improvement in the uniformity of nucleation, and an obstruction in the chain movement and heat diffusion of the polyurethane polymer chain around the glass fiber, thereby improving the thermal stability of the material.

[0010] Hydroxyapatite is the main component of animal bones and teeth. Due to its catalytic properties, it can increase the formation speed and amount of the carbon layer. The hydroxyl groups it contains are expected to participate in the cross-linking reaction, and its rod-like shape is expected to strengthen the carbon layer, so it can improve the flame retardant properties of the material.

[0011] The sound absorbing layer is an aramid honeycomb core material;

[0012] The material of the flame retardant inner layer is the same as that of the flame retardant outer layer.

[0013] The various layers of materials of the composite curtain wall are bonded and attached by using an adhesive.

[0014] Preferably, the thickness of the outer layer and the inner layer of the aluminum plate are both 0.3-0.5 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the thickness of the sound insulation layer is 1-2 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the flame retardant outer layer is prepared as follows:

[0017] (1) weighing polyester polyol, a cell-opening agent, a flame retardant additive, seaweed fiber, glass fiber and hydroxyapatite nanorods according to a ratio, stirring and mixing to obtain a raw material mixed solution A;

[0018] (2) weighing isocyanate according to the ratio, heating the raw material mixed solution A and the isocyanate under a nitrogen atmosphere for mixing and reacting to obtain a raw material mixed solution B;

[0019] (3) Weigh the foaming agent and stabilizer according to the ratio, add the raw material mixed solution B and mix evenly, then pour into a mold for curing or spray molding, and obtain a polyurethane foam board after demoulding.

[0020] Preferably, the temperature of the heating mixing reaction in (2) is 50-70° C., and the reaction time is 4-5 h.

[0021] Preferably, the pore opening agent is a polyoxyalkylene-polysiloxane copolymer;

[0022] The foaming agent is water;

[0023] The stabilizer is at least one of polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0024] Preferably, the flame retardant additive is a mixture of boric acid and melamine cyanurate in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0025] Preferably, the thickness of the flame retardant outer layer and the flame retardant inner layer are both 2-3 mm.

[0026] Preferably, the thickness of the aramid honeycomb core material is 5-7 mm.

[0027] Preferably, the adhesive is one of epoxy resin adhesive and silicone rubber adhesive.

[0028] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0029] (1) The present invention prepares an open-cell polyurethane foam board by adding hydroxyapatite nanorods to the raw material. The hydroxyl group in hydroxyapatite can form a hydrogen bond with the oxygen in the carbonyl group of polyurethane, and form a densely bound polymer network under the interaction between the groups with the glass fiber and seaweed fiber added to the raw material, which can improve the thermal stability of polyurethane. The rod-like structure of hydroxyapatite nanorods can synergize with the flame retardant additive to improve the stability of the carbon layer formed by combustion and enhance the flame retardant performance.

[0030] (2) The polyurethane foam board is used as a flame retardant layer and the aramid honeycomb core sound absorption layer. The small pore structure of the polyurethane foam board and the large pore structure of the aramid honeycomb core can synergistically improve the sound absorption effect and absorb high-frequency and low-frequency sounds in the room. The carbon fiber sound insulation board outside the flame retardant layer isolates the outdoor noise. The combination of sound insulation and sound absorption materials makes the composite curtain wall have excellent sound insulation performance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Preparation of flame retardant outer layer:

[0034] (1) Weigh 50 parts by mass of polyester polyol, 1 part of a pore opening agent, 8 parts of a mixture of boric acid and melamine cyanurate (the mass ratio of the two is 1:1), 16 parts of seaweed fiber, 7 parts of glass fiber and 1 part of hydroxyapatite nanorod are stirred and mixed to obtain a raw material mixed solution A;

[0035] (2) Weighing 10 parts by mass of isocyanate, mixing the raw material mixed solution A and the isocyanate under a nitrogen atmosphere at 65° C. for 4 hours to obtain a raw material mixed solution B;

[0036] (3) Weigh 3 parts of deionized water and 2.5 parts of polyacrylamide by mass, add the raw material mixed solution B, mix well, pour into a mold to cure, and demold to obtain a polyurethane foam board.

[0037] The present embodiment provides a composite curtain wall, which includes, from the outside to the inside, an aluminum plate outer layer, a sound insulation layer, a flame retardant outer layer, a sound absorption layer, a flame retardant inner layer and an aluminum plate inner layer. The thickness of the aluminum plate outer layer and the aluminum plate inner layer are both 0.4 mm, the sound insulation layer is a 1.5 mm thick carbon fiber plate, the flame retardant outer layer and the flame retardant inner layer are both the 2.5 mm thick polyurethane foam plate prepared as described above, and the sound absorption layer is a 6 mm thick aramid honeycomb core material. Each layer of material is bonded and bonded with an epoxy resin adhesive.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] The difference from Example 1 is that the mass fraction of hydroxyapatite nanorods in the raw materials for preparing the flame-retardant outer layer is adjusted to 2 parts, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0040] Example 3

[0041] The difference from Example 1 is that the mass fraction of hydroxyapatite nanorods in the raw materials for preparing the flame-retardant outer layer is adjusted to 3 parts, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0042] Example 4

[0043] The difference from Example 1 is that in the raw materials for preparing the flame-retardant outer layer, the mass fraction of seaweed fiber is adjusted to 12 parts, and the mass fraction of glass fiber is adjusted to 5 parts. The other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0044] Example 5

[0045] The difference from Example 1 is that in the raw materials for preparing the flame-retardant outer layer, the mass fraction of seaweed fiber is adjusted to 23 parts, and the mass fraction of glass fiber is adjusted to 9 parts. The other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0046] Example 6

[0047] The difference from Example 1 is that the thickness of the flame retardant outer layer and the flame retardant inner layer are adjusted to 2 mm, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0048] Example 7

[0049] The difference from Example 1 is that the thickness of the flame retardant outer layer and the flame retardant inner layer are adjusted to 3 mm, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0050] Example 8

[0051] The difference from Example 1 is that the thickness of the sound absorbing layer is adjusted to 5 mm, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0052] Example 9

[0053] The difference from Example 1 is that the thickness of the sound absorbing layer is adjusted to 7 mm, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0054] Example 10

[0055] The difference from Example 1 is that the raw material ratio for preparing the flame retardant outer layer is different. The other steps are the same as Example 1. The preparation of the flame retardant outer layer is as follows:

[0056] (1) Weigh 40 parts by mass of polyester polyol, 0.5 parts of a pore opening agent, 6 parts of a mixture of boric acid and melamine cyanurate (the mass ratio of the two is 1:1), 16 parts of seaweed fiber, 7 parts of glass fiber and 1 part of hydroxyapatite nanorod are stirred and mixed to obtain a raw material mixed solution A;

[0057] (2) Weighing 5 parts of isocyanate by mass, mixing the raw material mixed solution A and the isocyanate under a nitrogen atmosphere at 50° C. for 5 hours to obtain a raw material mixed solution B;

[0058] (3) Weigh 1 part of deionized water and 1.5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol by mass, add the raw material mixed solution B, mix well, pour into a mold to solidify, and demold to obtain a polyurethane foam board.

[0059] Embodiment 11

[0060] The difference from Example 1 is that the raw material ratio for preparing the flame retardant outer layer is different. The other steps are the same as Example 1. The preparation of the flame retardant outer layer is as follows:

[0061] (1) Weigh 55 parts by mass of polyester polyol, 2 parts of a pore opening agent, 11 parts of a mixture of boric acid and melamine cyanurate (the mass ratio of the two is 1:1), 16 parts of seaweed fiber, 7 parts of glass fiber and 1 part of hydroxyapatite nanorod are stirred and mixed to obtain a raw material mixed solution A;

[0062] (2) weighing 15 parts by mass of isocyanate, mixing the raw material mixed solution A and the isocyanate under a nitrogen atmosphere at 70° C. for 4 hours to obtain a raw material mixed solution B;

[0063] (3) Weigh 5 parts of deionized water and 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol by mass, add the raw material mixed solution B, mix well, pour into a mold to solidify, and obtain a polyurethane foam board after demoulding.

[0064] Comparative Example 1

[0065] The difference from Example 1 is that hydroxyapatite nanorods are not added to the raw materials for preparing the flame-retardant outer layer, and the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0066] Comparative Example 2

[0067] The composite curtain wall provided in Example 3 of Patent No. CN111809781B is adopted.

[0068] The composite curtain wall and the flame retardant outer layer provided by Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 1:

[0069] The flame retardant grade test of composite curtain wall refers to "GB 8624-2012 Classification of Combustion Performance of Building Materials and Products".

[0070] The flame retardant outer layer is tested for the limiting oxygen index using an oxygen index tester.

[0071] The sound insulation performance is tested with reference to the standard "ISO 717-1 Sound insulation levels of buildings and building elements Part 1: Airborne sound insulation".

[0072] Table 1

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] It can be seen from Table 1 that among Examples 1 to 3, Example 2 has the best comprehensive performance, mainly due to the increase in the proportion of hydroxyapatite nanorods, which can enhance the synergistic effect with flame retardant additives, improve the thermal stability of the material and the stability of the burning charcoal layer, and the surface of the hydroxyapatite nanorods themselves has a porous structure, which can partially improve the sound insulation performance, but excessive addition will cause the alkalinity of the hydroxyapatite nanorods to neutralize the boric acid, slow down the formation of the charcoal layer, and reduce the flame retardant performance.

[0076] The increase or decrease of the fiber components in Example 4 and Example 5 will affect the flame retardant properties of the material, mainly because the seaweed fiber and the glass fiber can be better combined with the polyurethane material under the action of hydroxyapatite, and the thermal stability of the fiber itself can increase the limiting oxygen index of the polyurethane material, which is beneficial to enhancing the flame retardant properties.

[0077] The thickness of the flame retardant layer and the sound absorbing layer in Examples 6 to 9 directly affects the sound insulation performance of the curtain wall. The sound insulation performance decreases as the thickness decreases. The ratios of the raw polyurethane and other components in Examples 10 and 11 are different, and their performances are also different. The flame retardant performance decreases when the proportion of polyurethane is large, and the flame retardant performance increases when the proportion of polyurethane is small.

[0078] Combining Comparative Example 1 and Example 1, not adding hydroxyapatite nanorods will greatly reduce the flame retardant performance of the composite curtain wall. Compared with the composite curtain wall in Comparative Example 2, the composite curtain wall in Example 1 has significantly better flame retardant performance.

[0079] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0080] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A composite curtain wall with good flame retardant and sound insulation effects, characterized in that: The composite curtain wall comprises, from outside to inside, an aluminum plate outer layer, a sound insulation layer, a flame retardant outer layer, a sound absorption layer, a flame retardant inner layer and an aluminum plate inner layer; The sound insulation layer is a carbon fiber board; The raw materials of the flame retardant outer layer include, by weight: 40-55 parts of polyester polyol, 5-15 parts of isocyanate, 1-5 parts of foaming agent, 1.5-3 parts of stabilizer, 0.5-2 parts of cell opener, 6-11 parts of flame retardant additive, 12-23 parts of seaweed fiber, 5-9 parts of glass fiber and 1-3 parts of hydroxyapatite nanorods; The sound absorbing layer is an aramid honeycomb core material; The flame retardant inner layer material is the same as the flame retardant outer layer material; The various layers of materials of the composite curtain wall are bonded and attached by using an adhesive.

2. A composite curtain wall with good flame retardant and sound insulation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the outer layer and the inner layer of the aluminum plate are both 0.3-0.5 mm.

3. The composite curtain wall with good flame retardant and sound insulation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the sound insulation layer is 1-2 mm.

4. The composite curtain wall with good flame retardant and sound insulation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the flame retardant outer layer is as follows: (1) weighing polyester polyol, a cell-opening agent, a flame retardant additive, seaweed fiber, glass fiber and hydroxyapatite nanorods according to a ratio, stirring and mixing to obtain a raw material mixed solution A; (2) weighing isocyanate according to the ratio, heating the raw material mixed solution A and the isocyanate under a nitrogen atmosphere for mixing and reacting to obtain a raw material mixed solution B; (3) Weigh the foaming agent and stabilizer according to the ratio, add the raw material mixed solution B and mix evenly, then pour into a mold for curing or spray molding, and obtain a polyurethane foam board after demoulding.

5. The composite curtain wall with good flame retardant and sound insulation effect according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temperature of the heating mixed reaction in (2) is 50-70° C., and the reaction time is 4-5 hours.

6. The composite curtain wall with good flame retardant and sound insulation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pore opening agent is a polyoxyalkylene-polysiloxane copolymer; The foaming agent is water; The stabilizer is at least one of polyacrylamide and polyvinyl alcohol.

7. The composite curtain wall with good flame retardant and sound insulation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant additive is a mixture of boric acid and melamine cyanurate in a mass ratio of 1:

1.

8. The composite curtain wall with good flame retardant and sound insulation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the flame retardant outer layer and the flame retardant inner layer are both 2-3 mm.

9. The composite curtain wall with good flame retardant and sound insulation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the aramid honeycomb core material is 5-7 mm.

10. The composite curtain wall with good flame retardant and sound insulation effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive is one of epoxy resin adhesive and silicone rubber adhesive.

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