Dovetail groove rapid measuring method and measuring tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of machine manufacturing, in particular to a dovetail groove rapid measurement method and tool, and the method comprises the steps: detecting the opening width of a trapezoidal groove based on a first cuboid sub-block and a second cuboid sub-block, and enabling the bottom width of the first cuboid sub-block to be larger than the design width of an upper opening of the trapezoidal groove, and enabling the bottom width of the second cuboid sub-block to be larger than the design width of a lower opening of the trapezoidal groove; the width of the bottom surface of the first cuboid sub-block is smaller than the designed width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove; the groove bottom included angle of the trapezoidal groove is detected based on a first right-angle triangular prism and a plurality of cuboid measuring sub-blocks, the bottom face of the first right-angle triangular prism is provided with an acute angle equal to the design value of the groove bottom included angle, and the cuboid measuring sub-blocks are the same in bottom face height and different in bottom face width. According to the invention, the first cuboid sub-block and the second cuboid sub-block are adopted to rapidly and accurately measure the width of the trapezoidal upper opening of the dovetail groove, and qualified products with the upper opening width can be screened out; by arranging the first right-angle triangular prism and the second cuboid block, the first groove bottom included angle and the second groove bottom included angle are measured, unqualified products are classified and recycled, and the machining cost and the product reject ratio are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanical manufacturing, and in particular to a dovetail groove rapid measurement method and a measuring tool. Background Art

[0002] The dovetail groove is a mechanical structure in which the bottom of the groove is wider than the groove mouth. It is usually used for mechanical relative motion. The motion accuracy is not only high but also stable. The dovetail groove is usually used in conjunction with a trapezoidal guide rail to play a guiding and supporting role and is widely used.

[0003] The dimensional indicators of the dovetail groove include: the cross-sectional width of the groove bottom and the groove mouth, the groove depth and the groove bottom angle. The groove bottom angle is the key dimension for matching with the trapezoidal guide rail, so higher requirements are placed on its accuracy; the groove bottom cross-section of the dovetail groove is generally an isosceles trapezoid, and the two groove bottom angles are equal.

[0004] One aspect of the prior art is that the groove bottom angle can be measured at multiple points using a dial indicator or by measuring the height and width of the dovetail groove at multiple points with a ruler or caliper, and then the groove bottom angle can be calculated. On the one hand, the multi-point sampling measurement efficiency is low, and the long cycle cannot achieve rapid detection; on the other hand, the accuracy of indirectly calculating the groove bottom angle by measuring the height and width is poor.

[0005] In addition, the existing technology requires multiple point measurements for the measurement of the groove bottom cross-sectional width and the groove mouth cross-sectional width. In addition to being cumbersome and inefficient, it is also easily affected by the point selection method and human operation, and cannot objectively reflect the advantages and disadvantages of the dovetail groove size indicators, resulting in the test results being unable to reflect the fit between the dovetail groove and the trapezoidal guide rail.

[0006] In addition, in the prior art, the size of the dovetail groove can be measured by using a go and no-go gauge: a no-go gauge that satisfies the upper limit of the dovetail groove size and a go gauge that is smaller than the lower limit of the dovetail groove size are used to quickly detect the size and angle of the dovetail groove; however, the go and no-go gauge cannot give a criterion for the deviation direction of the groove bottom angle, cannot determine whether the groove bottom angle is too small or too large, and cannot provide a basis for further adjusting the dovetail groove processing parameters. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a dovetail groove rapid measurement method and measuring tool to solve at least one of the problems in the prior art, namely, the cumbersome dovetail groove size measurement, poor accuracy, inability to reflect the fit between the dovetail groove and the trapezoidal guide rail, and inability to provide a basis for further adjusting the dovetail groove processing parameters.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a dovetail groove rapid measurement method, comprising:

[0010] Detecting the opening width of the trapezoidal groove based on the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block, wherein the bottom width of the first rectangular sub-block is greater than the design width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove, and the bottom width of the first rectangular sub-block is less than the design width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove;

[0011] The bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove is detected based on the first right-angled triangular prism and multiple rectangular measuring sub-blocks. The bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism is provided with an acute angle equal to the design value of the bottom angle of the groove. The bottom surface heights of the multiple rectangular measuring sub-blocks are the same, and the bottom surface widths are different.

[0012] Preferably, the measuring method comprises:

[0013] S1: Detect the depth of the dovetail groove and select qualified products based on the detection results of the dovetail groove depth;

[0014] S2: Based on the first rectangular block whose bottom width is larger than the designed width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove and the second rectangular block whose bottom width is smaller than the designed width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove, the opening width of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove with qualified groove depth is detected, and the products with qualified opening width of the trapezoidal groove are selected;

[0015] S3: Based on the first right-angled triangular prism and multiple rectangular measuring sub-blocks, the bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove is detected to screen out the dovetail grooves with qualified bottom angles. The bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism is provided with an acute angle equal to the design value of the bottom angle. The bottom surface heights of the multiple rectangular measuring sub-blocks are the same, and the bottom surface widths are different.

[0016] Preferably, S3 includes:

[0017] S301: Calculating the minimum value ymin and the maximum value ymax of the bottom width y4 of the second rectangular parallelepiped block based on the groove bottom angle design range;

[0018] S302: Detecting the groove bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove based on a first right-angled triangular prism and a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped measuring sub-blocks, wherein the bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism is provided with an acute angle equal to the design value of the groove bottom angle, and the bottom surfaces of the plurality of rectangular parallelepiped measuring sub-blocks have the same height and different widths;

[0019] S303: Compare the measured y4 with ymin and ymax to determine the groove bottom angle deviation, and select the dovetail groove with a qualified groove bottom angle.

[0020] Preferably, S303 includes:

[0021] The measured y4>ymax, then the angle of the bottom of the groove to be measured is <αmin, and the angle of the bottom of the groove to be measured is too small;

[0022] The measured y4 is less than ymin, and the angle of the bottom of the groove to be measured is greater than αmax, which means that the angle of the bottom of the groove to be measured is too large;

[0023] The measured y4 satisfies ymin≤y4≤ymax, then αmin≤the angle of the bottom of the groove to be measured≤αmax, and the angle of the bottom of the groove to be measured meets the design requirements.

[0024] Preferably, the measuring method further comprises:

[0025] S4: Based on the detection results of the groove bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove, the dovetail grooves with unqualified groove bottom angles are classified and the dovetail grooves that can be processed again are screened out.

[0026] Preferably, S4 includes:

[0027] When the first groove bottom angle A and / or the second groove bottom angle B is less than αmin, at least one side of the groove bottom angle corresponds to y4>ymax, and the groove bottom angle has no margin for further processing, and the dovetail groove is treated as a discarded part;

[0028] When the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B both satisfy ≥αmin, the corresponding y4 of each groove bottom angle all satisfies ≤ymax, and the dovetail groove is a qualified part or a part with a relatively large groove bottom angle. The part with a relatively large groove bottom angle has a margin for further processing, and the groove bottom angle of the dovetail groove, the inner side surface and the bottom surface corresponding to the groove bottom angle can continue to be processed.

[0029] Preferably, the bottom height h1 of the first right-angled triangular prism in S3 satisfies: h1≤designed depth h0 of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove; and the bottom height h4 of the second rectangular parallelepiped block satisfies: h4≥designed depth h0 of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove.

[0030] Preferably, the bottom height h1 of the first right-angled triangular prism and the bottom height h4 of the second rectangular parallelepiped block satisfy: h1 = h4 = h0.

[0031] Preferably, the bottom height h3 of the first rectangular parallelepiped block in S2 satisfies: h3 ≥ the design depth h0 of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove;

[0032] The first rectangular block is provided with a first rectangular sub-block and a second rectangular sub-block having the same bottom height h3 and different bottom widths y3;

[0033] The bottom width y31 of the first rectangular sub-block satisfies: y31≥a0+δa; the bottom width y32 of the second rectangular sub-block satisfies: y32≤a0-δa, wherein a0 is the design value of the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove, and δa>0 is the upper opening width tolerance of the trapezoidal groove.

[0034] A dovetail groove rapid measurement tool, used to implement the above-mentioned measurement method, comprising: a first rectangular block, a first right-angled triangular prism and a second rectangular block;

[0035] The bottom height h3 of the first rectangular block satisfies: h3 ≥ the design depth h0 of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove;

[0036] The first rectangular block includes a first rectangular sub-block and a second rectangular sub-block, the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block have the same bottom height h3 and different bottom widths y3;

[0037] The bottom width y31 of the first rectangular sub-block satisfies: y31≥a0+δa; the bottom width y32 of the second rectangular sub-block satisfies: y32≤a0-δa, wherein a0 is the design value of the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove, and δa>0 is the upper opening width tolerance of the trapezoidal groove;

[0038] The bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism is provided with a first acute angle α1, and α1=the design value α0 of the groove bottom angle;

[0039] The second rectangular block is provided with a plurality of rectangular measurement sub-blocks with the same bottom height and different bottom widths y4;

[0040] The side where the first acute angle α1 and / or the hypotenuse adjacent to the first acute angle α1 is located abuts against one side of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove, one side of the second rectangular block is abutted against the side where the right angle side opposite to the first acute angle α1 is located, and the other opposite side of the second rectangular block is abutted against the other side opposite to the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0042] (1) The rapid measurement tool of the present invention uses a first rectangular block and a second rectangular block with the same bottom height and different bottom widths to quickly and accurately measure the trapezoidal upper opening width of the dovetail groove, and screen out qualified products with the trapezoidal groove upper opening width meeting the requirements.

[0043] (2) The present invention provides a first right-angled triangular prism and a second rectangular parallelepiped block, wherein the second rectangular parallelepiped block can adaptively adjust the bottom width or the second rectangular parallelepiped block is provided with a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped measuring sub-blocks with the same bottom height and different bottom widths, thereby measuring the first groove bottom angle and the second groove bottom angle, and selecting qualified products according to the measurement results, and classifying and recycling unqualified products, thereby reducing processing costs and product defective rates.

[0044] (3) The present invention realizes through-type overall detection of the upper opening width and the bottom angle of the dovetail groove by setting a first right-angled triangular prism, a first rectangular block and a second rectangular block. While ensuring the detection accuracy, the measurement steps are simplified by sampling at multiple points. The through-type overall detection can reflect the fit between the dovetail groove and the trapezoidal guide rail, thus overcoming the defect that multiple-point sampling cannot reflect the fit between the dovetail groove and the trapezoidal guide rail.

[0045] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages can become obvious from the description, or can be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the embodiments of the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like components throughout the drawings.

[0047] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of dovetail groove structure;

[0048] Figure 2a Schematic diagram of the first right-angled triangular prism structure;

[0049] Figure 2b A schematic diagram of the first rectangular block structure;

[0050] Figure 2c Schematic diagram of the second rectangular block structure;

[0051] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of measuring the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove with the first rectangular block structure;

[0052] Figure 4a Schematic diagram of the first right-angled triangular prism and the second rectangular parallelepiped block detecting the angle of the bottom of the dovetail groove when the bottom angle of the dovetail groove is equal to the theoretical design value under ideal conditions;

[0053] Figure 4b Schematic diagram of the first right-angled triangular prism and the second rectangular parallelepiped block detecting the angle of the bottom of the dovetail groove when the bottom angle of the groove in the dovetail groove sample is less than the theoretical design value;

[0054] Figure 4c Schematic diagram of the first right-angled triangular prism and the second rectangular block detecting the angle of the bottom of the dovetail groove when the bottom angle of the groove in the dovetail groove sample is greater than the theoretical design value.

[0055] Reference numerals:

[0056] A first right triangular prism 1, a first acute angle α1, a first right angle side 101, a second right angle side 102, and a first hypotenuse 103;

[0057] Dovetail groove 2, first inner side surface 001a, second inner side surface 001b, bottom surface 002, first groove bottom angle A, second groove bottom angle B;

[0058] First cuboid block 3, first long side 301a, second long side 301b, first short side 302a, second short side 302b;

[0059] The second rectangular parallelepiped block 4, the third long side 401a, the fourth long side 401b, the third short side 402a, and the fourth short side 402b. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0061] Definition of terms:

[0062] The opposite faces with the smallest area of ​​the rectangular block are the top and bottom faces, and the remaining four faces are the side faces;

[0063] The two opposite triangular faces of the triangular prism block are the bottom face and the top face, and the other three faces are the side faces; unless otherwise specified, the rectangular parallelepiped block and the triangular prism block of the present invention refer to the above definition.

[0064] like Figure 1-Figure 4c As shown, in order to realize the rapid measurement of the dovetail groove, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0065] On the one hand, the present invention discloses a typical dovetail slot, such as Figure 1 As shown, the dovetail groove 2 includes: a first inner side surface 001a, a second inner side surface 001b, a bottom surface 002, a first groove bottom angle A, and a second groove bottom angle B;

[0066] The first inner side surface 001a, the bottom surface 002, and the second inner side surface 001b are connected in sequence to form a trapezoidal groove, and the depth of each part of the bottom surface is equal;

[0067] The first groove bottom angle A is the angle between the first inner side surface 001a and the bottom surface 002.

[0068] The second groove bottom angle B is the angle between the second inner side surface 001b and the bottom surface 002. The first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B are equal at all locations of the dovetail groove trapezoidal cross section.

[0069] The width of the trapezoidal groove upper opening is a, the width of the bottom surface is b, the depth is h, and the length of the dovetail groove in the extension direction is x.

[0070] In actual situations, due to the existence of machining errors during dovetail groove machining, the width a of the trapezoidal groove opening satisfies: a=a0±δa, where a0 is the design value of the width of the trapezoidal groove opening, and δa>0 is the tolerance of the width of the trapezoidal groove opening;

[0071] The bottom width b satisfies: b=b0±δb, where b0>0 is the design value of the bottom width of the trapezoidal groove, and δb is the tolerance of the bottom width of the trapezoidal groove;

[0072] The depth h of the trapezoidal groove satisfies: h=h0±δh, wherein h0>0 is the design value of the depth of the trapezoidal groove, and δh is the tolerance of the depth of the trapezoidal groove.

[0073] On the other hand, the present invention discloses a dovetail slot rapid measurement tool, such as Figure 2b As shown, it includes: a first rectangular parallelepiped block 3;

[0074] The bottom height h3 of the first rectangular parallelepiped block 3 satisfies h3 ≥ the design depth h0 of the trapezoidal groove;

[0075] The first rectangular block 3 includes a first rectangular sub-block and a second rectangular sub-block, the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block have the same bottom height h3 and different bottom widths y3;

[0076] The bottom width y31 of the first rectangular sub-block satisfies: y31≥a0+δa; the bottom width y32 of the second rectangular sub-block satisfies: y32≤a0-δa.

[0077] During implementation, the opening width of the trapezoidal groove is detected using the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block: the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block are respectively inserted into the trapezoidal groove, so that the bottom surfaces of the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block are parallel to the trapezoidal cross-section of the trapezoidal groove. When the trapezoidal groove to be detected satisfies: the first rectangular sub-block cannot be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove but the second rectangular sub-block can be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove, then the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove to be detected meets the requirement.

[0078] Preferably, in actual implementation, the bottom width y31 of the first rectangular sub-block satisfies: y31 = a0 + δa; the bottom width y32 of the second rectangular sub-block satisfies: y32 = a0 - δa; although it is more stringent, it is easier to operate.

[0079] Specifically, the bottom surface of the first rectangular block 3 is provided with a group of relative edges: a first long side 301a, a second long side 301b and another group of relative edges, a first short side 302a, a second short side 302b. The lengths of the first long side 301a and the second long side 301b are defined as the bottom surface height h3 of the first rectangular block 3, and the lengths of the first short side 302a and the second short side 302b are defined as the bottom surface width y3 of the first rectangular block 3.

[0080] During implementation, the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block in the first rectangular block 3 are inserted into the trapezoidal groove from top to bottom through the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove, and the bottom surfaces of the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block are always parallel to the trapezoidal cross-section of the trapezoidal groove; when the first rectangular sub-block cannot be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove, the lengths of the first short side 302a and the second short side 302b of the first rectangular sub-block, that is, the bottom surface width y31 of the first rectangular sub-block is greater than the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove; when the second rectangular sub-block can be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove, the lengths of the first short side 302a and the second short side 302b of the second rectangular sub-block, that is, the bottom surface width y32 of the second rectangular sub-block is less than the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove; thereby, it can be ensured that the upper opening width a of the trapezoidal groove is between y31 and y32, and satisfies a=a0±δa.

[0081] Compared with the prior art, the rapid measurement tooling of the present invention uses a first rectangular sub-block and a second rectangular sub-block with the same bottom height h3 and different bottom width y3 to quickly and accurately measure the trapezoidal upper opening width of the dovetail groove, and screen out qualified products whose trapezoidal groove upper opening width a meets the requirements.

[0082] It should be noted that, in addition to the upper opening width a of the trapezoidal groove, the key dimensional parameters of the dovetail groove also include the first groove bottom angle A, the second groove bottom angle B, the depth h of the trapezoidal groove, and the bottom surface width b. The depth h of the trapezoidal groove can be easily determined by multi-point measurement using a depth gauge. When the depth h of the trapezoidal groove and the upper opening width a of the trapezoidal groove are known, all the key dimensional parameters can be obtained by further measuring the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B. The bottom surface width b can be calculated from the above four parameters through geometric relationships.

[0083] During implementation, a depth gauge is used to measure at multiple points to determine if the depth h is qualified, and after the upper opening width a of the trapezoidal groove is screened out based on the first rectangular block 3 to be qualified, the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B need to be further measured.

[0084] It can be understood that, taking the measurement of the first groove bottom angle A as an example, Figure 4a As shown, ideally, the first acute angle α1 and the first groove bottom angle A satisfy: α1=A, the first oblique edge 103 abuts against the first inner side surface 001a, and the first acute angle α1 abuts against the first groove bottom angle A.

[0085] In actual situations, due to the existence of machining errors during dovetail groove machining, taking the measurement of the first groove bottom angle A as an example, there is a situation where the first acute angle α1 is greater than or less than the first groove bottom angle A:

[0086] When the first acute angle α1 is smaller than the first groove bottom angle A, Figure 4b As shown:

[0087] The first acute angle α1 abuts against the first groove bottom angle A, and the first oblique edge 103 does not abut against the first inner side surface 001a.

[0088] When the first acute angle α1 is greater than the first groove bottom angle A, Figure 4c As shown:

[0089] The first oblique side 103 abuts against the first inner side surface 001a, and the first acute angle α1 does not abut against the first groove bottom angle A.

[0090] Furthermore, in order to measure the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B, a dovetail groove rapid measurement tool is provided, such as Figure 2a , Figure 2c As shown, it also includes: a first right-angled triangular prism 1 and a second cuboid block 4;

[0091] The bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism 1 is provided with a first acute angle α1, and α1=the design value α0 of the groove bottom angle;

[0092] The second cuboid block 4 can adaptively adjust the bottom width or the second cuboid block 4 is provided with a plurality of cuboid measurement sub-blocks with the same bottom height h4 and different bottom widths y4;

[0093] After the first acute angle α1 and / or the side where the hypotenuse adjacent to the first acute angle α1 is located abuts against one side of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove, one side of the second rectangular block 4 abuts against the side where the right angle side opposite to the first acute angle α1 is located, while the other opposite side abuts against the other side opposite to the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove.

[0094] During implementation, taking the measurement of the first groove bottom angle A as an example, the side where the right-angled side adjacent to the first acute angle α1 is located is abutted against the dovetail groove bottom surface 002; the first acute angle α1 is inserted into the area where the first groove bottom angle A is located, so that the first acute angle α1 is connected to the first groove bottom angle A, and / or the side where the hypotenuse adjacent to the first acute angle α1 is located is abutted against the first inner side surface 001a; the second rectangular block 4 is inserted so that one side of the second rectangular block 4 is connected to the side where the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1 is located, and at the same time, the other side of the second rectangular block 4 is abutted against the second inner side surface 001b, thereby realizing the measurement of the distance in the projection direction of the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1 and the second inner side surface 001b on the dovetail groove bottom surface 002 using the bottom surface width y4 of the second rectangular block 4.

[0095] Specifically, a first right-angled side 101 and a first hypotenuse 103 are provided on both sides of the first acute angle α1, and a second right-angled side 102 is provided on the side opposite to the first acute angle α1;

[0096] The bottom surface of the second rectangular block 4 is provided with a set of opposite sides, namely the third long side 401a and the fourth long side 401b, and another set of opposite sides, namely the third short side 402a and the fourth short side 402b. The length of the third long side 401a and the fourth long side 401b is defined as the bottom surface height h4 of the second rectangular block 4.

[0097] During implementation, taking the measurement of the first groove bottom angle A as an example, in order to realize the insertion of the first acute angle α1 into the first groove bottom angle A, the side surface where the first right-angled side 101 adjacent to the first acute angle α1 is located is abutted against the bottom surface 002 of the dovetail groove, and the first acute angle α1 is inserted into the area where the first groove bottom angle A is located, so that the first acute angle α1 is connected to the first groove bottom angle A, and / or the side surface where the first hypotenuse 103 is located is abutted against the first inner side surface 001a; the second rectangular block 4 is inserted so that the side surface where the third long side 401a of the second rectangular block 4 is connected to the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1, and at the same time, the side surface where the fourth short side 402b is located is abutted against the second inner side surface 001b, thereby realizing the measurement of the distance in the projection direction of the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1 and the second inner side surface 001b on the bottom surface 002 of the dovetail groove using the bottom surface width y4 of the second rectangular block 4.

[0098] Specifically, the bottom height h1 of the first right-angled triangular prism 1 satisfies: h1≤designed depth h0 of the trapezoidal groove; and the bottom height h4 of the second rectangular parallelepiped block 4 satisfies: h4≥designed depth h0 of the trapezoidal groove.

[0099] Preferably, the bottom height h1 of the first right-angled triangular prism 1 and the bottom height h4 of the second cuboid block 4 satisfy: h1 = h4 = h0.

[0100] It should be noted that when h1=h4=h0, the side surface abutting the second inner side surface 001b abuts the second inner side surface 001b and the dovetail groove notch connection. Under ideal circumstances, the bottom surface width y4 of the second rectangular block 4 is equal to the upper opening width a of the trapezoidal groove. In actual circumstances, due to the existence of processing errors during the processing of the dovetail groove, there is a situation where the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B are greater than or less than the design value, which leads to y4≠a. Therefore, the measured y4 can be used as the basis for judging the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B.

[0101] It should be noted that if Figure 4a-4b As shown, taking the measurement of the first groove bottom angle A as an example, when the trapezoidal groove depth h and the trapezoidal groove upper opening width a are qualified, h1=h4=h0, since the second rectangular block 4 does not contact the inclined area of ​​the second inner surface 001b, the angle change of the second groove bottom angle B will not affect the change of y4; therefore, only the increase or decrease of the first groove bottom angle A relative to the design value will affect the change of y4, and at the same time, the change of the first groove bottom angle A causes the corresponding change in the bottom width on one side of the first groove bottom angle A.

[0102] It is understandable that in actual production, a tolerance range is often set for the groove bottom angle of the dovetail groove trapezoidal groove so that the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B satisfy: the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B = α0±β, where β is the tolerance; within this range, the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B are both within a reasonable range.

[0103] During implementation, taking the measurement of the first groove bottom angle A as an example, when the first groove bottom angle A takes the maximum value αmax, y4 takes the minimum value ymin, and the bottom width on one side of the first groove bottom angle A takes the minimum value, such as Figure 4b As shown: αmax=α0+β;

[0104] When the first groove bottom angle A takes the minimum value αmin, y4 takes the maximum value ymax, and the bottom width on one side of the first groove bottom angle A takes the maximum value, such as Figure 4c As shown: αmin=α0-β;

[0105] When the measured y4>ymax, the first groove bottom angle A<αmin, and the first groove bottom angle A is too small;

[0106] When the measured y4<ymin, the first groove bottom angle A>αmax, and the first groove bottom angle A is too large;

[0107] When the measured y4 satisfies ymin≤y4≤ymax, then αmin≤the first groove bottom angle A≤αmax, and the first groove bottom angle A meets the design requirements.

[0108] Similarly, the second groove bottom angle B is tested using the same method to determine whether the second groove bottom angle B meets the design requirements.

[0109] It should be noted that when the first groove bottom angle A and / or the second groove bottom angle B is less than αmin, at least one side of the groove bottom angle corresponds to y4>ymax, resulting in no margin for further processing of the side groove bottom angle, resulting in the entire dovetail groove having to be treated as a waste part;

[0110] When the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B both satisfy ≥αmin, and the corresponding y4 of each groove bottom angle satisfies ≤ymax, the dovetail groove is a qualified part or a part with a relatively large groove bottom angle. Even if the part has a relatively large groove bottom angle, it contains allowance for further processing. The groove bottom angle of the dovetail groove, the inner side surface and bottom surface corresponding to the groove bottom angle can be further processed and inspected again.

[0111] It should be noted that the dovetail groove bottom width b is related to the changes in the bottom width on both sides of the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B, and is affected by the combined influence of the changes of the two. According to the geometric relationship, when the measured first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B are within a reasonable range, the dovetail groove bottom width b is also within a reasonable range.

[0112] In a feasible implementation manner, the third long side 401a and the fourth long side 401b of the second cuboid block 4 can move in parallel with the third short side 402a and the fourth short side 402b; specifically, the relative movement can be achieved by hydraulics or a servo motor.

[0113] Another feasible implementation manner is that the second rectangular block 4 is provided with a plurality of rectangular measuring sub-blocks with the same bottom height h4 and different bottom widths y4, and the width of each rectangular measuring sub-block satisfies: varying within the range of a0±δa1, wherein a0 is the design value of the opening width on the trapezoidal groove, δa1>0 is the tolerance for the variation of the width of the rectangular measuring sub-block, and the value of δa1 should meet the machining accuracy requirements, so that the y4 values ​​brought about by the changes in the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B are both within the range of a0±δa1.

[0114] Specifically, the bottom widths of the plurality of rectangular parallelepiped measuring sub-blocks in the second rectangular parallelepiped block 4 may be uniformly varied within the range of a0±δa1 at fixed intervals.

[0115] Specifically, the fixed interval may be 20 μm to 500 μm.

[0116] Compared with the prior art, the present invention realizes measurement of the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B by setting a first right-angled triangular prism 1 and a second rectangular block, wherein the second rectangular block can adaptively adjust the bottom width or the second rectangular block is provided with a plurality of rectangular measuring sub-blocks with the same bottom height h4 and different bottom widths y4, and selects qualified products according to the measurement results, and classifies and recycles unqualified products, thereby reducing processing costs and product defective rates.

[0117] Compared with the prior art, the present invention realizes through-type overall detection of the upper opening width and the bottom angle of the dovetail groove by setting a first right-angled triangular prism, a first rectangular block and a second rectangular block. While ensuring the detection accuracy, the measurement steps are simplified by multi-point sampling, and the through-type overall detection can reflect the fit between the dovetail groove and the trapezoidal guide rail, overcoming the defect that multi-point sampling cannot reflect the fit between the dovetail groove and the trapezoidal guide rail.

[0118] It can be understood that the bottom width y2 of the first cuboid block 3 is equal to the distance between the second right-angled side 102 and the second inner side surface 001b of the dovetail groove projected on the bottom surface of the dovetail groove.

[0119] On the other hand, the present invention discloses a dovetail groove rapid measurement method, using the above-mentioned measuring tool, comprising:

[0120] Detecting the opening width of the trapezoidal groove based on the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block, wherein the bottom width of the first rectangular sub-block is greater than the design width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove, and the bottom width of the first rectangular sub-block is less than the design width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove;

[0121] The bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove is detected based on the first right-angled triangular prism and multiple rectangular measuring sub-blocks. The bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism is provided with an acute angle equal to the design value of the bottom angle of the groove. The bottom surface heights of the multiple rectangular measuring sub-blocks are the same, and the bottom surface widths are different.

[0122] During implementation, the opening width of the trapezoidal groove is detected using the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block: the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block are respectively inserted into the trapezoidal groove, so that the bottom surfaces of the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block are parallel to the trapezoidal cross-section of the trapezoidal groove. When the trapezoidal groove to be detected satisfies: the first rectangular sub-block cannot be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove but the second rectangular sub-block can be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove, then the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove to be detected meets the requirement.

[0123] Specifically, the bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism 1 is provided with an acute angle equal to the design value α0 of the groove bottom angle;

[0124] The second cuboid block 4 can adaptively adjust the bottom width or the second cuboid block 4 is provided with a plurality of cuboid measurement sub-blocks with the same bottom height h4 and different bottom widths y4;

[0125] After the acute angle and / or the oblique side adjacent to the acute angle abuts against one side of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove, one side of the second rectangular parallelepiped block 4 abuts against the right angle side opposite to the acute angle, while the other opposite side abuts against the other side opposite to the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove.

[0126] During implementation, taking the measurement of the first groove bottom angle A as an example, the side where the right-angled side adjacent to the acute angle is located is abutted against the dovetail groove bottom surface 002; the acute angle is inserted into the area where the first groove bottom angle A is located, so that the acute angle is connected to the first groove bottom angle A, and / or the side where the hypotenuse adjacent to the acute angle is located is abutted against the first inner side surface 001a; the second rectangular block 4 is inserted so that one side of the second rectangular block 4 is connected to the side where the right-angled side opposite to the acute angle is located, and at the same time, the other side of the second rectangular block 4 is abutted against the second inner side surface 001b, thereby realizing the measurement of the distance in the projection direction of the right-angled side opposite to the acute angle and the second inner side surface 001b on the dovetail groove bottom surface 002 using the bottom surface width y4 of the second rectangular block 4, and using this distance as a criterion for judging whether the first groove bottom angle A is within a reasonable range.

[0127] Specifically, the dovetail groove rapid measurement method includes:

[0128] S1: Detect the depth of the dovetail groove and select qualified products based on the detection results of the dovetail groove depth;

[0129] S2: Based on the first rectangular block and the second rectangular block, the opening width of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove with qualified groove depth is detected to select qualified products with the opening width of the trapezoidal groove; wherein the bottom width of the first rectangular block is greater than the design width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove, and the bottom width of the second rectangular block is less than the design width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove;

[0130] S3: Based on the first right-angled triangular prism and multiple rectangular parallelepiped measuring sub-blocks, the groove bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove is detected to select the dovetail groove with qualified groove bottom angle; wherein the bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism is provided with an acute angle equal to the design value of the groove bottom angle, and the bottom surfaces of the multiple rectangular parallelepiped measuring sub-blocks have the same height and different bottom surface widths;

[0131] S4: Based on the detection results of the groove bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove, the dovetail grooves with unqualified groove bottom angles are classified and the dovetail grooves that can be processed again are screened out.

[0132] Specifically, the depth detection of the dovetail groove in S1 can be achieved by using a vernier caliper or a depth gauge to sample and detect the depths of different areas of the dovetail groove.

[0133] Specifically, the bottom height h3 of the first cuboid block 3 in S2 satisfies h3 ≥ the designed depth h0 of the trapezoidal groove;

[0134] The first rectangular block 3 is provided with a first rectangular sub-block and a second rectangular sub-block having the same bottom height h3 and different bottom widths y3;

[0135] The bottom width y31 of the first rectangular sub-block satisfies: y31≥a0+δa; the bottom width y32 of the second rectangular sub-block satisfies: y32≤a0-δa.

[0136] During implementation, the opening width of the trapezoidal groove is detected using the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block: the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block are respectively inserted into the trapezoidal groove, so that the bottom surfaces of the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block are parallel to the trapezoidal cross-section of the trapezoidal groove. When the trapezoidal groove to be detected satisfies: the first rectangular sub-block cannot be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove but the second rectangular sub-block can be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove, then the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove to be detected meets the requirement.

[0137] Preferably, in actual implementation, the bottom width y31 of the first rectangular sub-block satisfies: y31 = a0 + δa; the bottom width y32 of the second rectangular sub-block satisfies: y32 = a0 - δa; although it is more stringent, it is easier to operate.

[0138] Specifically, the bottom surface of the first rectangular block 3 is provided with a group of relative edges: a first long side 301a, a second long side 301b and another group of relative edges, a first short side 302a, a second short side 302b. The lengths of the first long side 301a and the second long side 301b are defined as the bottom surface height h3 of the first rectangular block 3, and the lengths of the first short side 302a and the second short side 302b are defined as the bottom surface width y3 of the first rectangular block 3.

[0139] During implementation, the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block in the first rectangular block 3 are inserted into the trapezoidal groove from top to bottom through the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove, and the bottom surfaces of the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block are always parallel to the trapezoidal cross-section of the trapezoidal groove; when the first rectangular sub-block cannot be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove, the lengths of the first short side 302a and the second short side 302b of the first rectangular sub-block, that is, the bottom surface width y31 of the first rectangular sub-block is greater than the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove; when the second rectangular sub-block can be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove, the lengths of the first short side 302a and the second short side 302b of the second rectangular sub-block, that is, the bottom surface width y32 of the second rectangular sub-block is less than the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove; thereby, it can be ensured that the upper opening width a of the trapezoidal groove is between y31 and y32, and satisfies a=a0±δa.

[0140] Compared with the prior art, the rapid measurement tooling of the present invention uses a first rectangular sub-block and a second rectangular sub-block with the same bottom height h3 and different bottom width y3 to quickly and accurately measure the trapezoidal upper opening width of the dovetail groove, and screen out qualified products whose trapezoidal groove upper opening width a meets the requirements.

[0141] Specifically, the bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism 1 in S3 is provided with a first acute angle α1, and α1=the design value α0 of the groove bottom angle;

[0142] The second cuboid block 4 can adaptively adjust the bottom width or the second cuboid block 4 is provided with a plurality of cuboid measurement sub-blocks with the same bottom height h4 and different bottom widths y4;

[0143] After the first acute angle α1 and / or the oblique side adjacent to the first acute angle α1 abut against one side of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove, one side surface of the second rectangular parallelepiped block 4 abuts against the right angle side opposite to the first acute angle α1, while the other opposite side surface abuts against the other side opposite to the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove.

[0144] During implementation, taking the measurement of the first groove bottom angle A as an example, the side where the right-angled side adjacent to the first acute angle α1 is located is abutted against the dovetail groove bottom surface 002; the first acute angle α1 is inserted into the area where the first groove bottom angle A is located, so that the first acute angle α1 is connected to the first groove bottom angle A, and / or the side where the hypotenuse adjacent to the first acute angle α1 is located is abutted against the first inner side surface 001a; the second rectangular block 4 is inserted so that one side of the second rectangular block 4 is connected to the side where the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1 is located, and at the same time, the other side of the second rectangular block 4 is abutted against the second inner side surface 001b, thereby realizing the measurement of the distance in the projection direction of the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1 and the second inner side surface 001b on the dovetail groove bottom surface 002 using the bottom surface width y4 of the second rectangular block 4.

[0145] Specifically, a first right-angled side 101 and a first hypotenuse 103 are provided on both sides of the first acute angle α1, and a second right-angled side 102 is provided on the side opposite to the first acute angle α1;

[0146] The bottom surface of the second rectangular block 4 is provided with a set of opposite sides, namely the third long side 401a and the fourth long side 401b, and another set of opposite sides, namely the third short side 402a and the fourth short side 402b. The length of the third long side 401a and the fourth long side 401b is defined as the bottom surface height h4 of the second rectangular block 4.

[0147] During implementation, taking the measurement of the first groove bottom angle A as an example, in order to realize the insertion of the first acute angle α1 into the first groove bottom angle A, the side surface where the first right-angled side 101 adjacent to the first acute angle α1 is located is abutted against the bottom surface 002 of the dovetail groove, and the first acute angle α1 is inserted into the area where the first groove bottom angle A is located, so that the first acute angle α1 is connected to the first groove bottom angle A, and / or the side surface where the first hypotenuse 103 is located is abutted against the first inner side surface 001a; the second rectangular block 4 is inserted so that the side surface where the third long side 401a of the second rectangular block 4 is connected to the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1, and at the same time, the side surface where the fourth short side 402b is located is abutted against the second inner side surface 001b, thereby realizing the measurement of the distance in the projection direction of the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1 and the second inner side surface 001b on the bottom surface 002 of the dovetail groove using the bottom surface width y4 of the second rectangular block 4.

[0148] Specifically, the bottom height h1 of the first right-angled triangular prism 1 satisfies: h1≤designed depth h0 of the trapezoidal groove; and the bottom height h4 of the second rectangular parallelepiped block 4 satisfies: h4≥designed depth h0 of the trapezoidal groove.

[0149] Preferably, the bottom height h1 of the first right-angled triangular prism 1 and the bottom height h4 of the second cuboid block 4 satisfy: h1 = h4 = h0.

[0150] It should be noted that when h1=h4=h0, the side surface abutting the second inner side surface 001b abuts the second inner side surface 001b and the dovetail groove notch connection. Under ideal circumstances, the bottom surface width y4 of the second rectangular block 4 is equal to the upper opening width a of the trapezoidal groove. In actual circumstances, due to the existence of processing errors during the processing of the dovetail groove, there is a situation where the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B are greater than or less than the design value, which leads to y4≠a. Therefore, the measured y4 can be used as the basis for judging the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B.

[0151] It should be noted that if Figure 4a-4b As shown, taking the measurement of the first groove bottom angle A as an example, when the trapezoidal groove depth h and the trapezoidal groove upper opening width a are qualified, h1=h4=h0, since the second rectangular block 4 does not contact the inclined area of ​​the second inner surface 001b, the angle change of the second groove bottom angle B will not affect the change of y4; therefore, only the increase or decrease of the first groove bottom angle A relative to the design value will affect the change of y4, and at the same time, the change of the first groove bottom angle A causes the corresponding change in the bottom width on one side of the first groove bottom angle A.

[0152] It is understandable that in actual production, a tolerance range is often set for the groove bottom angle of the dovetail groove trapezoidal groove so that the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B satisfy: the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B = α0±β, where β is the tolerance; within this range, the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B are both within a reasonable range.

[0153] Specifically, S3 includes:

[0154] S301: Calculating the minimum value ymin and the maximum value ymax of the bottom width y4 of the second cuboid block 4 based on the groove bottom angle design range;

[0155] S302: Detecting the groove bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove based on a first right-angled triangular prism and a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped measuring sub-blocks, wherein the bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism is provided with an acute angle equal to the design value of the groove bottom angle, and the bottom surfaces of the plurality of rectangular parallelepiped measuring sub-blocks have the same height and different widths;

[0156] S303: Compare the measured y4 with ymin and ymax to determine the groove bottom angle deviation, and select the dovetail groove with a qualified groove bottom angle.

[0157] Specifically, S302 includes:

[0158] S3021: setting a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped measurement sub-blocks with different bottom widths at fixed intervals within the range of a0±δa1, and numbering them in ascending order of bottom width as the 1st rectangular parallelepiped measurement sub-block, ..., the nth rectangular parallelepiped measurement sub-block, and the n+1th rectangular parallelepiped measurement sub-block;

[0159] S3022: inserting the rectangular parallelepiped measuring sub-block from top to bottom in the order from small to large, in the form of a trapezoidal cross-section with the bottom surface parallel to the trapezoidal groove, into the position between the first right-angled triangular prism and the trapezoidal groove, so that a group of opposite side surfaces of the rectangular parallelepiped measuring sub-block are respectively in contact with the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1 and the second inner side surface 001b of the first right-angled triangular prism;

[0160] S3023: When the nth cuboid measurement sub-block can be inserted but the n+1th cuboid measurement sub-block cannot be inserted, n is the target cuboid measurement sub-block, and the bottom width of the nth cuboid measurement sub-block is the measured y4.

[0161] During implementation, taking the measurement of the first groove bottom angle A as an example, when the first groove bottom angle A takes the maximum value αmax, y4 takes the minimum value ymin, and the bottom width on one side of the first groove bottom angle A takes the minimum value, such as Figure 4b As shown: αmax=α0+β;

[0162] When the first groove bottom angle A takes the minimum value αmin, y4 takes the maximum value ymax, and the bottom width on one side of the first groove bottom angle A takes the maximum value, such as Figure 4c As shown: αmin=α0-β;

[0163] When the measured y4>ymax, the first groove bottom angle A<αmin, and the first groove bottom angle A is too small;

[0164] When the measured y4<ymin, the first groove bottom angle A>αmax, and the first groove bottom angle A is too large;

[0165] When the measured y4 satisfies ymin≤y4≤ymax, then αmin≤the first groove bottom angle A≤αmax, and the first groove bottom angle A meets the design requirements.

[0166] Similarly, the second groove bottom angle B is tested using the same method to determine whether the second groove bottom angle B meets the design requirements.

[0167] Based on the detection results of the groove bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove, S4 classifies the dovetail grooves with unqualified groove bottom angles and selects the dovetail grooves that can be processed again, including:

[0168] When the first groove bottom angle A and / or the second groove bottom angle B is less than αmin, at least one side of the groove bottom angle corresponds to y4>ymax, resulting in no margin for further processing of the side groove bottom angle, resulting in the entire dovetail groove having to be treated as a waste part;

[0169] When the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B both satisfy ≥αmin, and the corresponding y4 of each groove bottom angle satisfies ≤ymax, the dovetail groove is a qualified part or a part with a relatively large groove bottom angle. Even if the part has a relatively large groove bottom angle, it contains allowance for further processing. The groove bottom angle of the dovetail groove, the inner side surface and bottom surface corresponding to the groove bottom angle can be further processed and inspected again.

[0170] It should be noted that the dovetail groove bottom width b is related to the changes in the bottom width on both sides of the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B, and is affected by the combined influence of the changes of the two. According to the geometric relationship, when the measured first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B are within a reasonable range, the dovetail groove bottom width b is also within a reasonable range.

[0171] Compared with the prior art, the present invention realizes measurement of the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B by setting a first right-angled triangular prism 1 and a second rectangular block, wherein the second rectangular block can adaptively adjust the bottom width or the second rectangular block is provided with a plurality of rectangular measuring sub-blocks with the same bottom height h4 and different bottom widths y4, and selects qualified products according to the measurement results, and classifies and recycles unqualified products, thereby reducing processing costs and product defective rates.

[0172] Compared with the prior art, the present invention realizes through-type overall detection of the upper opening width and the bottom angle of the dovetail groove by setting a first right-angled triangular prism, a first rectangular block and a second rectangular block. While ensuring the detection accuracy, the measurement steps are simplified by multi-point sampling, and the through-type overall detection can reflect the fit between the dovetail groove and the trapezoidal guide rail, overcoming the defect that multi-point sampling cannot reflect the fit between the dovetail groove and the trapezoidal guide rail.

[0173] In order to better illustrate the present invention, the following embodiments are further provided:

[0174] Example 1

[0175] This embodiment discloses a dovetail groove rapid measurement tool, such as Figure 2a-4c As shown, it includes: a first rectangular parallelepiped block 3, a first right-angled triangular prism 1 and a second rectangular parallelepiped block 4;

[0176] The bottom height h3 of the first rectangular parallelepiped block 3 satisfies h3=the design depth h0 of the trapezoidal groove;

[0177] The first rectangular block 3 is provided with a first rectangular sub-block and a second rectangular sub-block having the same bottom height h3 and different bottom widths y3;

[0178] The bottom width y31 of the first rectangular sub-block satisfies: y31=a0+δa; the bottom width y32 of the second rectangular sub-block satisfies: y32=a0-δa; a0 is 53.00 mm, and δa is 0.50 mm.

[0179] The bottom surface of the first rectangular block 3 is provided with a group of relative edges: a first long side 301a, a second long side 301b and another group of relative edges, a first short side 302a, a second short side 302b. The lengths of the first long side 301a and the second long side 301b are defined as the bottom surface height h3 of the first rectangular block 3, and the lengths of the first short side 302a and the second short side 302b are defined as the bottom surface width y3 of the first rectangular block 3.

[0180] The bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism 1 is provided with a first acute angle α1, and α1=the design value of the groove bottom angle α0=60°;

[0181] The second cuboid block 4 can adaptively adjust the bottom width or the second cuboid block 4 is provided with a plurality of cuboid measurement sub-blocks with the same bottom height h4 and different bottom widths y4;

[0182] After the first acute angle α1 and / or the oblique side adjacent to the first acute angle α1 abut against one side of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove, one side surface of the second rectangular parallelepiped block 4 abuts against the right angle side opposite to the first acute angle α1, while the other opposite side surface abuts against the other side opposite to the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove.

[0183] A first right-angled side 101 and a first hypotenuse 103 are provided on both sides of the first acute angle α1, and a second right-angled side 102 is provided on the side opposite to the first acute angle α1;

[0184] The bottom surface of the second rectangular block 4 is provided with a set of opposite sides, namely the third long side 401a and the fourth long side 401b, and another set of opposite sides, namely the third short side 402a and the fourth short side 402b. The length of the third long side 401a and the fourth long side 401b is defined as the bottom surface height h4 of the second rectangular block 4.

[0185] The bottom height h1 of the first right-angled triangular prism 1 and the bottom height h4 of the second rectangular parallelepiped block 4 satisfy: h1 = h4 = h0 = 60.00 mm.

[0186] The first acute angle α1 is smaller than the first groove bottom angle A. Figure 4b As shown:

[0187] The first acute angle α1 abuts against the first groove bottom angle A, and the first oblique edge 103 does not abut against the first inner side surface 001a.

[0188] The second cuboid block 4 is provided with a plurality of cuboid measuring sub-blocks with the same bottom height h4 and different bottom widths y4. The width of each cuboid measuring sub-block satisfies: the width varies within the range of 53.00±0.50 mm with a fixed interval of 500 μm.

[0189] This embodiment discloses a dovetail groove rapid measurement method, using the above-mentioned measurement tool, including:

[0190] S1: Detect the depth of the dovetail groove and select qualified products based on the detection results of the dovetail groove depth;

[0191] S2: Based on the first rectangular block whose bottom width is larger than the designed width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove and the second rectangular block whose bottom width is smaller than the designed width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove, the opening width of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove with qualified groove depth is detected, and the products with qualified opening width of the trapezoidal groove are selected;

[0192] S3: Based on the first right-angled triangular prism and a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped measuring sub-blocks, the groove bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove is detected to select the dovetail groove with a qualified groove bottom angle, wherein the bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism is provided with an acute angle equal to the design value of the groove bottom angle, and the bottom surfaces of the plurality of rectangular parallelepiped measuring sub-blocks are of the same height and different bottom surface widths;

[0193] S4: Based on the detection results of the groove bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove, the dovetail grooves with unqualified groove bottom angles are classified and the dovetail grooves that can be processed again are screened out.

[0194] In S1, the depth detection of the dovetail groove is achieved by sampling and detecting the depth of different areas of the dovetail groove using a depth gauge.

[0195] The bottom height h3 of the first rectangular parallelepiped block 3 in S2 satisfies h3 = the design depth of the trapezoidal groove h0 = 60.00 mm;

[0196] The first rectangular block 3 is provided with a first rectangular sub-block and a second rectangular sub-block having the same bottom height h3 and different bottom widths y3;

[0197] The bottom width y31 of the first rectangular sub-block satisfies: y31=a0+δa; the bottom width y32 of the second rectangular sub-block satisfies: y32=a0-δa; a0 is 53.00 mm, and δa is 0.50 mm.

[0198] The opening width of the trapezoidal groove is detected by using the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block: the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block are respectively inserted into the trapezoidal groove so that the bottom surfaces of the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block are parallel to the trapezoidal cross-section of the trapezoidal groove. When the trapezoidal groove to be detected satisfies: the first rectangular sub-block cannot be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove but the second rectangular sub-block can be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove, then the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove to be detected meets the requirement.

[0199] The first and second cuboid sub-blocks in the first cuboid block 3 are inserted into the trapezoidal groove from top to bottom through the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove, and the bottom surfaces of the first and second cuboid sub-blocks are always parallel to the trapezoidal cross-section of the trapezoidal groove; when the first cuboid sub-block cannot be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove, the lengths of the first short side 302a and the second short side 302b of the first cuboid sub-block, that is, the bottom surface width y31 of the first cuboid sub-block is greater than the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove; when the second cuboid sub-block can be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove, the lengths of the first short side 302a and the second short side 302b of the second cuboid sub-block, that is, the bottom surface width y32 of the second cuboid sub-block is less than the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove; thereby, it can be ensured that the upper opening width a of the trapezoidal groove is between y31 and y32, and satisfies a=a0±δa.

[0200] In S3, taking the measurement of the first groove bottom angle A as an example, the side where the right-angled side adjacent to the first acute angle α1 is located is abutted against the bottom surface 002 of the dovetail groove; the first acute angle α1 is inserted into the area where the first groove bottom angle A is located, so that the first acute angle α1 is connected to the first groove bottom angle A, and / or the side where the hypotenuse adjacent to the first acute angle α1 is located is abutted against the first inner side surface 001a; the second rectangular block 4 is inserted so that one side of the second rectangular block 4 is connected to the side where the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1 is located, and at the same time, the other side of the second rectangular block 4 is abutted against the second inner side surface 001b, thereby realizing the measurement of the distance in the projection direction of the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1 and the second inner side surface 001b on the bottom surface 002 of the dovetail groove using the bottom surface width y4 of the second rectangular block 4.

[0201] In order to insert the first acute angle α1 into the first groove bottom angle A, the side surface where the first right-angled side 101 adjacent to the first acute angle α1 is located is abutted against the bottom surface 002 of the dovetail groove, and the first acute angle α1 is inserted into the area where the first groove bottom angle A is located, so that the first acute angle α1 is connected to the first groove bottom angle A; the second rectangular block 4 is inserted so that the side surface where the third long side 401a of the second rectangular block 4 is connected to the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1, and at the same time, the side surface where the fourth short side 402b is located is abutted against the second inner side surface 001b, thereby realizing the measurement of the distance in the projection direction of the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1 and the second inner side surface 001b on the bottom surface 002 of the dovetail groove using the bottom surface width y4 of the second rectangular block 4.

[0202] S4 includes: taking the measurement of the first groove bottom angle A as an example, when the first groove bottom angle A takes the maximum value αmax, y4 is the minimum value ymin=52.87mm, and the bottom width on one side of the first groove bottom angle A is the minimum value, such as Figure 4b As shown: αmax=α0+β=62°; α0 is 60°, β is 2°;

[0203] When the first groove bottom angle A takes the minimum value αmin, y4 is the maximum value ymax=53.22mm, and the bottom width on one side of the first groove bottom angle A is the maximum value, such as Figure 4c As shown: αmin = 58°;

[0204] The actual measured value y4=53.65mm>ymax, so the first groove bottom angle A<αmin. The first groove bottom angle A is too small, and there is no margin for further processing. It cannot be processed again and the part is discarded.

[0205] Example 2

[0206] This embodiment discloses a dovetail groove rapid measurement tool, such as Figure 2a-4c As shown, it includes: a first rectangular parallelepiped block 3, a first right-angled triangular prism 1 and a second rectangular parallelepiped block 4;

[0207] The bottom height h3 of the first rectangular parallelepiped block 3 satisfies h3=the design depth h0 of the trapezoidal groove;

[0208] The first rectangular block 3 is provided with a first rectangular sub-block and a second rectangular sub-block having the same bottom height h3 and different bottom widths y3;

[0209] The bottom width y31 of the first rectangular sub-block satisfies: y31=a0+δa; the bottom width y32 of the second rectangular sub-block satisfies: y32=a0-δa; a0 is 55.00 mm, and δa is 0.50 mm.

[0210] The bottom surface of the first rectangular block 3 is provided with a group of relative edges: a first long side 301a, a second long side 301b and another group of relative edges, a first short side 302a, a second short side 302b. The lengths of the first long side 301a and the second long side 301b are defined as the bottom surface height h3 of the first rectangular block 3, and the lengths of the first short side 302a and the second short side 302b are defined as the bottom surface width y3 of the first rectangular block 3.

[0211] The bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism 1 is provided with a first acute angle α1, and α1=the design value of the groove bottom angle α0=45°, a0 is 55.00 mm, and δa is 0.50 mm;

[0212] The second cuboid block 4 can adaptively adjust the bottom width or the second cuboid block 4 is provided with a plurality of cuboid measurement sub-blocks with the same bottom height h4 and different bottom widths y4;

[0213] After the first acute angle α1 and / or the oblique side adjacent to the first acute angle α1 abut against one side of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove, one side surface of the second rectangular parallelepiped block 4 abuts against the right angle side opposite to the first acute angle α1, while the other opposite side surface abuts against the other side opposite to the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove.

[0214] A first right-angled side 101 and a first hypotenuse 103 are provided on both sides of the first acute angle α1, and a second right-angled side 102 is provided on the side opposite to the first acute angle α1;

[0215] The bottom surface of the second rectangular block 4 is provided with a set of opposite sides, namely the third long side 401a and the fourth long side 401b, and another set of opposite sides, namely the third short side 402a and the fourth short side 402b. The length of the third long side 401a and the fourth long side 401b is defined as the bottom surface height h4 of the second rectangular block 4.

[0216] The bottom height h1 of the first right-angled triangular prism 1 and the bottom height h4 of the second rectangular parallelepiped block 4 satisfy: h1 = h4 = h0 = 60.00 mm.

[0217] The first acute angle α1 is greater than the first groove bottom angle A. Figure 4c As shown:

[0218] The first acute angle α1 does not abut against the first groove bottom angle A, and the first oblique edge 103 abuts against the first inner side surface 001a.

[0219] The second rectangular block 4 is provided with a plurality of rectangular measuring sub-blocks with the same bottom height h4 and different bottom width y4. The width of each rectangular measuring sub-block satisfies: varying within the range of a0±δa1, wherein a0 is the design value of the opening width on the trapezoidal groove, δa1>0 is the width variation tolerance of the rectangular measuring sub-block, and the value of δa1 should meet the machining accuracy requirements, so that the y4 values ​​brought about by the changes in the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B are both within the range of a0±δa1, and vary uniformly within the range of a0±δa1 at fixed intervals, and the fixed interval is 500μm.

[0220] This embodiment discloses a dovetail groove rapid measurement method, using the above-mentioned measurement tool, including:

[0221] S1: Detect the depth of the dovetail groove and select qualified products based on the detection results of the dovetail groove depth;

[0222] S2: Based on the first rectangular block whose bottom width is larger than the designed width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove and the second rectangular block whose bottom width is smaller than the designed width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove, the opening width of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove with qualified groove depth is detected, and the products with qualified opening width of the trapezoidal groove are selected;

[0223] S3: Based on the first right-angled triangular prism and a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped measuring sub-blocks, the groove bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove is detected to select the dovetail groove with a qualified groove bottom angle, wherein the bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism is provided with an acute angle equal to the design value of the groove bottom angle, and the bottom surfaces of the plurality of rectangular parallelepiped measuring sub-blocks are of the same height and different bottom surface widths;

[0224] S4: Based on the detection results of the groove bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove, the dovetail grooves with unqualified groove bottom angles are classified and the dovetail grooves that can be processed again are screened out.

[0225] In S1, the depth detection of the dovetail groove is achieved by sampling and detecting the depth of different areas of the dovetail groove using a depth gauge.

[0226] The bottom height h3 of the first rectangular parallelepiped block 3 in S2 satisfies h3 = the design depth of the trapezoidal groove h0 = 60.00 mm;

[0227] The first rectangular block 3 is provided with a first rectangular sub-block and a second rectangular sub-block having the same bottom height h3 and different bottom widths y3;

[0228] The bottom width y31 of the first rectangular sub-block satisfies: y31=55.00+0.50 mm; the bottom width y32 of the second rectangular sub-block satisfies: y32=55.00 mm-0.50 mm.

[0229] The opening width of the trapezoidal groove is detected by using the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block: the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block are respectively inserted into the trapezoidal groove so that the bottom surfaces of the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block are parallel to the trapezoidal cross-section of the trapezoidal groove. When the trapezoidal groove to be detected satisfies: the first rectangular sub-block cannot be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove but the second rectangular sub-block can be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove, then the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove to be detected meets the requirement.

[0230] The first and second rectangular sub-blocks in the first rectangular block 3 are inserted into the trapezoidal groove from top to bottom through the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove, and the bottom surfaces of the first and second rectangular sub-blocks are always parallel to the trapezoidal cross-section of the trapezoidal groove; when the first rectangular sub-block cannot be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove, the lengths of the first short side 302a and the second short side 302b of the first rectangular sub-block, that is, the bottom width y31 of the first rectangular sub-block is greater than the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove; when the second rectangular sub-block can be smoothly inserted into the trapezoidal groove, the lengths of the first short side 302a and the second short side 302b of the second rectangular sub-block, that is, the bottom width y32 of the second rectangular sub-block is less than the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove; thereby, it can be ensured that the upper opening width a of the trapezoidal groove is between y31 and y32, and satisfies a=60±0.50mm.

[0231] In S3, taking the measurement of the first groove bottom angle A as an example, the side where the right-angled side adjacent to the first acute angle α1 is located is abutted against the bottom surface 002 of the dovetail groove; the first acute angle α1 is inserted into the area where the first groove bottom angle A is located, so that the first acute angle α1 is connected to the first groove bottom angle A, and / or the side where the hypotenuse adjacent to the first acute angle α1 is located is abutted against the first inner side surface 001a; the second rectangular block 4 is inserted so that one side of the second rectangular block 4 is connected to the side where the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1 is located, and at the same time, the other side of the second rectangular block 4 is abutted against the second inner side surface 001b, thereby realizing the measurement of the distance in the projection direction of the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1 and the second inner side surface 001b on the bottom surface 002 of the dovetail groove using the bottom surface width y4 of the second rectangular block 4.

[0232] In order to insert the first acute angle α1 into the first groove bottom angle A, the side surface where the first right-angled side 101 adjacent to the first acute angle α1 is located is abutted against the bottom surface 002 of the dovetail groove, and the first acute angle α1 is inserted into the area where the first groove bottom angle A is located, so that the first acute angle α1 is connected to the first groove bottom angle A; the second rectangular block 4 is inserted so that the side surface where the third long side 401a of the second rectangular block 4 is connected to the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1, and at the same time, the side surface where the fourth short side 402b is located is abutted against the second inner side surface 001b, thereby realizing the measurement of the distance in the projection direction of the right-angled side opposite to the first acute angle α1 and the second inner side surface 001b on the bottom surface 002 of the dovetail groove using the bottom surface width y4 of the second rectangular block 4.

[0233] S4 includes: taking the measurement of the first groove bottom angle A as an example, when the first groove bottom angle A takes the maximum value αmax, y4 is the minimum value ymin=54.44, and the bottom width on one side of the first groove bottom angle A is the minimum value, such as Figure 4b As shown: αmax=α0+β=46°; α0 is 45°, β is 1°;

[0234] When the first groove bottom angle A takes the minimum value αmin, y4 is the maximum value ymax=55.52mm, and the bottom width on one side of the first groove bottom angle A is the maximum value, such as Figure 4c As shown: αmin = 44°;

[0235] The actual measured value is y4=54.22<ymin, then the first groove bottom angle A>αmax, the first groove bottom angle A is too large, and the part with too large groove bottom angle contains allowance for further processing. The groove bottom angle of the dovetail groove, the inner side surface and bottom surface corresponding to the groove bottom angle can be further processed and inspected again.

[0236] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dovetail groove rapid measurement method, characterized in that: include: Detecting the opening width of the trapezoidal groove based on the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block, wherein the bottom width of the first rectangular sub-block is greater than the design width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove, and the bottom width of the first rectangular sub-block is less than the design width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove; The bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove is detected based on the first right-angled triangular prism and multiple rectangular measuring sub-blocks. The bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism is provided with an acute angle equal to the design value of the bottom angle of the groove. The bottom surface heights of the multiple rectangular measuring sub-blocks are the same, and the bottom surface widths are different.

2. The measuring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring method comprises: S1: Detect the depth of the dovetail groove and select qualified products based on the detection results of the dovetail groove depth; S2: Based on the first rectangular block whose bottom width is larger than the designed width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove and the second rectangular block whose bottom width is smaller than the designed width of the upper opening of the trapezoidal groove, the opening width of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove with qualified groove depth is detected, and the products with qualified opening width of the trapezoidal groove are selected; S3: Based on the first right-angled triangular prism and multiple rectangular measuring sub-blocks, the bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove is detected to screen out the dovetail grooves with qualified bottom angles. The bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism is provided with an acute angle equal to the design value of the bottom angle. The bottom surface heights of the multiple rectangular measuring sub-blocks are the same, and the bottom surface widths are different.

3. The measuring method according to claim 2, characterized in that S3 include: S301: Calculating the minimum value ymin and the maximum value ymax of the bottom width y4 of the second rectangular parallelepiped block based on the groove bottom angle design range; S302: Detecting the groove bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove based on a first right-angled triangular prism and a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped measuring sub-blocks, wherein the bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism is provided with an acute angle equal to the design value of the groove bottom angle, and the bottom surfaces of the plurality of rectangular parallelepiped measuring sub-blocks have the same height and different widths; S303: Compare the measured y4 with ymin and ymax to determine the groove bottom angle deviation, and select the dovetail groove with a qualified groove bottom angle.

4. The measuring method according to claim 3, characterized in that: S303 includes: The measured y4>ymax, then the angle of the bottom of the groove to be measured is <αmin, and the angle of the bottom of the groove to be measured is too small; The measured y4 is less than ymin, and the angle of the bottom of the groove to be measured is greater than αmax, which means that the angle of the bottom of the groove to be measured is too large; The measured y4 satisfies ymin≤y4≤ymax, then αmin≤the angle of the bottom of the groove to be measured≤αmax, and the angle of the bottom of the groove to be measured meets the design requirements.

5. The measuring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The measuring method further comprises: S4: Based on the detection results of the groove bottom angle of the trapezoidal groove, the dovetail grooves with unqualified groove bottom angles are classified and the dovetail grooves that can be processed again are screened out.

6. The measuring method according to claim 5, characterized in that S4 include: When the first groove bottom angle A and / or the second groove bottom angle B is less than αmin, at least one side of the groove bottom angle corresponds to y4>ymax, and the groove bottom angle has no margin for further processing, and the dovetail groove is treated as a discarded part; When the first groove bottom angle A and the second groove bottom angle B both satisfy ≥αmin, the corresponding y4 of each groove bottom angle all satisfies ≤ymax, and the dovetail groove is a qualified part or a part with a relatively large groove bottom angle. The part with a relatively large groove bottom angle has a margin for further processing, and the groove bottom angle of the dovetail groove, the inner side surface and the bottom surface corresponding to the groove bottom angle can continue to be processed.

7. The measuring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom height h1 of the first right-angled triangular prism in S3 satisfies: h1≤the design depth h0 of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove; the bottom height h4 of the second rectangular parallelepiped block satisfies: h4≥the design depth h0 of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove.

8. The measuring method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The height h1 of the bottom surface of the first right triangular prism and the height h4 of the bottom surface of the second rectangular parallelepiped block satisfy: h1=h4=h0.

9. The measuring method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom height h3 of the first rectangular block in S2 satisfies: h3 ≥ the design depth h0 of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove; The first rectangular block includes a first rectangular sub-block and a second rectangular sub-block, the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block have the same bottom height h3 and different bottom widths y3; The bottom width y31 of the first rectangular sub-block satisfies: y31≥a0+δa; the bottom width y32 of the second rectangular sub-block satisfies: y32≤a0-δa, wherein a0 is the design value of the opening width of the trapezoidal groove, and δa>0 is the opening width tolerance of the trapezoidal groove.

10. A dovetail groove rapid measurement tool, characterized in that: Used to implement the measurement method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: a first rectangular parallelepiped block, a first right-angled triangular prism, and a second rectangular parallelepiped block; The bottom height h3 of the first rectangular block satisfies: h3 ≥ the design depth h0 of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove; The first rectangular block includes a first rectangular sub-block and a second rectangular sub-block, the first rectangular sub-block and the second rectangular sub-block have the same bottom height h3 and different bottom widths y3; The bottom width y31 of the first rectangular sub-block satisfies: y31≥a0+δa; the bottom width y32 of the second rectangular sub-block satisfies: y32≤a0-δa, wherein a0 is the design value of the upper opening width of the trapezoidal groove, and δa>0 is the upper opening width tolerance of the trapezoidal groove; The bottom surface of the first right-angled triangular prism is provided with a first acute angle α1, and α1=the design value α0 of the groove bottom angle; The second rectangular block is provided with a plurality of rectangular measurement sub-blocks with the same bottom height and different bottom widths y4; The side where the first acute angle α1 and / or the hypotenuse adjacent to the first acute angle α1 is located abuts against one side of the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove, one side of the second rectangular block is abutted against the side where the right angle side opposite to the first acute angle α1 is located, and the other opposite side of the second rectangular block is abutted against the other side opposite to the trapezoidal groove of the dovetail groove.

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