Agricultural planting fertilization device and fertilization method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of fertilization mechanical equipment, and discloses an agricultural planting fertilization device and a fertilization method. The hopper is arranged in the material box, and a distribution box is arranged at the bottom of the hopper; the fertilizing pipes are arranged at the bottom of the distribution box and can transversely slide at the bottom of the distribution box; the two partition plates are arranged in the hopper and used for opening and closing the hopper; the distribution plate is arranged in the distribution box and is used for pushing the fertilizer in the distribution box into the fertilization pipe; the baffle is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizing pipe and used for opening and closing the fertilizing pipe; by arranging the material box and the matched fertilizing component, efficient storage and accurate application of fertilizer particles are realized, and the problem that the fertilizing amount is not easy to control due to different friction coefficients of the channels when a plurality of fertilizing channels are filled with the fertilizer particles in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fertilizing machinery and equipment, and in particular to an agricultural planting fertilizing device and a fertilizing method. Background Art

[0002] In modern agricultural production, fertilization is an important link that affects crop growth and yield. The main purpose of fertilization is to provide crops with the necessary nutrients to promote their healthy growth. With the development of modern agricultural technology, fertilization methods are gradually developing in a more precise and efficient direction.

[0003] With the development of agricultural mechanization and precision agriculture, fertilization devices with multiple tubular discharge channels have gradually attracted attention. This device can deliver fertilizer to multiple areas at the same time during the fertilization process by setting up multiple discharge channels, significantly improving the uniformity and efficiency of fertilization.

[0004] However, when the fertilizer is released from the box or hopper into the fertilizer pipe, the friction between the particles and the pipe wall consumes some energy, resulting in a decrease in flow rate. The degree of this friction may vary in different channels, resulting in inconsistent flow rates in each channel. When the valve opens and closes to release the fertilizer particles, due to inconsistent flow rates, some channels may have excessive flow while others may have insufficient flow. The amount of fertilizer applied is difficult to control accurately, resulting in uneven fertilizer application in each pipe, affecting the uniform growth and nutrient supply of crops. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an agricultural planting fertilization device and a fertilization method, aiming to alleviate the above-mentioned problems at least to a certain extent.

[0006] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: An agricultural planting and fertilizing device, comprising: Material box; A hopper is arranged in the material box, and a distribution box is arranged at the bottom of the hopper; A plurality of fertilizer pipes are arranged at the bottom of the distribution box, and the fertilizer pipes can slide laterally at the bottom of the distribution box; Two partitions provided in the hopper, used for opening and closing the hopper; A distribution plate disposed in the distribution box, used to push the fertilizer in the distribution box into the fertilizer pipe; A baffle plate disposed at the bottom of the fertilizer pipe, used for opening and closing the fertilizer pipe; A fertilizing component disposed in the material box, used to move the distribution plate, the fertilizing component can move the partition to open and close the hopper when the distribution plate is moved, and release the fertilizer particles in the hopper into the distribution box, and the fertilizing component can also drive the baffle to move when the distribution plate moves to a predetermined position, and release the fertilizer particles in the fertilizing pipe; An adjusting component provided between the material box and the fertilizer pipe, used for adjusting the volume of the fertilizer pipe, wherein the adjusting component can simultaneously limit the moving distance of the partition plate when adjusting the volume of the fertilizer pipe, and control the opening range of the hopper; Wherein, when the fertilizing component is working, the plurality of fertilizing tubes can reciprocate along a predetermined path.

[0007] Preferably, the fertilizing component includes a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the distribution box, a gear a is connected to the rotating shaft, the distribution box is also rotatably connected to a connecting shaft, a gear b matched with the gear a is connected to the connecting shaft, a spring a is connected between the gear b and the material box, a traction rope a is wound on the connecting shaft, a screw a is rotatably connected to the distribution box, the distribution plate is threadedly connected to the screw a, one end of the traction rope a is wound on the screw a, a spring b is connected between the screw a and the distribution box, the gear a is an incomplete gear, and the screw a is a reciprocating screw.

[0008] Preferably, the lead screw a is connected to a reel, one end of the traction rope a is wound around the reel, the spring b is connected between the reel and the distribution box, and a ratchet mechanism is provided between the reel and the lead screw a.

[0009] Preferably, the distribution plate includes a connecting rod slidably connected to the distribution box, a connecting strip threadedly connected to the lead screw a is slidably connected to the connecting rod, a spring c is connected between the connecting strip and the connecting rod, a push plate is slidably connected to the bottom of the connecting rod, a spring d is connected between the push plate and the connecting rod, connecting rails are respectively connected to the two sides of the interior of the distribution box, and two diamond bars are connected to the top of the connecting rails.

[0010] Preferably, the fertilizing component also includes a rack a connected to the partition, a gear c is meshed between the racks a on the two partitions, a screw b is rotatably connected to the hopper, the screw b is threadedly connected to one of the partitions, a gear d is connected to the screw b, a spring e is connected between the gear d and the hopper, a rack b meshed with the gear d is slidably connected to the hopper, a connecting port is provided on the rack b, a traction shaft is rotatably connected in the connecting port, a spring f is connected between the traction shaft and the connecting port, a spring g is connected between the rack b and the hopper, a traction rope b is connected to the connecting strip, and the traction rope b passes through the distribution box, the hopper, and the rack b, extends to the connecting port and is wound around the traction shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the outside of the screw b is fixedly connected with a connecting ring, the connecting ring is rotatably connected to the screw b, the gear d is rotatably connected to the connecting ring, the outer wall of the connecting ring is provided with a plurality of connecting grooves, a spring rod is slidably connected in the connecting groove, the inner wall of the gear d is provided with a plurality of grooves which are adapted to the spring rod, and the grooves are semi-spherical grooves.

[0012] Preferably, the fertilizing component also includes a rack c slidably connected to the material box, the rack c is meshed with the gear b, a push rod is connected to the bottom of the rack c, a spring h is connected between the baffle and the material box, a motor is connected to the material box, and a drive shaft of the motor is connected to the rotating shaft.

[0013] Preferably, a bottom opening is provided at the bottom of the distribution box, connecting blocks are respectively connected to the inner sides of the bottom opening, a connecting plate is slidably connected between the two connecting blocks, the fertilizer pipe is fixedly sleeved on the connecting plate, a spring i is connected between the connecting block and the connecting plate, a support rod is connected to the bottom of the connecting plate, a turntable is connected to the rotating shaft, and a plurality of bosses are connected to the turntable.

[0014] Preferably, the adjusting component includes a baffle slidably connected to both sides of the fertilization pipe, a spring j is connected between the baffle and the fertilization pipe, one side of the baffle is connected to an inclined slide rail, both sides of the material box are slidably connected to adjustment frames, the adjusting frames are connected to limit rods slidably connected to the inclined slide rails, the bottom of the material box is rotatably connected to a lead screw c, the lead screw c is threadedly connected to the adjusting frame, the top of the adjusting frame is connected to a rack d, the material box is rotatably connected to a lead screw d, the lead screw d is threadedly connected to a limit bar slidably connected to the hopper, and the lead screw d is connected to a gear e meshing with the rack d.

[0015] An agricultural planting and fertilizing method is applicable to any of the agricultural planting and fertilizing devices described above, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: The fertilizer particles are stored in the material box and received by the hopper, and the bottom of the hopper is closed by two partitions; Step 2: When applying fertilizer, start the fertilizing component, which moves the position of the distribution plate. When the distribution plate moves, the fertilizing component moves the positions of the two partitions. The movement and resetting of the two partitions can open the bottom of the hopper, and the fertilizer particles in the hopper fall into the distribution box; Step 3: When the distribution plate moves, the fertilizer particles are pushed into the fertilizer pipe. For the fertilizer pipe that is not fully filled, the fertilizer particles continue to be collected. For the fertilizer pipe that is fully filled and overflowing, the distribution plate is moved to level it. The distribution plate moves back and forth along the predetermined path in the distribution box for multiple times to fill and level multiple fertilizer pipes. Step 4: The distribution plate stops when it has moved multiple times and resets to the initial position, and the fertilization component can move the baffle to open the fertilization pipe, and the fertilizer particles are evenly released from the bottom of the fertilization pipe to the predetermined area; Step 5: While the fertilizing component is executing steps 1 to 4, the multiple fertilizing tubes reciprocate along a predetermined path, causing slight shaking of the fertilizer particles inside the fertilizing tubes.

[0016] In summary, the present invention mainly has the following beneficial effects: The present invention realizes efficient storage and precise application of fertilizer particles by providing a material box and its supporting fertilizer application components, and solves the problem in the prior art that when filling multiple fertilizer application channels with fertilizer particles, the amount of fertilizer application is difficult to control due to the different friction coefficients of each channel. Specifically, the operator can pre-store the fertilizer particles in the material box, which is received by the hopper and the bottom is closed by two partitions, effectively preventing the loss of fertilizer particles. During the fertilization process, the start of the fertilizer application component enables the movement of the distribution plate and the partition to be accurately controlled to ensure that the fertilizer particles are released as needed. At the same time, the reciprocating movement of the distribution plate ensures that the fertilizer particles dispersed in the distribution box can be evenly pushed into each fertilizer pipe, so that the amount of fertilizer in each fertilizer pipe is the same. In this process, the fertilizer particles are slightly shaken by the short-distance reciprocating movement of the fertilizer pipe, which makes the particle distribution more uniform and dense, thereby avoiding gaps and unevenness, and improving the fluidity and smooth release of the fertilizer particles. The dynamic adjustment mechanism of the present invention allows operators to flexibly adjust the volume of the fertilizer pipe and the opening and closing range of the partition according to the terrain and crop needs, ensuring that the fertilizer release amount is moderate under different fertilizer application requirements. This precise control method enables the fertilization system to adapt to the requirements of different terrain undulations and crop types, and effectively meet the optimal nutrient supply of various crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the hopper structure of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged local structure at point A in the middle; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution box structure of the present invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at B in the middle; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the partition structure of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution plate structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reel of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rack b of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of gear d of the present invention; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the baffle structure of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the connection plate structure of the present invention; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fertilizer pipe of the present invention; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the support rod structure of the present invention.

[0018] Reference numerals: 100, material box; 101, material hopper; 102, distribution box; 103, fertilizer pipe; 104, partition; 105, distribution plate; 106, baffle; 200, rotating shaft; 201, gear a; 202, connecting shaft; 203, gear b; 204, spring a; 205, traction rope a; 206, lead screw a; 207, spring b; 208, reel; 209, ratchet mechanism; 300, connecting rod; 301, connecting strip; 302, spring c; 303, push plate; 304, spring d; 305, connecting track; 306, diamond strip; 400, rack a; 401, gear c; 402, lead screw b; 403, gear d; 404, spring e; 405, rack b; 406, connection port; 407, traction shaft; 408, spring f; 409, spring g; 410, traction rope b; 411, connection ring; 412, connection groove; 413, spring rod; 414, groove; 500, rack c; 501, push rod; 502, spring h; 503, motor; 504, bottom opening; 505, connecting block; 506, connecting plate; 507, spring i; 508, support rod; 509, turntable; 510, boss; 600, stopper; 601, spring j; 602, inclined slide rail; 603, adjustment frame; 604, limit rod; 605, lead screw c; 606, rack d; 607, lead screw d; 608, limit strip; 609, gear e. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] refer to Figure 1-Figure 14 , an agricultural planting fertilization device, comprising: Material box 100; A hopper 101 is disposed in the material box 100, and a distribution box 102 is disposed at the bottom of the hopper 101; A plurality of fertilizer pipes 103 are provided at the bottom of the distribution box 102, and the fertilizer pipes 103 can slide horizontally at the bottom of the distribution box 102; Two partitions 104 provided in the hopper 101 are used to open and close the hopper 101; A distribution plate 105 disposed in the distribution box 102 is used to push the fertilizer in the distribution box 102 into the fertilizer pipe 103; The baffle 106 disposed at the bottom of the fertilizer pipe 103 is used to open and close the fertilizer pipe 103; The fertilizing component provided in the material box 100 is used to move the distribution plate 105. The fertilizing component can move the partition plate 104 to open and close the hopper 101 when the distribution plate 105 is moved, and release the fertilizer particles in the hopper 101 into the distribution box 102. The fertilizing component can also drive the baffle plate 106 to move when the distribution plate 105 moves to a predetermined position, and release the fertilizer particles in the fertilizing pipe 103; The adjusting component provided between the material box 100 and the fertilizer pipe 103 is used to adjust the volume of the fertilizer pipe 103. When adjusting the volume of the fertilizer pipe 103, the adjusting component can simultaneously limit the moving distance of the partition 104 and control the opening range of the hopper 101; When the fertilization component is working, the multiple fertilization tubes 103 can reciprocate along a predetermined path; By setting up the material box 100, the operator can pre-store the fertilizer particles in the material box 100, which are received by the hopper 101. The bottom of the hopper 101 is closed by two partitions 104 to prevent the loss of fertilizer particles. When fertilizing, the fertilization component can be started, and the fertilization component can move the position of the distribution plate 105. When the distribution plate 105 moves, the fertilization component can move the positions of the two partitions 104. The movement and resetting of the two partitions 104 can open and close the bottom of the hopper 101, and the fertilizer particles in the hopper 101 can fall into the distribution box 102. In this process, since the range and time of opening and closing the hopper 101 by the partition 104 are limited, the fertilizer particles can be controlled. The amount of falling, the positions of multiple fertilizer pipes 103 correspond to the bottom of the hopper 101, and the released part of the fertilizer particles can directly fall into the fertilizer pipe 103. The fertilizer particles scattered in the distribution box 102 can be distributed by the set distribution plate 105. When the distribution plate 105 moves, the fertilizer particles can be pushed into the fertilizer pipe 103. For the fertilizer pipe 103 that is not filled, the fertilizer particles will continue to be stored. The filled and overflowing fertilizer pipe 103 can be scraped flat by the movement of the distribution plate 105. The distribution plate 105 moves back and forth along the predetermined path in the distribution box 102 for many times, and will pass through the top of the fertilizer pipe 103 for many times, so that multiple fertilizer pipes 103 can be filled. When the distribution plate 105 has completed multiple movements and resets to the initial position, it stops, and the fertilizing component can move the baffle 106 to open the fertilizing tube 103. When the fertilizing component drives the baffle 106 to open the fertilizing tube 103, the filled fertilizer particles are evenly released from the bottom of the fertilizing tube 103 to the predetermined area, so as to achieve precise fertilization. In addition, when the fertilizing component performs the operation of the above-mentioned components, the multiple fertilizing tubes 103 can also move back and forth along the predetermined path. During this process, when the hopper 101 releases the fertilizer, the fertilizing tube 103 can be replaced to receive the fertilizer particles. Each fertilizing tube 103 can receive the fertilizer well, and the distribution plate 105 moves to push the fertilizer to the fertilizing tube. When the fertilizer is in the tube 103, the overflowing fertilizer particles are pushed to the surrounding gap area by the distribution plate 105, and are gradually filled into the fertilizer tube 103 that has not been filled as the fertilizer tube 103 is replaced, thereby achieving uniform feeding of each fertilizer tube 103, and, in the filling process, the short-distance reciprocating movement of the fertilizer tube 103 causes a slight shaking of the fertilizer particles inside it, making the particle distribution more uniform and dense, avoiding gaps or unevenness, and also facilitating the subsequent release of fertilizer to avoid blockage, thereby improving the fluidity and smooth release of the fertilizer particles. At the same time, the reciprocating movement path of the fertilizer tube 103 covers different positions of the predetermined area, making the fertilizer distribution more extensive and uniform.Furthermore, different crops require different nutrients, and the amount of fertilizer will also be different. During the entire fertilization process, the operator can dynamically adjust the volume of the fertilizer pipe 103 according to the terrain and crop needs through the adjustment components. When the volume of the fertilizer pipe 103 becomes smaller, the moving distance of the partition 104 is synchronously shortened, and the opening and closing range of the partition 104 is controlled to ensure that after the volume of the fertilizer pipe 103 becomes smaller, the amount of fertilizer released from the hopper 101 into the distribution box 102 will not be too much, causing too much fertilizer to remain in the distribution box 102. With the dynamic coordination of the volume of the fertilizer pipe 103 and the opening and closing range of the partition 104, the fertilization system can be flexibly adjusted to the needs of different terrain undulations and crop types to meet the optimal nutrient supply of various crops. The overall design ensures the organic unity of fertilizer amount, fertilizer range and fertilization uniformity through precise component linkage and path coverage, providing an efficient and controllable fertilization solution for agricultural planting, greatly improving the utilization rate of fertilizers and the growth quality of crops, further achieving the effect of saving fertilizer and increasing yields, and solving the problem of uneven fertilization caused by differences in particle friction when distributing fertilizer particles to various fertilization channels in the existing technology.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention, the fertilizing component includes a rotating shaft 200 rotatably connected to the distribution box 102, a gear a201 is connected to the rotating shaft 200, the distribution box 102 is also rotatably connected to a connecting shaft 202, a gear b203 adapted to the gear a201 is connected to the connecting shaft 202, a spring a204 is connected between the gear b203 and the material box 100, a traction rope a205 is wound on the connecting shaft 202, a lead screw a206 is rotatably connected to the distribution box 102, the distribution plate 105 is threadedly connected to the lead screw a206, one end of the traction rope a205 is wound on the lead screw a206, a spring b207 is connected between the lead screw a206 and the distribution box 102, the gear a201 is an incomplete gear, and the lead screw a206 is a reciprocating lead screw; By setting the rotating shaft 200, when in use, the rotating shaft 200 can be rotated. The rotation of the rotating shaft 200 can rotate the gear a201. When the gear a201 rotates to a predetermined angle, it can mesh with the gear b203 and drive the gear b203 and the connecting shaft 202 to rotate. When the connecting shaft 202 rotates, the traction rope a205 can be wound up to drive the screw a206 to rotate. At this time, the spring b207 twists to generate potential energy. When the screw a206 rotates, the distribution plate 105 can be moved. When the rotating shaft 200 rotates one circle, the connecting shaft 202 can be rotated two circles through the cooperation of the gear a201 and the gear b203. The screw a206 can be rotated to allow the distribution plate 105 to reciprocate multiple times along the predetermined path, so that the distribution plate 105 can push the fertilizer particles through multiple fertilizer tubes 103, thereby achieving the purpose of distributing the fertilizer and filling multiple fertilizer tubes 103 with fertilizer particles.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention, a reel 208 is connected to the lead screw a206, one end of the traction rope a205 is wound around the reel 208, a spring b207 is connected between the reel 208 and the distribution box 102, and a ratchet mechanism 209 is provided between the reel 208 and the lead screw a206; By setting a ratchet mechanism 209, the ratchet mechanism 209 can control the rotation direction of the screw a206. When the gear a201 is disengaged from the gear b203 after the driving shaft rotates one circle, the spring a204 and the spring b207 release the potential energy, the connecting shaft 202 resets and rotates to rewind the traction rope a205 again, and the reeling shaft 208 resets and rotates to release the traction rope a205, preparing for the next rotation of the screw a206. During this process, due to the existence of the ratchet mechanism 209, the screw a206 will no longer be driven to rotate, avoiding affecting the position of the distribution plate 105. This design avoids unnecessary interference caused by the rotation of the screw a206 and ensures the precise positioning of the distribution plate 105 during fertilization.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention, the distribution plate 105 includes a connecting rod 300 slidably connected to the distribution box 102, a connecting strip 301 threadedly connected to the lead screw a206 is slidably connected to the connecting rod 300, a spring c302 is connected between the connecting strip 301 and the connecting rod 300, a push plate 303 is slidably connected to the bottom of the connecting rod 300, a spring d304 is connected between the push plate 303 and the connecting rod 300, and connecting rails 305 are respectively connected to the two sides of the inside of the distribution box 102, and two diamond bars 306 are connected to the top of the connecting rail 305; By setting the connecting rod 300, the height of the connecting rod 300 is flush with the height of the diamond bar 306. When the lead screw a206 rotates, the connecting rod 300 and the push plate 303 can be moved through the connecting bar 301. When the connecting bar 301 contacts a sloped surface of the diamond bar 306, the connecting rod 300 can move downward, the spring d304 is compressed, the spring c302 is compressed to generate potential energy, the connecting rod 300 slides along the bottom of the diamond bar 306, and the push plate 303 slides close to the inner bottom surface of the distribution box 102. When the connecting rod 300 moves to the position of another diamond bar 306, the connecting rod 300 contacts another sloped surface of the diamond bar 306, allowing the connecting rod 300 to move upward, the spring c302 is stretched to generate potential energy, and the connecting rod 300 slides on the top of the diamond bar 306. The connecting rod 300 can be moved upward. The spring d304 pulls the push plate 303 to form a certain distance between the bottom of the push plate 303 and the inner bottom surface of the distribution box 102, that is, when the push plate 303 is about to move to the two sides of the distribution box 102, the push plate 303 can be lifted upward and no longer push the fertilizer particles. When the push plate 303 moves to the two sides of the distribution box 102 and reaches the limit position, the push plate 303 can be reset and contact the inner bottom surface of the distribution box 102 again. When the push plate 303 moves toward the fertilizer pipe 103, it can move close to the inner bottom surface of the distribution box 102 to push the fertilizer particles into the fertilizer pipe 103. The purpose of this design is to prevent the push plate 303 from moving to the inner sides of the distribution box 102 instead of distributing the fertilizer particles in the fertilizer pipe 103, resulting in accumulation of fertilizer particles.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention, the fertilizing component also includes a rack a400 connected to the partition 104, a gear c401 is meshed between the racks a400 on the two partitions 104, a lead screw b402 is rotatably connected to the hopper 101, the lead screw b402 is threadedly connected to one of the partitions 104, a gear d403 is connected to the lead screw b402, a spring e404 is connected between the gear d403 and the hopper 101, and a spring e404 is slidably connected to the gear d403 on the hopper 101. The meshing rack b405 has a connection port 406, a traction shaft 407 is rotatably connected in the connection port 406, a spring f408 is connected between the traction shaft 407 and the connection port 406, a spring g409 is connected between the rack b405 and the hopper 101, a traction rope b410 is connected to the connection bar 301, and the traction rope b410 passes through the distribution box 102, the hopper 101, and the rack b405 and extends to the connection port 406 and is wound on the traction shaft 407; By setting the traction rope b410, when the lead screw a206 rotates to move the connecting bar 301, the traction rope b410 can be pulled, and the elastic potential energy of the spring f408 is greater than that of the spring g409 and the spring e404. When the traction rope b410 is stressed, the traction shaft 407 can be pulled to move the rack b405 upward. At this time, the lead screw b402 can be rotated through the gear d403, and the rotation of the lead screw b402 can be used to displace one of the partitions 104. In this process, the rack a400 and the gear c401 can be used to synchronously displace the other partition 104 to achieve the purpose of opening the hopper 101. When the connecting rod 300 gradually moves with the rotation of the lead screw a206, the rack b405 is pulled up to a predetermined position and then disengaged from the gear d403. At this time, the gear d403 can be reset and rotated by the force of the spring e404 to reset the position of the two partitions 104 to close the hopper 101, block the fertilizer particles from continuing to fall, and prevent too much fertilizer from being released into the distribution box 102. When the connecting rod 300 continues to move, due to the limited moving distance of the rack b405, when the rack b405 moves to the extreme position, the traction rope b410 can allow the winding shaft 208 to rotate to avoid the problem of motion conflict. In addition, through this setting, as the screw a206 rotates to allow the distribution plate 105 to reciprocate multiple times in the distribution box 102, the hopper 101 is opened and closed multiple times, which is conducive to accurately controlling the release amount of the fertilizer and avoiding too many fertilizer particles falling at one time, affecting the distribution of the distribution plate 105.

[0025] As a further solution of the present invention, a connecting ring 411 is fixedly connected to the outside of the lead screw b402, and the connecting ring 411 is rotatably connected to the lead screw b402. The gear d403 is rotatably connected to the connecting ring 411. The outer wall of the connecting ring 411 is provided with a plurality of connecting grooves 412. A spring rod 413 is slidably connected in the connecting groove 412. The inner wall of the gear d403 is provided with a plurality of grooves 414, which are adapted to the spring rod 413, and the grooves 414 are semi-spherical grooves. By setting the spring rod 413, the cooperation between the spring rod 413 and the groove 414 can generate a certain friction force. When the gear d403 rotates, the screw b402 can be rotated by the friction force. When the partition 104 moves to the extreme position, the rotation of the screw b402 is restricted, and the groove 414 presses the spring rod 413 and can be disengaged from the spring rod 413. The gear d403 can idle on the outer wall of the screw b402. When the volume of the fertilizer pipe 103 and the moving distance of the partition 104 are adjusted through the adjusting components later, they can be adapted to avoid the problem that the moving distance of the partition 104 cannot be adjusted.

[0026] As a further solution of the present invention, the fertilizing component also includes a rack c500 slidably connected to the material box 100, the rack c500 is meshed with the gear b203, a push rod 501 is connected to the bottom of the rack c500, a spring h502 is connected between the baffle 106 and the material box 100, a motor 503 is connected to the material box 100, and a drive shaft of the motor 503 is connected to the rotating shaft 200; By setting the motor 503, when working, the motor 503 can be started, and the rotation of the driving shaft of the motor 503 can make the rotating shaft 200 rotate, so that the gear a201, the gear b203 and the connecting shaft 202 rotate, and the rack c500 can be moved when the gear a201 rotates by a preset angle and the gear b203 rotates by a preset number of circles, and the distribution plate 105 is about to move to the initial position, the gear b203 moves the rack c500 to the preset position, and the position of the baffle 106 can be pushed by the push rod 501, and the baffle 106 is displaced, which can The spring h502 generates potential energy. When the baffle 106 moves away from the fertilizer pipe 103, the fertilizer pipe 103 can be opened to carry out fertilization. When the gear b203 is reset and rotated by the potential energy of the spring a204, the rack c500 follows and gradually leaves the baffle 106. The baffle 106 is reset by the potential energy of the spring h502 to close the fertilizer pipe 103 again to complete the fertilization. The system will automatically enter the ready state to facilitate the start of the next fertilization cycle. Specifically, the speed of the drive shaft of the motor 503 can be controlled according to the actual situation of fertilization to control the frequency of fertilization.

[0027] As a further solution of the present invention, a bottom opening 504 is provided at the bottom of the distribution box 102, and connecting blocks 505 are connected to both sides of the bottom opening 504, and a connecting plate 506 is slidably connected between the two connecting blocks 505. The fertilizer pipe 103 is fixedly sleeved on the connecting plate 506, and a spring i507 is connected between the connecting block 505 and the connecting plate 506. A support rod 508 is connected to the bottom of the connecting plate 506, and a rotating disk 509 is connected to the rotating shaft 200, and a plurality of bosses 510 are connected to the rotating disk 509; By setting the turntable 509, when the rotating shaft 200 is driven by the motor 503 to rotate so that the fertilizing component works, the turntable 509 rotates accordingly, and the multiple bosses 510 set can contact and touch the support rod 508, so that the connecting plate 506 can be moved through the support rod 508. When the connecting plate 506 moves, it can compress the spring i507. When the boss 510 is separated from the support rod 508, the spring i507 releases the potential energy to reset the connecting plate 506. In this process, the fertilizer pipe 103 can follow the connecting plate 506 to move back and forth along a predetermined path, thereby achieving the purpose of shaking the fertilizer pipe 103 and promoting the uniform distribution and release of fertilizer in the fertilizer pipe 103.

[0028] As a further solution of the present invention, the adjusting component includes a baffle 600 slidably connected to both sides of the fertilizer pipe 103, a spring j601 is connected between the baffle 600 and the fertilizer pipe 103, one side of the baffle 600 is connected to an inclined slide rail 602, and both sides of the material box 100 are slidably connected to an adjusting frame 603, and the adjusting frame 603 is connected to a limit rod 604 slidably connected to the inclined slide rail 602, and the bottom of the material box 100 is rotatably connected to a lead screw c605, and the lead screw c605 is threadedly connected to the adjusting frame 603, and the top of the adjusting frame 603 is connected to a rack d606, and the material box 100 is rotatably connected to a lead screw d607, and the lead screw d607 is threadedly connected to a limit bar 608 slidably connected to the hopper 101, and the lead screw d607 is connected to a gear e609 meshing with the rack d606; By setting the lead screw c605, when in use, the lead screw c605 can be rotated. The rotation of the lead screw c605 can allow the adjustment frame 603 to move upward. The upward movement of the adjustment frame 603 can adjust the position of the baffle 600 through the limit rod 604 and the inclined slide rail 602. The baffle 600 moves closer to the central axis of the fertilizer pipe 103, which can achieve the purpose of reducing the volume of the fertilizer pipe 103. When the adjustment frame 603 moves upward, the lead screw d607 can be rotated through the rack d606 and the gear e609 to adjust the position of the limit bar 608. The limit bar 608 moves toward the partition 104, which can shorten the distance between the partition 104 and the limit bar 608, thereby limiting the movement distance of the partition 104, and achieving the purpose of regulating the opening and closing range of the partition 104, thereby effectively controlling the amount of fertilizer.

[0029] As a further solution of the present invention, the material box 100 is provided with an air booster pump, a pressure monitor is provided inside the material box 100, and a controller is provided on the material box 100; By setting up an air booster pump, the air pressure in the material box 100 can be effectively increased to ensure that the fertilizer particles can be smoothly released into the distribution box 102. The air booster pump forms a certain air pressure by injecting air into the material box 100. This pressure helps to push the fertilizer particles to flow quickly and evenly under the combined action of gravity and air pressure, preventing fertilizer from accumulating or clogging in the material box 100. The pressure monitor is used to monitor the pressure changes in the material box 100 in real time. By accurately measuring the pressure, it can be fed back to the controller in time to ensure that the pressure in the material box 100 remains within the optimal range. This monitoring mechanism not only helps to optimize the fertilizer release rate during fertilization, but also prevents the fertilizer from flowing smoothly or damaging the equipment due to excessively high or low pressure. The controller plays a core control role in the entire system. By receiving data fed back by the pressure monitor, the controller can intelligently adjust the working state of the air booster pump. For example, when the pressure is detected to be too low, the controller can automatically start the air booster pump to increase the pressure; conversely, when the pressure is too high, the controller can reduce the operating frequency of the pump to maintain the safety and stability of the system.

[0030] An agricultural planting and fertilizing method is applicable to any of the agricultural planting and fertilizing devices described above, and the specific steps are as follows: Step 1: The fertilizer particles are pre-stored in the material box 100 and received by the hopper 101, and the bottom of the hopper 101 is closed by two partitions 104; Step 2: When applying fertilizer, start the fertilizing component, which moves the position of the distribution plate 105. When the distribution plate 105 moves, the fertilizing component moves the positions of the two partitions 104. The movement and resetting of the two partitions 104 can open the bottom of the hopper 101, and the fertilizer particles in the hopper 101 fall into the distribution box 102. Step 3: The distribution plate 105 pushes the fertilizer particles into the fertilizer tube 103 when it moves. The fertilizer tube 103 that is not fully filled continues to receive the fertilizer particles. The fertilizer tube 103 that is fully filled or overflowing is leveled by the movement of the distribution plate 105. The distribution plate 105 reciprocates along a predetermined path in the distribution box 102 for multiple times to fill and level multiple fertilizer tubes 103. Step 4: The distribution plate 105 stops when it has moved multiple times and resets to the initial position, and the fertilization component can move the baffle 106 to open the fertilization pipe 103, and the fertilizer particles are evenly released from the bottom of the fertilization pipe 103 to the predetermined area; Step 5: While the fertilizing component executes steps 1 to 4, the multiple fertilizing tubes 103 reciprocate along a predetermined path, causing slight shaking of the fertilizer particles inside the fertilizing tubes 103 .

[0031] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An agricultural planting and fertilization device, characterized in that: include: Bin(100); A hopper (101) is arranged in the material box (100), and a distribution box (102) is arranged at the bottom of the hopper (101); A plurality of fertilizer pipes (103) are arranged at the bottom of the distribution box (102), and the fertilizer pipes (103) are capable of sliding laterally at the bottom of the distribution box (102); Two partitions (104) disposed in the hopper (101) and used for opening and closing the hopper (101); A distribution plate (105) disposed in the distribution box (102) and used to push the fertilizer in the distribution box (102) into the fertilizer pipe (103); A baffle (106) provided at the bottom of the fertilization pipe (103) and used for opening and closing the fertilization pipe (103); A fertilizing component disposed in the material box (100) is used to move the distribution plate (105). The fertilizing component can move the partition plate (104) to open and close the hopper (101) when the distribution plate (105) is moved, thereby releasing the fertilizer particles in the hopper (101) into the distribution box (102). The fertilizing component can also drive the baffle plate (106) to move when the distribution plate (105) moves to a predetermined position, thereby releasing the fertilizer particles in the fertilizing tube (103); An adjusting component provided between the material box (100) and the fertilizer pipe (103), used for adjusting the volume of the fertilizer pipe (103); when adjusting the volume of the fertilizer pipe (103), the adjusting component can simultaneously limit the moving distance of the partition (104) and control the opening range of the hopper (101); Wherein, when the fertilizing component is working, the plurality of fertilizing tubes (103) can reciprocate along a predetermined path.

2. The agricultural planting and fertilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizing component comprises a rotating shaft (200) rotatably connected to the distribution box (102), a gear a (201) being connected to the rotating shaft (200), a connecting shaft (202) being rotatably connected to the distribution box (102), a gear b (203) matching the gear a (201) being connected to the connecting shaft (202), a spring a (204) being connected between the gear b (203) and the material box (100), and the connecting shaft (202 ) is wound with a traction rope a (205), the distribution box (102) is rotatably connected with a lead screw a (206), the distribution plate (105) is threadedly connected to the lead screw a (206), one end of the traction rope a (205) is wound on the lead screw a (206), a spring b (207) is connected between the lead screw a (206) and the distribution box (102), the gear a (201) is an incomplete gear, and the lead screw a (206) is a reciprocating lead screw.

3. The agricultural planting and fertilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lead screw a (206) is connected to a reel (208), one end of the traction rope a (205) is wound around the reel (208), the spring b (207) is connected between the reel (208) and the distribution box (102), and a ratchet mechanism (209) is provided between the reel (208) and the lead screw a (206).

4. The agricultural planting and fertilization device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The distribution plate (105) includes a connecting rod (300) slidably connected to the distribution box (102); a connecting strip (301) threadedly connected to the lead screw a (206) is slidably connected to the connecting rod (300); a spring c (302) is connected between the connecting strip (301) and the connecting rod (300); a push plate (303) is slidably connected to the bottom of the connecting rod (300); a spring d (304) is connected between the push plate (303) and the connecting rod (300); connecting rails (305) are respectively connected to the two sides of the inside of the distribution box (102); and two rhombus bars (306) are connected to the top of the connecting rail (305).

5. The agricultural planting and fertilizing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fertilizing component further comprises a rack a (400) connected to the partition (104), a gear c (401) meshing between the racks a (400) on the two partitions (104), a lead screw b (402) rotatably connected to the hopper (101), the lead screw b (402) being threadedly connected to one of the partitions (104), a gear d (403) being connected to the lead screw b (402), a spring e (404) being connected between the gear d (403) and the hopper (101), and a rack b (401) meshing with the gear d (403) being slidably connected to the hopper (101). 5), a connecting port (406) is provided on the rack b (405), a traction shaft (407) is rotatably connected in the connecting port (406), a spring f (408) is connected between the traction shaft (407) and the connecting port (406), a spring g (409) is connected between the rack b (405) and the hopper (101), a traction rope b (410) is connected to the connecting bar (301), and the traction rope b (410) passes through the distribution box (102), the hopper (101), and the rack b (405), extends to the connecting port (406), and is wound around the traction shaft (407).

6. The agricultural planting and fertilizing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outside of the lead screw b (402) is fixedly connected to a connecting ring (411), the connecting ring (411) is rotatably connected to the lead screw b (402), the gear d (403) is rotatably connected to the connecting ring (411), the outer wall of the connecting ring (411) is provided with a plurality of connecting grooves (412), a spring rod (413) is slidably connected in the connecting groove (412), the inner wall of the gear d (403) is provided with a plurality of grooves (414) adapted to the spring rod (413), the grooves (414) being semi-spherical grooves.

7. The agricultural planting and fertilizing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fertilizing component further comprises a rack c (500) slidably connected to the material box (100), the rack c (500) meshing with the gear b (203), a push rod (501) being connected to the bottom of the rack c (500), a spring h (502) being connected between the baffle (106) and the material box (100), a motor (503) being connected to the material box (100), and a drive shaft of the motor (503) being connected to the rotating shaft (200).

8. The agricultural planting and fertilizing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the distribution box (102) is provided with a bottom opening (504), the inner sides of the bottom opening (504) are respectively connected with connecting blocks (505), a connecting plate (506) is slidably connected between the two connecting blocks (505), the fertilizer pipe (103) is fixedly sleeved on the connecting plate (506), a spring i (507) is connected between the connecting block (505) and the connecting plate (506), a supporting rod (508) is connected to the bottom of the connecting plate (506), a rotating disk (509) is connected to the rotating shaft (200), and a plurality of bosses (510) are connected to the rotating disk (509).

9. The agricultural planting and fertilizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting component comprises a stopper (600) slidably connected to both sides of the fertilizer pipe (103); a spring j (601) is connected between the stopper (600) and the fertilizer pipe (103); one side of the stopper (600) is connected to an inclined slide rail (602); both sides of the material box (100) are slidably connected to an adjusting frame (603); the adjusting frame (603) is connected to a limiting rod (604) slidably connected to the inclined slide rail (602); the material box (100) ) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the adjusting frame (603), the adjusting frame (603) is threadedly connected to the top of the adjusting frame (603), the material box (100) is rotatably connected to a lead screw d (607), the lead screw d (607) is threadedly connected to a limit bar (608) slidably connected to the hopper (101), and the lead screw d (607) is connected to a gear e (609) meshing with the rack d (606).

10. An agricultural planting and fertilizing method, applicable to an agricultural planting and fertilizing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Pre-store the fertilizer particles in the material box (100) and receive them in the material hopper (101), and the bottom of the material hopper (101) is closed by two partitions (104); Step 2: When applying fertilizer, the fertilizer applying component is started, and the fertilizer applying component moves the position of the distribution plate (105). When the distribution plate (105) moves, the fertilizer applying component moves the positions of the two partitions (104). The movement and resetting of the two partitions (104) can open the bottom of the hopper (101), and the fertilizer particles in the hopper (101) fall into the distribution box (102); Step 3: When the distribution plate (105) moves, the fertilizer particles are pushed into the fertilizer tube (103). For the fertilizer tube (103) that is not fully filled, the fertilizer particles continue to be stored. For the fertilizer tube (103) that is fully filled or overflowing, the distribution plate (105) is moved to level it. The distribution plate (105) moves back and forth along a predetermined path in the distribution box (102) for multiple times to fill and level the multiple fertilizer tubes (103); Step 4: the distribution plate (105) stops after completing multiple movements and resetting to the initial position, and the fertilization component is able to move the baffle (106) to open the fertilization pipe (103), and the fertilizer particles are evenly released from the bottom of the fertilization pipe (103) to the predetermined area; Step 5: While the fertilizing component is executing steps 1 to 4, the plurality of fertilizing tubes (103) reciprocate along a predetermined path, causing slight shaking of the fertilizer particles inside the fertilizing tubes (103).

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