Battery pack based on high safety and new energy automobile thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a battery pack based on high safety and a new energy automobile thereof, the battery pack based on high safety comprises a battery pack body and a waterproof ventilation valve arranged on the outer wall of the battery pack body, and the waterproof ventilation valve comprises a valve body, a valve core, a ventilation film and a pressure relief sleeve. The valve body comprises a sleeve and an exhaust pipe, flanges are arranged at the two ends of the sleeve, a flow guide hole is formed in the side wall of the sleeve, a sliding groove and an air hole are formed in the exhaust pipe, a tension spring is arranged in the exhaust pipe, and a filter element is arranged on the pressure relief sleeve. Gas generated in the battery pack can be exhausted from the gas-permeable membrane and the filter element, and two paths are provided for exhausting the gas, so that the gas exchange efficiency is improved; the valve element blocks the breathable film, gas is independently exhausted from the side face of the pressure relief sleeve, the gas can burst through the filter element to directly relieve pressure, high-temperature and high-pressure gas is prevented from directly impacting other accessories on the outer side of the battery pack through pressure relief from the side direction, meanwhile, sparks are prevented from igniting the accessories outside the battery pack, and the safety of the new energy automobile is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy vehicles, and in particular to a high-safety battery pack and a new energy vehicle thereof. Background Art

[0002] Battery fast charging technology improves the charging speed of new energy vehicles, but the fast charging process will cause the temperature of the battery pack to rise rapidly, accompanied by a rapid increase in the air pressure inside the battery pack, so higher pressure relief and exhaust capabilities are required of the battery pack.

[0003] At the same time, when an abnormality occurs in the battery pack during the fast charging process, the pressure inside the battery pack rises sharply in a short period of time. The pressure relief capacity of the existing battery pack is insufficient to complete the pressure relief, and the battery pack cannot relieve pressure in time, leading to accidents such as fire and explosion. On the other hand, the high-temperature gas discharged during the pressure relief process has great impact and high temperature, which can easily cause failure of other accessories around the battery pack, causing secondary damage to the car.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the pressure relief and exhaust capacity of the battery pack in new energy vehicles and prevent damage to the surrounding accessories of the battery pack during the pressure relief process is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a high-safety battery pack and a new energy vehicle thereof, improve the pressure relief and exhaust capacity of the battery pack in the new energy vehicle, and prevent damage to the surrounding accessories of the battery pack during the pressure relief process.

[0006] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A high-safety battery pack includes a battery pack body and a waterproof breathable valve arranged on the outer wall of the battery pack body, wherein the waterproof breathable valve includes: a valve body, a valve core, a breathable membrane and a pressure relief sleeve;

[0008] The valve body comprises a sleeve and an exhaust pipe located in the inner cavity of the sleeve, the exhaust pipe cooperates with the sleeve to form an air inlet cavity, a flange is provided at each end of the sleeve, a plurality of guide holes connected with the inner cavity of the sleeve are provided on the side wall of the sleeve, a slide groove and an air vent are provided on the exhaust pipe, the air vent is used to connect the air inlet cavity and the slide groove, the air permeable membrane is provided at the connection position between the sleeve and the exhaust pipe, the valve core is slidably provided in the slide groove, and a tension spring is provided in the exhaust pipe, the tension spring is used to drive the valve core away from the air permeable membrane;

[0009] The pressure relief sleeve covers the outer side of the sleeve, and a filter element is provided on the pressure relief sleeve;

[0010] The gas generated in the battery pack is discharged outward through the breathable membrane or the filter element.

[0011] In one embodiment, the air vent is located in the middle of the slide groove, and the thickness of the valve core is 1 / 3 of the depth of the slide groove.

[0012] In one embodiment, the pressure relief sleeve includes a spoiler ring, a shell and two bearings, the shell is rotatably arranged on the sleeve, and the bearing is located at the position where the shell is connected to the flange; the inner wall of the shell and the outer wall of the sleeve together form a spoiler cavity, the spoiler ring is embedded in the shell, and the spoiler ring is provided with a plurality of guide fins at a position in the spoiler cavity, and the shell is provided with a plurality of exhaust grooves; a plurality of buckles are provided on the outer wall of the shell, and a filter element is provided between each two adjacent buckles, and the filter element covers the exhaust groove.

[0013] In one embodiment, the plurality of exhaust grooves are spaced apart and distributed along the extension direction of the axis of the spoiler ring.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, the angle between the guide fin and the extension line of the diameter of the spoiler ring is 30°.

[0015] In one embodiment, the cross section of the filter element is arc-shaped.

[0016] In one of the embodiments, the valve body further includes a sealing gasket, and the sealing gasket is arranged between the outer wall of the battery pack body and the flange.

[0017] In one embodiment, the air permeable membrane includes a membrane body and a valve cover, the membrane body is attached to the valve cover, the valve cover is embedded in the end of the exhaust pipe, and a plurality of through holes are formed on the valve cover.

[0018] In one embodiment, a groove is formed on one end of the exhaust pipe away from the breathable membrane, a support rod is provided in the groove, one end of the tension spring is hooked on the support rod, and the other end of the tension spring is hooked on the valve core.

[0019] A new energy vehicle comprises a vehicle body and the above-mentioned high-safety battery pack.

[0020] The above-mentioned high safety-based battery pack has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. During normal ventilation, the gas generated in the battery pack can be discharged from the breathable membrane and the filter element, providing two paths for gas discharge, improving ventilation efficiency, and coping with the problem of instantaneous high gas generation in the battery pack under fast charging conditions, thereby reducing the failure rate of the battery pack;

[0022] 2. When the battery pack is abnormal, the valve core blocks the breathable membrane, allowing the gas to be discharged from the side of the pressure relief sleeve alone, and the gas can directly release the pressure by flushing the filter element. Pressure relief from the side prevents high-temperature and high-pressure gas from directly impacting other accessories on the outside of the battery pack. At the same time, the gas needs to pass through the sleeve and the pressure relief sleeve when it is discharged to prevent sparks from igniting the external accessories of the battery pack. While releasing the pressure, it can prevent the fire from spreading, thereby improving the safety of new energy vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the automobile body;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram at A;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a waterproof breathable valve;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the waterproof breathable valve;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the pressure relief sleeve;

[0029] Figure 6 This is the coordination diagram between the valve core and the exhaust pipe during normal exhaust;

[0030] Figure 7 This is the coordination diagram between the valve core and the exhaust pipe during emergency exhaust;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the waterproof vent valve in the emergency exhaust state.

[0032] Figure numerals: 10. Battery pack based on high safety; 11. Battery pack body; 12. Waterproof breathable valve; 1. Air inlet cavity; 2. Turbine cavity; 100. Valve body; 110. Sleeve; 111. Guide hole; 120. Exhaust pipe; 121. Slide groove; 122. Air hole; 123. Groove; 124. Support rod; 130. Flange; 140. Tension spring; 150. Sealing gasket; 200. Valve core; 300. Breathable membrane; 310. Membrane body; 320. Valve cover; 321. Through hole; 400. Pressure relief sleeve; 410. Turbine ring; 411. Guide fin; 420. Shell; 421. Exhaust groove; 422. Buckle; 430. Bearing; 500. Filter element; 20. Automobile body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] See also Figure 2 The present invention provides a high-safety battery pack 10 , which includes a battery pack body 11 and a waterproof and breathable valve 12 arranged on the outer wall of the battery pack body 11 .

[0034] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 The waterproof breathable valve 12 includes: a valve body 100 , a valve core 200 , a breathable membrane 300 and a pressure relief sleeve 400 .

[0035] See also Figure 4 and Figure 6 The valve body 100 includes a sleeve 110 and an exhaust pipe 120 located in the inner cavity of the sleeve 110. The exhaust pipe 120 and the sleeve 110 cooperate to form an air inlet cavity 1. A flange 130 is provided at each end of the sleeve 110. The side wall of the sleeve 110 is provided with a plurality of guide holes 111 connected with its inner cavity. The exhaust pipe 120 is provided with a slide groove 121 and an air vent 122. The air vent 122 is used to connect the air inlet cavity 1 and the slide groove 121. The air permeable membrane 300 is provided at the connection position between the sleeve 110 and the exhaust pipe 120. The valve core 200 is slidably provided in the slide groove 121. A tension spring 140 is provided in the exhaust pipe 120. The tension spring 140 is used to drive the valve core 200 away from the air permeable membrane 300. Preferably, the air vent 122 is located in the middle position of the slide groove 121, and the thickness of the valve core 200 is 1 / 3 of the depth of the slide groove 121.

[0036] See also Figure 3 and Figure 6 The pressure relief sleeve 400 covers the outer side of the sleeve 110 , and a filter element 500 is disposed on the pressure relief sleeve 400 . The filter element 500 and the pressure relief sleeve 400 are detachably connected.

[0037] The gas generated in the battery pack is discharged to the outside through the breathable membrane 300 or the filter element 500 .

[0038] The waterproof breathable valve 12 is fixed on the battery pack body 11. The battery pack body 11 is provided with a mounting hole, and the valve body 100 is arranged on the mounting hole, and one of the flanges 130 on the sleeve 110 is locked to the outer wall of the battery pack body 11 by screws. Preferably, a sealing gasket 150 is provided between the flange 130 and the battery pack body 11.

[0039] During the charging and discharging process of the battery pack body 11, gas is generated, causing the internal pressure to rise. The waterproof vent valve 12 discharges the gas in the following manner:

[0040] 1. When the battery pack body 11 is charged and discharged normally;

[0041] See also Figure 6 The gas generated during the charging and discharging of the battery pack increases its internal pressure, and the thrust acting on the valve core 200 is smaller than the elastic force applied by the tension spring 140 to the valve core 200. Therefore, the valve core 200 is located on the side close to the battery pack body 11. Figure 6 As shown, the valve core 200 is located below the air hole 122, and the air hole 122 is connected to the air inlet cavity 1 and the slide groove 121. After the gas in the battery pack enters the air inlet cavity 1, a part of the gas enters the slide groove 121 through the air hole 122 and is discharged from the air permeable membrane 300; the other part enters the pressure relief sleeve 400 through the guide hole 111, and is discharged after passing through the filter element 500.

[0042] That is, the gas generated during normal charging and discharging of the battery pack can be discharged from the filter element 500 and the breathable membrane 300. The waterproof breathable valve 12 provides two pressure relief paths for gas discharge, which can quickly discharge the gas generated during fast charging, maintain the air pressure balance inside and outside the battery pack, and thus reduce the failure rate of the battery pack.

[0043] 2. When the battery pack fails or the charging and discharging is abnormal;

[0044] See also Figure 7 In this state, the gas generated per unit time rises sharply and is accompanied by high temperature; the thrust of the pressure in the battery pack on the valve core 200 is greater than the elastic force applied by the tension spring 140 to the valve core 200, so the valve core 200 is located on the side close to the breathable membrane 300, such as Figure 7 As shown, the valve core 200 is located above the air hole 122, and the valve core 200 blocks the air permeable membrane 300. Since the air permeable membrane 300 is blocked, the gas can only be discharged from the pressure relief sleeve 400 side through the guide hole 111, and the gas pressure is much greater than the normal state at this time. The impact force generated by the gas can open the filter element 500. Without the obstruction of the filter element 500, the gas can be quickly discharged from the pressure relief sleeve 400.

[0045] When the battery pack is abnormal, although there is only a single exhaust channel, the gas in this state lacks the obstruction of the filter element 500 and the breathable membrane 300, and the gas discharge process will be faster. Accelerating the pressure release speed can avoid swelling or explosion of the battery pack, which is beneficial to cooling; further, at this time, the gas is discharged laterally (referring to the discharge in the radial direction of the sleeve 110), and will not directly impact the accessories around the battery pack, which can avoid secondary damage to the car.

[0046] The above-mentioned high-safety battery pack 10 has the following advantages:

[0047] 1. During normal ventilation, the gas generated in the battery pack can be discharged from the breathable membrane 300 and the filter element 500, providing two paths for gas discharge, improving ventilation efficiency, and coping with the problem of instantaneous high gas generation in the battery pack under fast charging conditions, thereby reducing the failure rate of the battery pack.

[0048] 2. When the battery pack is abnormal, the valve core 200 blocks the breathable membrane 300, allowing the gas to be discharged from the side of the pressure relief sleeve 400 alone, and the gas can directly release pressure by flushing the filter element 500. Pressure relief from the side prevents high-temperature and high-pressure gas from directly impacting other accessories on the outside of the battery pack. At the same time, when the gas is discharged, it needs to pass through the sleeve 110 and the pressure relief sleeve 400 to prevent sparks from igniting the external accessories of the battery pack. While releasing pressure, it can prevent the fire from spreading, thereby improving the safety of new energy vehicles.

[0049] It is understandable that when the battery pack is abnormal, a large amount of high-temperature gas is generated inside it in a short period of time. When these gases are discharged from the pressure relief sleeve 400, they are very likely to cause failures of other accessories around the battery pack body 11. The above solution changes the gas discharge direction to prevent it from being directly sprayed onto accessories adjacent to the battery pack body 11, but this method only changes the gas discharge direction. The gas is discharged with great force and speed, and the spray distance is far. The distance between the battery pack body 11 and the surrounding accessories is small, leaving little space for these high-temperature and high-pressure gases to buffer. Other components in the high-temperature and high-pressure gas discharge direction are still at risk of being damaged.

[0050] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6 To solve the above problem, the pressure relief sleeve 400 includes a spoiler ring 410, a housing 420 and two bearings 430. The housing 420 is rotatably disposed on the sleeve 110, and the bearings 430 are located at the position where the housing 420 is connected to the flange 130. The housing 420 can rotate around the sleeve 110.

[0051] See also Figure 6 and Figure 8The inner wall of the housing 420 and the outer wall of the sleeve 110 together form a spoiler cavity 2, the guide hole 111 is connected to the air cavity 1 and the spoiler cavity 2, the spoiler ring 410 is embedded in the housing 420, and a plurality of guide fins 411 are provided on the spoiler ring 410 at positions within the spoiler cavity 2. Preferably, the angle between the guide fins 411 and the extension line of the diameter of the spoiler ring 410 is 30° (e.g. Figure 8 When the high-temperature and high-pressure gas flushes the guide fins 411, radial force will be generated, and the housing 420 will rotate around the sleeve 110 under the action of the radial force.

[0052] See also Figure 5 The housing 420 is provided with a plurality of exhaust grooves 421, which are spaced apart along the extension direction of the axis of the spoiler ring 410. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas passes through the gaps between the guide fins 411 and is discharged outward through the exhaust grooves 421.

[0053] See also Figure 5 and Figure 8 A plurality of buckles 422 are provided on the outer wall of the housing 420, and a filter element 500 is provided between each two adjacent buckles 422, and the filter element 500 covers the exhaust groove 421. Preferably, the cross section of the filter element 500 is in an arc shape. The filter element 500 is buckled on the outer wall of the housing 420 through the buckles 422. When the filter element 500 is impacted by high-temperature and high-pressure gas and bends, the connection between the filter element 500 and the buckles 422 is released, and the filter element 500 falls off from the housing 420.

[0054] It should be noted that there is friction between the contact position between the housing 420 and the flange 130, so that the rotating structure formed by the housing 420 and the spoiler ring 410 only works when the battery pack is abnormal, as follows:

[0055] See also Figure 6 When the battery pack is charged and discharged normally, the gas can be discharged from the filter element 500 and the breathable membrane 300. In this state, the pressure in the battery pack is small, and there are two discharge paths to share the pressure. Therefore, the radial component force generated when the gas passes through the guide fin 411 is smaller than the friction between the shell 420 and the flange 130, and the shell 420 will remain stationary.

[0056] See also Figure 7 and Figure 8 When the battery pack is abnormal, the gas can only be discharged from the side where the filter element 500 is located. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters the turbulent cavity 2 from the air inlet cavity 1 through the guide hole 111, and passes through the gap between the guide fins 411 and then ejects from the exhaust groove 421. The ejected gas will flush the filter element 500 (such as Figure 8 shown).

[0057] It should be noted that at this time, the air pressure in the battery pack is high, and the radial component force generated when the gas passes through the guide fins 411 is greater than the friction between the shell 420 and the flange 130, which will cause the spoiler ring 410 and the shell 420 to rotate around the sleeve 110 together.

[0058] It can be seen that the reason for the rotation of the shell 420 and the spoiler ring 410 is the radial component force generated when the gas passes through the guide fins 411, that is, in the process of high-temperature and high-pressure gas passing through the guide fins 411, part of the energy will be converted into the rotational kinetic energy of the shell 420 and the spoiler ring 410, which needs to overcome the friction between the shell 420 and the flange 130 to do work, and by consuming the energy of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas, its injection speed is weakened and the impact force of the gas is weakened, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the accessories near the battery pack body 11.

[0059] Furthermore, since the shell 420 and the spoiler ring 410 are rotating during the discharge of high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the discharge direction of the gas is constantly changing and will not be sprayed towards a single accessory for a long time, so that the discharged gas cannot continuously and long-term heat a single accessory, thereby avoiding overheating of accessories near the battery pack body 11 and causing malfunctions, thereby improving the safety of the pressure relief process.

[0060] See also Figure 5 In one embodiment, the breathable membrane 300 includes a membrane body 310 and a valve cover 320. The membrane body 310 is attached to the valve cover 320. The valve cover 320 is embedded in the end of the exhaust pipe 120. The valve cover 320 is provided with a plurality of through holes 321. The breathable membrane 300 only works when the battery pack is normally charged and discharged. The gas entering the slide groove 121 passes through the membrane body 310 and is discharged outward from the through holes 321. When the battery pack is abnormal, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas drives the valve core 200 and the valve cover 320 to abut against each other and block the through holes 321, so that the gas cannot pass through the membrane body 310 to be discharged outward, thereby protecting the membrane body 310 from being damaged by the high-temperature gas.

[0061] See also Figure 5 In one embodiment, a groove 123 is provided on the end of the exhaust pipe 120 away from the breathable membrane 300, and a support rod 124 is provided in the groove 123. One end of the tension spring 140 hooks the support rod 124, and the other end of the tension spring 140 hooks the valve core 200, so that the valve core 200 is kept away from the breathable membrane 300. The valve core 200 can be unlocked by pulling out the support rod 124, which is conducive to quick assembly and convenient for later maintenance.

[0062] A new energy vehicle comprises a vehicle body 20 and the above-mentioned high-safety battery pack 10. The waterproof and breathable valve 12 in the high-safety battery pack 10 has two pressure relief paths under normal conditions, which can deal with the gas generated during fast charging, stabilize the pressure in the battery pack, and guide the discharge direction of high-temperature and high-pressure gas when the battery pack is abnormal, weaken the impact of gas discharge, protect the accessories around the battery pack, and improve the safety performance of the new energy vehicle.

Claims

1. A high-safety battery pack, comprising a battery pack body and a waterproof vent valve disposed on the outer wall of the battery pack body, characterized in that: The waterproof breathable valve comprises: a valve body, a valve core, a breathable membrane and a pressure relief sleeve; The valve body comprises a sleeve and an exhaust pipe located in the inner cavity of the sleeve, the exhaust pipe cooperates with the sleeve to form an air inlet cavity, a flange is provided at each end of the sleeve, a plurality of guide holes connected with the inner cavity of the sleeve are provided on the side wall of the sleeve, a slide groove and an air vent are provided on the exhaust pipe, the air vent is used to connect the air inlet cavity and the slide groove, the air permeable membrane is provided at the connection position between the sleeve and the exhaust pipe, the valve core is slidably provided in the slide groove, and a tension spring is provided in the exhaust pipe, the tension spring is used to drive the valve core away from the air permeable membrane; The pressure relief sleeve covers the outer side of the sleeve, and a filter element is provided on the pressure relief sleeve; The gas generated in the battery pack is discharged outward through the breathable membrane or the filter element.

2. The high-safety battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air vent is located in the middle of the slide groove, and the thickness of the valve core is 1 / 3 of the depth of the slide groove.

3. The high-safety battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure relief sleeve comprises a spoiler ring, a shell and two bearings, the shell is rotatably arranged on the sleeve, and the bearings are located at the position where the shell is connected to the flange; The inner wall of the shell and the outer wall of the sleeve together form a spoiler cavity, the spoiler ring is embedded in the shell, and the spoiler ring is provided with a plurality of guide fins at a position in the spoiler cavity, and the shell is provided with a plurality of exhaust grooves; A plurality of buckles are arranged on the outer wall of the shell, and a filter element is arranged between every two adjacent buckles, and the filter element covers the exhaust groove.

4. The high-safety battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The plurality of exhaust grooves are distributed at intervals along the extension direction of the axial center line of the spoiler ring.

5. The high-safety battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The included angle between the guide fin and the extension line of the diameter of the spoiler ring is 30°.

6. The high-safety battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross section of the filter element is in an arc shape.

7. The high-safety battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve body also includes a sealing gasket, which is arranged between the outer wall of the battery pack body and the flange.

8. The high-safety battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air-permeable membrane comprises a membrane body and a valve cover, wherein the membrane body is attached to the valve cover, the valve cover is embedded in the end of the exhaust pipe, and a plurality of through holes are formed on the valve cover.

9. The high-safety battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove is provided on one end of the exhaust pipe away from the breathable membrane, a support rod is provided in the groove, one end of the tension spring is hooked on the support rod, and the other end of the tension spring is hooked on the valve core.

10. A new energy vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vehicle body and a high-safety battery pack as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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