Bolt fastening device for high-voltage transmission line iron tower

Abstract

The bolt fastening device for the high-voltage transmission line iron tower comprises a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is connected with a ratchet and pawl mechanism through a sleeve assembly, the ratchet and pawl mechanism is used for clamping bolts with different outer diameters, and the driving mechanism firstly drives the ratchet and pawl mechanism and the bolts to rotate clockwise through the sleeve assembly; then the sleeve assembly is only driven to rotate anticlockwise, so that reciprocating motion is achieved, and bolt fastening is achieved; the ratchet wheel and pawl mechanism is of a nested structure and sequentially comprises a ratchet wheel connecting ring, a ratchet wheel and a pawl assembly from outside to inside, the pawl assembly comprises a plurality of pawls which are connected end to end in a matched mode to define a regular polygon structure, the regular polygon structure is matched with a bolt in appearance, and the outer side of the ratchet wheel connecting ring is connected with a sleeve assembly. Partial areas of the inner side of the ratchet wheel are meshed with the ratchet wheel, the inner side of the ratchet wheel is connected with the pawl assembly, the ratchet wheel is manually driven to rotate so as to drive the pawls to move relatively, and therefore the size of a regular polygon defined by the pawls is changed so as to adapt to bolts with different outer diameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electric locking equipment, and in particular relates to a bolt fastening device for a high-voltage transmission line iron tower. Background Art

[0002] Traditionally, bolt tightening of high-voltage transmission line towers is mainly done manually or with pneumatic tools. Manual tightening has problems such as low precision, low efficiency, and easy errors. Existing pneumatic tools can make up for the shortcomings of manual tightening to a certain extent. However, existing pneumatic tools still have such problems: when the bolt specifications faced by pneumatic tools are different, it is necessary to frequently replace bolt sleeves or bolt grippers and other structural parts for fixing bolts. The process of unloading and installing bolt sleeves or bolt grippers will bring a lot of manual workload, reducing the degree of automation of bolt tightening work, and there is a hidden danger that the bolt sleeves or bolt grippers are not installed in place. At the same time, under the condition of long-term continuous application of torque, the torque applied by the pneumatic tool to the bolt may cause damage to both the bolt and the bolt sleeve. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a high-voltage transmission line tower bolt fastening device. To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0004] A bolt fastening device for a high-voltage transmission line iron tower comprises a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is connected to a ratchet pawl mechanism through a sleeve assembly, wherein the ratchet pawl mechanism is used to clamp bolts of different outer diameters, wherein the driving mechanism first drives the ratchet pawl mechanism together with the bolt to rotate clockwise through the sleeve assembly, and then drives only the sleeve assembly to rotate counterclockwise, thereby reciprocating to achieve bolt fastening;

[0005] The ratchet pawl mechanism adopts a nested structure, which includes a ratchet connecting ring, a ratchet and a pawl assembly from the outside to the inside. The pawl assembly includes a plurality of pawls that are connected end to end to form a regular polygon structure, and its regular polygon structure matches the shape of the bolt. The outer side of the ratchet connecting ring is connected to the sleeve assembly, and a partial area of ​​the inner side is engaged with the ratchet. The inner side of the ratchet is connected to the pawl assembly. The ratchet is manually driven to rotate to drive the relative movement between the pawls, thereby changing the size of the regular polygon formed by them to adapt to bolts with different outer diameters.

[0006] By driving the ratchet wheel to rotate independently, the size of the regular polygon formed by the pawl assembly can be adjusted to accommodate bolts with different outer diameters, avoiding frequent replacement of bolt sleeves during actual operation, greatly reducing the workload of staff, improving work efficiency, and increasing the intelligence level of the entire device. At the same time, the bolt is tightened by a reciprocating motion of first rotating clockwise and then counterclockwise, which can avoid damage that may be caused by the continuous application of torque to the bolt and reduce the possibility of damage risk.

[0007] Furthermore, the ratchet connecting ring and the ratchet wheel are partially meshed with each other by a worm gear structure, the lower parts of the ratchets are connected end to end, and the upper parts are rotatably connected to the ratchet wheel through their respective fixed rings and rotatably connected to the ratchet connecting ring through their respective moving rings.

[0008] By manually driving the worm gear structure to move, the ratchet wheel is driven to rotate, so as to drive each fixed ring to rotate in the same direction relative to the corresponding moving ring at the same time, so that each ratchet claw moves relative to each other, thereby changing the size of the regular polygon formed by them.

[0009] With the self-locking function of the worm gear structure, it is convenient to adjust the size of the regular polygon surrounded by the pawl assembly, and the size of the regular polygon after each adjustment can be locked without adding additional locking components, which helps to simplify the structure.

[0010] Further, the pawl comprises a rectangular plate, a strip is provided at the bottom edge of the rectangular plate, the head end of the strip is exposed outside the rectangular plate, a C-shaped notch is provided thereon, and the tail end thereof is tilted upward in an arc line.

[0011] A strip opening is provided at the upper part of the rectangular plate, two concentric fixing rings are arranged in parallel and spaced apart at one end of the strip opening, and a guide protrusion and a connecting shaft are arranged at the other end, both of which are exposed outside the rectangular plate, and the fixing ring and the C-shaped notch are respectively located on two opposite sides of the rectangular plate, the guide protrusion and the C-shaped notch are on the same side of the rectangular plate, and the fixing ring is rotatably connected to the ratchet.

[0012] One end of the movable ring is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft, and the other end is rotatably connected to the ratchet connecting ring.

[0013] The C-shaped notch of the front pawl is snap-fitted with the arc-shaped raised portion of the rear pawl, and the guide protrusion of the front pawl is plug-fitted with the strip-shaped opening of the rear pawl, thereby forming a regular polygonal structure.

[0014] The regular polygon structure surrounded by the ratchet assembly is composed of various rectangular plates that jointly clamp the bolts to achieve adaptation of the bolts. At the same time, the guiding effect between the guide protrusions and the strip openings is utilized to ensure the stability of the ratchet assembly adjustment.

[0015] Furthermore, the ratchet comprises a first cylindrical ring body with a thin-walled hollow structure, a plurality of first connecting columns are evenly spaced between the upper and lower ring surfaces of the first cylindrical ring body, each of the first connecting columns is rotatably connected to the fixing ring of the corresponding pawl, and waist-shaped holes are correspondingly opened on the ring surface between each two first connecting columns, and a ring gear is arranged on the bottom surface of the lower ring surface;

[0016] The ratchet connecting ring includes a second cylindrical ring body with a thin-walled hollow structure. The second cylindrical ring body has no upper ring surface. A plurality of second connecting columns are evenly spaced on the top surface of the lower ring surface. The number of the second connecting columns is the same as the number of the first connecting columns and the pawls. The second connecting columns correspond to the waist-shaped holes passing through the first cylindrical ring body and are rotatably connected to the moving ring of the corresponding pawls.

[0017] A circular ring with a notch is provided on the bottom surface of the lower annular surface of the second cylindrical annular body, and a worm is rotatably connected at the notch position, and the worm is meshed with some triangular teeth of the annular gear.

[0018] A circle of helical teeth is embedded in the outer surface of the side wall of the second cylindrical ring body, which is connected to the sleeve assembly through a movable push rod. One end of the movable push rod is against the tooth groove of the helical teeth, and the other end is rotatably connected to the sleeve assembly.

[0019] Furthermore, the number of the ratchets is six, and the six ratchets are connected end to end to form a regular hexagonal structure.

[0020] Furthermore, the sleeve assembly includes an outer ring in the form of a table tennis racket, the outer ring is nested inside one end of the sleeve, the handle portion is connected to the sleeve, and the other end of the sleeve is connected to the output shaft of the driving mechanism;

[0021] The racket face of the outer ring is mounted on the side wall of the ratchet connecting ring, and the handle portion is provided with an open cavity for accommodating a movable push rod. One end of the movable push rod passes through the opening of the open cavity and abuts against the tooth groove of the helical tooth, and the other end is rotatably arranged inside the open cavity.

[0022] The driving mechanism drives the sleeve to rotate clockwise, and drives the ratchet connecting ring, the ratchet, the pawl assembly and the clamped bolt to rotate clockwise through the movable push rod, thereby achieving bolt tightening;

[0023] The driving mechanism drives the sleeve to rotate counterclockwise, and one end of the movable push rod slides along the side wall of the ratchet connecting ring to ensure the unidirectional rotation of the bolt.

[0024] Furthermore, the sleeve is provided with two sections, one section has a large inner diameter and is used to install the ratchet and pawl mechanism, and the other section has a small inner diameter and is used to connect the driving mechanism.

[0025] Furthermore, the movable push rod includes a cross bar and a vertical bar in a T-shaped structure, and an auxiliary support rod is arranged on the side of the cross bar, and the auxiliary support rod is used to provide a stopping force acting on the movable push rod when the sleeve rotates clockwise, so as to ensure that the movable push rod, the ratchet connecting ring, the ratchet, the pawl assembly and the clamped bolt rotate clockwise together.

[0026] The free end of the cross rod abuts against the tooth groove of the helical tooth, and the two free ends of the vertical rod are rotatably connected inside the open cavity.

[0027] When the driving mechanism drives the sleeve to rotate clockwise, the auxiliary support rod will abut against the side wall of the open cavity, providing a stopping force to react on the movable push rod, preventing the movable push rod from rotating, so that the movable push rod can push the ratchet connecting ring, the ratchet, the pawl assembly and the clamped bolt to rotate clockwise, thereby achieving bolt tightening; and when the driving mechanism drives the sleeve to rotate counterclockwise, there is no stopping force provided by the auxiliary support rod, and the movable push rod can rotate relatively, so that it can slide along the side wall of the ratchet connecting ring, and no thrust is generated on the ratchet connecting ring, thereby not driving the bolt to rotate counterclockwise, ensuring that the bolt can be tightened by unidirectional rotation.

[0028] Furthermore, a support rod is included, which extends from the side wall of the device housing to the ratchet pawl mechanism and is flush with the clamping top surface of the ratchet pawl mechanism. When the bolt is tightened, the support rod can just contact the ground, share part of the torque applied to the bolt, and play a certain protective effect on the bolt.

[0029] Furthermore, the device body includes a columnar cabin, which is used to load the driving mechanism. A C-shaped cabin is arranged on the side of the columnar cabin, and the C-shaped cabin serves as a handle. A battery is arranged inside and a power switch is arranged outside.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The worm drives the ratchet to rotate, causing the fixed rings of each ratchet to move, and the moving ring set on the ratchet connecting ring will also rotate relatively, so that the size of the regular polygon formed by the ratchet assembly for clamping the bolt changes, achieving the effect of adapting to bolts of different specifications without frequent replacement of bolt sleeves;

[0032] 2. The movable push rod is used to realize the movable connection between the sleeve assembly and the ratchet pawl mechanism, so that when the driving mechanism drives the sleeve assembly to rotate clockwise, the movable push rod is connected to the ratchet pawl mechanism, so that the ratchet pawl mechanism and the clamped screw can rotate clockwise together, thereby realizing the bolt tightening. When the driving mechanism drives the sleeve assembly to rotate counterclockwise, the movable push rod is not connected to the ratchet pawl mechanism, ensuring the unidirectional rotation of the bolt and removing the torque applied to the bolt at the same time. Repeating this process of constantly changing the rotation direction of the driving mechanism, the bolt is continuously tightened, which can avoid long-term continuous application of torque to the bolt and damage to the sleeve assembly and the bolt;

[0033] 3. By setting a support rod that can just support the ground when tightening the bolt, the torque applied by the device to the bolt is shared, thus protecting the bolt;

[0034] 4. A pawl structure with a guiding function is designed to ensure the stability and accuracy of the relative movement between the pawls. At the same time, with the help of the rotation coordination of the first connecting column, the second connecting column, the movable ring and the fixed ring, the nested assembly of the entire pawl assembly inside the ratchet can be completed, and it is convenient to use the rotation of the ratchet to drive the relative movement between the pawls, adjust the size of the regular polygon formed by the pawl assembly, complete the clamping of bolts with different outer diameters, avoid frequent replacement of bolt sleeves during actual operation, greatly reduce the workload of staff, improve work efficiency, and increase the intelligence level of the entire device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the ratchet and pawl mechanism and the movable push rod in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 An exploded schematic diagram of a ratchet and pawl mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a ratchet connecting ring according to an embodiment of the present invention, and its bottom surface is provided with a sealing plate after the ratchet pawl mechanism is assembled;

[0039] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a ratchet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a pawl according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the matching structure of two pawls in an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0042] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the matching structure of two pawls in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0043] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the ratchet and pawl mechanism, the movable push rod and the outer ring in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.10 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the cooperation between the movable push rod and the outer ring of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the ratchet connecting ring and the ratchet wheel in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] In the figure: 1-device body; 2-sleeve assembly; 21-outer ring; 3-support rod; 4-ratchet and pawl mechanism; 41-ratchet connecting ring; 411-second cylindrical ring body; 412-second connecting column; 413-circular ring; 414-worm; 42-ratchet; 421-first cylindrical ring body; 422-first connecting column; 423-annular gear; 43-pawl assembly; 431-pawl; 4311-rectangular plate; 4312-strip; 4313-fixing ring; 4314-guide protrusion; 4315-connecting shaft; 4316-moving ring; 5-movable push rod; 51-cross bar; 52-vertical bar; 53-auxiliary support rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the following embodiments and drawings specifically illustrate a bolt fastening device for a high-voltage transmission line tower of the present invention. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, a bolt fastening device for a high-voltage transmission line tower in this embodiment includes a device body 1 and a sleeve assembly 2. A driving mechanism is arranged inside the device body 1, and a ratchet pawl mechanism 4 is arranged inside the sleeve assembly 2. The driving mechanism is connected to the sleeve assembly 2. When the motor of the driving mechanism is started, the sleeve assembly 2 is driven to rotate, first driving the sleeve assembly 2 to rotate clockwise, so as to drive the ratchet pawl mechanism 4 to rotate clockwise together with the bolt to achieve bolt tightening, and then only driving the sleeve assembly 2 to rotate counterclockwise to remove the torque on the bolt, while ensuring that the bolt can only rotate in one direction, so as to complete the bolt tightening by reciprocating motion, thereby avoiding long-term continuous application of torque to the bolt, causing damage to the sleeve assembly and the bolt.

[0049] like Figure 2-8As shown, the ratchet pawl mechanism 4 adopts a nested structure, which includes a ratchet connecting ring 41, a ratchet 42 and a pawl assembly 43 from the outside to the inside. The pawl assembly 43 includes a plurality of pawls 431 that are connected end to end to form a regular polygon structure, and the opening of the regular polygon structure matches the outer diameter of the bolt. The outer side of the ratchet connecting ring 41 is connected to the sleeve assembly 2, and a partial area of ​​the inner side is engaged with the ratchet 42. The inner side of the ratchet 42 is connected to the pawl assembly 43. The ratchet is manually driven to rotate to drive the relative movement between the pawls, thereby changing the size of the regular polygon formed by them to adapt to bolts with different outer diameters.

[0050] A turbine worm structure can be used to achieve partial engagement between the ratchet connecting ring 41 and the ratchet 42. The lower parts of the ratchets are connected end to end, and the upper parts are rotatably connected to the ratchet 42 through their own fixed rings, and are rotatably connected to the ratchet connecting ring 41 through their own movable rings. In this way, the turbine worm structure is manually driven to move, and the ratchet 42 is driven to rotate, so as to drive the various fixed rings to rotate in the same direction relative to the corresponding movable rings at the same time, so that the various ratchets 431 move relative to each other, that is, they shrink inward or expand outward at the same time, thereby changing the size of the regular polygon they form. At the same time, with the self-locking function of the turbine worm structure, it is convenient to adjust the size of the regular polygon formed by the ratchet assembly, and the size of the regular polygon after each adjustment can be locked without the need for additional locking components, which helps to simplify the structure.

[0051] Specifically, Figure 6-8 As shown, the pawl 431 includes a rectangular plate 4311, the side of the rectangular plate 4311 facing the regular polygonal opening is a flat structure, and the back side can be an arc surface structure, so as to facilitate the clamping of the bolt. A strip 4312 is provided at the bottom edge of the rectangular plate 4311, the head end of the strip 4312 is exposed outside the rectangular plate 4311, and a C-shaped notch is provided thereon, and the tail end thereof is tilted upward in an arc, so that the C-shaped notch of the front pawl and the arc tilted of the rear pawl are snap-fitted, so that the pawls can be connected together head to tail, and at the same time, the C-shaped notch can be prevented from being separated from the arc tilt;

[0052] A strip opening is provided at the upper part of the rectangular plate 4311, and two concentric fixing rings 4313 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart at one end of the strip opening, and a guide protrusion 4314 and a connecting shaft 4315 are arranged at the other end, which are all exposed on the outside of the rectangular plate 4311, and the fixing ring 4313 and the C-shaped notch are respectively located on the opposite sides of the rectangular plate 4311, and the guide protrusion 4313 is on the same side of the rectangular plate with the C-shaped notch, and the fixing ring 4313 is rotatably connected to the ratchet 42. We can set the direction of the strip opening to be consistent with the direction of the strip 4312, and to be opened close to the top edge of the rectangular plate 4311, and at the same time, the extension direction of the guide protrusion 4314 is in the same direction as the strip opening, so that it can be inserted into the strip opening of the adjacent ratchet to achieve a guiding effect, which is more conducive to the movement and coordination between the ratchet pawls;

[0053] Two ears protruding outward may be provided at the other end of the strip-shaped opening, and the connecting shaft 4315 is provided between the two ears, which can leave space for the rotation of the movable ring 4316. The movable ring 4316 can be designed as a strip-shaped thin sheet, with a circular hole provided at each end. The circular hole at one end is rotatably mounted on the connecting shaft 4315, and the circular hole at the other end is rotatably connected to the ratchet connecting ring 41.

[0054] In this way, with the help of the rotational cooperation between the fixed ring, the movable ring, the ratchet and the ratchet connecting ring, the pawl assembly can be assembled inside the ratchet to achieve a nested connection between the two. The C-shaped notch of the front pawl and the arc-shaped raised card fit of the rear pawl, and the guide protrusion of the front pawl and the strip-shaped opening of the rear pawl can be inserted into and fit together to form an opening with a regular polygonal structure that fits the bolt. The bolt is clamped together by the rectangular plates of each pawl, and the guiding effect between the guide protrusion and the strip-shaped opening is utilized to ensure the stability and accuracy of the adjustment of the ratchet assembly.

[0055] like Figure 5 As shown, the ratchet 42 includes a first cylindrical ring body 421 with a thin-walled hollow structure, and a plurality of first connecting columns 422 are evenly spaced between the upper and lower ring surfaces of the first cylindrical ring body 421. Each first connecting column 422 is rotatably connected to a fixing ring 4313 of a corresponding ratchet 431. The fixing ring 4313 can be mounted on the first connecting column 422, and waist-shaped holes are correspondingly opened on the ring surface between each two first connecting columns 422, that is, they are opened at corresponding positions of the upper and lower ring surfaces. The waist-shaped holes can be arc-shaped structures that fit the ring surfaces. A ring gear 423 is arranged on the bottom surface of the lower ring surface, and the triangular teeth of the ring gear 423 are all facing outwards, so as to facilitate the cooperation with the worm on the ratchet connecting ring 41.

[0056] like Figure 4As shown, the ratchet connecting ring 41 includes a second cylindrical ring body 411 with a thin-walled hollow structure. The second cylindrical ring body 411 has no upper ring surface so that the ratchet connecting ring 41 can be mounted on the ratchet 42. A plurality of second connecting columns 412 are evenly arranged on the top surface of the lower ring surface. The number of the second connecting columns 412 is the same as the number of the first connecting columns 422 and the ratchet pawl 431, and six of them can be arranged. Fig.11 As shown, when assembled, they all pass through the waist-shaped holes of the first cylindrical ring body 421 and are rotatably connected with the movable ring 4316 of the corresponding ratchet 431.

[0057] A circular ring 413 with a notch is provided on the bottom surface of the lower ring surface of the second cylindrical ring body 411, and a mounting hole for assembling a worm 414 is reserved at the notch position, so that the worm 414 is connected to the ratchet connecting ring 41 and is convenient for rotation. In this way, when the ratchet connecting ring 41 is mounted on the ratchet 42, the worm 414 can mesh with some triangular teeth of the annular gear 423. By manually rotating the worm 414, the annular gear 423 can be driven to rotate together with the first cylindrical ring body 421, so that each fixed ring 4313 connected thereto rotates in the same direction relative to the moving ring 4316 at the same time, so as to promote each ratchet pawl 43 1 moves relative to each other, thereby changing the size of the regular polygon formed. In this process, the two ends of the moving ring are respectively connected to the ratchet connecting ring and the pawl for rotation, and the worm only rotates around its own axial direction and does not drive the ratchet connecting ring to rotate. Therefore, the position between the moving ring and the ratchet connecting ring does not move, thereby providing support for the pawl assembly, and the worm rotating around its own axial direction can drive the annular gear to rotate, so that each fixed ring rotates in the same direction at the same time, thereby driving each pawl to shrink inward or expand outward at the same time, so as to change the size of the regular polygon formed.

[0058] In order to drive the unidirectional rotation of the bolt, a circle of helical teeth is embedded in the outer surface of the side wall of the second cylindrical ring body 411, which is connected to the sleeve assembly 2 through a movable push rod 5. One end of the movable push rod 5 is against the tooth groove of the helical teeth, and the other end is rotatably connected to the sleeve assembly 2.

[0059] like Figure 9-10 As shown, the sleeve assembly 2 includes an outer ring 21 in the form of a table tennis racket structure, the outer ring 21 is nested inside one end of the sleeve, the handle portion is connected to the sleeve, and the connection between the handle portion and the sleeve can be achieved by means of a mortise and tenon structure such as a dovetail groove and a notch, and the other end of the sleeve is connected to the output shaft of the driving mechanism so that the power of the driving mechanism is transmitted to the outer ring 21 via the sleeve; in order to facilitate the bearing of the ratchet and pawl mechanism, the sleeve can adopt a two-section structure, one section has a large inner diameter, and the entire ratchet and pawl mechanism can be arranged inside, and the other section has a small inner diameter, which is convenient for connecting the output shaft of the driving mechanism;

[0060] The racket face of the outer ring 21 is mounted on the side wall of the ratchet connecting ring 41, and the handle portion is provided with an open cavity for accommodating a movable push rod. One end of the movable push rod 5 passes through the opening of the open cavity and abuts against the tooth groove of the bevel tooth, and the other end is rotatably arranged inside the open cavity. Specifically, the movable push rod 5 includes a cross bar 51 and a vertical bar 52 in a T-shaped structure, and an auxiliary support rod 53 is arranged on the side of the cross bar 51. The auxiliary support rod 53 is used to provide a stopping force acting on the movable push rod 5 when the sleeve rotates clockwise, to ensure that the movable push rod 5, the ratchet connecting ring 41, the ratchet 42, the pawl assembly 43 and the clamping bolt rotate clockwise together, the free end of the cross bar 52 abuts against the tooth groove of the bevel tooth, and the two free ends of the vertical rod 52 are rotatably connected inside the open cavity, and through holes that cooperate with the free ends of the vertical rod 52 can be opened at corresponding positions on the upper and lower side walls of the open cavity to achieve rotational connection.

[0061] In this way, when the driving mechanism drives the sleeve to rotate clockwise, the auxiliary support rod will abut against the side wall of the open cavity, providing a stopping force to react on the movable push rod, preventing the movable push rod from rotating, so that the movable push rod can push the ratchet connecting ring, the ratchet, the pawl assembly and the clamped bolt to rotate clockwise together, thereby achieving bolt tightening;

[0062] When the driving mechanism drives the sleeve to rotate counterclockwise, there is no stopping force provided by the auxiliary support rod, and the movable push rod can rotate relatively, so that it can slide along the side wall of the ratchet connecting ring, and no thrust is generated on the ratchet connecting ring, thereby not driving the bolt to rotate counterclockwise, ensuring that the bolt can be tightened by unidirectional rotation.

[0063] We also set a support rod 3 on the side of the device body 1, which extends from the side wall of the device body 1 to the ratchet pawl mechanism and is flush with the clamping top surface of the ratchet pawl mechanism. When tightening the bolt, the support rod 3 can just contact the ground, share part of the torque applied to the bolt, and play a certain protective effect on the bolt.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, the device body 1 includes a cylindrical cabin loaded with a driving mechanism, which uses an asynchronous permanent magnet synchronous motor as the main power source and has its own Hall sensor, which can achieve precise control and stable operation; a sleeve assembly 2 and a support rod 3 are provided at the front end of the cylindrical cabin, and a C-shaped cabin is connected to the side, the interior of the C-shaped cabin is loaded with a battery and a torque sensor, and the exterior is provided with a power switch, a torque display screen, etc. At the same time, the C-shaped cabin can also serve as a handle, which is convenient for the operator to hold and perform tightening operations.

[0065] When the bolt tightening device of the present invention is working, the worm is first adjusted manually to change the size of the regular polygon formed by the pawl assembly to clamp the bolt, and then the motor of the driving mechanism is started to drive the sleeve assembly to rotate clockwise. At this time, the movable push rod is blocked by the stopping force of the auxiliary support rod and cannot rotate relatively, thereby pushing the ratchet connecting ring, the ratchet, the pawl assembly and the clamped bolt to rotate together to tighten the bolt. When the bolt is tightened to a certain extent, the motor is rotated in the opposite direction to drive the sleeve assembly to rotate counterclockwise to remove the torque applied to the bolt. The process of constantly changing the rotation direction of the motor is repeated to continuously tighten the bolt while avoiding long-term continuous application of torque to the bolt to cause damage to the sleeve and the bolt. Finally, after the bolt is tightened, the worm is manually adjusted to change the size of the regular polygon formed by the pawl assembly to release the bolt clamping.

[0066] The above-mentioned implementation modes are preferred cases of the present invention and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Various deformations or modifications that can be made by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work within the scope of the attached claims are still within the protection scope of this patent.

Claims

1. A bolt fastening device for a high-voltage transmission line tower, characterized in that: The drive mechanism comprises a driving mechanism, which is connected to a ratchet and pawl mechanism through a sleeve assembly, and the ratchet and pawl mechanism is used to clamp bolts with different outer diameters. The driving mechanism first drives the ratchet and pawl mechanism together with the bolt to rotate clockwise through the sleeve assembly, and then drives only the sleeve assembly to rotate counterclockwise, thereby reciprocating to achieve bolt tightening; The ratchet pawl mechanism adopts a nested structure, which includes a ratchet connecting ring, a ratchet and a pawl assembly from the outside to the inside. The pawl assembly includes a plurality of pawls that are connected end to end to form a regular polygon structure, and its regular polygon structure matches the shape of the bolt. The outer side of the ratchet connecting ring is connected to the sleeve assembly, and a partial area of ​​the inner side is engaged with the ratchet. The inner side of the ratchet is connected to the pawl assembly. The ratchet is manually driven to rotate to drive the relative movement between the pawls, thereby changing the size of the regular polygon formed by them to adapt to bolts with different outer diameters.

2. The bolt fastening device for a high-voltage transmission line tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratchet connecting ring and the ratchet wheel are partially meshed by a worm gear structure, the lower parts of the ratchets are connected end to end, and the upper parts are rotatably connected to the ratchet wheel through their respective fixed rings and rotatably connected to the ratchet connecting ring through their respective moving rings. By manually driving the worm gear structure to move, the ratchet wheel is driven to rotate, so as to drive each fixed ring to rotate in the same direction relative to the corresponding moving ring at the same time, so that each ratchet claw moves relative to each other, thereby changing the size of the regular polygon formed by them.

3. The bolt fastening device for a high-voltage transmission line tower according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pawl comprises a rectangular plate, a strip is arranged at the bottom edge of the rectangular plate, the head end of the strip is exposed outside the rectangular plate, a C-shaped notch is arranged on the strip, and the tail end thereof is tilted upward in an arc line. A strip opening is provided at the upper part of the rectangular plate, two concentric fixing rings are arranged in parallel and spaced apart at one end of the strip opening, and a guide protrusion and a connecting shaft are arranged at the other end, both of which are exposed outside the rectangular plate, and the fixing ring and the C-shaped notch are respectively located on two opposite sides of the rectangular plate, the guide protrusion and the C-shaped notch are on the same side of the rectangular plate, and the fixing ring is rotatably connected to the ratchet. One end of the movable ring is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft, and the other end is rotatably connected to the ratchet connecting ring. The C-shaped notch of the front pawl is snap-fitted with the arc-shaped raised portion of the rear pawl, and the guide protrusion of the front pawl is plug-fitted with the strip-shaped opening of the rear pawl, thereby forming a regular polygonal structure.

4. The bolt fastening device for a high-voltage transmission line tower according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ratchet comprises a first cylindrical ring body with a thin-walled hollow structure, a plurality of first connecting columns are evenly spaced between the upper and lower ring surfaces of the first cylindrical ring body, each of the first connecting columns is rotatably connected to the fixing ring of the corresponding ratchet pawl, and waist-shaped holes are correspondingly opened on the ring surface between each two first connecting columns, and a ring gear is arranged on the bottom surface of the lower ring surface; The ratchet connecting ring includes a second cylindrical ring body with a thin-walled hollow structure. The second cylindrical ring body has no upper ring surface. A plurality of second connecting columns are evenly spaced on the top surface of the lower ring surface. The number of the second connecting columns is the same as the number of the first connecting columns and the pawls. The second connecting columns correspond to the waist-shaped holes passing through the first cylindrical ring body and are rotatably connected to the moving ring of the corresponding pawls. A circular ring with a notch is provided on the bottom surface of the lower annular surface of the second cylindrical annular body, and a worm is rotatably connected at the notch position, and the worm is meshed with some triangular teeth of the annular gear. A circle of helical teeth is embedded in the outer surface of the side wall of the second cylindrical ring body, which is connected to the sleeve assembly through a movable push rod. One end of the movable push rod is against the tooth groove of the helical teeth, and the other end is rotatably connected to the sleeve assembly.

5. The bolt fastening device for a high-voltage transmission line tower according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of the ratchets is six, and the six ratchets are connected end to end to form a regular hexagonal structure.

6. The bolt fastening device for a high-voltage transmission line tower according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sleeve assembly comprises an outer ring in the form of a table tennis racket structure, the outer ring is nested inside one end of the sleeve, the handle portion is connected to the sleeve, and the other end of the sleeve is connected to the output shaft of the driving mechanism; The racket face of the outer ring is mounted on the side wall of the ratchet connecting ring, and the handle portion is provided with an open cavity for accommodating a movable push rod. One end of the movable push rod passes through the opening of the open cavity and abuts against the tooth groove of the helical tooth, and the other end is rotatably arranged inside the open cavity. The driving mechanism drives the sleeve to rotate clockwise, and drives the ratchet connecting ring, the ratchet, the pawl assembly and the clamped bolt to rotate clockwise through the movable push rod, thereby achieving bolt tightening; The driving mechanism drives the sleeve to rotate counterclockwise, and one end of the movable push rod slides along the side wall of the ratchet connecting ring to ensure the unidirectional rotation of the bolt.

7. The bolt fastening device for a high-voltage transmission line tower according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sleeve is provided with two sections, one section has a large inner diameter and is used for installing a ratchet pawl mechanism, and the other section has a small inner diameter and is used for connecting a driving mechanism.

8. The bolt fastening device for a high-voltage transmission line tower according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable push rod comprises a cross bar and a vertical bar in a T-shaped structure, and an auxiliary support rod is arranged on the side of the cross bar, and the auxiliary support rod is used to provide a stopping force acting on the movable push rod when the sleeve rotates clockwise, so as to ensure that the movable push rod, the ratchet connecting ring, the ratchet, the pawl assembly and the clamped bolt rotate clockwise together. The free end of the cross rod abuts against the tooth groove of the helical tooth, and the two free ends of the vertical rod are rotatably connected inside the open cavity.

9. The bolt fastening device for a high-voltage transmission line tower according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a support rod, which extends from the side wall of the device body toward the ratchet and pawl mechanism and is flush with the clamping top surface of the ratchet and pawl mechanism.

10. The bolt fastening device for a high-voltage transmission line tower according to claim 9, characterized in that: The device body comprises a columnar cabin body, which is used to load the driving mechanism. A C-shaped cabin body is arranged on the side of the columnar cabin body, and the C-shaped cabin body serves as a handle. A battery is arranged inside the C-shaped cabin body, and a power switch is arranged outside the C-shaped cabin body.

Images