Method for rapidly breaking dormancy of cruciferous seeds by high-pressure air

Abstract

The invention provides a method for rapidly breaking dormancy of cruciferae seeds by high-pressure air. The method comprises the following steps: placing the seeds in an air bottle; the gas cylinder is inflated, so that the pressure in the gas cylinder is in a high-pressure state; storing the high-pressure gas cylinder filled with the seeds at room temperature for a period of time to quickly break seed dormancy; deflating the high-pressure gas cylinder, controlling the flow rate, and taking out the seeds after the pressure is released. The method has the advantages that dormancy breaking and seed vigor improving effects are obvious, dormancy breaking speed is high, maximum germination rate, uniformity and germination rate of seeds treated by high-pressure air are obviously higher than those of control seeds, germination is quicker and neater, and uniform seeding is facilitated; the method is simple and environment-friendly, does not need to use chemical agents, conforms to the concept of green agriculture and sustainable development, and the seeds are dried in the whole high-pressure treatment process, so that irreversible damage caused by conventional seed soaking treatment is avoided, and the method can be applied to large-scale treatment of commercial seeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant seed priming, and in particular to a method for quickly breaking dormancy of cruciferous seeds by using high-pressure air. Background Art

[0002] Cruciferous vegetables, such as greens, mustard greens, cabbage, radish, etc., are widely loved by consumers because of their rich nutrition and delicious taste, and occupy an important position in my country's vegetable industry.

[0003] Seed dormancy refers to the phenomenon that viable seeds cannot germinate under suitable environmental conditions due to factors of the embryo or seed coat. Physiological dormancy is common in cruciferous vegetable seeds. Newly harvested cruciferous vegetable seeds need to be placed for a period of time to break dormancy before they can be sown to ensure a normal germination rate. The dormancy problem of cruciferous vegetable seeds has resulted in seed companies being unable to sell seeds in a timely manner, and seedling workers and breeders being unable to sow on time. At present, seed companies need to store seeds for a long time in order to break the dormancy of cruciferous vegetable seeds; this method is time-consuming and labor-intensive and requires a large amount of storage space, increasing storage costs. There are differences in the dormancy degree of seeds in different batches, and the uniformity of breaking dormancy is poor, making it difficult to predict the time when they can be sold.

[0004] Seed vigor is an important indicator of seed quality and a key factor in determining seed germination rate, germination speed and stress resistance. It has a vital impact on the yield and quality of cruciferous vegetables. Low seed vigor can lead to problems such as reduced germination rate, weak seedlings and slow growth, which in turn increases agricultural production costs and risks. In actual production, seed companies mostly use traditional seed pretreatment technologies such as chemical treatment to improve the vitality of cruciferous vegetable seeds, but there are often problems such as unstable effects, complicated operations or the possible introduction of chemical residues, which will also affect the storage of seeds after treatment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned prior art and provide an induction method which is simple to operate, low in cost, free of chemical residues, and capable of effectively breaking the dormancy of cruciferous seeds.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for quickly breaking dormancy of cruciferous seeds by high-pressure air, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Place the seeds in a gas cylinder;

[0008] (2) Control a certain flow rate to inflate the gas cylinder so that the pressure inside the cylinder is high pressure;

[0009] (3) storing the high-pressure gas cylinder containing the seeds at room temperature for a period of time to break the seed dormancy;

[0010] (4) Control the flow rate to release the high-pressure gas cylinder and remove the seeds after the pressure is released.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure in the gas cylinder in step (2) is 8-20 MPa.

[0012] Preferably, the high-pressure gas cylinder containing the seeds in step (3) is stored at room temperature for 1-7 days.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure in the gas cylinder in step (2) is 20 MPa, and the storage time in step (3) is 7 days.

[0014] Preferably, the gas filled into the gas cylinder in step (2) is air.

[0015] Preferably, the volume of the gas cylinder in step (1) is 2.17 L.

[0016] Preferably, the rate of inflation of the gas cylinder in step (2) is 0.4 MPa / min, and the rate of deflation of the gas cylinder in step (4) is 0.1 MPa / min.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the method of the present invention for quickly breaking dormancy of cruciferous seeds by high-pressure air has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The method for breaking dormancy of cruciferous seeds of the present invention is simple and environmentally friendly, does not require the use of chemical agents, and is in line with the concepts of green agriculture and sustainable development.

[0019] 2. The present invention has remarkable effects on breaking dormancy and improving seed vitality. The maximum germination rate of seeds treated with high-pressure air is significantly higher than that of control seeds, and the germination uniformity and germination rate of seeds treated with high-pressure air are significantly higher than those of the control. Germination is faster and more uniform, which is convenient for uniform sowing.

[0020] 3. The present invention has strong controllability, and can accurately control the effects of breaking dormancy and improving seed vitality by adjusting the pressure and processing time of high-pressure air, thereby meeting the needs of different seeds and agricultural production.

[0021] 4. The seeds of the present invention are dried during the whole process of high pressure treatment, which does not affect the quality of the seeds and can be applied to large-scale treatment of commercial seeds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of the maximum germination rate of untreated Chinese cabbage seeds and Chinese cabbage seeds treated with high-pressure air.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the germination uniformity of untreated Chinese cabbage seeds and Chinese cabbage seeds treated with high-pressure air.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of the germination speed of untreated Chinese cabbage seeds and Chinese cabbage seeds treated with high-pressure air.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of the maximum germination rate of untreated mustard seeds and mustard seeds treated with high-pressure air.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a comparison of the germination uniformity of untreated mustard seeds and mustard seeds treated with high-pressure air.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a comparison chart of the germination speed of untreated mustard seeds and mustard seeds treated with high-pressure air. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention: This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation method and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0029] Embodiment 1:

[0030] Taking the cruciferous vegetable Brassica rapa as an example, 50 Brassica rapa seeds were selected and placed in a gas cylinder with a volume of 2.17L. Air was then filled into the cylinder at a rate of 0.4MPa / min until the pressure in the cylinder reached 20MPa. The cylinder was then stored at room temperature for 7 days to break the dormancy of the Brassica rapa seeds. After the high-pressure air treatment of the Brassica rapa seeds was completed, the cylinder was deflated at a rate of 0.1MPa / min until the pressure in the cylinder dropped to 0MPa; after deflation, the Brassica rapa seeds were taken out of the cylinder.

[0031] The seeds of Chinese cabbage that were not treated with high-pressure air were used as a control, and a germination test was conducted on the seeds of Chinese cabbage that were treated with high-pressure air.

[0032] The method for germinating the seeds of the Chinese cabbage is as follows: 50 healthy and plump Chinese cabbage seeds that have not been treated with high-pressure air and 50 seeds of Chinese cabbage that have been treated with high-pressure air are selected, and the two kinds of Chinese cabbage seeds are placed in two germination boxes padded with three layers of filter paper (the size of the germination box is 12 cm*12 cm), and after adding 12 mL of clean water, the germination boxes are placed in a dark incubator to germinate the Chinese cabbage seeds, and the incubator temperature is kept constant at 20°C; within 1 week after the Chinese cabbage seeds are germinated, the germination rates of the two kinds of Chinese cabbage seeds are counted every day. Repeat the above experiment three times to improve the accuracy of the experiment.

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 (Note: Figure 3The germination rate t50 parameter of the control was shown in the figure. Due to the high dormancy of the seeds, the final germination rate did not exceed 50%, and the time required for germination of 50% could not be calculated. The germination effect of the green stalk cabbage seeds treated with 20MPa high-pressure air for 7 days was compared with that of the control (green stalk cabbage seeds not treated with high-pressure air). The results showed that the maximum germination rate, germination uniformity and germination rate of the green stalk cabbage seeds treated with high-pressure air were significantly higher than those of the control, and the dormancy of the green stalk cabbage seeds was effectively broken.

[0034] Embodiment 2:

[0035] Taking mustard, a cruciferous vegetable seed, as an example, 50 mustard seeds were selected and placed in a gas cylinder with a volume of 2.17L. Air was then filled into the cylinder at a rate of 0.4MPa / min until the pressure in the cylinder reached 8MPa. The cylinder was then stored at room temperature for 3 days to break the dormancy of the mustard seeds. After the high-pressure air treatment of the mustard seeds was completed, the cylinder was deflated at a rate of 0.1MPa / min until the pressure in the cylinder dropped to 0MPa; after deflation, the mustard seeds were taken out of the cylinder.

[0036] The mustard seeds that were not treated with high-pressure air were used as a control, and a germination test was conducted on the mustard seeds that were treated with high-pressure air.

[0037] The method for germinating mustard seeds is as follows: 50 healthy and full mustard seeds that have not been treated with high-pressure air and 50 mustard seeds that have been treated with high-pressure air are selected, and the two mustard seeds are placed in two germination boxes with three layers of filter paper (the size of the germination box is 12 cm*12 cm), and after adding 12 mL of clean water, the germination boxes are placed in a dark incubator to germinate the mustard seeds, and the incubator temperature is kept constant at 20°C; the germination rates of the two mustard seeds are counted every day within 1 week after the mustard seeds are germinated. Repeat the above experiment three times to improve the accuracy of the experiment.

[0038] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the germination effect of mustard seeds treated with 8MPa high-pressure air for 3 days was compared with that of the control (mustard seeds not treated with high-pressure air). The results showed that the mustard seeds treated with high-pressure air not only maintained the same maximum germination rate as the control, but also had significantly higher germination uniformity and germination speed than the control, and the seed vigor of the mustard seeds was effectively improved.

[0039] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for quickly breaking dormancy of cruciferous seeds by high-pressure air, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Place the seeds in a gas cylinder; (2) Control a certain flow rate to inflate the gas cylinder so that the pressure inside the cylinder is high pressure; (3) storing the high-pressure gas cylinder containing the seeds at room temperature for a period of time to break the seed dormancy; (4) Control the flow rate to release the high-pressure gas cylinder and remove the seeds after the pressure is released.

2. The method for rapidly breaking dormancy of cruciferous seeds by high pressure air according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (2), the pressure in the gas cylinder is 8-20 MPa.

3. The method for rapidly breaking dormancy of cruciferous seeds by high pressure air according to claim 2, characterized in that: The storage time of the high-pressure gas cylinder containing the seeds in step (3) at room temperature is 1-7 days.

4. The method for rapidly breaking dormancy of cruciferous seeds by high pressure air according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure in the gas cylinder in step (2) is 20 MPa, and the storage time in step (3) is 7 days.

5. The method for rapidly breaking dormancy of cruciferous seeds by high pressure air according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas filled into the gas cylinder in step (2) is air.

6. The method for rapidly breaking dormancy of cruciferous seeds by high pressure air according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the gas cylinder in step (1) is 2.17L.

7. The method for rapidly breaking dormancy of cruciferous seeds by high pressure air according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rate of inflation of the gas cylinder in step (2) is 0.4 MPa / min, and the rate of deflation of the gas cylinder in step (4) is 0.1 MPa / min.

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