Device for simulating influence of hydrostatic pressure on water body and sediment

Abstract

The invention discloses a simulation device for the influence of hydrostatic pressure on water and sediments, and particularly relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, the simulation device comprises a device base, a reaction barrel is fixed at the upper end of the device base, an inclined flange cover is fixed at the upper end of the reaction barrel, and a compression assembly is arranged at the upper end of the inclined flange cover; a material adding assembly is further arranged in the inner cavity of the reaction barrel, a water outlet is further fixed to the lower portion of the outer surface of the reaction barrel, and a pressure gauge and an observation window are arranged on the left side of the upper end of the inclined flange cover. According to the simulation device for the influence of the hydrostatic pressure on the water body and the sediments, the design that the compression assembly and the material adding assembly are matched is adopted, so that the device can inject materials into a mud sample during an experiment, the device can conveniently simulate different conditions, the applicability of the device during use is improved, and the experiment efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the impeller and the transmission gear are connected with each other, so that the pressure in the device is kept consistent, and the accuracy of experimental data is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of environmental engineering, and in particular to a device for simulating the influence of hydrostatic pressure on water bodies and sediments. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of inland ecosystems, lakes and reservoirs play an important role as "carbon sinks" in the global carbon cycle. According to the latest reports, some lakes in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have transformed from carbon sources to carbon sinks. Sediments are important places for carbon storage. It is particularly important to study the carbon cycle transformation process at the water-sediment interface.

[0003] Eutrophication of water bodies and algae outbreaks are one of the main water quality problems that need to be solved in my country's lakes and reservoirs. In recent years, the country has vigorously carried out exogenous pollution control and has achieved initial results. However, due to the lack of in-depth understanding of the release mechanism of endogenous pollution in sediments, the control of endogenous pollution release has become a bottleneck in improving the current eutrophication situation. The impact of endogenous pollution on water quality is becoming increasingly prominent. The most important process of material exchange and interaction between sediments and water bodies that causes endogenous pollution occurs at the water-sediment interface, which is the most important environmental boundary layer. Studying the impact of changes in environmental conditions on the migration and transformation of pollutants at this interface can provide a theoretical basis for the control of eutrophication of the water environment and the exploration of the carbon sink potential of sediments. It is of great significance to master the laws of water quality changes in lakes and reservoirs, increase ecological carbon sinks, improve water quality, and reduce the treatment load of water plants.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN205506616U discloses a culture device for simulating the effect of hydrostatic pressure change on the water-sediment interface, including a sealed cylinder, a cover plate is provided on the top of the cylinder, a pressurizing section and an exhaust nozzle are provided on the cover plate, a compression chamber is provided on the pressurizing section, the compression chamber and the exhaust nozzle are both connected to the inside of the cylinder, and the height of the exhaust nozzle is greater than the height of the pressurizing section. The utility model uses the sealed cylinder as a water culture dish, pressurizes the water in the cylinder by the pressurizing section, and the air in the cylinder is discharged through the exhaust nozzle, and the pressure of the water in the cylinder is continuously changed by controlling the pressurizing section to simulate the hydrostatic pressure change of the water-sediment interface of a deep lake reservoir, and is used to study the effect of hydrostatic pressure change on the water-sediment interface, especially for the study that only considers the effect of hydrostatic pressure change on surface sediments. The utility model has a simple structure, is easy to operate, has a small size, a single function, and is highly targeted.

[0005] However, in actual use, the device cannot collect the gas generated at the interface, and cannot inject materials into the mud sample. In addition to being unable to meet the needs of a more comprehensive assessment of the impact of environmental conditions on the interface, it cannot be accurately applied to the simulation research needs of sediment carbon source-sink transformation. The applicability of the device is relatively low. Summary of the invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for simulating the influence of hydrostatic pressure on water bodies and sediments, which can effectively solve the problems of relatively low applicability of the device and inability to collect the generated gas.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A simulation device for the influence of hydrostatic pressure on water bodies and sediments comprises a device base, a reaction barrel is fixed on the upper end of the device base, an inclined flange cover is fixed on the upper end of the reaction barrel, a compression assembly is arranged on the upper end of the inclined flange cover, a material adding assembly is also arranged in the inner cavity of the reaction barrel, a drain port is also fixed on the lower part of the outer surface of the reaction barrel, and a pressure gauge and an observation window are respectively arranged on the left side of the upper end of the inclined flange cover.

[0009] Preferably, a horizontal sealing plate is provided at the highest point of the inner cavity of the inclined flange cover, and a water inlet communicating with the interior of the reaction barrel is fixed to the upper end of the inclined flange cover.

[0010] Preferably, the compression assembly includes a compression tube connected to the interior of the reaction barrel, a piston is provided on the inner surface of the compression tube, a transmission rack is fixed to the upper end of the piston, a through hole is opened on the upper part of the outer surface of the compression tube, and a transmission gear meshing with the transmission rack is also provided on the inner surface of the compression tube.

[0011] Preferably, when the piston is at the highest point, the piston is located above the through hole.

[0012] Preferably, a one-way bearing is fixed to one end of the transmission gear rotating shaft, and a handle is fixed to the other end of the transmission gear. A sealing tube is fixed to the upper end of the inclined flange cover, and an impeller is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the sealing tube. The impeller is connected to the one-way bearing through a bevel gear set.

[0013] Preferably, the material adding assembly includes a mounting plate, a plurality of needle tubes are fixed to the lower end of the mounting plate, a screw is rotatably mounted on the top surface of the inner cavity of the inclined flange cover, and the screw is threadedly connected to the mounting plate, two limit rods slidably connected to the mounting plate are also fixed to the top surface of the inner cavity of the inclined flange cover, a nut fixedly connected to the screw is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the inclined flange cover, a connecting pipe is also connected between the mounting plate and the sealing tube, an aerator is also fixed to the outer surface of the reaction barrel, and the output end of the aerator is connected to the sealing tube.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting tube is communicated with the interiors of the plurality of needle tubes.

[0015] Preferably, when the impeller rotates, the transmission rack moves upward.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention adopts the design of inclined flange cover and sealing plate, which is convenient for the device to discharge the generated gas after the experiment, and at the same time uses the air bag to collect the gas, which can improve the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0018] 2. The present invention adopts a design in which a compression component and a material adding component cooperate with each other, so that the device can inject materials into the mud sample during the experiment, which is convenient for the device to simulate different conditions and increases the applicability of the device when used. At the same time, the interconnection between the impeller and the transmission gear is utilized so that the piston can move upward when injecting materials into the mud sample, thereby keeping the pressure in the device consistent, improving the accuracy of the experimental data and making the device more stable when used.

[0019] 3. The present invention adopts a threaded connection between the screw and the mounting plate, so that the needle tube can be inserted into different depths, so that the material can be evenly injected into the mud sample, thereby improving the accuracy of the experimental results and the applicability of multi-scenario simulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the inclined flange cover of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the compression assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of the device of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0026] Figure 7 A partial structural diagram of the device of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0028] In the figure: 1. device base; 2. compression assembly; 3. material dosing assembly; 11. reaction barrel; 12. inclined flange cover; 13. sealing plate; 14. water inlet; 15. drain outlet; 16. pressure gauge; 17. observation window; 21. compression tube; 22. piston; 23. transmission rack; 24. through hole; 25. transmission gear; 26. one-way bearing; 27. sealing tube; 28. impeller; 29. ​​bevel gear set; 31. mounting plate; 32. needle tube; 33. screw; 34. limit rod; 35. nut; 36. connecting pipe; 37. aerator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a simulation device for the influence of hydrostatic pressure on water bodies and sediments includes a device base 1, a reaction barrel 11 is fixed on the upper end of the device base 1, an inclined flange cover 12 is fixed on the upper end of the reaction barrel 11, the reaction barrel 11 and the inclined flange cover 12 are connected by bolts, the operator cleans the inside of the reaction barrel 11, and a rubber pad is also arranged between the reaction barrel 11 and the inclined flange cover 12, which can increase the sealing of the device during the experiment and improve the accuracy of the experimental data. At the same time, the detachable design of the inclined flange cover 12 can pour the mud sample required for the experiment into the reaction barrel 11, a compression component 2 is arranged on the upper end of the inclined flange cover 12, and a material adding component 3 is also arranged in the inner cavity of the reaction barrel 11.

[0032] In addition, a drain port 15 is fixed to the lower part of the outer surface of the reaction barrel 11, and the drain port 15 is used to drain the water after the experiment. A pressure gauge 16 and an observation window 17 are respectively arranged on the left side of the upper end of the inclined flange cover 12. The pressure gauge 16 and the observation window 17 are both existing technologies. The pressure gauge 16 is used to display the pressure during the reaction in the reaction barrel 11. The observation window 17 is made of high-pressure resistant glass to prevent the observation window 17 from breaking during the reaction of the device and affecting the normal operation of the device. The observation window 17 and the pressure gauge 16 cooperate with each other to facilitate the operator to check the amount of gas generated during the experiment in time.

[0033] Specifically, the drain outlet 15 needs to use a double valve (two single valves connected in series) when designing. Since the double valve plays an isolating role when in use, when the device needs to take out a water sample, if the drain outlet 15 uses a single valve, due to the pressure in the reaction barrel 11, all the water samples will be sprayed out. Therefore, two single valves connected in series are used. A buffer space can be formed between the two single valves, which will prevent a large amount of water sample from spraying out when taking out the water sample. At the same time, only a small amount of water sample is taken during sampling. Therefore, the use of two single valves in series can not cause drastic changes in the inside of the reaction barrel 11, allowing the reaction of the reaction barrel 11 to stably react.

[0034] In addition, if Figure 2 As shown, a horizontal sealing plate 13 is also provided at the highest point of the inner cavity of the inclined flange cover 12, so that the upper part of the inner cavity of the inclined flange cover 12 is flat, which is convenient for the device to discharge the generated gas after the experiment. A water inlet 14 connected to the interior of the reaction barrel 11 is also fixed at the upper end of the inclined flange cover 12. When the device is in use, the required water sample is injected into the reaction barrel 11 through the water inlet 14. At the same time, due to the design of the water inlet 14 passing through the sealing plate 13, the device can easily discharge the gas when in use (due to the inclined design of the inclined flange cover 12, if the sealing plate 13 is not provided, the compression tube 21 and the water inlet 14 need to be placed at the highest point of the inclined flange cover 12 to facilitate the discharge of air in the device base 1).

[0035] Furthermore, in order to enable the device to compress the water in the reaction barrel 11 when in use, thereby simulating different hydrostatic pressures, such as Figure 3 - Figure 8 As shown, the compression assembly 2 includes a compression tube 21 communicated with the interior of the reaction barrel 11. When designed, the bottom surface of the compression tube 21 can extend downward or be at the same horizontal plane as the ground of the sealing plate 13 (the figure only shows the design in which the bottom surface of the compression tube 21 extends downward). When the bottom surface of the compression tube 21 extends downward, the degree of compression in the reaction barrel 11 can be increased, thereby improving the applicability of the device when used. When the ground of the compression tube 21 is at the same horizontal plane as the bottom surface of the inclined flange cover 12, it is convenient for the device to discharge unnecessary air in the reaction barrel 11 when in use.

[0036] In addition, a piston 22 is provided on the inner surface of the compression tube 21, and a transmission rack 23 is fixed to the upper end of the piston 22. When the piston 22 moves downward, pressure can be applied to the reaction barrel 11, thereby simulating different hydrostatic pressures. A through hole 24 is provided on the upper portion of the outer surface of the compression tube 21, and when the piston 22 is at the highest point, the piston 22 is located above the through hole 24. The through hole 24 is located above the inclined flange cover 12, so that after the base 1 of the device is filled with water, it can overflow from the through hole 24. Since the density of water is greater than the density of air, when water overflows from the through hole 24, there is no air in the reaction barrel 11, thereby preventing air from remaining in the reaction barrel 11 during the experiment, thereby affecting the experimental accuracy of the device.

[0037] At the same time, when the piston 22 is located below the through hole 24 and continues to move downward, it can increase the pressure in the reaction barrel 11, thereby simulating the changes in water bodies and sediments caused by different hydrostatic pressures. The inner surface of the compression tube 21 is also provided with a transmission gear 25 meshing with the transmission rack 23. The transmission gear 25 is meshed with the transmission rack 23 so that the piston 22 can move up and down when the transmission gear 25 rotates. At the same time, due to the pressure characteristics in the reaction barrel 11, the transmission gear 25 needs to be fixed to prevent the piston 22 from moving upward when pressure is generated in the reaction barrel 11, thereby affecting the normal use of the device.

[0038] In addition, a one-way bearing 26 is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft of the transmission gear 25, and a handle is fixed to the other end of the transmission gear 25. When the device is in use, the transmission gear 25 can be driven to rotate by turning the handle, so that the piston 22 moves downward. A sealing tube 27 is fixed to the upper end of the inclined flange cover 12, and an impeller 28 is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the sealing tube 27. The impeller 28 is connected to the one-way bearing 26 through a bevel gear set 29. Due to the characteristics of the one-way bearing 26, the impeller 28 can drive the transmission gear 25 to rotate when it rotates, so that the transmission rack 23 can move upward. When the transmission rack 23 rotates downward, it cannot drive the impeller 28 to rotate.

[0039] The specific implementation of this embodiment is as follows: when the device is in use, the inclined flange cover 12 is first opened, and the mud sample and water sample required for the experiment are poured into the reaction barrel 11, and the reaction barrel 11 and the inclined flange cover 12 are fixedly connected by tightening the bolts, and then the water sample is filled into the reaction barrel 11 through the water inlet 14. When the water sample in the reaction barrel 11 and the inclined flange cover 12 is full, the water will overflow from the through hole 24, so that the air in the reaction barrel 11 and the inclined flange cover 12 can be discharged, thereby improving the accuracy of the experimental results of the device;

[0040] At the same time, when the device needs to adjust the pressure in the reaction barrel 11 during use, it is only necessary to rotate the transmission gear 25 first. The transmission gear 25 can drive the transmission rack 23 to move downward by meshing with the transmission rack 23, and further move the piston 22 downward. When the piston 22 moves downward, it can compress the water in the reaction barrel 11 and the inclined flange cover 12, thereby simulating different hydrostatic pressures. Then, the pressure of the water in the reaction barrel 11 and the inclined flange cover 12 is observed through the pressure gauge 16. When the appropriate pressure is reached, the transmission gear 25 can be fixed.

[0041] When the experiment is completed, first connect the water inlet 14 to the air bag and the air tank, and then open the water inlet 14 to discharge the gas in the reaction barrel 11 and the inclined flange cover 12 into the air bag and the air tank (because the pressure in the reaction barrel 11 and the inclined flange cover 12 is relatively high when the device is in use, and because the gas will be above the liquid, the gas can be discharged into the air bag or the air tank when the water inlet 14 is opened). When the gas is discharged, the operator can judge whether the gas in the device is completely discharged into the air bag or the air tank by observing the pressure gauge 16 and the observation window 17 to prevent the liquid from entering the air bag or the air tank, thereby making the device sampling more accurate, and then the liquid in the device can be discharged by opening the drain port 15.

[0042] Embodiment 2

[0043] This embodiment further improves the material adding component 3 on the basis of the first embodiment, so that the device can add materials into the mud sample when in use.

[0044] like Figure 3 - Figure 8 As shown, the material adding assembly 3 includes a mounting plate 31, wherein a plurality of through grooves are provided at the upper end of the mounting plate 31, and the through grooves can facilitate the communication between the water above the mounting plate 31 and the water below when the device is in use; a plurality of needle tubes 32 are fixed to the lower end of the mounting plate 31, and the plurality of needle tubes 32 can be inserted into the mud sample when in use, and then the material is injected into the mud sample through the aerator 37, so that the material can be evenly injected into the mud sample, thereby improving the accuracy of the experiment; a screw rod 33 is rotatably installed on the top surface of the inner cavity of the inclined flange cover 12, and the screw rod 33 is threadedly connected to the mounting plate 31; two limit rods 34 slidably connected to the mounting plate 31 are also fixed to the top surface of the inner cavity of the inclined flange cover 12, and a nut 35 fixedly connected to the screw 33 is rotatably installed on the upper end of the inclined flange cover 12.

[0045] Among them, the two limit rods 34 are used to limit the mounting disk 31, so that the nut 35 can drive the screw 33 to rotate when it rotates. The screw 33 is connected to the mounting disk 31 through a thread, so that the screw 33 can move the mounting disk 31 upward or downward when it rotates. A connecting tube 36 is also connected between the mounting disk 31 and the sealing tube 27, and the connecting tube 36 is communicated with the interior of multiple needle tubes 32, so that the device can transmit bubbles to the needle tubes 32 when in use, and further inject the required materials into the mud sample. An aerator 37 is also fixed to the outer surface of the reaction barrel 11, and the output end of the aerator 37 is connected to the sealing tube 27.

[0046] When the impeller 28 rotates, the transmission rack 23 moves upward, so that when the aerator 37 injects bubbles into the needle tube 32, the impeller 28 can rotate. When the impeller 28 rotates, it drives the transmission gear 25 to rotate through the bevel gear set 29, so that the piston 22 moves upward (because the pressure in the reaction barrel 11 and the inclined flange cover 12 will increase after the aerator 37 injects material into the mud sample, it is necessary to move the piston 22 upward so that the pressure in the reaction barrel 11 and the inclined flange cover 12 does not change, making the device more stable when used), and then the material enters the needle tube 32 through the connecting tube 36 and is further injected into the mud sample.

[0047] The specific implementation of this embodiment is as follows: when the device is in use, the aerator 37 is turned on to inject material into the mud sample. The gas generated by the aerator 37 when it is working can drive the impeller 28 to rotate through the pipeline, and then enter the mud sample through the connecting pipe 36. When the device adds material to different depths of the mud sample, it only needs to rotate the nut 35. The nut 35 can drive the screw 33 to rotate by being fixedly connected with the screw 33. The screw 33 is connected to the mounting plate 31 through a thread, so that when the screw 33 rotates, the mounting plate 31 can move upward or downward, thereby achieving the purpose of inserting different depths, and the material can be evenly injected into the mud sample, which improves the accuracy of the experimental results.

[0048] At the same time, when the impeller 28 rotates, the transmission gear 25 is driven to rotate through the bevel gear set 29. When the transmission gear 25 rotates, it meshes with the transmission rack 23, so that the piston 22 moves upward, so that the pressure in the reaction barrel 11 and the inclined flange cover 12 does not change, making the device more stable when used.

[0049] It should be noted that the specific installation method, circuit connection method and control method of the pressure gauge 16, observation window 17, one-way bearing 26 and aerator 37 in the present invention are all conventional designs and are not elaborated in detail in the present invention.

[0050] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the effect of hydrostatic pressure on water and sediment, comprising a device base (1), characterized in that: A reaction barrel (11) is fixed to the upper end of the device base (1), an inclined flange cover (12) is fixed to the upper end of the reaction barrel (11), a compression assembly (2) is arranged at the upper end of the inclined flange cover (12), a material dosing assembly (3) is also arranged in the inner cavity of the reaction barrel (11), a drainage port (15) is also fixed to the lower part of the outer surface of the reaction barrel (11), and a pressure gauge (16) and an observation window (17) are respectively arranged on the left side of the upper end of the inclined flange cover (12).

2. The device for simulating the effect of hydrostatic pressure on water bodies and sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontal sealing plate (13) is also provided at the highest point of the inner cavity of the inclined flange cover (12), and a water inlet (14) communicating with the interior of the reaction barrel (11) is also fixed at the upper end of the inclined flange cover (12).

3. The device for simulating the effect of hydrostatic pressure on water bodies and sediments according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression assembly (2) comprises a compression tube (21) which is in communication with the interior of the reaction barrel (11); a piston (22) is arranged on the inner surface of the compression tube (21); a transmission rack (23) is fixed to the upper end of the piston (22); a through hole (24) is provided on the upper portion of the outer surface of the compression tube (21); and a transmission gear (25) which meshes with the transmission rack (23) is also arranged on the inner surface of the compression tube (21).

4. The device for simulating the effect of hydrostatic pressure on water bodies and sediments according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the piston (22) is at the highest position, the piston (22) is located above the through hole (24).

5. The device for simulating the effect of hydrostatic pressure on water bodies and sediments according to claim 3, characterized in that: A one-way bearing (26) is fixed to one end of the rotating shaft of the transmission gear (25), and a handle is fixed to the other end of the transmission gear (25). A sealing tube (27) is fixed to the upper end of the inclined flange cover (12), and an impeller (28) is rotatably mounted in the inner cavity of the sealing tube (27). The impeller (28) is connected to the one-way bearing (26) via a bevel gear set (29).

6. The device for simulating the effect of hydrostatic pressure on water bodies and sediments according to claim 5, characterized in that: The material dosing assembly (3) comprises a mounting plate (31), a plurality of needle tubes (32) are fixed at the lower end of the mounting plate (31), a screw rod (33) is rotatably mounted on the top surface of the inner cavity of the inclined flange cover (12), and the screw rod (33) is threadedly connected to the mounting plate (31), two limit rods (34) slidably connected to the mounting plate (31) are also fixed on the top surface of the inner cavity of the inclined flange cover (12), a nut (35) fixedly connected to the screw rod (33) is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the inclined flange cover (12), a connecting pipe (36) is further connected between the mounting plate (31) and the sealing pipe (27), and an aerator (37) is further fixed on the outer surface of the reaction barrel (11), and the output end of the aerator (37) is connected to the sealing pipe (27).

7. The device for simulating the effect of hydrostatic pressure on water bodies and sediments according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting tube (36) is in communication with the interiors of the plurality of needle tubes (32).

8. The device for simulating the effect of hydrostatic pressure on water bodies and sediments according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the impeller (28) rotates, the transmission rack (23) moves upward.

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