Suspension and truck body system of heavy-duty truck

Abstract

The invention discloses a suspension and body system of a heavy-duty lorry. The suspension and body system comprises a lorry head and a shock absorber. A truck frame is arranged at the right end of the truck head, and wheels are arranged at the lower end of the truck frame through suspension arms; the shock absorber comprises a damping hole, outer cylinders, second inner cylinders, sliding columns and first inner cylinders, the outer cylinders are arranged on the lower surface of the truck frame, the second inner cylinders and the first inner cylinders are arranged in the outer cylinders from top to bottom, the second inner cylinders and the first inner cylinders in the same outer cylinders communicate with each other, the sliding columns are slidably connected between the interiors of the second inner cylinders and the interiors of the first inner cylinders, and the sliding columns are slidably connected between the interiors of the second inner cylinders and the interiors of the first inner cylinders. According to the suspension of the heavy-duty lorry and the lorry body system, damping is provided for the suspension of the heavy-duty lorry through the multi-stage damping assembly, the damping effect is guaranteed under the condition that the load is small, meanwhile, abrasion of damping components under the condition that the load is large is reduced, and the service life of the heavy-duty lorry is prolonged. The damping requirements of the heavy-duty lorry under different loads are met, and the application range of the suspension of the heavy-duty lorry is widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of heavy-duty trucks, and in particular to a suspension and body system of a heavy-duty truck. Background Art

[0002] A heavy-duty truck refers to a car mainly used to transport goods. According to its maximum total mass, it can be divided into different categories such as light, medium and heavy. Heavy-duty trucks play an important role in modern logistics and transportation. They can carry a large amount of goods and support long-distance transportation needs. They are an indispensable part of modern logistics and supply chains. Among the various structures of a heavy-duty truck, the body system is indispensable. Its main function is to provide support for the placement of goods. At the same time, in order to reduce the shaking of the body and goods during driving, the shock-absorbing components of the body system are also relatively important. In the prior art, the shock absorption of the body of a heavy-duty truck mainly depends on the suspension. The suspension is mainly composed of three parts: elastic elements, shock absorbers and guide devices. The shock absorbers are mainly used to attenuate vibrations and improve ride comfort. Because heavy-duty trucks need to carry goods, in order to ensure the stability of the goods, the damping force of the shock absorbers cannot be too large. According to the different goods carried, the working state of the shock absorbers is also different. When the load is large, the shock absorbers are subjected to a large force, resulting in increased wear of the shock absorbers. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the existing defects and provide a suspension and body system for a heavy-duty truck. A multi-stage shock-absorbing assembly is used to provide shock absorption for the suspension of the heavy-duty truck. While ensuring the shock absorption effect under light load conditions, the wear of the shock-absorbing components under heavy load conditions is reduced. The shock absorption needs of heavy-duty trucks under different loads can be adapted, and the problems in the background technology can be effectively solved.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a suspension and body system of a heavy-duty truck, including a head and a shock absorber; A load-carrying frame is provided at the right end of the vehicle head, and wheels are provided at the lower ends of the load-carrying frame through suspension arms; The shock absorber includes a damping hole, an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder 2, a sliding column and an inner cylinder 1, wherein the outer cylinders are respectively arranged on the lower surface of the load-bearing frame, and the inner cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 1 are respectively arranged inside the outer cylinder from top to bottom, the inner cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 1 in the same outer cylinder are connected, and sliding columns are slidably connected between the inner cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 1, and the upper ends of the sliding columns and the upper ends of the inner cylinder 2 are both provided with damping holes, and the lower ends of the sliding columns are fixedly connected to the suspension arms. A multi-stage shock absorbing assembly is used to provide shock absorption for the suspension of the load-bearing truck, while ensuring the shock absorption effect under light load conditions, reducing the wear of the shock absorbing components under heavy load conditions, adapting to the shock absorption needs of the load-bearing truck under different loads, and improving the application range of the load-bearing truck suspension. The limit of the shock absorbing component can be cancelled by rotating the swivel, which is convenient for disassembly and replacement of the shock absorbing components in the body system of the load-bearing truck, and is more adaptable to the need for frequent replacement of the shock absorbing components of the body system of the load-bearing truck.

[0005] Furthermore, the sliding column includes a slide plate 2 and a cylinder. The slide plate 2 is vertically slidably connected to the interior of the inner tube 2. A cylinder is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the slide plate 2. The cylinder passes through the sealed through hole at the lower end of the outer tube and is fixedly connected to the suspension arm. The movement of the slide plate 2 provides secondary shock absorption for the body of the truck.

[0006] Furthermore, the slip reduction column also includes a slide plate 1 and a buffer spring. The slide plate 1 is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder. The slide plate 1 is vertically slidably connected to the interior of the inner cylinder 1. A buffer spring is provided between the slide plate 1 and the slide plate 2. The damping hole is arranged on the surface of the slide plate 1. The movement of the slide plate 1 provides a first-level shock absorption for the body of the heavy-duty truck.

[0007] Furthermore, the slip reduction column also includes a separation ring, which is respectively arranged on the lower surface of the slide plate 2, and the separation ring is installed in cooperation with the slide plate 1 to limit the minimum distance between the slide plate 2 and the slide plate 1.

[0008] Furthermore, the slip reduction column also includes a sealing rubber pad, which is arranged on the outer arc surface of the slide plate 1 and the slide plate 2 to seal between the slide plate 1 and the inner cylinder 1, and to seal between the slide plate 2 and the inner cylinder 2.

[0009] Furthermore, the lower surface of the load-carrying frame is respectively provided with a connecting plate, the lower end of the connecting plate is rotatably connected to a telescopic column via a rotating shaft 1, and the telescopic end of the telescopic column is rotatably connected to the suspension arm via a rotating shaft 2, thereby connecting the suspension arm and the load-carrying frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper end of the outer tube and the lower end of the cylinder are provided with plug plates, the lower surface of the load-carrying frame and the surface of the suspension arm are provided with mounting plates, the surfaces of the mounting plates are provided with slots, and the plug plates are respectively plugged into the slots to quickly limit the position of the shock absorber.

[0011] Furthermore, the interior of the mounting plate is vertically slidably connected with a slide plate, and the upper surface of the slide plate is provided with four positioning pins, which are plugged into the positioning holes on the surface of the plug plate. Springs are provided between the slide plate and the top wall of the mounting plate, and the springs are movably mounted on the outer arc surface of the positioning pins, so that the installation of the shock absorber is more secure.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer arc surface of the mounting plate is threadedly connected with a swivel, and the bosses on the outer edge of the skateboard are rotatably connected to the rotating grooves on the inner arc surface of the swivel, and the bosses on the outer edge of the skateboard are located in the vertical sliding grooves on the outer arc surface of the mounting plate, which facilitates the up and down position adjustment of the skateboard.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Use multi-stage shock-absorbing components to provide shock absorption for the suspension of heavy-duty trucks. While ensuring the shock absorption effect under light load conditions, it reduces the wear of shock-absorbing components under heavy load conditions, adapts to the shock absorption needs of heavy-duty trucks under different loads, and improves the application range of heavy-duty truck suspensions.

[0014] 2. The limit on the shock-absorbing component can be cancelled by simply turning the swivel, which is convenient for disassembly and replacement of the shock-absorbing components in the body system of the truck, and is more suitable for the need of frequent replacement of the shock-absorbing components in the body system of the truck. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the suspension arm of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a front cross-section of the shock absorber of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of location A of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an enlarged structural diagram of B of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shock absorber of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1 front end, 2 suspension arm, 3 load frame, 4 wheel, 5 shock absorber, 51 damping hole, 52 outer cylinder, 53 inner cylinder 2, 54 sliding column, 541 slide plate 1, 542 buffer spring, 543 slide plate 2, 544 separation ring, 545 sealing pad, 546 cylinder, 55 inner cylinder 1, 6 connecting plate, 7 telescopic column, 8 mounting plate, 9 slot, 10 plug plate, 11 slide plate, 12 positioning plug column, 13 spring, 14 swivel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] See also Figure 1-6 This embodiment provides a suspension and body system for a heavy-duty truck, including a front end 1 and a shock absorber 5.

[0019] A load frame 3 is provided at the right end of the front of the vehicle 1 to provide support for the installation of the load compartment. Wheels 4 are provided at the lower ends of the load frame 3 through the suspension arms 2 to reduce the transmission of force and torque of the wheels 4 to the load frame 3. Connecting plates 6 are provided on the lower surfaces of the load frame 3. The lower ends of the connecting plates 6 are rotatably connected to telescopic columns 7 through rotating shaft 1. The telescopic ends of the telescopic columns 7 are rotatably connected to the suspension arms 2 through rotating shaft 2 to provide support for the movement of the suspension arms 2.

[0020] The shock absorber 5 includes a damping hole 51, an outer cylinder 52, an inner cylinder 2 53, a sliding column 54 and an inner cylinder 1 55. The outer cylinder 52 is respectively arranged on the lower surface of the load-carrying frame 3. The inner cylinder 2 53 and the inner cylinder 1 55 are respectively arranged inside the outer cylinder 52 from top to bottom. The inner cylinder 2 53 and the inner cylinder 1 55 in the same outer cylinder 52 are connected. The sliding column 54 is slidably connected between the inner cylinder 2 53 and the inner cylinder 1 55. The upper end of the sliding column 54 and the upper end of the inner cylinder 2 53 are both provided with a damping hole 51. The lower end of the sliding column 54 is fixedly connected to the suspension arm 2. The sliding column 54 includes a slide plate 2 543 and a cylinder 546. The slide plate 2 543 is respectively vertically slidably connected to the inner cylinder 2 53. A cylinder 546 is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the second slide plate 543, and the cylinder 546 passes through the sealed through hole at the lower end of the outer cylinder 52 and is fixedly connected to the suspension arm 2. The anti-slip column 54 also includes a slide plate 541 and a buffer spring 542. The slide plate 541 is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder 546. The slide plates 541 are respectively vertically slidably connected to the inside of the inner cylinder 55. Buffer springs 542 are provided between the slide plates 541 and the second slide plates 543. The damping hole 51 is arranged on the surface of the slide plate 541. The anti-slip column 54 also includes a separator ring 544. The separator ring 544 is respectively arranged on the lower surface of the second slide plate 543, and the separator ring 544 is installed in conjunction with the slide plate 541.

[0021] The slip reducing column 54 also includes a sealing rubber pad 545, which is arranged on the outer arc surface of the slide plate 1 541 and the slide plate 2 543, and seals between the slide plate 1 541 and the inner cylinder 1 55, and seals between the slide plate 2 543 and the inner cylinder 2 53. The upper end of the outer cylinder 52 and the lower end of the cylinder 546 are both provided with a plug plate 10, and the lower surface of the load frame 3 and the surface of the suspension arm 2 are both provided with a mounting plate 8, and the surface of the mounting plate 8 is provided with a slot 9, and the plug plate 10 is respectively plugged into the slot 9, and the interior of the mounting plate 8 is vertically connected to the mounting plate 8. A slide plate 11 is slidably connected thereto, and four positioning pins 12 are respectively provided on the upper surface of the slide plate 11, and the positioning pins 12 are plugged into the positioning holes on the surface of the plug plate 10, and springs 13 are respectively provided between the slide plate 11 and the top wall of the mounting plate 8, and the springs 13 are respectively movably sleeved on the outer arc surface of the positioning pins 12, and the outer arc surface of the mounting plate 8 is respectively threadedly connected with a swivel 14, and the convex columns on the outer edge of the slide plate 11 are respectively rotatably connected to the rotating grooves on the inner arc surface of the swivel 14, and the convex columns on the outer edge of the slide plate 11 are located in the vertical sliding grooves on the outer arc surface of the mounting plate 8.

[0022] The present invention provides a suspension and body system for a truck, and the working principle is as follows: When the loaded truck is traveling, the interior of the outer cylinder 52 and the interior of the inner cylinder 53 are filled with high-pressure gas, and the interior of the inner cylinder 55 is filled with low-pressure gas. The weight of the cargo will cause the cylinder 546 and the outer cylinder 52 to slide relative to each other.

[0023] When the load-carrying truck is lightly loaded, there is a gap between the slide plate 541 and the separation ring 544. The unevenness of the road surface will cause the wheel 4 and the suspension arm 2 to move up and down. Under the connection of the cylinder 546, the slide plate 541 is driven to move up and down in the inner tube 55, pushing the buffer spring 542 to contract, and utilizing the deformation of the buffer spring 542 to absorb the impact force, thereby reducing the transmission of the impact force to the load-carrying frame 3. At the same time, the low-pressure gas in the inner tube 55 flows through the damping hole 51 on the surface of the slide plate 541. The damping hole 51 is utilized to limit the flow speed of the air, so that the air is compressed during the movement of the slide plate 541, thereby providing damping for the movement of the slide plate 541 and reducing the transmission of vibration to the load-carrying frame 3.

[0024] When the load-carrying truck is heavily loaded, the weight of the cargo will cause the slide plate 1 541 to move up until it contacts the separation ring 544. At this time, the upward movement of the cylinder 546 will drive the slide plate 2 543 to move upward, pushing the high-pressure gas inside the inner cylinder 2 53 to be discharged from the damping hole 51 at the upper end of the inner cylinder 2 53. The flow rate of the damping hole 51 at the upper end of the inner cylinder 2 53 is smaller than the flow rate of the damping hole 51 on the surface of the slide plate 1 541. More air is compressed during the movement of the slide plate 2 543, and the force required for air compression is greater, and the damping force is greater. A multi-stage shock absorbing assembly is used to provide shock absorption for the suspension of the load-carrying truck to meet the shock absorption needs of the load-carrying truck under different loads.

[0025] As the load-carrying truck is used for a longer time, when the shock-absorbing component needs to be replaced and maintained, it is only necessary to rotate the swivel 14, and the swivel 14 is threadedly connected to the mounting plate 8 to move the swivel 14 up and down. At the same time, the protruding column on the outer edge of the slide plate 11 slides in the rotating groove on the inner arc surface of the swivel 14, driving the slide plate 11 and the positioning plug column 12 to move up and down. When the positioning plug column 12 leaves the positioning hole on the surface of the plug plate 10, the plug plate 10 can be directly pulled out of the slot 9 to disassemble the shock-absorbing component. Similarly, during installation, it is only necessary to insert the plug plate 10 into the slot 9, and insert the positioning plug column 12 into the positioning hole on the surface of the plug plate 10 to accurately limit the position of the plug plate 10 and quickly install the shock-absorbing component.

[0026] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A suspension and body system for a heavy-duty truck, characterized in that: It comprises a vehicle head (1) and a shock absorber (5); A load-carrying frame (3) is provided at the right end of the vehicle head (1), and wheels (4) are provided at the lower ends of the load-carrying frame (3) via suspension arms (2); The shock absorber (5) comprises a damping hole (51), an outer tube (52), an inner tube second (53), a sliding column (54) and an inner tube first (55). The outer tube (52) is respectively arranged on the lower surface of the load-carrying frame (3). The inner tube second (53) and the inner tube first (55) are respectively arranged inside the outer tube (52) from top to bottom. The inner tube second (53) and the inner tube first (55) in the same outer tube (52) are connected. The sliding column (54) is slidably connected between the inner tube second (53) and the inner tube first (55). The upper end of the sliding column (54) and the upper end of the inner tube second (53) are both provided with a damping hole (51). The lower end of the sliding column (54) is fixedly connected to the suspension arm (2).

2. A suspension and body system for a heavy truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding column (54) comprises a second sliding plate (543) and a cylinder (546). The second sliding plate (543) is vertically slidably connected to the interior of the second inner cylinder (53). A cylinder (546) is provided in the middle of the lower surface of the second sliding plate (543). The cylinder (546) passes through a sealed through hole at the lower end of the outer cylinder (52) and is fixedly connected to the suspension arm (2).

3. A suspension and body system for a heavy truck according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slip reduction column (54) further comprises a slide plate 1 (541) and a buffer spring (542), wherein the slide plate 1 (541) is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder (546), and the slide plate 1 (541) is vertically slidably connected to the interior of the inner cylinder 1 (55), and a buffer spring (542) is arranged between the slide plate 1 (541) and the slide plate 2 (543), and the damping hole (51) is arranged on the surface of the slide plate 1 (541).

4. A suspension and body system for a heavy truck according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slip reduction column (54) further comprises a separation ring (544), wherein the separation ring (544) is respectively arranged on the lower surface of the second slide plate (543), and the separation ring (544) is installed in cooperation with the first slide plate (541).

5. The suspension and body system of a heavy truck according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slip reduction column (54) further comprises a sealing rubber pad (545), wherein the sealing rubber pad (545) is arranged on the outer arc surface of the first slide plate (541) and the second slide plate (543).

6. The suspension and body system of a heavy truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the load-carrying frame (3) is provided with a connecting plate (6), the lower end of the connecting plate (6) is rotatably connected to a telescopic column (7) via a rotating shaft 1, and the telescopic end of the telescopic column (7) is rotatably connected to the suspension arm (2) via a rotating shaft 2.

7. A suspension and body system for a heavy truck according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the outer cylinder (52) and the lower end of the cylinder (546) are both provided with a plug plate (10), the lower surface of the load-carrying frame (3) and the surface of the suspension arm (2) are both provided with a mounting plate (8), the surface of the mounting plate (8) is both provided with a slot (9), and the plug plates (10) are respectively plugged into the slots (9).

8. A suspension and body system for a heavy truck according to claim 7, characterized in that: The interior of the mounting plate (8) is vertically slidably connected with a slide plate (11), and the upper surface of the slide plate (11) is provided with four positioning pins (12), and the positioning pins (12) are plugged into the positioning holes on the surface of the plug plate (10). Springs (13) are respectively provided between the slide plate (11) and the top wall of the mounting plate (8), and the springs (13) are movably sleeved on the outer arc surface of the positioning pins (12).

9. A suspension and body system for a heavy truck according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer arc surface of the mounting plate (8) is respectively threadedly connected with a rotating ring (14), and the protruding columns on the outer edge of the slide plate (11) are respectively rotatably connected to the rotating grooves on the inner arc surface of the rotating ring (14), and the protruding columns on the outer edge of the slide plate (11) are located in the vertical sliding grooves on the outer arc surface of the mounting plate (8).

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