Method for cultivating qiongzhuea bamboo shoots in rows

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bamboo forest cultivation, and discloses a qiongzhuea tumidinoda bamboo row-by-row cultivation method which is used for performing row-by-row cultivation management on a to-be-cultivated qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest and can simultaneously realize double growth of qiongzhuea tumidinoda and bamboo shoot materials. Then the underground stems are combed and cut off, so that the bamboo shoot growing rate and the bamboo yield are effectively increased, the yield of the bamboo shoots and the bamboo of the qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest is increased by 30% or above year by year on the original basis, the yield of the bamboo shoots and the bamboo in the third year can be increased by 120% or above, and the goals of stable yield and high yield are achieved. The bamboo shoots are concentrated in the bamboo shoot initial stage and the bamboo shoot later stage in the first row, and the grown bamboo shoots are reserved in the bamboo shoot middle stage and serve as mother bamboo culture finished materials. And digging all the bamboo shoots in the whole bamboo shoot growing period in the first bamboo shoot stage, the middle bamboo shoot stage and the later bamboo shoot stage in the second row, namely cultivating the bamboo shoots into bamboo shoot materials for eating. The qiongzhuea tumidinoda is concentrated in the first row, and a three-year-old qiongzhuea tumidinoda rod material is centrally cut once a year, so that materials are provided for process manufacturing of various qiongzhuea

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bamboo forest cultivation, and in particular relates to a method for cultivating bamboo shoots and branches of bamboo. Background Art

[0002] Qiongzhuea tumidissinoda is a bamboo species of the genus Qiongzhu of the subfamily Bambusoideae of the Poaceae family. It is also known as Fu Lao bamboo and Luohan bamboo. It is a small and medium-sized mixed bamboo species and belongs to the national third-level protected bamboo species. It is unique to the southwest region. Its natural distribution is limited to the narrow strip of land along the lower reaches of the Jinsha River in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces. As the modern distribution center of Qiongzhu, Zhaotong City's Qiongzhu resources account for more than 80% of the world's total Qiongzhu area. Qiongzhu culms are 2 to 8 meters high, with a breast diameter of 0.5 to 3.1 meters. The internodes are cylindrical. The shoot period of Qiongzhu is from March to April, the flowering period is from March to April, and the fruit period is from April to May. Qiongzhu shoots are sweet, fresh and tender, with superior quality. They are known as the "king of bamboo shoots". In recent years, the average market purchase price is 7 yuan / jin. The bamboo stalks are the best raw materials for making furniture, canes, daily necessities, high-end handicrafts and decorations. In recent years, the market purchase price of bamboo stalks with a diameter of more than 2.0 is 11 yuan per stalk, the average price of bamboo stalks with a diameter of 1.5 to 1.8 is 5 yuan per stalk, and the average price of bamboo stalks with a diameter of less than 1.5 is 6-8 yuan per stalk. Among them, three-year-old bamboo stalks are the most in-demand bamboo material in the market. However, the traditional production management of bamboo stalks is extensive, which has led to a year-on-year decrease in the yield and quality of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials, an increase in the number of bamboo stalks and bamboo shoots affected by diseases and insect pests, an increase in the density of disease and insect pest populations, and a significant decrease in the growth of bamboo materials and the yield of bamboo shoots.

[0003] At present, the Qiongzhu forest is usually only tended by cutting down old bamboos, adjusting the age structure of bamboo forests and applying fertilizers, so as to increase the yield of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials, but the operation is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In the first year of using the above method, the yield of bamboo shoots in the Qiongzhu forest increased by 34.2%, and the yield of bamboo materials increased by 28.5%. In the second year, the yield of bamboo shoots in the Qiongzhu forest increased by 26%, and the yield of bamboo materials increased by about 39.5%. In the third year, the yield of bamboo shoots increased by 37%, and the yield of bamboo materials increased by about 112.2%. It can be seen that the yield of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in the existing methods is unstable, and it is impossible to achieve a stable and high yield of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials, and it fails to achieve the purpose of cultivating sustainable bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in the Qiongzhu forest. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for cultivating bamboo shoots and branches of Phyllostachys truncatula.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solutions of the present invention are as follows.

[0006] A method for cultivating bamboo shoots of bamboo branches, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Arrange the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated into a first row and a second row adjacent to each other; the sum of the widths of the first row and the second row is less than the average height of the Qiongzhu forest;

[0008] The width of the first row is 1 / 2 of the width of the second row, and the width of the first row is not less than 60cm to avoid affecting manual management; the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated refers to the low-yield and low-efficiency Qiongzhu forest;

[0009] The first row of above-ground bamboo forests will be completely felled, and the underground stems will be combed and cut off to promote the growth rate of bamboo shoots and the yield of bamboo materials in the current year. After felling, the land will be fully cultivated, fertilized, and covered with soil. Diseased and damaged bamboos will be harmlessly treated, and the three-year-old bamboo materials that meet market demand will be sold;

[0010] S2, early bamboo shoot period, i.e., from the beginning of bamboo shoots to the 10th day; picking all newly sprouted bamboo shoots in the second row and digging all newly sprouted bamboo shoots in the first row; bamboo shoots sprouted in the early bamboo shoot period are bamboo shoots that are 30cm to 40cm unearthed;

[0011] During the middle period of bamboo shoots, from the 11th to the 25th day after the emergence of bamboo shoots, all newly emerged bamboo shoots in the second row are dug out; bamboo shoots in the first row are retained and cultivated into bamboos;

[0012] In the late period of shoot growth, from the 26th day of shoot growth to the end of shoot growth, all shoots that are 30cm to 40cm tall in the first and second rows are dug up;

[0013] S3. Repeat steps S1 to S2 in the second and third years to cultivate the bamboo forest and complete the cultivation of bamboo shoots in rows.

[0014] Among them, felling is carried out along the mountain contour lines or in the north-south direction of flat land.

[0015] The present invention can achieve the dual growth of bamboo and bamboo shoots by carrying out row-by-row cultivation management on the bamboo forest to be cultivated. The bamboo shoots are concentrated in the early and late shoot stages of the first row, and the bamboo shoots produced in the middle shoot stage are retained and cultivated as mother bamboos. All bamboo shoots produced in the early, middle and late shoot stages of the second row are dug up, that is, only bamboo shoots are cultivated for consumption. The bamboo is concentrated in the first row, and three-year-old bamboo poles are harvested once a year to provide materials for the production of various types of bamboo furniture.

[0016] Preferably, the density of the first row and the second row of the bamboo forest in S1 is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 .

[0017] By regulating the density of the first row of bamboo, not only can the internal light of the bamboo forest as a whole be sufficient, but also the competition for nutrients between bamboo forest belts can be reduced, which will affect the later growth of bamboo. The felled bamboo stalks are basically retained in the bamboo forest, and the labor cost of removal is high. In production practice, the bamboo material utilization rate is low, the amount of wrong harvesting and missed harvesting is high, and the risk of bamboo forest diseases and insect pests is increased.

[0018] Preferably, the specific process of combing and cutting the underground stems in S1 is as follows:

[0019] Keep the one-year-old underground stems and cut off the underground stems that are two years old or older.

[0020] Qiongzhu belongs to the small and medium-sized mixed bamboos, which mainly expands its living space and increases the number of ramets through asexual growth. The amount of its shoots is most closely related to the growth of the underground stems of 2-3-year-old ramets, and the annual growth length of the underground stems and the number of shoots formed directly affect the shoot rate and bamboo rate of the year. Therefore, the growth management of the underground stems of Qiongzhu directly affects the health of the Qiongzhu forest and the yield of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials. By retaining the one-year-old underground stems and cutting off the underground stems of 2-year-old and above, the underground stems can be effectively repaired, thereby significantly improving the shoot rate and bamboo rate.

[0021] Preferably, in the middle bamboo shoot stage described in S2, the density of the first row of newly grown bamboo shoots is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 .

[0022] Preferably, the initial bamboo shoot period in S2 is from the beginning of bamboo shoot growth to the 10th day; the middle bamboo shoot period is from the 11th day to the 25th day; and the late bamboo shoot period is from the 26th day to the end of bamboo shoot growth.

[0023] Preferably, after combing and cutting the underground stems in S2, fertilization is also included, and the fertilizer applied is at least one of organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer.

[0024] Preferably, the amount of organic fertilizer applied is 4.5 kg / m 2 ~5kg / m 2 The amount of compound fertilizer applied is 0.5 kg / m 2 ~0.7kg / m 2 .

[0025] Preferably, the cultivation of bamboo forest in S3 also includes pest control, and the specific method of pest control on the bamboo forest is as follows:

[0026] Hang black light lamps around the bamboo forest to prevent and control pests and diseases. The pests that cause the most harm to the degraded bamboo forest are mostly lepidoptera pests. Hanging black light lamps around the bamboo forest to lure and kill adult lepidoptera pests can achieve the goal of pest control.

[0027] Burning or making bamboo charcoal of the cut bamboo stalks is harmless treatment. Harmless treatment of the cut bamboo stalks can effectively reduce the number of pest sources and prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases to a great extent. In particular, the incidence of bamboo soot and rust can be reduced after harmless treatment.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] (1) The present invention can achieve the growth of both bamboo and bamboo shoots by carrying out row-by-row cultivation management on the bamboo forest to be cultivated, and then effectively improve the bamboo shoot growth rate and bamboo yield by combing and cutting the underground stems, so that the bamboo shoot and bamboo yield of the bamboo forest can be increased by more than 30% year by year on the original basis. By the third year, the bamboo shoot and bamboo yield can be increased by more than 120%, achieving the goal of stable and high yield.

[0030] (2) The present invention can effectively reduce the number of pest sources and the incidence of sooty mold and rust in bamboo forests by harmlessly treating the cut bamboo stalks. Black light lamps are hung at the edge of the bamboo forest to lure and kill adult lepidopteran pests, thereby achieving the purpose of insect prevention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 Flow chart of the cultivation method of bamboo branches of Qiongzhu bamboo shoots; A is a schematic diagram of bamboo felling in October and November of the first year of the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated, where the first line is c and the second line is a+b; B is a schematic diagram of bamboo felling in October and November of the second year of the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated, where the first line is c and the second line is a+b; C is a schematic diagram of bamboo felling in October and November of the third year of the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated, where the first line is b and the second line is x+a or c+x; D is a schematic diagram of bamboo shoot harvesting in the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated, where bamboo is felled in the first year and 3 bamboo shoots / m in the first row c are retained in March and April of the following year 2 ~4 plants / m 2 , a schematic diagram of harvesting all bamboo shoots that meet the harvesting specifications in the second row a+b; F is a schematic diagram of harvesting bamboo shoots in the cultivated bamboo forest, where bamboos are cut down in the second year and 3 bamboo shoots / m in the first row a are retained in March and April of the following year. 2 ~4 plants / m 2 , all bamboo shoots that meet the harvesting specifications in the second row b+c are harvested; E is to harvest bamboo shoots in the cultivated bamboo forest, that is, to cut down the bamboo in the third year and keep 3 bamboo shoots / m in the first row b from March to April of the following year 2 ~4 plants / m 2 , all the bamboo shoots that meet the picking specifications in the second row x+a or c+x are harvested. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the specific implementation of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solution in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, etc. used can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified.

[0034] In the process of managing the Qiongzhu forest, due to the long-term extensive management, the bamboos of different ages in the Qiongzhu forest are not structurally fit, which leads to the decrease in the yield of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials year by year, the increase in the number of pests and diseases, the increase in the density of pests and diseases, and the significant decrease in the growth of bamboo materials and the yield of bamboo shoots. In order to increase the yield of the Qiongzhu forest, the yield of bamboo shoots in the Qiongzhu forest is usually increased by simple tending.

[0035] At present, the commonly used cultivation method is to cut down old bamboos and apply fertilizers according to the high-yield cultivation technology requirements of Qiongzhu forests, as the age structure of bamboo stalks that make up the Qiongzhu forest per unit area is quite different from the structure of high-yield Qiongzhu forests. However, the above method is difficult to restore the growth of Qiongzhu forests and the yield of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in a short period of time, and this method cannot achieve stable and high yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in Qiongzhu forests, and the entire cultivation process consumes a lot of manpower and material resources.

[0036] The invention realizes a reasonable bamboo forest age structure ratio and bamboo material sales demand of the Qiongzhu forest by carrying out branch cultivation management on the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated, and gradually cuts down the mature bamboos required by the market in the bamboo forest belt for three years, so that the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated can not only improve the photosynthetic efficiency and bamboo forest growth, but also increase the Qiongzhu forest's ability to resist pests and diseases, wind and snow, and overturning. Then, by covering the soil and applying fertilizers, combing and cutting the underground stems, the bamboo shoot rate and the yield of bamboo materials are increased, the bamboo shoot yield of the Qiongzhu forest is stabilized, so as to achieve stable and high yield of the Qiongzhu forest, and realize sustainable use of bamboo shoots.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A method for cultivating bamboo shoots and bamboo branches of Psoralea corylifolia, as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0039] S1. From September to November, the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated is arranged into adjacent first and second rows, and the sum of the widths of the first and second rows is less than the average height of the Qiongzhu forest; among which, the width of the first row is 60 cm, and the width of the second row is 120 cm.

[0040] The specific operation process of the first row is as follows: after felling all the bamboo forests on the first row along the mountain contour line, the land is fully cultivated and tilled to a depth of 20 cm. During tillage, the underground stems are combed, and the one-year-old underground stems are retained and buried on the spot. The underground stems of two years and above are cut and buried on the spot. After the underground stems are combed and cut, the soil is irrigated with 5 kg / m 2 The fertilizer is spread at a dosage of 500 kg / m2 Farm organic fertilizer.

[0041] After the felled bamboo stalks are removed from the bamboo forest, they are burned or made into bamboo charcoal. The above method can effectively reduce the number of sources of pests and diseases and prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases to a great extent. In particular, by removing the felled bamboo stalks and disposing of them harmlessly, the incidence of sooty mold and rust of bamboo can be reduced.

[0042] The density of the first and second rows of the bamboo forest is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 .

[0043] S2, initial shoot stage, from the beginning of shoot emergence to the 10th day: all shoots in the first and second rows that are 20cm±1cm above the surface are dug up.

[0044] During the middle shoot period, from the 11th to the 25th day after the shoots emerge, all the shoots in the second row are dug up when they emerge 20cm±1cm; the newly emerged shoots in the first row are retained, and the density of strong bamboo poles is 3-4 plants / m 2 , cultivate into bamboo, and the remaining bamboo shoots will be harvested when they are 20cm±1cm unearthed.

[0045] In the late stage of bamboo shoot growth, that is, from the 25th day to the end of the growth of the year, all the new bamboo shoots in the first and second rows are harvested.

[0046] S3. In the second and third years, steps S1 to S2 are repeated to complete the cultivation of bamboo shoots in rows; and black light lamps are hung beside the bamboo forest to lure and kill adult lepidoptera pests to achieve the purpose of insect prevention.

[0047] By adopting the above method, the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials of the original low-yield and low-efficiency Qiongzhu forest can be fully cultivated in three years. During the three years of cultivation, the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials of the Qiongzhu forest will increase by more than 30% year by year on the basis of the original production. By the third year, the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials can achieve an increase of more than 120%.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] A method for cultivating bamboo shoots and bamboo branches of Psoralea corylifolia, comprising the following steps:

[0050] S1. From September to November, the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated is arranged into adjacent first and second rows, and the sum of the widths of the first and second rows is less than the average height of the Qiongzhu forest; among them, the width of the first row is 100 cm, and the width of the second row is 200 cm.

[0051] The specific operation process of the first row is as follows: after felling all the bamboo forests on the first row along the mountain contour line, the land is fully cultivated and tilled to a depth of 20 cm. During tillage, the underground stems are combed, and the one-year-old underground stems are retained and buried on the spot. The underground stems of two years and above are cut and buried on the spot. After the underground stems are combed and cut, the soil is irrigated with 5.5 kg / m 2 After the fertilizer is applied, cover the soil with a thickness of 10 cm. The fertilizer is 5 kg / m 2 Farm organic fertilizer and 0.5kg / m 2 The compound fertilizer is a commonly used fertilizer on the market, and the present invention will not repeat the compound fertilizer.

[0052] After the felled bamboo stalks are removed from the bamboo forest, they are burned or made into bamboo charcoal. The above method can effectively reduce the number of pest sources and prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases to a great extent. In particular, by removing the felled bamboo stalks and rendering them harmless, the incidence of soot mold and rust of bamboo can be reduced.

[0053] The density of the first and second rows of the bamboo forest is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 .

[0054] S2, initial shoot stage, from the beginning of shoot emergence to the 10th day: all shoots in the first and second rows that are 20cm±1cm above the surface are dug up.

[0055] During the middle shoot period, from the 11th to the 25th day after the shoots emerge, all shoots in the second row are dug up when they emerge 20cm±1cm; the newly emerged shoots in the first row are retained, and the density of strong bamboo poles is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 , cultivate into bamboo, and the remaining bamboo shoots can be harvested when they are 20cm±1cm unearthed.

[0056] In the late stage of bamboo shoot growth, that is, from the 25th day to the end of the growth of the year, all the new bamboo shoots in the first and second rows are harvested.

[0057] S3. In the second and third years, steps S1 to S2 are repeated to complete the cultivation of bamboo shoots in rows; and black light lamps are hung beside the bamboo forest to lure and kill adult lepidoptera pests to achieve the purpose of insect prevention.

[0058] By adopting the above method, the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials of the original low-yield and low-efficiency Qiongzhu forest can be fully cultivated in three years. During the three years of cultivation, the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials of the Qiongzhu forest will increase by more than 30% year by year on the basis of the original production. By the third year, the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials can achieve an increase of more than 120%.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] A method for cultivating bamboo shoots and bamboo branches of Psoralea corylifolia, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1. From September to November, the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated is arranged into adjacent first and second rows, and the sum of the widths of the first and second rows is less than the average height of the Qiongzhu forest; among them, the width of the first row is 70 cm, and the width of the second row is 140 cm.

[0062] The specific operation process of the first row is as follows: after felling all the bamboos on the first row along the mountain contour line, the land is fully cultivated and tilled to a depth of 20 cm. During tillage, the underground stems are combed, and the one-year-old underground stems are retained and buried on the spot. The underground stems of two years and above are cut and buried on the spot. After the underground stems are combed and cut, the soil is heated to 5.5 kg / m 2 After the fertilizer is applied, cover the soil with a thickness of 8 cm; the fertilizer is 5 kg / m 2 Farm organic fertilizer and 0.5kg / m 2 It is obtained by mixing compound fertilizers.

[0063] After the felled bamboo stalks are removed from the bamboo forest, they are burned or made into bamboo charcoal. The above method can effectively reduce the number of pest sources and prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases to a great extent. In particular, by removing the felled bamboo stalks and rendering them harmless, the incidence of soot mold and rust of bamboo can be reduced.

[0064] The density of the first and second rows of the bamboo forest is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 .

[0065] S2, initial shoot stage, from the beginning of shoot emergence to the 10th day: all shoots in the first and second rows that are 20cm±1cm above the surface are dug up.

[0066] During the middle shoot period, from the 11th to the 25th day after the shoots emerge, all shoots in the second row are dug up when they emerge 20cm±1cm; the newly emerged shoots in the first row are retained, and the density of strong bamboo poles is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 , cultivate into bamboo, and the remaining bamboo shoots can be harvested when they are about 20cm±1cm unearthed.

[0067] In the late stage of bamboo shoot growth, that is, from the 25th day to the end of the growth of the year, all the new bamboo shoots in the first and second rows are harvested.

[0068] S3. In the second and third years, steps S1 to S2 are repeated to complete the cultivation of bamboo shoots in rows; and black light lamps are hung beside the bamboo forest to lure and kill adult lepidoptera pests to achieve the purpose of insect prevention.

[0069] By adopting the above method, the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials of the original low-yield and low-efficiency Qiongzhu forest can be fully cultivated in three years. During the three years of cultivation, the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials of the Qiongzhu forest will increase by more than 30% year by year on the basis of the original production. By the third year, the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials can achieve an increase of more than 120%.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] A method for cultivating bamboo shoots and bamboo branches of Psoralea corylifolia, comprising the following steps:

[0072] S1. From September to November, the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated is arranged into adjacent first and second rows, and the sum of the widths of the first and second rows is less than the average height of the Qiongzhu forest; among them, the width of the first row is 80 cm, and the width of the second row is 160 cm.

[0073] The specific operation process of the first row is as follows: after felling all the bamboos on the first row along the mountain contour line, the land is fully cultivated and tilled to a depth of 20 cm. During tillage, the underground stems are combed, and the one-year-old underground stems are retained and buried on the spot. The underground stems of two years and above are cut and buried on the spot. After the underground stems are combed and cut, the soil is heated to 5.5 kg / m 2 After the fertilizer is applied, the soil is covered with 7cm of soil. The fertilizer is 5kg / m 2 Farm organic fertilizer and 0.5kg / m 2 It is obtained by mixing compound fertilizers.

[0074] After the felled bamboo stalks are removed from the bamboo forest, they are burned or made into bamboo charcoal. The above method can effectively reduce the number of pest sources and prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases to a great extent. In particular, by removing the felled bamboo stalks and rendering them harmless, the incidence of soot mold and rust of bamboo can be reduced.

[0075] The density of the first and second rows of the bamboo forest is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 .

[0076] S2, initial shoot stage, from the beginning of shoot emergence to the 10th day: all shoots in the first and second rows that are 20cm±1cm above the surface are dug up.

[0077] During the middle shoot period, from the 11th to the 25th day after the shoots emerge, all the shoots in the second row are dug up when they emerge 20cm±1cm; the newly emerged shoots in the first row are retained, and the density of strong bamboo poles is 3-4 plants / m 2 , cultivate into bamboo, and the remaining bamboo shoots can be harvested when they are about 20cm unearthed.

[0078] In the late stage of bamboo shoot growth, that is, from the 25th day to the end of the growth of the year, all the new bamboo shoots in the first and second rows are harvested.

[0079] S3. In the second and third years, steps S1 to S2 are repeated to complete the cultivation of bamboo shoots in rows; and black light lamps are hung beside the bamboo forest to lure and kill adult lepidoptera pests to achieve the purpose of insect prevention.

[0080] By adopting the above method, the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials of the original low-yield and low-efficiency Qiongzhu forest can be fully cultivated in three years. During the three years of cultivation, the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials of the Qiongzhu forest will increase by more than 30% year by year on the basis of the original production. By the third year, the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials can achieve an increase of more than 120%.

[0081] Example 5

[0082] A method for cultivating bamboo shoots and bamboo branches of Psoralea corylifolia, comprising the following steps:

[0083] S1. From September to November, the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated is arranged into adjacent first and second rows, and the sum of the widths of the first and second rows is less than the average height of the Qiongzhu forest; among them, the width of the first row is 90 cm, and the width of the second row is 180 cm.

[0084] The specific operation process of the first row is as follows: after felling all the bamboos on the first row along the mountain contour line, the land is fully cultivated and tilled to a depth of 20 cm. During tillage, the underground stems are combed, and the one-year-old underground stems are retained and buried on the spot. The underground stems of two years and above are cut and buried on the spot. After the underground stems are combed and cut, the soil is heated to 5.5 kg / m 2 The fertilizer is spread at a dosage of 500 kg / m 2 Farm organic fertilizer and 0.5kg / m 2 It is obtained by mixing compound fertilizers.

[0085] After the felled bamboo stalks are removed from the bamboo forest, they are burned or made into bamboo charcoal. The above method can effectively reduce the number of pest sources and prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases to a great extent. In particular, by removing the felled bamboo stalks and rendering them harmless, the incidence of soot mold and rust of bamboo can be reduced.

[0086] The density of the first and second rows of the bamboo forest is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 .

[0087] S2, initial shoot stage, from the beginning of shoot emergence to the 10th day: all shoots in the first and second rows that are 20cm±1cm above the surface are dug up.

[0088] During the middle shoot period, from the 11th to the 25th day after the shoots emerge, all shoots in the second row are dug up when they emerge 20cm±1cm; the newly emerged shoots in the first row are retained, and the density of strong bamboo poles is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 , cultivate into bamboo, and the rest of the bamboo shoots are unearthed 20cm / m 2 You can mine them all.

[0089] In the late stage of bamboo shoot growth, that is, from the 25th day to the end of the growth of the year, all the new bamboo shoots in the first and second rows are harvested.

[0090] S3. In the second and third years, steps S1 to S2 are repeated to complete the cultivation of bamboo shoots in rows; and black light lamps are hung beside the bamboo forest to lure and kill adult lepidoptera pests to achieve the purpose of insect prevention.

[0091] By adopting the above method, the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials of the original low-yield and low-efficiency Qiongzhu forest can be fully cultivated in three years. During the three years of cultivation, the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials of the Qiongzhu forest will increase by more than 30% year by year on the basis of the original production. By the third year, the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials can achieve an increase of more than 120%.

[0092] Comparative Example 1

[0093] The existing technology is used to cultivate bamboo by cutting down all old, weak and diseased bamboos and applying fertilizers. The specific process is as follows:

[0094] After all old and mature bamboos, diseased bamboos and weak bamboo stalks are cut down in the bamboo forest to be cultivated, the bamboo forest should be treated with 5.5kg / m 2 The fertilizer is applied in an amount of 500 g / cm2, and after the fertilizer is applied, the soil is covered. In the second and third years, the above steps are repeated to complete the cultivation of both the bamboo forest and bamboo shoots, and black light lamps are hung beside the bamboo forest to kill adult lepidoptera pests to achieve the purpose of insect prevention. The thickness of the soil cover is 5 cm; the fertilizer is 5 kg / m 2 Farm organic fertilizer and 0.5kg / m 2 It is obtained by mixing compound fertilizers.

[0095] The changes in the yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in the Qiongzhu forest obtained by using the method in Comparative Example 1 in Examples 1 to 5 were recorded. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0096] Table 1 Increased yield of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in different tending methods of Qiongzhu forest

[0097]

[0098] From the results in Table 1, it can be seen that in the first year of comparative example 1, bamboo shoots increased by 34.2% and bamboo materials increased by 28.5%, in the second year, bamboo shoots increased by 26% and bamboo materials increased by 39.5%, in the third year, bamboo shoots increased by 19% and bamboo materials increased by 112.2%. It can be seen that the annual increase in bamboo shoot production in comparative example 1 is not obvious compared with the previous year. In the first to third years of Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, the bamboo shoot production increased by 30% each year compared with the previous year, and the bamboo material production reached a maximum of 124.1% in the third year. The results of comparative example 1 are compared with Examples 1 to 5, indicating that the method in Example 1 of the present invention can achieve the year-on-year increase in the production of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in the bamboo forest, achieve the goal of stable and high yields, and achieve the comprehensive cultivation of bamboo. It is explained that the present invention can achieve stable and high yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in the Qiongzhu forest by adjusting the bamboo forest structure and combing the underground stems, and the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials can be increased by 120% or more in three years, achieving the dual use of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in the Qiongzhu forest with stable and high yields.

[0099] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. These modifications are all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating bamboo shoots of Phyllostachys chinensis, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, arranging the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated into a first row and a second row adjacent to each other, wherein the sum of the widths of the first row and the second row is less than the average height of the Qiongzhu forest; Remove all the above-ground bamboo forests in the first row, and comb and cut off the underground stems; S2, early bamboo shoot stage, picking all new bamboo shoots in the first and second rows; In the middle bamboo shoot stage, keep the first row of newly sprouted bamboo shoots and cultivate them into bamboos, and harvest all the bamboo shoots in the second row; In the late stage of bamboo shoot growth, all new bamboo shoots in the first and second rows are dug up; S3. Repeat steps S1 to S2 in the second and third years to cultivate the bamboo forest and complete the cultivation of bamboo shoots in rows.

2. The method for cultivating bamboo shoots of Pleioblastus truncatula according to claim 1, characterized in that: The density of the first and second rows of Phyllostachys chinensis in S1 is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 .

3. The method for cultivating bamboo shoots of Pleioblastus truncatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific process of combing and cutting the underground stems described in S1 is as follows: Keep the one-year-old underground stems and cut off the underground stems that are two years old or older.

4. The method for cultivating bamboo shoots of Pleioblastus truncatula according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the middle shoot stage described in S2, the density of new shoots in the first row is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 .

5. The method for cultivating bamboo shoots of Phyllostachys chinensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initial bamboo shoot period in S2 is from the beginning of bamboo shoot growth to the 10th day; The middle bamboo shoot period is from the 11th day to the 25th day of bamboo shoot growth; The late period of bamboo shoot growth is from the 26th day of bamboo shoot growth to the end of the current year's bamboo shoot growth.

6. The method for cultivating bamboo shoots of Pleioblastus truncatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: After combing and cutting the underground stems in S1, fertilization is also included, and the fertilizer applied is at least one of farm organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer.

7. The method for cultivating bamboo shoots of Bambusa chinensis according to claim 6, characterized in that: The amount of organic fertilizer applied is 4.5 kg / m 2 ~5kg / m 2 The amount of compound fertilizer applied is 0.5 kg / m 2 ~0.7kg / m 2 .

8. The method for cultivating bamboo shoots of Phyllostachys chinensis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cultivation of bamboo forests described in S3 also includes disease and insect pest control.

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