Intelligent monitoring and evaluation method of mine pressure and support

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of underground coal mine safety control, and provides a method for intelligent monitoring and evaluation of mine pressure and support, which obtains the strain value of the axial direction of the tunnel support structure; obtains the three-dimensional stress state of the tunnel surrounding rock and the microseismic events occurring in the tunnel surrounding rock; measures the tunnel height and width, calculates the tunnel displacement deformation data, and constructs the surrounding rock deformation coefficient; constructs the surrounding rock resultant force coefficient using the strain value and the stress of the tunnel surrounding rock; analyzes the microseismic events, obtains the tunnel surrounding rock microseismic energy, and constructs the surrounding rock microseismic energy coefficient; comprehensively constructs the tunnel surrounding rock safety factor by the surrounding rock resultant force coefficient, the surrounding rock deformation coefficient, and the surrounding rock microseismic energy coefficient, and performs graded evaluation according to the value of the tunnel surrounding rock safety factor. The evaluation result of the present invention is relatively comprehensive, and the accuracy of the tunnel surrounding rock stability evaluation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of underground coal mine safety control, and in particular relates to a mine pressure and support intelligent monitoring and evaluation method. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Coal mines are one of the important strategic resources. However, as the mining of coal resources continues to develop deeper, dynamic disasters such as rock burst and mine earthquakes occur frequently, posing a major threat to the safe and efficient mining of coal mines. At the same time, it also has a great impact on the health of underground workers.

[0004] Therefore, accurate and effective monitoring and early warning of coal mine disasters will help prevent coal mine disasters and minimize risks.

[0005] However, the current coal mine pressure monitoring and support evaluation are mostly single evaluation methods, which cannot integrate multiple factors for comprehensive monitoring and systematic evaluation. In addition, the evaluation method of conventional coal mine pressure and support monitoring cannot quickly and accurately use the monitoring of tunnel surrounding rock related data to evaluate surrounding rock stability. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a method for intelligent monitoring and evaluation of mine pressure and support. The present invention can comprehensively evaluate the stability of tunnel surrounding rock by combining multiple tunnel surrounding rock monitoring variables. The evaluation result is more comprehensive, which improves the accuracy of tunnel surrounding rock stability evaluation.

[0007] According to some embodiments, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for intelligent monitoring and evaluation of mine pressure and support, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Obtain the strain value in the axial direction of the tunnel support structure;

[0010] Obtain the three-dimensional stress state of the tunnel surrounding rock and the microseismic events occurring in the tunnel surrounding rock;

[0011] Measure the height and width of the tunnel, calculate the tunnel displacement deformation data, and construct the surrounding rock deformation coefficient;

[0012] The surrounding rock resultant force coefficient is constructed using the strain value and the stress of the tunnel surrounding rock;

[0013] Analyze the microseismic events, obtain the microseismic energy of the tunnel surrounding rock, and construct the microseismic energy coefficient of the surrounding rock;

[0014] The surrounding rock safety factor of the tunnel is constructed by comprehensively considering the surrounding rock force coefficient, surrounding rock deformation coefficient and surrounding rock microseismic energy coefficient, and a graded evaluation is carried out according to the value of the surrounding rock safety factor of the tunnel.

[0015] As an optional implementation, a strain gauge is attached to the tunnel support structure, and the strain value of the tunnel support structure in the axial direction is obtained by using the strain gauge.

[0016] As an optional implementation method, stress sensors are respectively arranged in the vertical, horizontal and front-to-back directions inside the tunnel surrounding rock to obtain the three-dimensional stress state of the tunnel surrounding rock;

[0017] Vibration sensors are used to record microseismic events occurring in the tunnel surrounding rock in real time.

[0018] As an optional implementation method, the process of measuring the height and width of the tunnel includes: setting a number of marking points on the rocks between the tunnel surrounding rock wall and the top and bottom plates, and measuring the distance between the corresponding marking points by a laser rangefinder; recording the initial distance in the horizontal direction and the initial distance in the vertical direction at the beginning of monitoring, and measuring the horizontal distance and the vertical distance after setting the monitoring period.

[0019] As an optional implementation method, the process of calculating the tunnel displacement deformation data and constructing the surrounding rock deformation coefficient includes:

[0020] ;

[0021] in, is the deformation coefficient of surrounding rock, x1,…,x n are the initial distances between the n groups of marking points set in the horizontal direction at the beginning of monitoring, y1, ..., y n are the initial distances between the n groups of marking points set in the vertical direction at the beginning of monitoring, , …, They are the distances between n groups of marking points set in the horizontal direction after setting the monitoring cycle. , …, They are respectively the distances between n groups of marking points set in the vertical direction after setting the monitoring period, n is a positive integer, and each group includes two marking points.

[0022] As an optional implementation, the process of constructing the surrounding rock force coefficient using the strain value and the stress of the tunnel surrounding rock includes: according to the obtained strain value in the axial direction of the support structure , calculate the support force provided by the support structure , and combined with the obtained three-dimensional stress of the tunnel surrounding rock , , , calculate the tunnel surrounding rock and force coefficient :

[0023] .

[0024] As an optional implementation, the process of analyzing the microseismic event, obtaining the microseismic energy of the tunnel surrounding rock, and constructing the microseismic energy coefficient of the surrounding rock includes: determining the maximum microseismic energy when the microseismic event occurs , the average microseismic energy is calculated as ,definition is the microseismic energy coefficient of the surrounding rock, where , is the weight coefficient of microseismic energy, .

[0025] As an optional implementation method, the process of constructing the tunnel surrounding rock safety factor by integrating the surrounding rock force coefficient, surrounding rock deformation coefficient and surrounding rock microseismic energy coefficient includes:

[0026] ;

[0027] in, is the safety factor of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, , , is the weight coefficient, , is the surrounding rock deformation coefficient, is the tunnel surrounding rock and force coefficient, is the microseismic energy coefficient of surrounding rock.

[0028] As an optional implementation method, the process of performing graded evaluation according to the value of the safety factor of the surrounding rock of the roadway includes:

[0029] when ,and , , , the surrounding rock stability level belongs to the first level state, and the tunnel is safe;

[0030] when When the surrounding rock stability level is in the third level, it is necessary to strengthen the support of the tunnel surrounding rock;

[0031] In other cases, the surrounding rock stability level belongs to the second level, and it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of the surrounding rock stability of the tunnel;

[0032] in, is the safety factor of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, is the surrounding rock deformation coefficient, is the tunnel surrounding rock and force coefficient, is the microseismic energy coefficient of surrounding rock, is the safety factor index of the tunnel surrounding rock. is the surrounding rock deformation safety index, is the safety index of the surrounding rock combined force, It is the microseismic energy index of tunnel surrounding rock.

[0033] As a further step, the combined force safety index of surrounding rock Set according to the obtained surrounding rock stress and the support force provided by the support structure;

[0034] Microseismic energy index of tunnel surrounding rock Set according to historical microseismic events of tunnel surrounding rock;

[0035] Surrounding rock deformation safety index Set according to the acquired tunnel surrounding rock displacement data.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] The present invention monitors various data of tunnel surrounding rock in real time, calculates corresponding coefficients, establishes tunnel surrounding rock safety factors based on the above parameters, and finally evaluates the stability of tunnel surrounding rock in coal mine mining area according to the tunnel surrounding rock safety factors. The present invention realizes monitoring and comprehensive consideration of multiple factors affecting surrounding rock stability, and improves the accuracy of surrounding rock evaluation.

[0038] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0040] Figure 1 is a coal mine stope map in one embodiment;

[0041] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a method for comprehensive detection and evaluation of mining pressure and support in a coal mine stope in an embodiment;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a layout diagram of a laneway monitoring device in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0045] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0046] In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0047] Embodiment 1

[0048] Comprehensive monitoring and evaluation methods for coal mine pressure and support, such as Figure 2 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0049] Step 1: Arrange monitoring instruments in the coal mine tunnels:

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, strain gauges are pasted on the tunnel support structure; and the tunnel surrounding rock pressure detection device is set inside the tunnel surrounding rock to obtain the three-dimensional stress and surrounding rock microseismic energy of the monitoring point surrounding rock; at the same time, the tunnel height and width are measured by a laser rangefinder, and the displacement of the tunnel top and bottom plates and side parts is recorded.

[0051] Among them, the tunnel surrounding rock pressure detection device (hereinafter referred to as the mine pressure detection device) is equipped with upper, left and front stress sensors, which can monitor the three-dimensional stress state of the surrounding rock in real time; at the same time, the mine pressure detection device is equipped with a vibration sensor, which can record the microseismic events occurring in the tunnel surrounding rock in real time and convert the vibration signal into the microseismic energy of the tunnel surrounding rock. .

[0052] Step 2: Use the axial strain of the tunnel support structure obtained Calculate the support force provided by the supporting structure , and combined with the three-dimensional stress of the tunnel surrounding rock obtained by the mine pressure detection device , , , calculate the tunnel surrounding rock and force coefficient: .

[0053] At the same time, by analyzing the surrounding rock stress obtained on site and the support force provided by the support structure, the surrounding rock force safety index is given. .

[0054] Step 3: Analyze the microseismic events in the tunnel captured by the vibration sensor to obtain the microseismic energy in the tunnel. The maximum microseismic energy when the microseismic event occurs is recorded as The average microseismic energy is Calculate the microseismic energy coefficient of surrounding rock .

[0055] in , is the weight coefficient of microseismic energy, .

[0056] According to the historical microseismic events of the tunnel surrounding rock, the microseismic energy index of the tunnel surrounding rock is analyzed. .

[0057] Step 4: Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, two groups of marking points are set on the rocks between the tunnel surrounding rock wall and the top and bottom plates as an example for explanation, and the distance between the marking points is measured by a laser rangefinder; the initial distance in the horizontal direction at the beginning of monitoring is recorded , , the horizontal distance is measured after one monitoring cycle and recorded as , , similarly obtain the vertical distance , ,and , .

[0058] Calculate the surrounding rock deformation coefficient:

[0059] .

[0060] According to the field test, the displacement data of the tunnel surrounding rock is analyzed and the surrounding rock deformation safety index is given. .

[0061] Step 5: Calculate the safety factor of tunnel surrounding rock based on the weight analysis method : .

[0062] In the formula , , is the weight coefficient, .

[0063] Step 6: Evaluate the stability of tunnel surrounding rock by grading surrounding rock force coefficient, surrounding rock microseismic energy coefficient and surrounding rock deformation coefficient:

[0064] when ,and , , , the surrounding rock stability level belongs to level one (stable state), and the tunnel is relatively safe;

[0065] when When the surrounding rock stability level is level 3 (unstable state), it is necessary to strengthen the support of the tunnel surrounding rock;

[0066] In other cases, the surrounding rock stability level belongs to Level 2 (relatively stable state), and it is necessary to strengthen the detection of tunnel surrounding rock stability.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principle of the present invention without creative labor shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent monitoring and evaluation of mine pressure and support, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtain the strain value in the axial direction of the tunnel support structure; Obtain the three-dimensional stress state of the tunnel surrounding rock and the microseismic events occurring in the tunnel surrounding rock; Measure the height and width of the tunnel, calculate the tunnel displacement deformation data, and construct the surrounding rock deformation coefficient; The surrounding rock resultant force coefficient is constructed using the strain value and the stress of the tunnel surrounding rock; Analyze the microseismic events, obtain the microseismic energy of the tunnel surrounding rock, and construct the microseismic energy coefficient of the surrounding rock; The surrounding rock safety factor is constructed by comprehensively considering the surrounding rock force coefficient, surrounding rock deformation coefficient and surrounding rock microseismic energy coefficient, and a graded evaluation is performed based on the value of the surrounding rock safety factor. The process of calculating the tunnel displacement deformation data and constructing the surrounding rock deformation coefficient includes: ； in, is the deformation coefficient of surrounding rock, x1,…,x n are the initial distances between the n groups of marking points set in the horizontal direction at the beginning of monitoring, y1, ..., y n are the initial distances between the n groups of marking points set in the vertical direction at the beginning of monitoring, , …, They are the distances between n groups of marking points set in the horizontal direction after setting the monitoring cycle. , …, are the distances between n groups of marking points set in the vertical direction after setting the monitoring period, n is a positive integer, and each group includes two marking points; The process of constructing the surrounding rock force coefficient using the strain value and the stress of the tunnel surrounding rock includes: according to the strain value in the axial direction of the support structure obtained , calculate the support force provided by the support structure , and combined with the obtained three-dimensional stress of the tunnel surrounding rock , , , calculate the resultant force coefficient of tunnel surrounding rock : ； The process of analyzing the microseismic events, obtaining the microseismic energy of the tunnel surrounding rock, and constructing the microseismic energy coefficient of the surrounding rock includes: determining the maximum microseismic energy when the microseismic event occurs , the average microseismic energy is calculated as ,definition is the microseismic energy coefficient of the surrounding rock, where , is the weight coefficient of microseismic energy, ; The process of constructing the tunnel surrounding rock safety factor by integrating the surrounding rock force coefficient, surrounding rock deformation coefficient and surrounding rock microseismic energy coefficient includes: ； in, is the safety factor of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, , , is the weight coefficient, , is the surrounding rock deformation coefficient, is the resultant force coefficient of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, is the microseismic energy coefficient of surrounding rock.

2. A mine pressure and support intelligent monitoring and evaluation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The strain gauge is pasted on the tunnel support structure, and the strain value in the axial direction of the tunnel support structure is obtained by using the strain gauge.

3. A mine pressure and support intelligent monitoring and evaluation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional stress state of the tunnel surrounding rock is obtained by using stress sensors set in the vertical, horizontal and front-back directions inside the tunnel surrounding rock; Vibration sensors are used to record microseismic events occurring in the tunnel surrounding rock in real time.

4. The method for intelligent monitoring and evaluation of mine pressure and support as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The process of measuring the height and width of the tunnel includes: setting a number of marking points on the rocks between the tunnel surrounding rock wall and the top and bottom plates, and measuring the distance between the corresponding marking points with a laser rangefinder; recording the initial distance in the horizontal direction and the initial distance in the vertical direction at the beginning of monitoring, and measuring the horizontal distance and the vertical distance after setting the monitoring period.

5. The method for intelligent monitoring and evaluation of mine pressure and support as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: According to the value of the safety factor of the tunnel surrounding rock, the process of graded evaluation includes: when ,and , , , the surrounding rock stability level belongs to the first level state, and the tunnel is safe; when When the surrounding rock stability level is in the third level, it is necessary to strengthen the support of the tunnel surrounding rock; In other cases, the surrounding rock stability level belongs to the second level, and it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of the surrounding rock stability of the tunnel; in, is the safety factor of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, is the surrounding rock deformation coefficient, is the resultant force coefficient of the surrounding rock of the tunnel, is the microseismic energy coefficient of surrounding rock, is the safety factor index of the tunnel surrounding rock. is the safety index of surrounding rock deformation, is the safety index of the surrounding rock combined force, It is the microseismic energy index of tunnel surrounding rock.

6. A mine pressure and support intelligent monitoring and evaluation method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The surrounding rock force safety index Set according to the obtained surrounding rock stress and the support force provided by the support structure; The microseismic energy index of the tunnel surrounding rock Set according to historical microseismic events of tunnel surrounding rock; The surrounding rock deformation safety index Set according to the acquired tunnel surrounding rock displacement data.

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