Tool changing structure of precision numerical control machining center

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machining, in particular to a tool changing structure of a precision numerical control machining center, which comprises a tool magazine, a tool changing arm, a main shaft, a tool and a tool sleeve, a tool sleeve hole is formed in the main shaft, the tool is detachably mounted on the tool sleeve, the tool sleeve is detachably and fixedly mounted in the tool sleeve hole, and four guide rails are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the main shaft. The linkage assembly and the triggering assembly are arranged on the sliding block, the cutter sleeve makes contact with the sliding block in the process that the cutter sleeve moves towards the cutter sleeve hole, if the cutter sleeve inclines, the linkage assembly can clamp the sliding block, and at the moment, the sliding block can adjust the cutter sleeve; and if the cutter sleeve cannot be adjusted to a normal state, a stop button of the assembly is triggered, so that the problem of equipment damage caused by collision between the cutter sleeve and the edge of the cutter sleeve hole due to inclination of the cutter sleeve is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machining, in particular to a tool changing structure of a precision numerical control machining center. Background Art

[0002] Precision CNC machining center is a high-efficiency automated machine tool suitable for machining complex parts. It consists of mechanical equipment and CNC system. It realizes automated machining of workpieces by programming and controlling the machine tool's feed, spindle speed, cutting tool selection and other parameters. Precision CNC machining center has a variety of machining process technology means, including milling, boring, drilling, tapping and thread cutting functions.

[0003] At present, the tool changing structure inside the conventional precision CNC machining center includes a mechanical tool changer. Grippers are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the mechanical tool changer. The mechanical tool changer is controlled to replace manual operations such as tool grabbing, tool selection and tool changing. During the tool insertion process of the mechanical tool changer, the tool sleeve tilts due to the aging of the mechanical gripper and insufficient gripping force. At this time, the axis of the tool sleeve and the tool sleeve hole do not coincide, resulting in a collision between the conical surface of the tool sleeve and the edge of the tool sleeve hole when the tool is inserted upward, which causes plastic deformation of the edge material, which is then torn off and causes damage to the tool and the tool sleeve hole.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the prior art provides some solutions. For example, patent application number: CN202310475163.4 provides a tool magazine manipulator and a tool changing device, including a housing and a pair of knife plates arranged in the housing, one end of the knife plate extends out of the housing to form a knife claw, and the two knife claws are arranged oppositely to form a knife edge; it also includes a first elastic sheet and a second elastic sheet, the two knife plates are respectively fixed on the two ends of the first elastic sheet, both are provided with guide grooves, the middle part of the second elastic sheet is protruding, and the two ends move along the set trajectory under the restriction of the guide groove, in an elastic compression state; the two ends of the first elastic sheet buckle inward in a free state, and the middle position of the second elastic sheet is initially in contact with the entering tool, and the two ends move toward the inside of the housing along the guide groove under the pressure of the tool, so that the two knife claws are respectively separated to open the knife edge, and the tool is clamped again by approaching; after the tool is removed, it automatically resets to the initial state; this design can extend the service life of the tool magazine manipulator, but it is still difficult to avoid the aging of the elastic sheet inside the tool magazine manipulator after a long time, thereby causing the tool to tilt. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tool changing structure for a precision CNC machining center to solve the problem that when a mechanical tool changer is inserting a tool, if the axis of the tool sleeve hole does not coincide with the axis of the tool, the cone surface on the tool sleeve collides with the edge of the tool sleeve hole during the process of inserting the tool upward, thereby causing plastic deformation of the edge material, which is then torn off and causes damage to the tool and the tool sleeve hole.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A tool changing structure for a precision CNC machining center comprises a tool magazine, a tool changing arm, a spindle, a tool and a tool sleeve, wherein a tool sleeve hole is provided on the spindle, the tool can be detachably fixedly mounted on the tool sleeve, and the tool sleeve can be detachably fixedly mounted inside the tool sleeve hole, four guide rails are evenly distributed on the circumference of the spindle, and sliders are slidably connected to the four guide rails, and a linkage component is also provided on the slider, the linkage component connects the four sliders, when the four sliders are all subjected to force, the four sliders move simultaneously, when less than or equal to three sliders are subjected to force, the linkage component limits the movement of the slider, a trigger component with a stop button is provided inside the slider, the stop button is electrically connected to the emergency stop button of the precision CNC machining center, and the stop button of the trigger component is pressed when the linkage component limits the sliding of the slider.

[0008] It is easy to understand that the present invention further provides a linkage assembly and a trigger assembly on the slider. When the tool sleeve moves toward the tool sleeve hole, the tool sleeve will contact the slider. If the tool sleeve is tilted, the linkage assembly will jam the slider. At this time, the slider will adjust the inclination of the tool sleeve. If the tool sleeve is adjusted back to a normal state, the tool sleeve will continue to be installed. If it cannot be adjusted to a normal state, the trigger assembly will trigger the emergency stop button of the precision CNC machining center to stop the precision CNC machining center. This design avoids the problem that the tool sleeve will collide with the edge of the tool sleeve hole due to the tilt of the tool sleeve, thereby causing damage to the equipment.

[0009] Preferably, the trigger assembly includes a pressing block, a pressing chamber is provided on the slider, the pressing block is slidably connected in the pressing chamber, two springs 1 are arranged between the pressing block and the pressing chamber, a locking chamber is also provided inside the slider, a connecting rod 1 is fixedly connected to the pressing block, one end of the connecting rod 1 extends into the locking chamber, one end of the connecting rod 1 located in the locking chamber is hinged to a connecting rod 2, a torsion spring is provided at the hinge between the connecting rod 2 and the connecting rod 1, a contact hole is provided at the bottom of the slider, a locking groove is also provided on the guide rail, a ratchet is also provided inside the locking groove, a pawl is hinged on the connecting rod 2, and the contact hole One side is provided with an arc surface 1, and the connecting rod 2 is in contact with the arc surface 1. The pawl extends to the outside of the slider through the contact hole and contacts the ratchet. When the ratchet contacts the pawl, the ratchet limits the slider from moving toward the outside of the main shaft. When the pressing block moves toward the inside of the slider, the pawl moves away from the ratchet and moves toward the inside of the slider. Two reset chambers are also provided at the bottom of the guide rail, and two push plates are fixedly connected to the bottom of the slider. A spring 2 is provided between the push plate and the inner wall of the reset chamber. The stop button is slidably connected to the inside of the slider. When the pressing block moves toward the inside of the slider, the connecting rod 1 contacts the stop button, and chamfers are provided on the upper and lower sides of one end of the pressing block.

[0010] It is easy to understand that the design is provided with a pressing block on the slider and a connecting rod 1 on the pressing block, and the connecting rod 1 locks the movement of the slider by controlling the connecting rod 2 and the pawl on the connecting rod 2 to cooperate with the ratchet on the guide rail. In addition, the connecting rod 1 can not only control the movement of the slider by controlling the movement of the pawl, but also contact the stop button inside the slider through its own movement to control the tool changing structure of the precision CNC machining center to stop when an abnormality occurs in the installation of the tool sleeve. The design is not only simple and compact in structure, but also can complete the locking of the slider and the stopping of the equipment only through the connecting rod 2, saving space inside the slider, reducing costs and the difficulty of subsequent maintenance.

[0011] Preferably, the linkage assembly includes contact rod 1 and contact rod 2, four contact chambers are evenly distributed on the circumference of the main shaft, the contact chambers are connected to the guide rail, the contact rod 1 and contact rod 2 are both slidably installed inside the contact chambers, the contact rod 1 and contact rod 2 are both fixedly connected to the slider, and the contact rod 1 (419) on any slider (403) contacts the contact rod 2 (420) on the adjacent slider (403).

[0012] It is easy to understand that the design sets contact rod 1 and contact rod 2 on the slider, and the contact rod 1 on each slider is closer to the tool sleeve hole than the contact rod 2 on the adjacent slider. This makes it possible for the sliders on the spindle to not move at the same time, and the contact rod 2 on the unmoved slider will restrict the contact rod 1 of the adjacent moving slider, so that all the sliders on the spindle cannot move. Therefore, if the tool sleeve is not tilted, the sliders around the tool sleeve will be squeezed by the tool sleeve and move in all directions. If the tool sleeve is tilted, the tool sleeve will only apply pressure to the slider located in the tilted direction. Since the slider under pressure cannot move, the tool sleeve will Under the pressure from the slider, if the inclination of the tool sleeve is adjusted back to its original position due to the pressure, the tool sleeve will re-apply pressure to the sliders around it to complete the installation normally. If the inclination of the tool sleeve cannot be adjusted, the tool sleeve will continue to apply pressure to the slider in the inclination direction, and the stop button will be triggered to shut down the equipment. This design enables the tilted tool sleeve to have an adjustment opportunity by linking the sliders. If it cannot be adjusted back to its original position, the equipment will be shut down. Therefore, this design can reduce the number of times the precision CNC machining center is shut down due to the inclination of the tool sleeve, thereby reducing the impact of the shutdown of the precision CNC machining center on work efficiency.

[0013] Preferably, a rectangular hole 1 is also provided on the slider, a locking block is slidably connected to the rectangular hole 1, a spring 3 is provided between the locking block and the bottom of the rectangular hole 1, a locking hole is also provided at the bottom of the rectangular hole 1, the locking hole connects the rectangular hole 1 with the locking chamber, a locking rod is provided on the locking block, one end of the locking rod extends to the inside of the locking chamber through the locking hole and contacts with the stop button, an arc surface 2 is provided at one end of the locking rod close to the stop button, a protrusion is also provided inside the locking chamber, and the stop button contacts with the protrusion.

[0014] It is easy to understand that when the tool sleeve is installed, the tool sleeve will squeeze the locking block on the rectangular hole one, so that the locking block moves toward the inside of the rectangular hole one and squeezes the spring three in the rectangular hole one. At this time, the locking rod on the locking block moves to the inside of the locking chamber and squeezes the stop button forward through the arc surface two, so that the stop button squeezes the protrusion inside the locking chamber. At this time, the stop button is locked between the protrusion and the locking rod and cannot move. This design can lock the stop button after the tool sleeve is installed, avoiding the centrifugal force generated by the spindle during high-speed rotation from causing the stop button to move, thereby causing the stop button to be triggered and affecting the normal operation of the precision CNC machining center. Therefore, this design improves the reliability of the precision CNC machining center.

[0015] Preferably, a block is provided on the second connecting rod, one side of the pawl is a plane, and the plane on one side of the pawl is in contact with the inner wall of the locking chamber. When the pawl is fully retracted into the locking chamber, the block contacts the pawl and limits the rotation of the pawl.

[0016] It is easy to understand that when the tool sleeve is installed, the surface of the tool sleeve will squeeze the pressing blocks on the surrounding sliders, and the pressing blocks will drive connecting rod one to move, and then connecting rod one will drive connecting rod two to rotate. At this time, the pawl rotates and moves with connecting rod two to retract into the locking chamber. At this time, the pawl is fully rotated and contacts with the block on connecting rod two. The block will press the pawl against the inner wall of the locking chamber. At this time, the pawl cannot rotate. This design can lock the pawl after the tool sleeve is installed, avoiding the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the spindle to cause the pawl to swing and affect the normal operation of the equipment. Therefore, this design improves the reliability of the precision CNC machining center.

[0017] Preferably, rectangular holes 2 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the pressing chamber, and a sliding plate is provided on the slider, and the sliding plate is slidably connected in the rectangular holes 2 on the upper and lower sides of the pressing chamber. An inclined block 1 is provided on the sliding plate, and an inclined groove 1 is provided on the connecting rod 1, and the inclined block 1 is in contact with the inner wall of the inclined groove 1. An inclined block 2 is provided at the bottom of the sliding plate, and the inclined block 2 is in contact with the ratchet.

[0018] The cam is pressed against the guide rail and the slider is locked, so that the slider cannot move and the slider cannot be moved due to the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the spindle after the installation of the tool sleeve.

[0019] Preferably, the slider is also provided with a connecting rod, the connecting rod is slidably connected to the slider, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the sliding plate, and the other end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the locking block, the diameter of the tool sleeve is A, when the tool sleeve is completely moved into the tool sleeve hole, the distance between the edge of the locking block away from the tool sleeve hole and the center of the tool sleeve hole is B, the distance between the edge of the sliding plate away from the tool sleeve hole and the center of the tool sleeve hole is C, A≥B, A≥C, when the tool sleeve is completely moved into the tool sleeve hole, the slider moves to the end of the guide rail.

[0020] It is easy to understand that the design limits the movement distance of the slider by limiting the positions of the locking block and the sliding plate and the length of the guide rail. When the tool sleeve is completely moved into the tool sleeve hole, the slider moves to the end of the guide rail and cannot move further. This avoids the situation where the slider moves further due to collision, equipment vibration and other reasons when the tool sleeve is about to be completely moved into the tool sleeve hole, causing the locking block and the sliding plate on the slider to move away from the tool sleeve, making it impossible for the tool sleeve to squeeze the locking block and the sliding plate, resulting in the slider and the stop button inside the slider being unable to be tightened, thereby affecting the normal operation of the precision CNC machining center. Therefore, this design further improves the reliability of the precision CNC machining center.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present invention further provides a linkage component and a trigger component on the slider. When the tool sleeve moves toward the tool sleeve hole, the tool sleeve will contact the slider. If the tool sleeve is tilted, the linkage component will jam the slider. At this time, the slider will adjust the tool sleeve. If it cannot be adjusted to the normal state, the trigger component will trigger the emergency stop button of the precision CNC machining center. This design avoids the problem that the tool sleeve will collide with the edge of the tool sleeve hole due to the tilt of the tool sleeve, thereby causing damage to the equipment.

[0023] 2. The present invention provides a pressing block on the slider and also provides a connecting rod 1 on the pressing block. The connecting rod 1 controls the connecting rod 2 and the pawl on the connecting rod 2 to cooperate with the ratchet on the guide rail to lock the movement of the slider. The connecting rod 1 can also contact the stop button inside the slider through its own movement to control the tool changing structure of the precision CNC machining center to stop when an abnormality occurs in the installation of the tool sleeve. This design is not only simple and compact in structure, but also can complete the actions of locking the slider and stopping the equipment only through the connecting rod 2, saving space inside the slider, reducing costs and the difficulty of subsequent maintenance.

[0024] 3. The present invention sets contact rod 1 and contact rod 2 on the slider. Through the mutual restriction of contact rod 1 and contact rod 2 of adjacent sliders, the sliders are linked so that the tilted tool sleeve can have an adjustment opportunity. If it cannot be adjusted to the original position, the equipment will be shut down. Therefore, this design can reduce the number of times the precision CNC machining center is shut down due to the tilt of the tool sleeve, thereby reducing the impact of the shutdown of the precision CNC machining center on the work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tool changing structure of the precision CNC machining center of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main shaft of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view at AA;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Sectional view at CC;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Sectional view at EE;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main shaft of the present invention after the slider is removed;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slider of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.10 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the slider of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1, tool magazine; 2, tool change arm; 3, tool sleeve; 301, tool; 4, spindle; 401, tool sleeve hole; 402, guide rail; 403, slider; 404, stop button; 405, pressing block; 406, pressing chamber; 407, spring 1; 408, locking chamber; 409, connecting rod 1; 410, connecting rod 2; 411, contact hole; 412, locking groove; 413, ratchet; 414, pawl; 415, arc surface 1; 416, reset chamber chamber; 417, push plate; 418, spring two; 419, contact rod one; 420, contact rod two; 421, contact chamber; 422, rectangular hole one; 423, locking block; 424, spring three; 425, locking hole; 426, locking rod; 427, arc surface two; 428, protrusion; 429, block; 430, rectangular hole two; 431, sliding plate; 432, tilting block one; 433, inclined slot one; 435, tilting block two; 436, connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention provides a tool changing structure for a precision CNC machining center, and the technical solution is as follows:

[0037] See also Figures 1 to 4A tool changing structure of a precision CNC machining center comprises a tool magazine 1, a tool changing arm 2, a spindle 4, a tool 301 and a tool sleeve 3. A tool sleeve hole 401 is opened on the spindle 4, and the tool 301 is detachably fixedly installed on the tool sleeve 3, and the tool sleeve 3 is detachably fixedly installed inside the tool sleeve hole 401. Four guide rails 402 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the spindle 4, and sliders 403 are slidably connected to the four guide rails 402. A linkage component is also arranged on the slider 403, and the linkage component connects the four sliders 403. When the four sliders 403 are all subjected to force, the four sliders 403 move at the same time. When less than or equal to three sliders 403 are subjected to force, the linkage component limits the movement of the slider 403. A trigger component with a stop button 404 is arranged inside the slider 403. The stop button 404 is electrically connected to the emergency stop button of the precision CNC machining center. The stop button 404 is pressed when the linkage component limits the sliding of the slider 403.

[0038] See also Figures 2 to 10Please refer to the trigger assembly, which includes a pressing block 405, a pressing chamber 406 is provided on the slider 403, the pressing block 405 is slidably connected in the pressing chamber 406, two springs 407 are arranged between the pressing block 405 and the pressing chamber 406, and a locking chamber 408 is also provided inside the slider 403, a connecting rod 409 is fixedly connected to the pressing block 405, one end of the connecting rod 409 extends into the locking chamber 408, and one end of the connecting rod 409 located in the locking chamber 408 is hinged to a connecting rod 2 410, and a torsion spring is arranged at the hinge between the connecting rod 2 410 and the connecting rod 1 409, and the bottom of the slider 403 is provided with a locking chamber 408. A contact hole 411 is provided on the guide rail 402, a locking groove 412 is also provided on the guide rail 402, a ratchet 413 is further provided inside the locking groove 412, a ratchet 414 is hinged on the second connecting rod 410, an arc surface 415 is provided on one side of the contact hole 411, the second connecting rod 410 contacts the arc surface 415, the ratchet 414 extends to the outside of the slider 403 through the contact hole 411 and contacts the ratchet 413, when the ratchet 413 contacts the ratchet 414, the ratchet 413 restricts the slider 403 from moving toward the outside of the spindle 4, and when the pressing block 405 moves toward the inside of the slider 403, the ratchet 414 moves away from the ratchet 413 and moves toward the slider 40 3, two reset chambers 416 are also arranged at the bottom of the guide rail 402, two push plates 417 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the slider 403, a second spring 418 is arranged between the push plate 417 and the inner wall of the reset chamber 416, the stop button 404 is slidably connected to the inside of the slider 403, when the pressing block 405 moves toward the inside of the slider 403, the connecting rod 1 409 contacts the stop button 404, the upper and lower sides of one end of the pressing block 405 are chamfered, a clamping block 429 is arranged on the second connecting rod 410, one side of the ratchet 414 is a plane, and the plane of one side of the ratchet 414 fits with the inner wall of the locking chamber 408, when the ratchet When the pawl 414 is fully retracted into the locking chamber 408, the block 429 contacts the pawl 414 and limits the rotation of the pawl 414. The linkage assembly includes a contact rod 1 419 and a contact rod 2 420. Four contact chambers 421 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the main shaft 4. The contact chamber 421 is connected to the guide rail 402. The contact rod 1 419 and the contact rod 2 420 are both slidably installed in the contact chamber 421. The contact rod 1 419 and the contact rod 2 420 are both fixedly connected to the slider 403. The contact rod 1 419 on any slider 403 contacts the contact rod 2 420 on the adjacent slider 403.

[0039] See also Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10The slider 403 is also provided with a rectangular hole 422, a locking block 423 is slidably connected to the rectangular hole 422, a spring 424 is provided between the locking block 423 and the bottom of the rectangular hole 422, a locking hole 425 is also provided at the bottom of the rectangular hole 422, the locking hole 425 connects the rectangular hole 422 with the locking chamber 408, a locking rod 426 is provided on the locking block 423, one end of the locking rod 426 extends to the inside of the locking chamber 408 through the locking hole 425 and contacts the stop button 404, an arc surface 427 is provided at one end of the locking rod 426 close to the stop button 404, a protrusion 428 is also provided inside the locking chamber 408, and the stop button 404 contacts the protrusion 428, Rectangular holes 430 are also provided on the upper and lower sides of the pressing chamber 406, and a sliding plate 431 is also provided on the slider 403. The sliding plate 431 is slidably connected in the rectangular holes 430 on the upper and lower sides of the pressing chamber. A tilting block 432 is provided on the sliding plate 431, and an inclined groove 433 is provided on the connecting rod 409. The tilting block 432 contacts the inner wall of the inclined groove 433. A tilting block 435 is provided at the bottom of the sliding plate 431, and the tilting block 435 contacts the ratchet 413. A connecting rod 436 is also provided on the slider 403. The connecting rod 436 is slidably connected to the slider 403, one end of the connecting rod 436 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 431, and the other end of the connecting rod 436 is fixedly connected to the locking block 423.

[0040] See also Figures 1 to 10In the process of the tool changing arm 2 installing the tool 301 and the tool sleeve 3 into the tool sleeve hole 401 on the rotating shaft, the tool sleeve 3 is tilted, and the conical surface on the tool sleeve 3 will contact the pressing block 405 on the slider 403 in the tilting direction and apply pressure to the pressing block 405. The pressing block 405 is pressed by the pressure to squeeze the spring 1 407 and move toward the inside of the pressing chamber 406. At this time, the connecting rod 1 409 moves with the pressing block 405, and the connecting rod 2 410 hinged on the connecting rod 1 409 moves with the connecting rod 1 409. During the movement of the connecting rod 2 410, it will slide on the arc surface 1 415, so the connecting rod 2 410 will rotate around the connecting rod 1 409. At this time, the connecting rod 2 410 will retract the pawl 414 into the locking chamber 408, and the pawl 414 is away from the locking groove 412. The ratchet teeth 413 on the slider 403 complete the unlocking action and are no longer locked. At this time, the knife sleeve 3 continues to apply pressure to the pressing block 405. At this time, the slider 403 located in the inclined direction of the knife sleeve 3 is pushed, but because the inclined knife sleeve 3 does not contact all the sliders 403, the slider 403 that is not subjected to pressure is still in a locked state and cannot move. At this time, the contact rod 1 419 on the slider 403 that is subjected to pressure will contact the contact rod 2 420 on the adjacent slider 403 that is not subjected to force. The contact rod 2 420 on the slider 403 that is not subjected to force further restricts the movement of the contact rod 1 419 of the slider 403 that is subjected to force, making it impossible for the slider 403 that is subjected to pressure to move. At this time, the knife sleeve 3 continues to move toward the inside of the knife sleeve hole 401. 3 cannot move at this time, and the knife sleeve 3 will be subject to pressure from the slider 403. At this time, if the inclination of the knife sleeve 3 is adjusted to the original position due to the pressure, the knife sleeve 3 will continue to move and will contact all the sliders 403. At this time, all the sliders 403 are subject to pressure from the knife sleeve 3 and complete the unlocking action together. The knife sleeve 3 continues to move and all the sliders 403 slide along the guide rail 402 toward the outside of the spindle 4. The push plate 417 on the slider 403 squeezes the spring 2 418 inside the reset chamber 416 and moves with the slider 403. The knife sleeve 3 continues to move and contacts the sliding plate 431, the connecting rod 436 and the rectangular block on the slider 403. The sliding plate 431 moves after being subjected to pressure, and the inclined block 2 435 at the bottom of the sliding plate 431 is in contact with the guide rail 402. The ratchet 413 on the sliding plate 431 contacts the ratchet 413 on the sliding plate 431, which makes the slider 403 unable to move, and the inclined block 1 on the sliding plate 431 is inserted into the inclined groove 1 433 on the connecting rod 1 409, which makes the connecting rod 1 409 unable to move. The locking block 423 moves after being pressed, and the locking block 423 moves toward the inside of the rectangular hole 1 422 and squeezes the spring 3 424 in the rectangular hole 1 422. At this time, the locking rod 426 on the locking block 423 moves into the locking chamber 408 and squeezes the stop button 404 forward through the arc surface 2 427, so that the stop button 404 squeezes the protrusion 428 inside the locking chamber 408. At this time, the stop button 404 is locked between the protrusion 428 and the locking rod 426 and cannot move. At this time, the knife sleeve 3 continues to move and completes the installation.When the knife sleeve 3 is installed, the surface of the knife sleeve 3 will squeeze the pressing blocks 405 on the surrounding sliders 403, and the pressing blocks 405 will drive the connecting rod 1 409 to move, and then the connecting rod 1 409 will drive the connecting rod 2 410 to rotate. At this time, the pawl 414 will rotate and move with the connecting rod 2 410 to retract into the locking chamber 408. At this time, the pawl 414 will contact the block 429 on the connecting rod 2 410 after it is fully rotated. The block 429 will press the pawl 414 against the inner wall of the locking chamber 408. At this time, the pawl 414 4 cannot rotate. If the inclination of the knife sleeve 3 cannot be adjusted back to its original position due to the pressure of the slider 403, the knife sleeve 3 continues to apply pressure to the slider 403 in the inclination direction. At this time, the pressing block 405 on the slider 403 moves further toward the inside of the pressing chamber 406. The connecting rod 409 on the pressing block 405 moves with the pressing block 405 and presses the stop button 404 inside the slider 403. At this time, the stop button 404 is pressed and triggers the emergency stop button on the device to stop the device.

[0041] See also Figures 1 to 10 , in the process of the tool changing arm 2 removing the tool 301 and the tool sleeve 3 from the tool sleeve hole 401, the tool sleeve 3 is away from the tool sleeve hole 401, the sliding plate 431, the connecting rod 436 and the rectangular block on the slider 403 lose the pressure of the tool sleeve 3, and the rectangular block is reset by the pressure of the spring three 424, and the connecting rod 436 and the sliding plate 431 are reset together with the rectangular block, and at this time, the push plate 417 on the slider 403 is pressed by the spring two 418, and the slider 403 moves toward the center of the spindle 4 Move, at this time, the knife sleeve 3 continues to move and completely leaves the slider 403, at this time, the pressing block 405 loses the pressure from the knife sleeve 3, and the spring 1 407 inside the pressing chamber 406 resets the pressing block 405, and the connecting rod 1 409 moves with the pressing block 405, and the connecting rod 2 410 rotates around the connecting rod 1 409 under the action of the torsion spring. At this time, the ratchet 414 moves with the connecting rod 2 410 and re-enters the locking groove 412 and contacts the ratchet 413 inside the locking groove 412.

[0042] A specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above described embodiment. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of these embodiments without departing from the principles and ideas of the present invention should still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool changing structure for a precision CNC machining center, comprising a tool magazine (1), a tool changing arm (2), a spindle (4), a tool (301) and a tool sleeve (3), wherein the spindle (4) is provided with a tool sleeve hole (401), the tool (301) is detachably fixedly mounted on the tool sleeve (3), and the tool sleeve (3) is detachably fixedly mounted inside the tool sleeve hole (401), characterized in that: Four guide rails (402) are evenly distributed on the circumference of the main shaft (4), and sliders (403) are slidably connected to the four guide rails (402). The sliders (403) are also provided with a linkage component, and the linkage component connects the four sliders (403). When the four sliders (403) are all subjected to force, the four sliders (403) move simultaneously. When less than or equal to three sliders (403) are subjected to force, the linkage component limits the movement of the sliders (403). A trigger component with a stop button (404) is provided inside the slider (403). The stop button (404) is electrically connected to an emergency stop button of a precision CNC machining center. When the linkage component limits the sliding of the slider (403), the stop button (404) is pressed.

2. The tool changing structure of a precision CNC machining center according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The trigger assembly comprises a pressing block (405), a pressing chamber (406) is provided on the slider (403), the pressing block (405) is slidably connected in the pressing chamber (406), two springs (407) are provided between the pressing block (405) and the pressing chamber (406), a locking chamber (408) is also provided inside the slider (403), a connecting rod (409) is fixedly connected to the pressing block (405), one end of the connecting rod (409) extends to the locking chamber The locking chamber (408) is provided with a second connecting rod (410) at one end of the connecting rod (409) located in the locking chamber (408), and a torsion spring is provided at the hinge between the second connecting rod (410) and the first connecting rod (409). A contact hole (411) is provided at the bottom of the slider (403), and a locking groove (412) is provided on the guide rail (402). A ratchet (413) is provided inside the locking groove (412). A ratchet pawl (414) is hinged on the second connecting rod (410), and the contact hole (411) is provided at the bottom of the slider (403). A first arc surface (415) is provided on one side of the slider (403), the second connecting rod (410) contacts the first arc surface (415), the pawl (414) extends to the outside of the slider (403) through the contact hole (411) and contacts the ratchet (413), when the ratchet (413) contacts the pawl (414), the ratchet (413) restricts the slider (403) from moving toward the outside of the spindle (4), when the pressing block (405) moves toward the inside of the slider (403), the pawl (414) moves away from the ratchet (413) and When the slider (403) moves toward the inside, two reset chambers (416) are also provided at the bottom of the guide rail (402), two push plates (417) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the slider (403), and a second spring (418) is provided between the push plates (417) and the inner wall of the reset chamber (416), and the stop button (404) is slidably connected to the inside of the slider (403), and when the pressing block (405) moves toward the inside of the slider (403), the connecting rod 1 (409) contacts the stop button (404).

3. The tool changing structure of a precision CNC machining center according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The linkage assembly comprises a contact rod 1 (419) and a contact rod 2 (420); four contact chambers (421) are evenly distributed on the circumference of the main shaft (4); the contact chambers (421) are connected to the guide rail (402); the contact rod 1 (419) and the contact rod 2 (420) are both slidably installed inside the contact chambers (421); the contact rod 1 (419) and the contact rod 2 (420) are both fixedly connected to the slider (403); the contact rod 1 (419) on any slider (403) contacts the contact rod 2 (420) on the adjacent slider (403).

4. The tool changing structure of a precision CNC machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slider (403) is also provided with a rectangular hole (422), a locking block (423) is slidably connected to the rectangular hole (422), a spring (424) is provided between the locking block (423) and the bottom of the rectangular hole (422), a locking hole (425) is also provided at the bottom of the rectangular hole (422), the locking hole (425) connects the rectangular hole (422) with the locking chamber (408), and the locking block A locking rod (426) is provided on (423), one end of the locking rod (426) extends into the locking chamber (408) through the locking hole (425) and contacts the stop button (404), an arc surface 2 (427) is provided at one end of the locking rod (426) close to the stop button (404), a protrusion (428) is also provided inside the locking chamber (408), and the stop button (404) contacts the protrusion (428).

5. The tool changing structure of a precision CNC machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that: A block (429) is provided on the second connecting rod (410), and one side of the pawl (414) is a plane. The plane on one side of the pawl (414) is in contact with the inner wall of the locking chamber (408). When the pawl (414) is fully retracted into the locking chamber (408), the block (429) contacts the pawl (414) and limits the rotation of the pawl (414).

6. The tool changing structure of a precision CNC machining center according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressing chamber (406) is also provided with a rectangular hole 2 (430) on the upper and lower sides, and the slider (403) is also provided with a sliding plate (431), and the sliding plate (431) is slidably connected in the rectangular holes 2 (430) on the upper and lower sides of the pressing chamber. The sliding plate (431) is provided with an inclined block 1 (432), and the connecting rod 1 (409) is provided with an inclined groove 1 (433), and the inclined block 1 (432) is in contact with the inner wall of the inclined groove 1 (433). The bottom of the sliding plate (431) is provided with an inclined block 2 (435), and the inclined block 2 (435) is in contact with the ratchet (413).

7. The tool changing structure of a precision CNC machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that: The slider (403) is also provided with a connecting rod (436), and the connecting rod (436) is slidably connected to the slider (403), one end of the connecting rod (436) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (431), and the other end of the connecting rod (436) is fixedly connected to the locking block (423), the diameter of the knife sleeve (3) is A, when the knife sleeve (3) is completely moved into the knife sleeve hole (401), the distance between the edge of the locking block (423) away from the knife sleeve hole (401) and the center of the knife sleeve hole (401) is B, and the distance between the edge of the sliding plate (431) away from the knife sleeve hole (401) and the center of the knife sleeve hole (401) is C, and A≥B, A≥C, when the knife sleeve (3) is completely moved into the knife sleeve hole (401), the slider (403) moves to the end of the guide rail (402).

8. The tool changing structure of a precision CNC machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper and lower sides of one end of the pressing block (405) are chamfered.

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