Sludge gasification device and method for distributing sludge, breaking slag and discharging ash

Abstract

The invention discloses a sludge gasification device and method for distributing sludge, breaking slag and discharging ash. The sludge gasification device comprises a sludge storage bin, a sludge adding bin communicated with the bottom of the sludge storage bin, a first gate valve arranged between the sludge storage bin and the sludge adding bin, a furnace body communicated with the bottom of the sludge adding bin, a first control valve arranged between the sludge adding bin and the furnace body, and a sludge distributing and slag breaking assembly arranged in the furnace body along the axis of the furnace body. The transmission mechanism is connected to the side face of the furnace base; the ash feeding bin communicates with the bottom of the furnace body; the ash discharging bin communicates with the bottom of the ash feeding bin; the second gate valve is arranged between the ash feeding bin and the ash discharging bin; the igniter is arranged in the furnace body; according to the invention, the sludge treatment process of sludge distribution and slag breaking can be well realized, uniform sludge distribution and efficient slag breaking can be realized, continuous dry ash discharge is realized, and the device has good practicability and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sludge treatment, and in particular relates to a sludge gasification device and method for distributing sludge, breaking slag and discharging ash. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing population and urbanization of the global society, the amount of urban sewage generated is increasing, and the amount of sludge as a by-product of urban sewage treatment is increasing dramatically. Sewage sludge is a heterogeneous body composed of organic debris, microorganisms, inorganic particles, colloids, etc. Sludge contains toxic organic matter, pathogenic microorganisms and heavy metals, which will pose a serious danger to the environment. With the sharp increase in sludge production, sludge treatment has received more and more attention.

[0003] At present, the main sludge treatment processes include deep sludge dehydration and drying, sludge composting, and sludge incineration. Among them, deep sludge dehydration and drying reduces the moisture content of sludge by mechanical and chemical methods, and then most of it is used for landfill. Although it has achieved reduction to a certain extent, it has not truly realized resource utilization. Although sludge composting can realize resource utilization, it has large investment, large land area, high operating costs, easy to produce odor, and heavy metals contained in sludge pose environmental risks. As a result, sludge cannot be used for farmland planting after composting, and can only be used as fertilizer for greening. The project is difficult to implement. Sludge incineration requires external energy, and the dioxins produced by incineration need to be treated with strict environmental protection measures at the end. The operating cost is high, it causes great harm to the human body, and seriously pollutes the environment.

[0004] In the prior art, a wet sludge gasification treatment furnace system is a relatively common sludge treatment method, which can completely solve the problem of sludge treatment and achieve the reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization of sludge treatment. However, after the sludge in the sludge gasifier undergoes a dry distillation reaction by baking with high-temperature hot gas, the main residues are non-combustibles such as coke and a small amount of clay. These sludge raw materials have the problems of high adhesion, easy coking and uneven combustion, and at a high temperature of 1000-1300°C, an oxidation-reduction reaction occurs to form inorganic slag. These sludges cause the problem of wet ash discharge difficulties, and the efficiency of traditional wet sludge gasification treatment furnace systems is relatively low. In summary, there is an urgent need for a highly efficient sludge gasification device and method for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve part or all of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a sludge gasification device and method for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash.

[0006] On the one hand, the sludge gasification device for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash provided by the present invention comprises a mud storage bin, a mud adding bin connected to the bottom of the mud storage bin, a first gate valve arranged between the mud storage bin and the mud adding bin, a furnace body connected to the bottom of the mud adding bin, a first control valve arranged between the mud adding bin and the furnace body, a mud distributing and breaking slag assembly arranged in the furnace body along the axis of the furnace body, a mud grate arranged below the mud distributing and breaking slag assembly, a furnace seat connected to the bottom of the furnace body, a transmission mechanism connected to the side of the furnace seat, an upper ash bin connected to the bottom of the furnace body, an ash discharging bin connected to the bottom of the upper ash bin, a second gate valve arranged between the upper ash bin and the ash discharging bin, a second control valve arranged at the bottom of the ash discharging bin, and an igniter arranged in the furnace body, wherein:

[0007] The mud grate is hinged to the top of the furnace base and is located in the furnace body. The bottom of the mud grate is connected to a transmission disk, the outer side of the transmission disk is connected to the output shaft of the transmission mechanism, the side wall of the furnace body is connected to an combustion-aiding agent inlet, and an air distribution hole is provided on one side of the mud grate, and the combustion-aiding agent inlet is connected to the air distribution port.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned sludge gasification device used for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash, the mud distributing and breaking slag assembly includes a transmission rod connected to the top center of the furnace body, a mud distributing plate vertically arranged on the outer periphery of the transmission rod, and slag breaking blades arranged below the mud distributing plate, the slag breaking blades are staggeredly connected to the ends of the transmission rod, and the transmission rod is connected to a driving unit.

[0009] As a specific implementation, in the above-mentioned sludge gasification device for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash, the mud adding bin, the upper ash bin and the lower part of the ash discharging bin are all inverted cone structures.

[0010] As a specific implementation, in the above-mentioned sludge gasification device for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash, the first gate valve and the second gate valve are both provided with weight sensors.

[0011] As a specific implementation, in the above-mentioned sludge gasification device for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash, the inner wall of the furnace body is covered with refractory castables.

[0012] As a specific implementation, in the above-mentioned sludge gasification device for mud distribution, slag breaking and ash discharge, a liquid cooling unit is provided in the mud distribution and slag breaking component.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned sludge gasification device for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash, the mud grate is a conical structure as a whole.

[0014] As a specific implementation, in the above-mentioned sludge gasification device for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash, the angle between the side body of the mud grate and the horizontal plane is 30° to 40°.

[0015] As a specific implementation, in the above-mentioned sludge gasification device for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash, a vibration unit is provided on one side of the upper ash bin.

[0016] On the other hand, the sludge gasification method for mud distribution, slag breaking and ash removal provided by the present invention comprises:

[0017] Step 1: transport the sludge to the sludge storage bin, and control the sludge from the sludge storage bin into the sludge adding bin through the first gate valve;

[0018] Step 2: Close the first gate valve and open the first control valve to control the sludge to enter the furnace from the sludge feeding bin;

[0019] Step 3: Start the mud distribution and slag breaking components and the transmission mechanism, the sludge enters the gasification furnace body, the mud distribution and slag breaking components are used to distribute the sludge and break the slag, the sludge is broken by the mud grate, and the slag is ignited by the igniter, and the combustion-supporting agent enters the furnace body through the combustion-supporting agent inlet and the air distribution hole for combustion-supporting agent;

[0020] Step 4: The dry ash formed after the sludge is burned falls into the upper ash bin, and the dry ash is accumulated in the upper ash bin and then collected into the ash discharge bin, and the ash discharge is controlled by the second gate valve and the second control valve.

[0021] The sludge gasification device and method for distributing sludge, breaking slag and discharging ash of the present invention have the following advantages and positive effects:

[0022] (1) The present invention can well realize the sludge treatment process of sludge distribution and slag breaking by means of the sludge distribution and slag breaking components and the sludge grate arranged inside the furnace body, and can achieve the effect of uniformly distributing the sludge and efficiently breaking the slag. The bottom of the furnace body is connected with the ash upper bin and the ash discharge bin, and the purpose of continuous dry ash discharge is effectively achieved through the cooperation of the second gate valve and the second control valve;

[0023] (2) The present invention also provides air distribution holes on the side of the mud grate so that the combustion aid can be evenly transported into the furnace body as the mud grate rotates, thereby increasing the contact area between the combustion aid and the sludge and greatly improving the reaction efficiency. A liquid cooling unit is provided in the mud distribution and slag breaking assembly so that the entire assembly is evenly heated, thereby reducing the wear of each component, and effectively solving the problem of high hardness and uneven combustion of high-temperature coked sludge caused by the high temperature in the sludge pyrolysis furnace and the easy coking of sludge raw materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings in the following descriptions are only used to further understand the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a sludge gasification device for distributing sludge, breaking slag and discharging ash according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the position of the combustion aid inlet in the sludge gasification device for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash according to the present invention.

[0027] Description of reference numerals:

[0028] 1-mud storage bin, 2-first gate valve, 3-mud adding bin, 4-first control valve, 5-furnace body, 6-mud distribution and slag breaking assembly, 7-transmission plate, 8-mud grate, 9-furnace seat, 10-upper ash bin, 11-ash discharge bin, 12-second control valve, 13-second gate valve, 14-transmission mechanism, 15-vibration unit, 16-combustion-aiding agent inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a sludge gasification device and method for distributing sludge, breaking slag and discharging ash.

[0031] On the one hand, the present invention discloses a sludge gasification device for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash, comprising a mud storage bin 1, a mud adding bin 3 connected to the bottom of the mud storage bin 1, a first gate valve 2 arranged between the mud storage bin 1 and the mud adding bin 3, a furnace body 5 connected to the bottom of the mud adding bin 3, a first control valve 4 arranged between the mud adding bin 3 and the furnace body 5, a mud distributing and breaking slag component 6 arranged in the furnace body 5 along the axis of the furnace body 5, a mud grate 8 arranged below the mud distributing and breaking slag component 6, and a The furnace seat 9, the transmission mechanism 14 connected to the side of the furnace seat 9, the upper ash bin 10 connected to the bottom of the furnace body 5, the ash discharge bin 11 connected to the bottom of the upper ash bin 10, the second gate valve 13 arranged between the upper ash bin 10 and the ash discharge bin 11, the second control valve 12 arranged at the bottom of the ash discharge bin 11, and the igniter (not shown in the figure) arranged in the furnace body 5. The connection and closing state between the mud storage bin 1 and the mud adding bin 3 can be adjusted by controlling the first gate valve 2. The valve 4 can adjust the connection and closing state between the mud adding bin 3 and the furnace body 5. The connection and closing state between the furnace body 5 and the upper ash bin 10 can be adjusted by controlling the second control valve 12. The mud and ash in the ash discharge bin 11 can be discharged by controlling the second gate valve 13. The mud grate 8 is hinged to the top of the furnace seat 9 and is located in the furnace body 5. The bottom of the mud grate 8 is connected with a transmission disc 7. The outer side of the transmission disc 7 is connected to the output shaft of the transmission mechanism 14. The outer periphery of the transmission disc 7 is provided with a transmission gear. The transmission gear is meshed with the gear provided on the side of the output shaft. The transmission disc 7 can be driven by the transmission machine to drive the mud grate 8 to rotate. The side wall of the furnace body 5 is connected with an combustion-supporting agent inlet 16. A wind distribution hole (not shown in the figure) is provided on one side of the mud grate 8. The combustion-supporting agent inlet 16 is connected to the wind distribution port. The combustion-supporting agent can pass through the combustion-supporting agent inlet 16, pass through the wind distribution hole and be added to the furnace body 5 for combustion as the mud grate 8 rotates, thereby increasing the contact area between the combustion-supporting agent and the sludge, thereby greatly improving the reaction efficiency.

[0032] Furthermore, in the sludge gasification device for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash of the present invention, the mud distributing and breaking slag assembly 6 includes a transmission rod connected to the top center of the furnace body 5, a mud distributing disk vertically arranged on the outer periphery of the transmission rod, and slag breaking blades arranged below the mud distributing disk. The slag breaking blades are staggeredly connected to the ends of the transmission rod, and the transmission rod is connected to a driving unit (not shown in the figure). As the driving unit is driven, the transmission rod drives the mud distributing disk and the slag breaking blades to rotate, and the sludge first falls into the mud distributing disk, and is evenly distributed to the slag breaking blades by the rotating mud distributing disk for slag breaking treatment, and finally falls downward into the mud grate 8.

[0033] As a specific implementation, in the sludge gasification device for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash of the present invention, the lower parts of the mud adding bin 3, the upper ash bin 10 and the ash discharging bin 11 are all inverted cone structures. This arrangement is to better gather the sludge together for centralized treatment.

[0034] As a specific embodiment, in the sludge gasification device for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash of the present invention, the first gate valve 2 and the second gate valve 13 are both provided with weight sensors (not shown in the figure). The weight sensors can accurately measure the weight of the sludge and mud ash, and then the opening and closing of the first gate valve 2 and the second gate valve 13 can be controlled according to different working conditions.

[0035] As a specific embodiment, in the sludge gasification device for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash of the present invention, the inner wall of the furnace body 5 is covered with refractory castables (not shown in the figure). This arrangement is because the refractory castables have heat insulation and wear-resistant functions, which can effectively ensure that the surface temperature of the equipment is not higher than the external temperature of 30°C, eliminating the safety hazards caused by excessive temperature during sludge treatment.

[0036] As a specific embodiment, in the sludge gasification device used for mud distribution, slag breaking and ash discharge of the present invention, a liquid cooling unit (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the mud distribution and slag breaking component 6. The liquid cooling unit can reduce the working temperature of components such as the transmission rod, the mud distribution plate, and the slag breaking blades, so that each component is heated evenly, thereby reducing the wear of each component. Such an arrangement can effectively solve the problem of high hardness and uneven combustion of high-temperature coked sludge caused by the high temperature in the sludge pyrolysis furnace and the easy coking of sludge raw materials.

[0037] Furthermore, in the sludge gasification device for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash of the present invention, the mud grate 8 is a conical structure as a whole. The conical structure of the mud grate 8 can further process the sludge falling into the mud grate 8 from the slag breaking blades. Of course, the specific structure of the mud grate 8 needs to be set according to actual working conditions.

[0038] As a specific implementation, in the sludge gasification device for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash of the present invention, the angle between the side body of the mud grate 8 and the horizontal plane is 30° to 40°, more specifically, the angle between the side body of the mud grate 8 and the horizontal plane is 35°.

[0039] As a specific embodiment, in the sludge gasification device for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash of the present invention, a vibration unit 15 is provided on one side of the upper ash bin 10. This arrangement is to allow the mud and ash accumulated in the upper ash bin 10 to fall into the ash discharging bin 11 through the vibration of the vibration unit 15.

[0040] On the other hand, the sludge gasification method of the present invention is implemented using the above-mentioned sludge gasification device, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: transport the sludge to the sludge storage bin 1, and control the sludge from the sludge storage bin 1 into the sludge adding bin 3 through the first gate valve 2;

[0042] Step 2: close the first gate valve 2, and open the first control valve 4 to control the sludge to enter the furnace body 5 from the sludge feeding bin 3, so as to effectively ensure the air pressure in the furnace body 5;

[0043] Step 3: Start the mud distribution and slag breaking component 6 and the transmission mechanism 14, the sludge enters the gasification furnace body 5, the mud distribution and slag breaking component 6 distributes the sludge and breaks the slag, the mud grate 8 breaks the slag, and the igniter is ignited, and the combustion-supporting agent enters the furnace body 5 through the air distribution hole through the combustion-supporting agent inlet 16 to support combustion;

[0044] Step 4: The dry ash formed after the sludge is burned falls into the upper ash bin 10. The dry ash is accumulated in the upper ash bin 10 and then collected into the ash discharge bin 11. During this process, the vibration unit 15 can be started to ensure that the inner wall of the upper ash bin 10 will not be adhered to residual mud and ash. The second gate valve 13 and the second control valve 12 cooperate to control the ash discharge to achieve continuous ash discharge of the device.

[0045] In summary, compared with the prior art, the sludge gasification device and method for distributing sludge, breaking slag and discharging ash of the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:

[0046] (1) The present invention can well realize the sludge treatment process of sludge distribution and slag breaking by means of the sludge distribution and slag breaking assembly 6 and the sludge grate 8 arranged inside the furnace body 5, and can achieve the effect of uniformly distributing the sludge and efficiently breaking the slag. The bottom of the furnace body 5 is connected with an upper ash bin 10 and an ash discharge bin 11, and the purpose of continuous dry ash discharge is effectively achieved through the cooperation of the second gate valve 13 and the second control valve 12;

[0047] (2) The present invention also provides air distribution holes on the side of the mud grate 8 so that the combustion aid can be evenly transported to the furnace body 5 as the mud grate 8 rotates, thereby increasing the contact area between the combustion aid and the sludge and greatly improving the reaction efficiency. A liquid cooling unit is provided in the mud distribution and slag breaking assembly 6 so that the entire assembly is evenly heated, thereby reducing the wear of each component, and effectively solving the problem of high hardness and uneven combustion of high-temperature coked sludge caused by the high temperature in the sludge pyrolysis furnace and the easy coking of sludge raw materials.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this article, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" or its synonyms should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances. Moreover, expressions such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. At the same time, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such a process, method, article or device. In addition, "front", "back", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" in this article are all referenced to the placement state shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sludge gasification device for distributing sludge, breaking slag and discharging ash, characterized in that: The sludge gasification device includes a sludge storage bin, a sludge adding bin connected to the bottom of the sludge storage bin, a first gate valve arranged between the sludge storage bin and the sludge adding bin, a furnace body connected to the bottom of the sludge adding bin, a first control valve arranged between the sludge adding bin and the furnace body, a sludge distributing and slag breaking assembly arranged in the furnace body along the axis of the furnace body, a sludge grate arranged below the sludge distributing and slag breaking assembly, a furnace seat connected to the bottom of the furnace body, a transmission mechanism connected to the side of the furnace seat, an upper ash bin connected to the bottom of the furnace body, an ash discharge bin connected to the bottom of the upper ash bin, a second gate valve arranged between the upper ash bin and the ash discharge bin, a second control valve arranged at the bottom of the ash discharge bin, and an igniter arranged in the furnace body, wherein: The mud grate is hinged to the top of the furnace base and is located in the furnace body. The bottom of the mud grate is connected to a transmission disk, the outer side of the transmission disk is connected to the output shaft of the transmission mechanism, the side wall of the furnace body is connected to an combustion-aiding agent inlet, and an air distribution hole is provided on one side of the mud grate, and the combustion-aiding agent inlet is connected to the air distribution port.

2. The sludge gasification device for distributing sludge, breaking slag and discharging ash according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mud distributing and slag breaking assembly includes a transmission rod connected to the top center of the furnace body, a mud distributing plate vertically arranged on the outer periphery of the transmission rod, and slag breaking blades arranged below the mud distributing plate. The slag breaking blades are staggeredly connected to the ends of the transmission rod, and the transmission rod is connected to a driving unit.

3. The sludge gasification device for distributing sludge, breaking slag and discharging ash according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower parts of the mud adding bin, the ash loading bin and the ash discharging bin are all inverted cone structures.

4. The sludge gasification device for distributing sludge, breaking slag and discharging ash according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first gate valve and the second gate valve are both provided with a weight sensor.

5. The sludge gasification device for distributing sludge, breaking slag and discharging ash according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner wall of the furnace body is covered with refractory casting material.

6. The sludge gasification device for distributing sludge, breaking slag and discharging ash according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A liquid cooling unit is arranged in the mud distributing and slag breaking assembly.

7. The sludge gasification device for distributing sludge, breaking slag and discharging ash according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The mud grate is a cone-shaped structure as a whole.

8. The sludge gasification device for distributing sludge, breaking slag and discharging ash according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The angle between the mud grate side body and the horizontal plane is 30° to 40°.

9. The sludge gasification device for distributing sludge, breaking slag and discharging ash according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A vibration unit is arranged on one side of the upper ash bin.

10. A sludge gasification method for distributing mud, breaking slag and discharging ash, the sludge gasification method being implemented by using the sludge gasification device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: Step 1: transport the sludge to the sludge storage bin, and control the sludge from the sludge storage bin into the sludge adding bin through the first gate valve; Step 2: Close the first gate valve and open the first control valve to control the sludge to enter the furnace from the sludge feeding bin; Step 3: Start the mud distribution and slag breaking components and the transmission mechanism, the sludge enters the gasification furnace body, the mud distribution and slag breaking components are used to distribute the sludge and break the slag, the sludge is broken by the mud grate, and the slag is ignited by the igniter, and the combustion-supporting agent enters the furnace body through the combustion-supporting agent inlet and the air distribution hole for combustion-supporting agent; Step 4: The dry ash formed after the sludge is burned falls into the upper ash bin, and the dry ash is accumulated in the upper ash bin and then collected into the ash discharge bin, and the ash discharge is controlled by the second gate valve and the second control valve.

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