Power line construction stress monitoring and early warning method and device and construction monitoring platform

Abstract

The invention provides a power line construction stress monitoring and early warning method and device and a construction monitoring platform, and relates to the technical field of power equipment. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a construction stress model and a paying-off tackle state model based on an overhead transmission line construction scene; construction parameters of the overhead transmission line are obtained and sent to the construction stress model, and the horizontal tension and the traction tension of the overhead line at the traction plate are obtained; overhead transmission line construction parameters are sent to the paying-off tackle state model, and the load borne by a paying-off tackle, the envelope angle of a traction rope and the deflection angle of the paying-off tackle are obtained; executing data analysis on the two groups of construction monitoring data; if the two groups of construction monitoring data are all in a preset early warning interval, considering that the construction process is normal; and if one or more pieces of monitoring data in the two groups of construction monitoring data exceed the preset early warning interval, considering that the construction process is abnormal, and sending out a construction abnormal early warning signal. According to the invention, the operation condition of the power transmission line can be analyzed more comprehensively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric power equipment, and in particular to a method and device for monitoring and early warning of stress on power line construction, and a construction monitoring platform. Background Art

[0002] Power lines are conductor networks that connect substations to power users or equipment, and are responsible for transmitting and distributing power from the power source to the load. Power lines can be divided into high voltage and low voltage categories according to voltage levels, where high voltage lines are 1kV and above, and low voltage lines are below 1kV. In addition, lines from 1kV to 35kV are usually called medium voltage lines, while lines from 35kV to 220kV are high voltage lines, and lines above 220kV are considered ultra-high voltage lines.

[0003] The main cause of power line damage in winter is the icing of wires, which may cause the wires to break due to excessive external force. Since the force of the transmission line is difficult to observe in real time, once the line breaks, it will cause a large-scale power outage, causing serious impact on production and life. Therefore, how to effectively monitor, warn and buffer the situation of wires when they are subjected to excessive external force to prevent them from breaking has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: To propose a method, device and construction monitoring platform for monitoring and warning of stress in power line construction, so as to solve the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for monitoring and warning the stress of power line construction, the steps of which are as follows:

[0006] Construct construction force model and wire-laying pulley state model based on overhead transmission line construction scenario;

[0007] Acquire construction parameters of the overhead transmission line, and input the construction parameters of the overhead transmission line into the construction force model to obtain a first set of construction monitoring data; the first set of construction monitoring data includes horizontal tension and pulling tension of the overhead line at the traction plate;

[0008] The construction parameters of the overhead transmission line are sent into the state model of the wire-laying pulley to obtain a second set of construction monitoring data; the second set of construction monitoring data includes the load on the wire-laying pulley, the envelope angle of the traction rope and the deflection angle of the wire-laying pulley;

[0009] Perform data analysis on two sets of construction monitoring data:

[0010] If both sets of construction monitoring data are within the preset warning range, the construction process is considered normal;

[0011] If one or more monitoring data in the two sets of construction monitoring data exceeds the preset warning range, it is considered that there is an abnormality in the construction process and a construction abnormality warning signal is issued.

[0012] In a further embodiment of the first aspect, the overhead transmission line construction scene includes a conductor reel, from which the conductor is led out and introduced into a traction plate after a predetermined tension is applied by a tension machine. The traction plate pulls the conductor to a wire-paying pulley, and the wire-paying pulley pulls the conductor to the traction machine via a traction rope.

[0013] In a further embodiment of the first aspect, the construction force model includes a line-laying sag calculation model, a horizontal tension calculation model, and a pulling force calculation model.

[0014] The line sag calculation model is used to express the sag f and the line length L of any point coordinate P (x, y) on the transmission line;

[0015] The curve equation of the coordinates P(x,y) of any point on the transmission line is as follows:

[0016]

[0017] The calculation formula for the sag f of any point coordinate P (x, y) on the transmission line is as follows:

[0018]

[0019] Maximum sag at the center of the span f max The calculation formula is as follows:

[0020]

[0021] The calculation formula of the pay-off line length L is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] Where w is the unit weight of the conductor; β is the height difference angle at coordinate P; H is the horizontal tension of the overhead line; and l is the span.

[0024] The horizontal tension calculation model is used to express the horizontal tension H of the overhead line in the control gear when an obstacle appears in the wire laying gear. i :

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, h A h is the height of the left hanging point of the pay-off gear relative to the positioning elevation; 地 It is the relative height of the left side positioning elevation of the object being crossed during the line laying; S is the distance maintained by the line from the top of the object being crossed.

[0027] The tension calculation model is based on the horizontal tension H of the overhead line in the control gear. i , determine the tension mechanism tension The expression is as follows:

[0028]

[0029] In the formula, β i represents the height difference angle of the i-th gear; w is the unit weight of the conductor; l i is the gear distance of the i-th gear; F 右i Indicates the horizontal sag of the wire pulling side at gear i; ε * Indicates the friction coefficient between the overhead wire and the pulley at the first gear; h i represents the height difference of the i-th gear;

[0030] On both sides of the tower laying pulley, the total axial tension of m sub-conductors on the tensioning side is T i and the total axial tension T of the traction side sub-conductor i ′ They are:

[0031] T i =T i-1 ′ +wh i =mε i-1 T T +mw(ε i-1 h1+ε i-2 h2+…+h i )

[0032] T i ′ =εT i =mε i T T +mw(ε i h1+ε i-1 h2+…+εh i )

[0033] Axial tension of the traction rope on both sides of the tower, T n and the axial tension T of the traction rope on the traction side n ′ They are:

[0034] T n =T n-1 +w0h n

[0035] T n ′ =T n-1 ′ +w0h n

[0036] Where, Tn-1 T represents the axial tension of the traction rope at the n-1th node on the tensioning side; n-1 ′ represents the axial tension of the traction rope at the n-1th node on the traction side; h n represents the height difference at the nth node; w0 is the initial mass of the wire.

[0037] In a further embodiment of the first aspect, the process of constructing the state model of the wire-laying block includes:

[0038] The tension machine, traction machine, and wire-laying pulley are used as nodes of the wire-laying system, and the traction plate is a mobile node; there are n+1 nodes in total, of which n-1 are wire-laying pulleys;

[0039] The relative height difference between nodes is h i :

[0040]

[0041] The relative span is L i ;

[0042]

[0043] In the formula, S i H is the length of the conductor / traction rope in the i-th gear; i V is the horizontal tension of the conductor / traction rope in the i-th gear; i , are the vertical forces of the conductor / traction rope at the starting point and the end point in the i-th gear, respectively, where q is the unit weight of the conductor / traction rope; EA is the product of the cross-sectional area and the elastic modulus;

[0044] With the top of the pay-off pulley as the center O, a coordinate system OXYZ is established, in which the positive direction of the Z axis is vertically upward, the X axis is the horizontal direction of the tension side, the plane Ω1 is the plane where the tension side wire is located, the plane Ω2 is the plane where the traction side wire is located, and the angle between Ω1 and Ω2 is β.

[0045] A second aspect of the present invention provides a power line construction stress monitoring and early warning device, the early warning device comprising a conductor tension monitoring device and an integrated monitoring device;

[0046] The conductor tension monitoring device comprises a pulley A with grooves, a pulley B and a pulley C, wherein the groove shape is adapted to the conductor so that the conductor is clamped on the pulleys; the pulley A, the pulley B and the pulley C form a triangle; wherein the pulley A and the pulley B are located on the upper part of the conductor, and the pulley C is located on the lower part of the conductor;

[0047] A measuring pulley is provided between pulley A and pulley B. When the wire passes through, the measuring pulley is driven to rotate. The photoelectric encoder is connected to the inner side of the measuring pulley. Through the rotation of the pulley, the photoelectric encoder generates a pulse signal, records the rotation angle and frequency of the pulley, and thus calculates the force on the wire.

[0048] The integrated monitoring device is used to monitor the real-time posture deviation and displacement change of the wire-laying pulley and the traction plate during the construction of the transmission line, and can execute the power line construction force monitoring and early warning method as described in the first aspect.

[0049] In a further embodiment of the second aspect, pulley C and the measuring pulley are provided with a telescopic device; the bottom of pulley C is connected to a metal rod, and the metal rod applies an upward thrust through a spring to ensure that pulley C is in close contact with the wire; a spring is connected to the inner side of the measuring pulley to provide elastic force.

[0050] In a further embodiment of the second aspect, a construction force model and a wire-laying pulley state model are provided in the integrated monitoring device; the integrated monitoring device also includes a first data acquisition unit, a second data acquisition unit, and a data analysis unit.

[0051] The first data acquisition unit is used to acquire the construction parameters of the overhead transmission line, and send the construction parameters of the overhead transmission line into the construction force model to obtain a first set of construction monitoring data; the first set of construction monitoring data includes the horizontal tension and the pulling force of the overhead line at the traction plate;

[0052] The second data acquisition unit is used to send the construction parameters of the overhead transmission line into the state model of the wire-laying pulley to obtain a second set of construction monitoring data; the second set of construction monitoring data includes the load on the wire-laying pulley, the envelope angle of the traction rope and the deflection angle of the wire-laying pulley;

[0053] The data analysis unit is used to perform data analysis on two sets of construction monitoring data:

[0054] If both sets of construction monitoring data are within the preset warning range, the construction process is considered normal;

[0055] If one or more monitoring data in the two sets of construction monitoring data exceeds the preset warning range, it is considered that there is an abnormality in the construction process and a construction abnormality warning signal is issued.

[0056] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a power line construction monitoring platform is proposed, which is connected to the above-mentioned power line construction stress monitoring and early warning device; the power line construction monitoring platform also includes a view component, which displays the real-time stress parameters during the power line construction process in the form of a visual chart.

[0057] The view component is divided into three interfaces: video monitoring system, safety system and visualization system. The video monitoring system is used to monitor and record the situation on site in real time. The camera module captures the operating status, environmental conditions and possible abnormal conditions of the on-site equipment to provide visual support for the application process; the safety system sets up functions such as safety alarms and emergency buttons, and monitors the safety status of the test site in real time, which helps to timely discover and respond to potential safety risks; the visualization system visualizes and analyzes the test data, helping technicians to understand the test results more carefully and conduct further data processing and analysis.

[0058] Beneficial effects: The present invention utilizes high-precision sensing devices and Internet of Things technology to effectively monitor and analyze the stress conditions of the monitoring points of the transmission line, and can more comprehensively analyze the operating conditions of the transmission line, thereby ensuring the safety of the line to the greatest extent and reducing the possibility of failures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of components of an overhead power transmission line construction system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of establishing a coordinate system with the top of the line-laying block as the center.

[0061] Figure 3 So Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the tangential tension vector acting on the wire-paying pulley with the coordinate system as the reference.

[0062] Figure 4 It is a flow chart of a method for monitoring and early warning of stress on power line construction in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a power line construction stress monitoring and early warning device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 6 In the embodiment of the present invention DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] In the following description, a large number of specific details are provided to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented without one or more of these details. In other examples, in order to avoid confusion with the present invention, some technical features known in the art are not described.

[0066] Embodiment 1:

[0067] The main cause of power line damage in winter is the icing of wires, which may cause the wires to break due to excessive external force. Since the force of the transmission line is difficult to observe in real time, once the line breaks, it will cause a large-scale power outage, causing serious impact on production and life. Therefore, how to effectively monitor, warn and buffer the situation of wires when they are subjected to excessive external force to prevent them from breaking has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0068] Before elaborating on the construction stress monitoring and early warning method, the components of the overhead transmission line construction system are introduced. The overhead transmission line construction system consists of multiple key components, which work together to ensure that the conductor can be safely and smoothly erected. The construction system mainly consists of a traction machine 7, a tension machine 2, a traction rope 6, a conductor 3, a traction plate 4, and a wire-laying pulley 5 (suspended below the cross arm of the tower). Figure 1 The main tension wire-laying operation process includes the deployment of the guide rope, the traction rope 6, the conductor 3 and the setting of the anchor line.

[0069] Based on the components of the overhead power transmission line construction system described above, the steps of the power line construction stress monitoring and early warning method disclosed in this embodiment are as follows:

[0070] Step 1: Build a construction force model and a wire-laying pulley state model based on the overhead transmission line construction scenario.

[0071] The construction force model consists of three parts: the line-laying sag calculation model, the horizontal tension calculation model, and the pulling force calculation model.

[0072] 1.1. Sag calculation model: used to express the sag f and line length L of any point coordinate P (x, y) on the transmission line;

[0073] The curve equation of the coordinates P(x,y) of any point on the transmission line is as follows:

[0074]

[0075] The calculation formula for the sag f of any point coordinate P (x, y) on the transmission line is as follows:

[0076]

[0077] Maximum sag at the center of the span f max The calculation formula is as follows:

[0078]

[0079] The calculation formula of the pay-off line length L is as follows:

[0080]

[0081] Where w is the unit weight of the conductor; β is the height difference angle at coordinate P; H is the horizontal tension of the overhead line; and l is the span.

[0082] 1.2. Horizontal tension calculation model: used to express the horizontal tension H of the overhead line in the control range when an obstacle appears in the laying range i :

[0083]

[0084] In the formula, h A h is the height of the left hanging point of the pay-off gear relative to the positioning elevation; 地 It is the relative height of the left side positioning elevation of the object being crossed during the line laying; S is the distance maintained by the line from the top of the object being crossed.

[0085] 1.3. Tension calculation model: The horizontal tension H of the overhead line in the control gear i , determine the tension mechanism tension The expression is as follows:

[0086]

[0087] In the formula, β i represents the height difference angle of the i-th gear; w is the unit weight of the conductor; l i is the gear distance of the i-th gear; F 右i Indicates the horizontal sag of the wire pulling side at gear i; ε * Indicates the friction coefficient between the overhead wire and the pulley at the first gear; h i represents the height difference of the i-th gear;

[0088] On both sides of the tower laying pulley, the total axial tension of m sub-conductors on the tensioning side is T i and the total axial tension T of the traction side sub-conductor i ′ They are:

[0089] T i =T i-1 ′ +wh i =mε i-1 T T +mw(ε i-1 h1+ε i-2 h2+…+h i )

[0090] T i ′ =εT i =mε i T T +mw(ε i h1+ε i-1 h2+…+εh i)

[0091] Axial tension of the traction rope on both sides of the tower, T n and the axial tension T of the traction rope on the traction side n ′ They are:

[0092] T n =T n-1 +w0h n

[0093] T n ′ =T n-1 ′ +w0h n

[0094] Where, T n-1 T represents the axial tension of the traction rope at the n-1th node on the tensioning side; n-1 ′ represents the axial tension of the traction rope at the n-1th node on the traction side; h n represents the height difference at the nth node; w0 is the initial mass of the wire.

[0095] The construction process of the wire-laying block state model is as follows:

[0096] The tension machine, traction machine, and wire-laying pulley are used as nodes of the wire-laying system, and the traction plate is a mobile node; there are n+1 nodes in total, of which n-1 are wire-laying pulleys;

[0097] The relative height difference between nodes is h i :

[0098]

[0099] The relative span is L i ;

[0100]

[0101] In the formula, S i H is the length of the conductor / traction rope in the i-th gear; i V is the horizontal tension of the conductor / traction rope in the i-th gear; i , are the vertical forces of the conductor / traction rope at the starting point and the end point in the i-th gear, respectively, where q is the unit weight of the conductor / traction rope; EA is the product of the cross-sectional area and the elastic modulus;

[0102] With the top of the pay-off block as the center O, establish the coordinate system OXYZ, such as Figure 2As shown in the figure. The positive direction of the Z axis is vertically upward, the X axis is the horizontal direction of the tension side, the plane Ω1 is the plane where the tension side wire is located, the plane Ω2 is the plane where the traction side wire is located, and the angle between Ω1 and Ω2 is β. The tangential tension vector acting on the pay-off pulley is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 (a) is in plane Ω1, and (b) is in plane Ω2.

[0103] Step 2: Obtain construction parameters of the overhead transmission line, and input the construction parameters of the overhead transmission line into the construction force model to obtain a first set of construction monitoring data; the first set of construction monitoring data includes horizontal tension and pulling tension of the overhead line at the traction plate.

[0104] Step three, input the overhead transmission line construction parameters into the wire-laying pulley state model to obtain a second set of construction monitoring data; the second set of construction monitoring data includes the load on the wire-laying pulley, the envelope angle of the traction rope and the deflection angle of the wire-laying pulley.

[0105] Step 4: Perform data analysis on the two sets of construction monitoring data: If both sets of construction monitoring data are within the preset warning range, the construction process is considered normal; if one or more monitoring data in the two sets of construction monitoring data exceeds the preset warning range, the construction process is considered abnormal and a construction abnormality warning signal is issued.

[0106] Calculate each result according to the above method based on the construction data of the layout, and compare it with the monitoring data. According to the analysis of the factors affecting the layout construction and the measurement requirements, when the difference between the monitoring value and the calculated value is small (here the difference is considered to be no more than 8%), the construction process is considered normal; when the difference between the monitoring value and the calculated value is large (here the difference is considered to be more than 8%), it is considered that there is an abnormality in the construction process, and timely measures such as suspending construction are taken to adjust and restore. The specific process is as follows Figure 4 shown.

[0107] Embodiment 2:

[0108] In order to achieve accurate measurement of conductor stress and complete data transmission after measurement, the force measurement unit and data communication structure should be reasonably designed in combination with the actual working conditions of the line construction and the characteristics of the conductor deployment. This embodiment provides a power line construction stress monitoring and early warning device 200, which consists of a conductor tension monitoring device and an integrated monitoring device.

[0109] 1) Wire tension monitoring device

[0110] like Figure 5As shown, the main structure of the force measuring unit consists of 6 metal pulleys and their supporting parts. Among them, pulley A, pulley B, and pulley C are designed with grooves to clamp the wires, ensuring that the wires run stably on the pulleys to avoid slipping. The shape and size of the grooves are designed according to the specifications of the wires to ensure that the wires are clamped on the pulleys; the measuring pulley 201 is located at a key position of the pulley system, and when the wire passes through, it drives the measuring pulley to rotate. The photoelectric encoder is connected to the inner side of the measuring pulley. Through the rotation of the pulley, the photoelectric encoder generates a pulse signal, records the rotation angle and frequency of the pulley, and thus calculates the force on the wire.

[0111] In addition, in order to avoid slipping or jamming between the pulley and the wire, it is necessary to design a telescopic device for the pulley C and the measuring pulley 201. The bottom of the pulley C is connected to the metal rod 202, and a pull ring 203 is connected to the lower part of the metal rod 202. The metal rod 202 applies an upward thrust through a spring to ensure that the pulley C is in close contact with the wire. At the same time, a small elastic spring is connected to the inner side of the measuring pulley 201 to provide elastic force to avoid slipping or jamming between the pulley C and the wire. Under the action of elastic force, the pulley C and the measuring pulley 201 can not only ensure close contact with the wire, but also prevent jamming due to excessive force, thereby achieving accurate measurement of the force on the wire.

[0112] 2) Integrated monitoring device

[0113] In order to monitor the real-time posture deviation and displacement change of the laying pulley and the traction plate during the construction of the transmission line, the distributed bonding sensor is selected by comprehensively considering the performance indicators such as the range size, sensor volume, non-contact measurement method, price, etc. The integrated monitoring device is powered by a lithium battery, uses IP5306 to realize multi-functional power management, supports power display, automatically enters standby to reduce power consumption, has output (input) transition, overvoltage, short circuit, over-discharge protection and whole machine over-temperature protection, and supports charging and discharging at the same time. STM32F103VET6 is used as the overall control unit of the device. The six-axis sensor MPU6050 is used to monitor the real-time operation posture of the equipment. BMP280 is used to collect the temperature, humidity and air pressure data of the on-site construction environment. Its stable operating temperature range is -40~85℃ and the pressure range is 300~1100hPa, which meets the needs of complex construction environments.

[0114] Embodiment 3:

[0115] like Figure 6As shown, this embodiment proposes a power line construction monitoring platform, which is connected to the power line construction stress monitoring and early warning device disclosed in the above embodiment. The power line construction monitoring platform is generally divided into three interfaces: a video monitoring system, a safety system and a visualization system. The video monitoring system is used to monitor and record the conditions of the test site in real time. The camera module captures the operating status, environmental conditions and possible abnormal conditions of the test equipment to provide visual support for the application process; the safety system sets up safety alarms, emergency buttons and other functions, and monitors the safety status of the test site in real time, which helps to timely discover and respond to potential safety risks; the visualization system visualizes and analyzes the test data to help technicians understand the test results more carefully.

[0116] The power line construction monitoring platform collects and analyzes data in real time by monitoring various sensors, equipment, and system status. Once any abnormal situation or potential safety risk is detected, the system will immediately issue an early warning notification. The software sets up equipment failure alarms to monitor the operating status of the equipment. If equipment failure or abnormality is found, the system will immediately issue an alarm for timely processing and repair; the system sets up safety hazard reminders. When potential safety hazards are detected, such as improper equipment laying, unsafe working environment, etc., the system will promptly remind on-site personnel to pay attention and take necessary measures. Through the early warning information displayed by the safety system, users can promptly understand potential safety risks and problems and take necessary measures to ensure safe production on the construction site. This real-time monitoring and early warning function effectively improves the level of construction site safety management and provides users with reliable protection and support.

[0117] As described above, although the present invention has been shown and described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it should not be construed as limiting the present invention itself. Various changes may be made to it in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring and early warning of stress in power line construction, characterized in that: The steps include: Construct construction force model and wire-laying pulley state model based on overhead transmission line construction scenario; Acquire construction parameters of the overhead transmission line, and input the construction parameters of the overhead transmission line into the construction force model to obtain a first set of construction monitoring data; the first set of construction monitoring data includes horizontal tension and pulling tension of the overhead line at the traction plate; The construction parameters of the overhead transmission line are sent into the state model of the wire-laying pulley to obtain a second set of construction monitoring data; the second set of construction monitoring data includes the load on the wire-laying pulley, the envelope angle of the traction rope and the deflection angle of the wire-laying pulley; Perform data analysis on two sets of construction monitoring data: If both sets of construction monitoring data are within the preset warning range, the construction process is considered normal; If one or more monitoring data in the two sets of construction monitoring data exceeds the preset warning range, it is considered that there is an abnormality in the construction process and a construction abnormality warning signal is issued.

2. The power line construction stress monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The overhead transmission line construction scene includes a conductor reel, from which a conductor is led out and introduced into a traction plate after a predetermined tension is applied by a tension machine. The traction plate pulls the conductor to a wire-releasing pulley, and the wire-releasing pulley pulls the conductor to a traction machine through a traction rope.

3. The power line construction stress monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The construction force model includes a line-laying sag calculation model, a horizontal tension calculation model, and a pulling force calculation model.

4. The power line construction stress monitoring and early warning method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The line sag calculation model is used to express the sag f and the line length L of any point coordinate P (x, y) on the transmission line; The curve equation of the coordinates P(x,y) of any point on the transmission line is as follows: The calculation formula for the sag f of any point coordinate P (x, y) on the transmission line is as follows: Maximum sag at the center of the span f max The calculation formula is as follows: The calculation formula of the pay-off line length L is as follows: Where w is the unit weight of the conductor; β is the height difference angle at coordinate P; H is the horizontal tension of the overhead line; and l is the span.

5. The power line construction stress monitoring and early warning method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The horizontal tension calculation model is used to express the horizontal tension H of the overhead line in the control gear when an obstacle appears in the wire laying gear. i : In the formula, h A h is the height of the left hanging point of the pay-off gear relative to the positioning elevation; 地 It is the relative height of the left side positioning elevation of the object being crossed during the line laying; S is the distance maintained by the line from the top of the object being crossed.

6. The power line construction stress monitoring and early warning method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The tension calculation model is based on the horizontal tension H of the overhead line in the control gear. i , determine the tension mechanism tension The expression is as follows: In the formula, β i represents the height difference angle of the i-th gear; w is the unit weight of the conductor; l i is the gear distance of the i-th gear; F 右i Indicates the horizontal sag of the wire pulling side in gear i; ε * Indicates the friction coefficient between the overhead wire and the pulley at the first gear; h i represents the height difference of the i-th gear; On both sides of the tower laying pulley, the total axial tension of m sub-conductors on the tensioning side is T i and the total axial tension T of the traction side sub-conductor i ′ They are: T i =T i-1 ′ +wh i =me i-1 T T +mw(e i-1 h1+e i-2 h2+…+h i ) T i ′ =εT i =me i T T +mw(e i h1+e i-1 h2+…+eh i ) Axial tension of the traction rope on both sides of the tower, T n and the axial tension T of the traction rope on the traction side n ′ They are: T n =T n-1 +w0h n T n ′ =T n-1 ′ +w0h n Where, T n-1 T represents the axial tension of the traction rope at the n-1th node on the tensioning side; n-1 ′ represents the axial tension of the traction rope at the n-1th node on the traction side; h n represents the height difference at the nth node; w0 is the initial mass of the wire.

7. The power line construction stress monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The construction process of the wire-laying block state model includes: The tension machine, traction machine, and wire-laying pulley are used as nodes of the wire-laying system, and the traction plate is a mobile node; there are n+1 nodes in total, of which n-1 are wire-laying pulleys; The relative height difference between nodes is h i : The relative span is L i ; In the formula, S i H is the length of the conductor / traction rope in the i-th gear; i V is the horizontal tension of the conductor / traction rope in the i-th gear; i , are the vertical forces of the conductor / traction rope at the starting point and the end point in the i-th gear, respectively, where q is the unit weight of the conductor / traction rope; EA is the product of the cross-sectional area and the elastic modulus; A coordinate system is established with the top of the pay-out pulley as the center. In the coordinate system, the positive direction of the Z axis is vertically upward, the X axis is the horizontal direction of the tension side, the plane Ω1 is the plane where the tension side wire is located, the plane Ω2 is the plane where the traction side wire is located, and the angle between Ω1 and Ω2 is β.

8. A power line construction stress monitoring and early warning device, characterized in that: It includes a conductor tension monitoring device and an integrated monitoring device; The wire tension monitoring device comprises a pulley A with grooves, a pulley B and a pulley C, wherein the groove shape is adapted to the wire so that the wire is clamped on the pulley; the pulley A, the pulley B and the pulley C form a triangle; wherein the pulley A and the pulley B are located on the upper part of the wire, and the pulley C is located on the lower part of the wire; A measuring pulley is provided between pulley A and pulley B. When the wire passes through, the measuring pulley is driven to rotate. The photoelectric encoder is connected to the inner side of the measuring pulley. Through the rotation of the pulley, the photoelectric encoder generates a pulse signal, records the rotation angle and frequency of the pulley, and thus calculates the force on the wire. The pulley C and the measuring pulley are provided with a telescopic device; the bottom of the pulley C is connected to a metal rod, and the metal rod applies an upward thrust through a spring to ensure that the pulley C is in close contact with the wire; a spring is connected to the inner side of the measuring pulley to provide elastic force; The integrated monitoring device is used to monitor the real-time posture deviation and displacement change of the wire-laying pulley and the traction plate during the construction of the transmission line, and can execute the power line construction force monitoring and early warning method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The power line construction stress monitoring and early warning device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The integrated monitoring device is provided with a construction force model and a wire-laying pulley state model; The integrated monitoring device also includes: A first data acquisition unit; the first data acquisition unit is used to acquire construction parameters of the overhead transmission line, and send the construction parameters of the overhead transmission line into the construction force model to obtain a first set of construction monitoring data; the first set of construction monitoring data includes horizontal tension and pulling force of the overhead line at the traction plate; A second data acquisition unit; the second data acquisition unit is used to input the construction parameters of the overhead transmission line into the state model of the wire-laying pulley to obtain a second set of construction monitoring data; the second set of construction monitoring data includes the load on the wire-laying pulley, the envelope angle of the traction rope and the deflection angle of the wire-laying pulley; Data analysis unit; the data analysis unit is used to perform data analysis on two sets of construction monitoring data: If both sets of construction monitoring data are within the preset warning range, the construction process is considered normal; If one or more monitoring data in the two sets of construction monitoring data exceeds the preset warning range, it is considered that there is an abnormality in the construction process and a construction abnormality warning signal is issued.

10. A power line construction monitoring platform, characterized in that: The power line construction monitoring platform is connected to the power line construction stress monitoring and early warning device as described in claim 8 or 9; The power line construction monitoring platform also includes a view component, which displays the real-time stress parameters during the power line construction process in the form of visual charts.

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