Conical drum type buckwheat huller

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural mechanical equipment, in particular to a conical drum type buckwheat huller which comprises a rack, a hulling drum, a main shaft, a cylindrical shell, a gap adjusting mechanism, a transmission assembly, a feeding hopper and a motor. The main shaft is supported on the machine frame through the gap adjusting mechanism, the hulling roller is fixed to the main shaft, the transmission assembly is arranged at the front end of the main shaft, the rear end of the cylindrical shell is integrally connected with a conical shell with the front portion narrow and the rear portion wide, the cylindrical shell and the conical shell are jointly arranged on the outer side of the hulling roller in a sleeving mode, and the cylindrical shell and the conical shell are both fixed to the machine frame. A discharging cover cap is installed at the rear end of the conical shell, a discharging guide groove is connected to the lower end of the discharging cover cap, the feeding hopper is installed at the top of the front end of the cylindrical shell, and the motor is arranged on the rack and connected with the main shaft through a transmission assembly; the problems that existing buckwheat hulling equipment is low in production efficiency, the whole kernel rate of buckwheat kernels is low, and the whole hull rate of buckwheat hulls is low are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery and equipment, in particular to a conical drum type buckwheat shelling machine. Background Art

[0002] Buckwheat, as an important grain crop, has high nutritional, medicinal and health value. In recent years, buckwheat products have become more and more popular among consumers, and the annual export volume has increased year by year. The export form has also changed from buckwheat raw materials to shelled buckwheat kernels, and the development prospects are extremely broad. Since the whole kernel rate of buckwheat shelling directly affects the subsequent processing of products and market development, it is of great significance to reduce the breakage rate of buckwheat shelling equipment and increase the whole kernel rate and shell rate.

[0003] However, the post-harvest processing technology of buckwheat is relatively backward. Among them, buckwheat shelling technology has always been a bottleneck problem in its post-harvest processing chain. At present, the most widely used buckwheat shelling machines at home and abroad are mainly double-disc structures and centrifugal impact structures. The double-disc structure mostly adopts a sand disc type, which relies on the relative rotational motion between the sand discs to produce a mutual rubbing effect on buckwheat, so that the buckwheat kernel and buckwheat husk are quickly separated, which is suitable for buckwheat production. However, the buckwheat huller with a sand disc structure has the problems of low whole kernel rate and whole husk rate of buckwheat kernels and low production efficiency. In addition, the buckwheat huller with a sand disc structure needs to adjust the husking gap according to different buckwheat particle sizes, and the adjustment gap is greatly affected by the experience and proficiency of the operator. It is also difficult to ensure the quality of the product during the processing of buckwheat kernels. The centrifugal impact structure mostly adopts a throwing disc or roller type, such as a double-stick type, a drum concave disc type, a roller plate type, etc., which relies on the centrifugal force generated by their high-speed rotation to throw the buckwheat to the impact plate or the shell of the sheller, thereby realizing the separation of the shell and the kernel. The kernel broken rate of this type of sheller is high, which is suitable for the processing of buckwheat flour, but it has the problems of low one-time husking rate and whole kernel rate.

[0004] Therefore be necessary to invent a kind of conical drum type buckwheat shelling machine to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a conical drum buckwheat shelling machine to solve the problems of low production efficiency, low whole buckwheat kernel rate and low whole buckwheat husk rate commonly found in existing buckwheat shelling equipment.

[0006] The present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] A conical drum buckwheat shelling machine comprises a frame, a shelling drum, a main shaft, a cylindrical shell, a gap adjustment mechanism, a transmission assembly, a feed hopper and a motor; the main shaft is supported on the frame through the gap adjustment mechanism, the shelling drum is fixed on the main shaft, the transmission assembly is arranged at the front end of the main shaft, the rear end of the cylindrical shell is integrally connected with a conical shell which is narrow at the front and wide at the rear, the cylindrical shell and the conical shell are jointly sleeved on the outer side of the shelling drum, and the cylindrical shell and the conical shell are both fixed on the frame, a discharge cover is installed at the rear end of the conical shell, the lower end of the discharge cover is connected with a discharge guide groove, the feed hopper is installed at the front end top of the cylindrical shell, the motor is arranged on the frame, and the motor is connected to the main shaft through the transmission assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, the gap adjustment mechanism includes a flange support I and a bushing; the flange support I is fixed on the frame, the outer wall of the bushing is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the flange support I, the main shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bushing through a first bearing, bearing covers are installed on the main shaft and at the front and rear ends of the bushing, and a handwheel is fixed on the bearing cover at the front end of the bushing.

[0009] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a spindle pulley, a sleeve, a V-belt, a motor pulley, and a flange support II. The output shaft of the motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the motor pulley, the motor pulley is transmission-connected to the spindle pulley via a V-belt, the spindle pulley is fixedly connected to the front end of the outer wall of the sleeve, the rear end of the sleeve is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the flange support II via a second bearing, the flange support II is fixed on the frame, and the front end of the spindle is key-connected to the inner wall of the sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the shelling drum includes a screw propeller, the inlet of the screw propeller is connected to the feed port of the feed hopper, a front spoke is fixed on the inner side of the screw propeller, a front hub and a rear hub are fixed on the main shaft, the front spoke is flange-connected to the front hub, the rear end of the screw propeller is integrally connected to the drum cylindrical section, a first shelling space is formed between the outer surface of the drum cylindrical section and the inner surface of the cylindrical shell, a middle partition is fixed on the inner side of the drum cylindrical section, the middle partition is sleeved on the main shaft, the rear end of the drum cylindrical section is integrally connected to a drum conical section that is narrow in front and wide in rear, a second shelling space is formed between the outer surface of the drum conical section and the inner surface of the conical shell, a rear spoke is fixed on the inner side of the drum conical section, the rear spoke is flange-connected to the rear hub.

[0011] Furthermore, the outer surface of the cylindrical section of the drum is provided with a plurality of first oblique ribs evenly distributed along the circumference; the outer surface of the conical section of the drum is provided with a plurality of second oblique ribs evenly distributed along the circumference; the inner surface of the cylindrical shell is provided with a plurality of first straight ribs evenly distributed along the circumference; and the inner surface of the conical shell is provided with a plurality of second straight ribs evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0012] Furthermore, the included angle between the first inclined rib plate and the generatrix of the cylindrical section of the drum is 6°; the included angle between the second inclined rib plate and the generatrix of the conical section of the drum is 6°.

[0013] Furthermore, a first shelling gap is formed between the first oblique rib plate and the first straight rib plate, and the first shelling gap is 5 mm; a second shelling gap is formed between the second oblique rib plate and the second straight rib plate, and the second shelling gap is 2 mm-5 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, a feed regulator is installed at the lower end of the feed hopper, and the feed regulator includes a horizontal fixing plate fixed to the lower end of the outer wall of the feed hopper, a fixing hole is opened on the horizontal fixing plate, and a socket is opened at the lower end of the outer wall of the feed hopper and above the horizontal fixing plate, a horizontal plug plate is inserted in the socket, a slide groove is opened on the horizontal plug plate, a butterfly nut is inserted in the slide groove, and the tail end of the butterfly nut is threadedly connected to the fixing hole.

[0015] Furthermore, the motor is a variable frequency speed regulating motor.

[0016] Furthermore, a limiting nut is provided at the front end of the outer side wall of the bushing, and the rear surface of the limiting nut is fitted to the front surface of the flange support I.

[0017] The present invention realizes the effective separation of buckwheat kernels and buckwheat husks through the preliminary husking process of the cylindrical section of the drum and the cylindrical shell, and the further husking process of the conical section of the drum and the conical shell, thereby improving the efficiency and the net husking rate of buckwheat. Meanwhile, the gap adjustment mechanism realizes the change of the gap between the husking drum and the conical shell, which can adapt to the husking of buckwheat with different particle size ranges, and not only improves the whole kernel rate of buckwheat kernels and the whole husk rate of buckwheat husks during buckwheat husking, reduces the loss rate, and improves the overall quality of husking, but also is easy to operate and has high production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A local enlarged schematic diagram of the X in the middle.

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A local enlarged schematic diagram of the Y point in the middle.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shelling drum in the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shelling drum in the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0023] Figure 6 is along Figure 4 Sectional view along line HH.

[0024] Figure 7 is along Figure 4 Cross-sectional view along line FF.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the conical shell in the present invention.

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a structural side view of the conical shell in the present invention.

[0027] Fig.10 It is a structural expansion diagram of the conical shell in the present invention.

[0028] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cylindrical shell in the present invention.

[0029] Fig.12 is along Fig.11 Section view along line AA.

[0030] Fig.13 It is a structural expansion diagram of the cylindrical shell in the present invention.

[0031] Fig.14 The structure of the gap adjustment mechanism in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 .

[0032] Fig.15 The structure of the gap adjustment mechanism in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0033] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism in the present invention.

[0034] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the force on the buckwheat grains to be shelled in the second shelling gap in the present invention.

[0035] Fig.18 The present invention is a diagram of the movement of buckwheat grains to be shelled during the shelling process.

[0036] In the figure: 1, frame; 2, discharge guide groove; 3, discharge cover; 4, shelling drum; 401, rear spoke plate; 402, drum cone section; 403, middle partition plate; 404, drum cylinder section; 405, front spoke plate; 406, screw propeller; 407, first oblique rib plate; 408, second oblique rib plate; 5, conical shell; 501, second straight rib plate; 6, main shaft; 7, cylindrical shell; 701, first straight rib plate; 8, gap adjustment Section mechanism; 801, flange support I; 802, bushing; 803, first bearing; 804, bearing cover; 805, hand wheel; 806, limit nut; 9, transmission assembly; 901, main shaft pulley; 902, sleeve; 903, V-belt; 904, motor pulley; 905, flange support II; 906, second bearing; 10, feed hopper; 11, motor; 12, feed regulator; 13, buckwheat grains to be shelled. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] A conical drum type buckwheat shelling machine, as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, it includes a frame 1, a shelling drum 4, a main shaft 6, a cylindrical shell 7, a gap adjustment mechanism 8, a transmission assembly 9, a feed hopper 10, and a motor 11; the main shaft 6 is supported on the frame 1 through the gap adjustment mechanism 8, the shelling drum 4 is fixed on the main shaft 6, the transmission assembly 9 is arranged at the front end of the main shaft 6, the rear end of the cylindrical shell 7 is integrally connected with a conical shell 5 which is narrow in front and wide in the back, the cylindrical shell 7 and the conical shell 5 are jointly sleeved on the outer side of the shelling drum 4, and the cylindrical shell 7 and the conical shell 5 are both fixed on the frame 1, the rear end of the conical shell 5 is installed with a discharge cover 3, the lower end of the discharge cover 3 is connected with a discharge guide groove 2, the feed hopper 10 is installed at the front end top of the cylindrical shell 7, the motor 11 is arranged on the frame 1, and the motor 11 is connected to the main shaft 6 through the transmission assembly 9.

[0038] As attached Fig.14 ~Attached Fig.15 As shown, the gap adjustment mechanism 8 includes a flange support I801 and a bushing 802; the flange support I801 is fixed on the frame 1, the outer wall of the bushing 802 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the flange support I801, the main shaft 6 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bushing 802 through the first bearing 803, and bearing covers 804 are installed on the main shaft 6 and at the front and rear ends of the bushing 802, and a hand wheel 805 is fixed on the bearing cover 804 located at the front end of the bushing 802.

[0039] The present invention realizes the separation of buckwheat kernels and buckwheat husks through the rubbing and squeezing of the materials by the shelling drum 4 and the cylindrical shell 7 and the conical shell 5 matched therewith and the interaction between the materials; the structural design of the gap adjustment mechanism 8 enables the main shaft 6 to move axially relative to the frame 1 while rotating, thereby driving the shelling drum 4 to rotate and move axially relative to the conical shell 5, thereby realizing the change of the gap between the shelling drum 4 and the conical shell 5, which can adapt to the shelling of buckwheat with different particle size ranges, not only improving the whole kernel rate of buckwheat kernels and the whole husk rate of buckwheat husks during buckwheat shelling, reducing the loss rate, and improving the overall quality of shelling, but also convenient operation and high production efficiency.

[0040] As attached Fig.16 As shown, the transmission assembly 9 includes a spindle pulley 901, a sleeve 902, a V-belt 903, a motor pulley 904, and a flange support II 905. The output shaft of the motor 11 is coaxially fixedly connected to the motor pulley 904. The motor pulley 904 is transmission-connected to the spindle pulley 901 via the V-belt 903. The spindle pulley 901 is fixedly connected to the front end of the outer wall of the sleeve 902. The rear end of the sleeve 902 is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the flange support II 905 via the second bearing 906. The flange support II 905 is fixed on the frame 1. The front end of the spindle 6 is key-connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 902.

[0041] During operation, the power output by the motor 11 is transmitted from the motor pulley 904 to the main shaft pulley 901 via the V-belt 903, and the main shaft pulley 901 then transmits the power to the main shaft 6 via the sleeve 902. The structural design of the sliding key connection between the front end of the main shaft 6 and the inner wall of the sleeve 902 enables the main shaft 6 to move axially relative to the transmission assembly 9 while the transmission assembly 9 remains in position, thereby realizing power transmission.

[0042] As attached Figure 4 ~Attached Figure 7 As shown, the shelling drum 4 includes a screw propeller 406, the inlet of the screw propeller 406 is communicated with the feed port of the feed hopper 10, a front spoke 405 is fixed on the inner side of the screw propeller 406, a front hub and a rear hub are fixed on the main shaft 6, the front spoke 405 is flange-connected to the front hub, the rear end of the screw propeller 406 is integrally connected with a drum cylindrical section 404, a first shelling space is formed between the outer surface of the drum cylindrical section 404 and the inner surface of the cylindrical shell 7, a middle partition 403 is fixed on the inner side of the drum cylindrical section 404, the middle partition 403 is sleeved on the main shaft 6, the rear end of the drum cylindrical section 404 is integrally connected with a drum conical section 402 which is narrow in front and wide in rear, a second shelling space is formed between the outer surface of the drum conical section 402 and the inner surface of the conical shell 5, a rear spoke 401 is fixed on the inner side of the drum conical section 402, the rear spoke 401 is flange-connected to the rear hub.

[0043] As attached Figure 4 ~Attached Fig.13 As shown, the outer surface of the cylindrical section 404 of the drum is provided with a plurality of first oblique ribs 407 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; the outer surface of the conical section 402 of the drum is provided with a plurality of second oblique ribs 408 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; the inner surface of the cylindrical shell 7 is provided with a plurality of first straight ribs 701 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; the inner surface of the conical shell 5 is provided with a plurality of second straight ribs 501 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

[0044] As attached Figure 2 ~Attached Figure 3 As shown, a first shelling gap is formed between the first oblique rib plate 407 and the first straight rib plate 701, and the first shelling gap is 5 mm; a second shelling gap is formed between the second oblique rib plate 408 and the second straight rib plate 501, and the second shelling gap is 2 mm-5 mm.

[0045] The shelling drum 4 adopts a three-section combined structure design. The inlet of the screw propeller 406 in the front section is connected to the feed port of the feed hopper 10, and the screw propeller 406 adopts a spiral structure, so that the material to be processed continuously enters the screw propeller 406 and is pushed to the first shelling space; the cylindrical section 404 of the drum in the middle section adopts a cylindrical structure, and the first shelling gap in the first shelling space remains unchanged, completing the shelling of easy-to-shell materials; the conical section 402 of the drum in the rear section adopts a conical structure, and the second shelling gap is adjusted through its axial movement to adapt to the shelling of buckwheat with different particle size ranges, effectively improving the efficiency and shelling rate of buckwheat shelling.

[0046] The structural design of the first oblique rib plate 407, the second oblique rib plate 408, the first straight rib plate 701, and the second straight rib plate 501 allows a material cavity with a continuously changing volume to be formed in the first shelling space and the second shelling space, thereby improving the squeezing and rubbing effect on the material, and at the same time allowing the material to be transported from the feed port of the feed hopper 10 to the discharge guide groove 2 during the processing; the design of the first shelling gap of 5 mm and the second shelling gap of 2 mm-5 mm ensures that buckwheat can be shelled smoothly under appropriate squeezing pressure, while reducing the kernel breakage rate.

[0047] The included angle between the generatrix of the first oblique rib plate 407 and the drum cylindrical section 404 is 6°; the included angle between the generatrix of the second oblique rib plate 408 and the drum conical section 402 is 6°.

[0048] The structural design enables buckwheat to be subjected to rubbing force more evenly during the shelling process, thereby improving the shelling effect.

[0049] A feed regulator 12 is installed at the lower end of the feed hopper 10, and the feed regulator 12 includes a horizontal fixing plate fixed to the lower end of the outer wall of the feed hopper 10, and a fixing hole is opened on the horizontal fixing plate. A socket is opened at the lower end of the outer wall of the feed hopper 10 and above the horizontal fixing plate, and a horizontal plug plate is inserted in the socket. A slide groove is opened on the horizontal plug plate, and a butterfly nut is inserted in the slide groove, and the tail end of the butterfly nut is threadedly connected to the fixing hole.

[0050] The feed regulator 12 can timely adjust the feeding amount of buckwheat according to the shelling effect of buckwheat. When adjustment is needed, it is only necessary to loosen the butterfly nut, and then change the length of the horizontal insert plate extending into the feed hopper 10 by sliding, thereby changing the size of the feed opening. After the adjustment is appropriate, tighten the butterfly nut.

[0051] The motor 11 is a variable frequency speed regulating motor.

[0052] The variable frequency speed regulating motor can change the power input according to the buckwheat shelling effect to achieve different speeds of the shelling drum 4, better meet the requirements of shelling quality adjustment and productivity improvement, and effectively improve the adaptability of the shelling machine.

[0053] A limiting nut 806 is provided at the front end of the outer wall of the bushing 802 , and the rear surface of the limiting nut 806 is in contact with the front surface of the flange support I 801 .

[0054] When in use, firstly, the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled are prepared, and according to the particle size of the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled, the hand wheel 805 is turned to axially adjust the main shaft 6, and the axial position of the shelling drum 4 is changed to adjust the appropriate second shelling gap, and then the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled are added through the feed hopper 10, and the feed regulator 12 is adjusted as needed to control the feed amount, and then the motor 11 is started, and the shelling drum 4 starts to rotate, and the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled are shelled in turn through the screw propeller 406, the drum cylindrical section 404, and the drum conical section 402, and finally, the shelled buckwheat grains are discharged through the discharge guide groove 2, thereby completing the use of the shelling machine; the problems of low production efficiency, low whole kernel rate of buckwheat kernels and low whole shell rate of buckwheat husks in existing buckwheat shelling equipment are overcome.

[0055] It should be noted that in the second shelling gap, the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled are subjected to the force as shown in the attached Fig.17 As shown, F N1 is the extrusion force of the drum cone section 402 on the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled, F N2 is the pressing force of the conical shell 5 on the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled, F f1 is the friction force of the second inclined rib plate 408 on the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled, F f2is the friction force of the second straight rib plate 501 on the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled, and F1 is the friction force of the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled. N1 and F f1 F2 is the force exerted on the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled. N2 and F f2 extrusion force causes the shell of the buckwheat grains to be shelled 13 to rupture, thereby completing the separation of buckwheat kernels and buckwheat shells, and the friction force determines the intensity and effect of rubbing.

[0056] The movement of the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled during the shelling process is shown in the attached figure. Fig.18 As shown, v e is the linear velocity of the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled as the shelling drum 4 rotates, v r is the circumferential relative linear velocity of the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled relative to the shelling drum 4, v a is the circumferential absolute motion linear velocity of the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled; during the shelling process, the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled rotate with the shelling drum 4 due to the centrifugal force of the drum, and the first inclined rib plate 407 and the second inclined rib plate 408 are designed in the form of inclined rib plates. The angle between the inclined rib plate and the generatrix of the corresponding drum cylindrical section 404 or the drum conical section 402 can effectively control the motion path of the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled during the rotation of the drum, so that the motion path of the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled advances in a spiral shape, ensuring that the buckwheat grains 13 to be shelled are finally transported to the discharge cover 3 during the shelling process and are discharged out of the machine through the discharge guide groove 2.

[0057] During the specific implementation process, the screw propeller 406 is a double-headed screw with a left-hand spiral direction, a pitch of 50mm, a groove width of 18mm, a helix angle of 30°, and an outer diameter of 217mm; the height of the first inclined rib plate 407 is 4mm and the width is 4mm; the height of the second inclined rib plate 408 is 4mm and the width is 4mm; the taper of the conical shell 5 is 40° and the wall thickness is 3mm; the height of the second straight rib plate 501 is 4mm and the width is 4mm; the wall thickness of the cylindrical shell 7 is 3mm; the height of the first straight rib plate 701 is 4mm and the width is 4mm.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0059] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A conical drum buckwheat shelling machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1), a shelling drum (4), a main shaft (6), a cylindrical shell (7), a gap adjustment mechanism (8), a transmission assembly (9), a feed hopper (10), and a motor (11); the main shaft (6) is supported on the frame (1) through the gap adjustment mechanism (8); the shelling drum (4) is fixed on the main shaft (6); the transmission assembly (9) is arranged at the front end of the main shaft (6); the rear end of the cylindrical shell (7) is integrally connected with a conical shell (5) which is narrow at the front and wide at the rear; the cylindrical shell ( The cylindrical shell (7) and the conical shell (5) are jointly sleeved on the outer side of the shelling drum (4), and the cylindrical shell (7) and the conical shell (5) are both fixed on the frame (1), the rear end of the conical shell (5) is installed with a discharge cover (3), the lower end of the discharge cover (3) is connected with a discharge guide groove (2), the feed hopper (10) is installed on the front end top of the cylindrical shell (7), the motor (11) is arranged on the frame (1), and the motor (11) is connected to the main shaft (6) through a transmission component (9).

2. The conical drum buckwheat shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clearance adjustment mechanism (8) comprises a flange support I (801) and a bushing (802); the flange support I (801) is fixed on the frame (1); the outer wall of the bushing (802) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the flange support I (801); the main shaft (6) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the bushing (802) via a first bearing (803); bearing caps (804) are installed on the main shaft (6) and at both the front and rear ends of the bushing (802); and a hand wheel (805) is fixed on the bearing cap (804) located at the front end of the bushing (802).

3. The conical drum buckwheat shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (9) comprises a main shaft pulley (901), a sleeve (902), a V-belt (903), a motor pulley (904), and a flange support II (905); the output shaft of the motor (11) is coaxially fixedly connected to the motor pulley (904); the motor pulley (904) is transmission-connected to the main shaft pulley (901) via the V-belt (903); the main shaft pulley (901) is fixedly connected to the front end of the outer wall of the sleeve (902); the rear end of the sleeve (902) is rotationally connected to the inner wall of the flange support II (905) via a second bearing (906); the flange support II (905) is fixed to the frame (1); and the front end of the main shaft (6) is key-connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (902).

4. The conical drum buckwheat shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shelling drum (4) comprises a screw propeller (406), the inlet of the screw propeller (406) is communicated with the feed port of the feed hopper (10), a front spoke plate (405) is fixed on the inner side of the screw propeller (406), a front hub and a rear hub are fixed on the main shaft (6), the front spoke plate (405) is flange-connected to the front hub, the rear end of the screw propeller (406) is integrally connected to the drum cylindrical section (404), and the outer surface of the drum cylindrical section (404) and the inner surface of the cylindrical shell (7) are connected. A first shelling space is formed, a middle partition (403) is fixed on the inner side of the drum cylindrical section (404), the middle partition (403) is sleeved on the main shaft (6), the rear end of the drum cylindrical section (404) is integrally connected with a drum conical section (402) which is narrow in front and wide in the rear, a second shelling space is formed between the outer surface of the drum conical section (402) and the inner surface of the conical shell (5), a rear spoke plate (401) is fixed on the inner side of the drum conical section (402), and the rear spoke plate (401) is flange-connected to the rear hub.

5. The conical drum buckwheat shelling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer surface of the cylindrical section (404) of the drum is provided with a plurality of first oblique ribs (407) evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; the outer surface of the conical section (402) of the drum is provided with a plurality of second oblique ribs (408) evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; the inner surface of the cylindrical shell (7) is provided with a plurality of first straight ribs (701) evenly distributed along the circumferential direction; and the inner surface of the conical shell (5) is provided with a plurality of second straight ribs (501) evenly distributed along the circumferential direction.

6. The conical drum buckwheat shelling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The generatrix angle between the first oblique rib plate (407) and the cylindrical section (404) of the drum is 6°; the generatrix angle between the second oblique rib plate (408) and the conical section (402) of the drum is 6°.

7. The conical drum buckwheat shelling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first shelling gap is formed between the first oblique rib plate (407) and the first straight rib plate (701), and the first shelling gap is 5 mm; a second shelling gap is formed between the second oblique rib plate (408) and the second straight rib plate (501), and the second shelling gap is 2 mm-5 mm.

8. The conical drum buckwheat shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed regulator (12) is installed at the lower end of the feed hopper (10), and the feed regulator (12) includes a horizontal fixing plate fixed to the lower end of the outer wall of the feed hopper (10), a fixing hole is provided on the horizontal fixing plate, and a socket is provided at the lower end of the outer wall of the feed hopper (10) and above the horizontal fixing plate, a horizontal plug plate is inserted into the socket, a slide groove is provided on the horizontal plug plate, a butterfly nut is inserted in the slide groove, and the tail end of the butterfly nut is threadedly connected to the fixing hole.

9. The conical drum buckwheat shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor (11) is a variable frequency speed regulating motor.

10. The conical drum buckwheat shelling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limiting nut (806) is provided at the front end of the outer wall of the bushing (802), and the rear surface of the limiting nut (806) is in contact with the front surface of the flange support I (801).

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