Cutter bar structure for fine boring of wheel and method for machining fine boring hole of wheel by adopting cutter bar structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of wheel production equipment, in particular to a cutter bar structure for fine boring of a wheel and a machining method for fine boring of the wheel by adopting the cutter bar structure, the cutter bar structure comprises a main shaft cutter bar, and a turning tool mechanism is arranged on the main shaft cutter bar; the turning tool mechanism comprises a transverse turning tool and a longitudinal turning tool which are arranged on the main shaft tool bar; the transverse turning tool is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the main shaft tool bar. The longitudinal turning tool is arranged parallel to the central axis of the main shaft tool bar; according to the tool bar structure, through mutual matching of the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool, the turning frequency of the wheel and the blade replacing frequency of a machine tool can be reduced, through the tool bar structure with the two turning tools, machining of multiple parts of the wheel can be completed through one tool bar, and the machining efficiency is greatly improved; and the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool are matched with each other, so that the hub hole can be machined step by step, and then the hub hole can be precisely bored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of wheel production equipment, in particular to a tool bar structure for wheel precision boring and a method for machining wheel precision boring holes using the tool bar structure. Background Art

[0002] In wheel manufacturing, wheel precision boring is particularly important because the accuracy and surface quality of the wheel directly affect the running safety of the train and the comfort of the passengers.

[0003] With the rapid development of the rail transit industry, the requirements for size and surface roughness are also increasing rapidly. The dimensional accuracy of wheel precision boring can reach IT6~IT7, the surface roughness Ra value can reach 0.8~3.2μm, and there are chamfers or fillets of different shapes on the inside and outside. Batch processing is difficult, and dimensional stability control is difficult.

[0004] At present, the production of precision boring wheels is divided into three processes: roughing, semi-finishing and finishing. In order to ensure product quality, the principle of process concentration is adopted, and all processes from blanks to finished products are completed on one machine tool. This method can stably control the processing quality, but the processing efficiency is low and the manufacturing cost is high.

[0005] Fine boring is the last step in wheel processing, and the quality of the fine boring process will directly affect the quality of wheel processing.

[0006] As for the processing method of precision boring, the industry generally adopts the method of concentrated process or separate process processing. In the separate process processing method, semi-finishing and finishing are completed on one machine tool. After processing the hole diameter and hole chamfering or fillet, the other side of the hole chamfering or fillet is turned over, which requires two manual tool adjustments. Among them, the size control of precision boring holes also needs to rely on three-coordinate process measurement. The process is complicated, the process is long, and the investment in labor and equipment is high.

[0007] The existing patent 201911410684.1-Wheel processing method does not clearly disclose the technical content for solving the above technical problems.

[0008] Therefore, in order to improve at least one of the above problems, it is necessary to provide a new fine boring tool structure or a new processing method. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a novel tool rod structure which can realize the chamfering operation at both ends of a wheel hub hole without turning over the wheel.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0011] A tool bar structure for wheel precision boring comprises a spindle tool bar, on which a turning tool mechanism is provided;

[0012] The turning tool mechanism comprises a transverse turning tool and a longitudinal turning tool arranged on the spindle tool bar;

[0013] The transverse turning tool is arranged perpendicular to the center axis of the spindle tool bar;

[0014] The longitudinal turning tool is arranged parallel to the center axis of the spindle tool bar.

[0015] The transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool are eccentrically arranged on the spindle tool bar.

[0016] The tool turning mechanism further comprises a transverse tool groove and a longitudinal tool groove arranged on the spindle tool bar; the transverse tool groove is used for installing a transverse tool turning, and the longitudinal tool groove is used for installing a longitudinal tool turning.

[0017] The transverse knife groove is connected with the longitudinal knife groove; the transverse knife groove is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal knife groove.

[0018] A material-reducing groove is provided on the side of the spindle tool rod, and a mounting hole is provided on the spindle tool rod, and the mounting hole is arranged in the material-reducing groove; the mounting hole is connected to the transverse tool groove or the longitudinal tool groove; a fastening bolt for fixing the transverse turning tool or the longitudinal turning tool is provided in the mounting hole.

[0019] A wheel fine boring hole processing method based on a wheel fine boring tool bar structure, the processing method comprising the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Install the wheel fine boring tool bar structure on the machine tool tool holder; adjust the positions of the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool in the wheel fine boring tool bar structure; and connect the wheel to be processed to the machine tool spindle;

[0021] Step 2: The wheel is driven to rotate by the machine tool spindle, and the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool in the tool bar structure process the wheel hub hole;

[0022] Step 3: After step 2 is completed, the processing of the wheel hub hole is completed.

[0023] In step 2, both the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool can be used to perform processing operations on the hub hole of the wheel.

[0024] In step 2, the transverse turning tool is required to first perform rough machining on the hub hole of the wheel; then the transverse turning tool is controlled to perform chamfering on the end of the hub hole close to the machine tool spindle; then the longitudinal turning tool is controlled to perform chamfering on the end of the hub hole away from the machine tool spindle; and then the inner wall of the hub hole is finely machined.

[0025] When using a transverse turning tool to rough-process the hub hole, the single-side allowance of the hub hole rough-processing is required to be no more than 0.5mm.

[0026] In step 2, when the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool perform corresponding cutting operations respectively, the main shaft of the machine tool rotates in opposite directions.

[0027] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0028] The invention discloses a tool bar structure for wheel precision boring and a method for machining wheel precision boring holes using the tool bar structure.

[0029] The tool bar structure of the present invention can reduce the number of times the wheel is turned over and the number of times the machine tool blade is changed through the mutual cooperation of the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool. The tool bar structure of the present invention has two turning tools, so that one tool bar can complete the processing of multiple parts of the wheel, greatly improving the processing efficiency; and the mutual cooperation of the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool of the present invention can realize the gradual processing of the wheel hub hole, and then realize the precision boring of the wheel hub hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The following is a brief description of the contents expressed in the drawings of the present specification and the marks in the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure under two working conditions when the present invention is used.

[0034] The marks in the above figure are:

[0035] 1-1. Tool bar structure, 1. Spindle tool bar, 2. Horizontal turning tool, 3. Longitudinal turning tool, 4. Material reduction groove, 5. Installation hole, 1-2. Wheel to be processed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The specific implementation of the present invention will be further explained in detail below by describing the optimal embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] A tool bar structure for fine boring of wheels comprises a spindle tool bar 1, on which a turning tool mechanism is provided; the turning tool mechanism comprises a transverse turning tool 2 and a longitudinal turning tool 3 provided on the spindle tool bar 1; the transverse turning tool 2 is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the spindle tool bar 1; the longitudinal turning tool 3 is arranged parallel to the central axis of the spindle tool bar 1; the tool bar structure 1-1 of the present invention can reduce the number of times the wheel is turned over and the number of times the machine tool blade is changed through the mutual cooperation of the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3; the present invention can complete the processing of multiple parts of the wheel with one tool bar through the tool bar structure 1-1 with two turning tools, thereby greatly improving the processing efficiency; and the mutual cooperation of the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 of the present invention can realize the step-by-step processing of the hub hole, thereby realizing the fine boring of the hub hole.

[0038] The tool rod structure 1-1 disclosed in the present invention is mainly used in conjunction with a machine tool; the tool rod structure 1-1 is installed and connected to the machine tool tool holder, the machine tool spindle is connected to a chuck, and the wheel is connected to the machine tool spindle through the chuck; subsequently, the machine tool spindle is rotated to drive the wheel 1-2 to be processed to rotate, thereby realizing the wheel processing operation.

[0039] The tool bar structure 1-1 for wheel precision boring disclosed in the present invention mainly includes a spindle tool bar 1, which acts as a connecting piece to facilitate the installation and connection of the turning tool on the machine tool tool holder. In the present invention, a turning tool mechanism is provided on the spindle tool bar 1; the turning tool mechanism mainly undertakes the subsequent processing operations of the corresponding area of ​​the wheel.

[0040] In the present invention, the tool turning mechanism includes a transverse tool 2 and a longitudinal tool 3 arranged on the spindle tool rod 1; the transverse tool 2 is arranged perpendicular to the central axis of the spindle tool rod 1; the longitudinal tool 3 is arranged parallel to the central axis of the spindle tool rod 1; based on such a setting, the spindle tool rod 1 disclosed in the present invention is provided with two-directional tool turning; in subsequent use, the wheel does not need to be turned over, and the transverse tool 2 can pass through the wheel hub hole to chamfer the end of the wheel hub hole close to the machine tool spindle, while the longitudinal tool 3 can chamfer the end of the wheel hub hole away from the machine tool spindle, which can reduce the turning operation during wheel processing, reduce the labor intensity of the operator, and facilitate the processing operation of the wheel; at the same time, it can also avoid the trouble of turning the wheel over and recalibrating the tool when changing the tool.

[0041] Furthermore, in the present invention, the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 are eccentrically arranged on the spindle tool rod 1; the reason for the eccentric arrangement here is that when the transverse turning tool 2 of the present invention is used later, the wheel does not need to be turned over to perform processing operations on the distal end of the hub hole; if the transverse turning tool 2 is not eccentrically arranged, the cutting edge of the transverse turning tool 2 will not be on the maximum arc of rotation of the spindle tool rod 1, which will affect the actual processing quality; in severe cases, processing may not be possible.

[0042] At the same time, it should be noted here that the side of the transverse turning tool 2 away from the central axis of the spindle tool arbor 1 is perpendicular to the central axis of the target spindle tool arbor 1, and the extension line of the turning tool edge of the transverse turning tool 2 intersects with the central axis of the spindle tool arbor 1; in other words, from the top view, the extension line of the turning tool edge of the transverse turning tool 2 of the present invention passes through the center of the top view of the spindle tool arbor 1; such a setting makes the turning tool edge have the largest running arc, ensuring the subsequent cutting quality.

[0043] The longitudinal turning tool 3 is arranged in an offset manner mainly to facilitate the installation and arrangement of the longitudinal turning tool 3 and to ensure the installation and positioning of the longitudinal turning tool 3 and the transverse turning tool 2 relative to each other.

[0044] Furthermore, the tool turning mechanism in the present invention also includes a transverse tool groove 21 and a longitudinal tool groove 31 arranged on the spindle tool rod 1; the transverse tool groove 21 is used to install the transverse tool 2, and the longitudinal tool groove 31 is used to install the longitudinal tool 3; the arrangement of the transverse tool groove 21 and the longitudinal tool groove 31 of the present invention facilitates the plug-in positioning of the transverse tool 2 and the longitudinal tool 3 on the spindle tool rod 1, the transverse tool groove 21 can limit the position of the transverse tool 2, and the longitudinal tool groove 31 can limit the position of the longitudinal tool 3, thereby avoiding shaking of the transverse tool 2 and the longitudinal tool 3 during use.

[0045] Furthermore, in the present invention, the transverse tool groove 21 is connected with the longitudinal tool groove 31; the transverse tool groove 21 is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal tool groove 31; based on such an arrangement, when the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 are installed, the longitudinal turning tool 3 can limit the end position of the transverse turning tool 2, play a mutual calibration role, and at the same time ensure the stability of the lateral position of the transverse turning tool 2.

[0046] Furthermore, in the present invention, a material-reducing groove 4 is provided on the side of the spindle tool rod 1, and a mounting hole 5 is provided on the spindle tool rod 1, and the mounting hole 5 is arranged in the material-reducing groove 4; the mounting hole 5 is connected to the transverse tool groove 21 or the longitudinal tool groove 31; a fastening bolt for fixing the transverse turning tool 2 or the longitudinal turning tool 3 is provided in the mounting hole 5; the setting of the material-reducing groove 4 in the present invention mainly plays a role of weight reduction, reducing the overall weight of the tool rod structure 1-1, and in addition, the setting of the mounting hole 5 in the present invention mainly facilitates the threading of the bolts, and facilitates the subsequent bolts to be connected to the corresponding turning tool through the mounting hole 5, thereby realizing the fixing operation of the corresponding turning tool; at the same time, the present invention requires that the mounting hole 5 be arranged in the material-reducing groove 4; this makes the side of the spindle tool rod 1 have a groove, and such a setting can avoid the subsequent bolts or screws protruding from the spindle tool rod 1 arrangement, and reduce the protrusion of the outer side of the spindle tool rod 1.

[0047] A wheel precision boring hole processing method based on the wheel precision boring tool bar structure 1-1, the processing method comprises the following steps:

[0048] Step 1: Install the wheel fine boring tool bar structure 1-1 on the machine tool tool holder; and adjust the positions of the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 in the wheel fine boring tool bar structure 1-1; and connect the wheel 1-2 to be processed to the machine tool spindle; the machine tool spindle clamps and fixes the wheel 1-2 to be processed through a chuck;

[0049] Step 2: The wheel 1-2 to be processed is driven to rotate by the machine tool spindle, and the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 in the tool bar structure 1-1 process the wheel hub hole;

[0050] Step 3: After step 2 is completed, the processing of the wheel hub hole is completed.

[0051] The present invention can realize the precision boring operation of the wheel hub hole without turning over the wheel through the above processing method.

[0052] Furthermore, in step 2 described in the present invention, both the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 can be used to perform processing operations on the hub hole of the wheel; the transverse turning tool 2 of the present invention is used for rough processing operations on the hub hole, and the longitudinal turning tool 3 is used for fine processing operations on the hub hole. By using the two turning tools in coordination, the wear rate of the longitudinal turning tool 3 can be reduced to ensure the best fine processing accuracy.

[0053] Furthermore, in step 2 described in the present invention, the transverse turning tool 2 is required to first perform rough processing on the hub hole of the wheel; then the transverse turning tool 2 is controlled to perform chamfering on the end of the hub hole close to the machine tool spindle; then the longitudinal turning tool 3 is controlled to perform chamfering on the end of the hub hole away from the machine tool spindle; and then the inner wall of the hub hole is finely processed; based on such a setting, it can be known that the present invention can well guarantee the processing quality of the hub hole through the coordinated use of the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3, and through the limitation of the processing procedures, and can significantly improve the processing efficiency of the wheel.

[0054] Furthermore, in the present invention, when the transverse turning tool 2 is used to perform rough machining on the hub hole, the single-side allowance of the hub hole rough machining is required to be no greater than 0.5 mm; based on such a setting, the wear rate of the longitudinal turning tool 3 can be reduced and the service life of the longitudinal turning tool 3 can be increased.

[0055] Furthermore, in step 2 described in the present invention, when the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 perform corresponding cutting operations respectively, the machine tool spindle rotates in opposite directions; the reason for this arrangement is that each turning tool has a certain width, and the turning tool cutting edge is on a single side of the corresponding turning tool. In order to avoid mutual interference during cutting, the turning tool cutting edges of the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 of the present invention are arranged in opposite directions. During subsequent use, by controlling the rotation direction of the machine tool spindle, a single turning tool cutting edge can be controlled to participate in the work, thereby avoiding the problem of mutual influence between the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3.

[0056] At the same time, in the present invention, the tool rod structure 1-1 is not processed, that is, when it is in the initial position, the cutting edge of the longitudinal tool 3 is arranged farther away from the wheel than the cutting edge of the transverse tool 2. This arrangement enables the transverse tool 2 to cut the wheel hub hole close to one end of the machine tool spindle, and the cutting edge of the longitudinal tool 3 is equivalent to protruding out of the outside of the wheel hub hole, thereby avoiding the problem of the longitudinal tool 3 participating in the work; similarly, when the longitudinal tool 3 chamfers the other end of the wheel hub hole, the transverse tool 2 is equivalent to being arranged at a distance from the wheel; it also plays a good avoidance role.

[0057] specific:

[0058] The present invention discloses a tool bar structure 1-1 for wheel precision boring; it mainly comprises a spindle tool bar 1, on which a turning tool mechanism is provided; the turning tool mechanism comprises a transverse turning tool 2 and a longitudinal turning tool 3 arranged on the spindle tool bar 1; the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 are connected to the spindle tool bar 1 by bolts or screws.

[0059] In the present invention, the longitudinal tool groove 31 can be designed as required, and can be a 25mm*25mm straight groove, corresponding to the optional 25mm*25mm and 25mm*32mm turning tools.

[0060] Similarly, the transverse knife groove 21 can also be designed to have the above dimensions; of course, other dimensions can be selected as needed.

[0061] In addition, in the present invention, two turning tools are provided on the spindle tool rod 1. In the present invention, the transverse tool groove 21 is arranged at the bottom of the spindle tool rod 1, which is equivalent to the side of the transverse tool groove 21 being hollowed out; such a setting facilitates the installation and disassembly of the transverse turning tool 2; and further facilitates the replacement operation of the transverse turning tool 2.

[0062] When the present invention is actually used, each turning tool is fixed on the spindle tool bar 1 by three locking screws to ensure the stability of the installation of the corresponding turning tool.

[0063] At the same time, in the present invention, a cutting fluid channel can be provided on the spindle tool bar 1 or some weight-reducing designs can be added to improve the stability of the overall structure, processing effect and service life of the precision boring tool.

[0064] When performing wheel fine boring, the left tool position, that is, the transverse tool groove 21, can be horizontally loaded with a left-biased DNMG turning tool for fine boring, semi-finishing and lower chamfering or rounding. The right tool position, that is, the longitudinal tool groove 31, can be vertically loaded with a right-biased CNMG or DNMG turning tool for fine boring, oil grooves and upper chamfering or rounding.

[0065] The present invention uses the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3 in coordination, so that one-time processing can be performed without changing tools or dividing working procedures, thereby reducing tool changing errors.

[0066] At the same time, the inner wall of the hub hole adopts semi-finishing and finishing operations, which can improve the machining accuracy and the tool life of the finishing tool.

[0067] Embodiment 1:

[0068] Embodiment for machining wheel fine boring and chamfering or rounding both sides.

[0069] When machining wheel finish boring, the left tool position can be horizontally loaded with a left-biased DNMG turning tool for machining finish boring, semi-finishing oil grooves and lower chamfers or fillets 7.

[0070] The machine tool spindle is reversed, and the fine boring and semi-finishing are performed first, leaving a single-side allowance of 0.5mm, and then the oil groove and the lower chamfer or radius are processed. No allowance is left for the lower chamfer or radius, and it is directly processed in place. Note that it must be consistent with the fine boring parameters, otherwise it is easy to have a tool holder. The right tool position can be vertically equipped with a right-biased CNMG or DNMG turning tool for fine boring and upper chamfer or radius. The machine tool spindle rotates forward, and you can start from the upper chamfer or radius, and then directly perform fine boring. It can be processed at one time without changing the tool or dividing the process, thus reducing the tool change error. Semi-finishing and finishing are divided into two turning tools to improve the processing accuracy and the tool life of the finishing tool.

[0071] The tool bar structure 1-1 disclosed in the present invention can process turning structures of different shapes through the mutual cooperation of the transverse turning tool 2 and the longitudinal turning tool 3. Through the structural analysis of the wheel precision boring, one tool bar structure 1-1 can complete the precision boring, oil groove and upper and lower chamfering or rounding processing.

[0072] For the structure of wheel finishing boring, the process is arranged as follows: the left tool processes the semi-finishing boring, lower chamfer / radius and oil groove, and the right tool processes the upper chamfer / radius and finishing boring.

[0073] During batch processing, tool change has a great influence on the stability of precision boring. The present invention can stably complete the control of the size and roughness of the precision boring through the above process arrangement, and simultaneously complete the processing of positive and negative chamfering or rounding.

[0074] Reduce the number of times the wheel is turned over and the number of times the blade is changed. Normally, processing multiple parts needs to be processed in separate steps. Semi-finishing and finishing are completed on one machine tool. After processing the hole diameter and the chamfering or rounding of the hole mouth, turn over and process the chamfering or rounding of the other hole mouth. Manual tool adjustment is required twice. The tool rod structure 1-1 of the present invention completes the processing of multiple parts, greatly improving the processing efficiency.

[0075] Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned methods. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool bar structure for wheel fine boring, characterized in that: It comprises a spindle tool bar, on which a turning tool mechanism is provided; The turning tool mechanism comprises a transverse turning tool and a longitudinal turning tool arranged on the spindle tool bar; The transverse turning tool is arranged perpendicular to the center axis of the spindle tool bar; The longitudinal turning tool is arranged parallel to the center axis of the spindle tool bar.

2. The tool bar structure for wheel fine boring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool are eccentrically arranged on the spindle tool bar.

3. The tool bar structure for wheel fine boring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool turning mechanism further comprises a transverse tool groove and a longitudinal tool groove arranged on the spindle tool bar; the transverse tool groove is used for installing a transverse tool turning, and the longitudinal tool groove is used for installing a longitudinal tool turning.

4. The tool bar structure for wheel fine boring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transverse knife groove is connected with the longitudinal knife groove; the transverse knife groove is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal knife groove.

5. The tool bar structure for wheel fine boring according to claim 2, characterized in that: A material-reducing groove is provided on the side of the spindle tool rod, and a mounting hole is provided on the spindle tool rod, and the mounting hole is arranged in the material-reducing groove; the mounting hole is connected to the transverse tool groove or the longitudinal tool groove; a fastening bolt for fixing the transverse turning tool or the longitudinal turning tool is provided in the mounting hole.

6. A method for machining wheel fine boring holes based on the wheel fine boring tool bar structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The processing method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Install the wheel fine boring tool bar structure on the machine tool tool holder; adjust the positions of the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool in the wheel fine boring tool bar structure; and connect the wheel to be processed to the machine tool spindle; Step 2: The wheel is driven to rotate by the machine tool spindle, and the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool in the tool bar structure process the wheel hub hole; Step 3: After step 2 is completed, the processing of the wheel hub hole is completed.

7. A wheel precision boring processing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 2, both the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool can be used to perform processing operations on the hub hole of the wheel.

8. A wheel precision boring processing method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 2, the transverse turning tool is required to first perform rough machining on the hub hole of the wheel; then the transverse turning tool is controlled to perform chamfering on the end of the hub hole close to the machine tool spindle; then the longitudinal turning tool is controlled to perform chamfering on the end of the hub hole away from the machine tool spindle; and then the inner wall of the hub hole is finely machined.

9. A wheel precision boring processing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: When using a transverse turning tool to rough-process the hub hole, the single-side allowance of the hub hole rough-processing is required to be no more than 0.5mm.

10. A wheel precision boring processing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 2, when the transverse turning tool and the longitudinal turning tool perform corresponding cutting operations respectively, the main shaft of the machine tool rotates in opposite directions.

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