Distributed water gate structure and use method

Abstract

The invention provides a distributed water gate structure and a use method.The distributed water gate structure comprises a plurality of lifting door water gate units arranged under the water surface side by side in the width direction of a river channel, each lifting door water gate unit comprises a water gate base, a buoyancy tank steel gate and inflation and exhaust equipment arranged in the water gate base, and a gate bin is arranged on the water gate base; the front and rear sides of the gate bin are breast walls in the length direction. The buoyancy tank steel gate is installed in the gate bin and comprises a gate body and a gate top cap, the gate body is provided with an inner cavity, and a water inlet and outlet hole is formed in the lower portion of the gate body. The inflation and exhaust equipment communicates with an inner cavity of the gate body through an inflation and exhaust hose to adjust the water volume of the inner cavity of the gate body and control lifting of the gate. When no tide or water is blocked, the gate main body sinks until the gate top cap is located at the top end of the breast wall of the gate base; when water or tide needs to be blocked, the buoyancy tank steel gate is inflated and pressurized through the inflation and deflation equipment, the gate gradually ascends to the preset height under the action of buoyancy, and then the tide blocking function is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic gates, and in particular relates to a distributed water gate structure and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Sluice gates are important hydraulic structures on rivers. By opening or closing the gates, the upstream and downstream water levels and flows are artificially controlled to achieve the purposes of tide control, flood prevention, flood discharge and water resource dispatch. With the influence of climate change, sea level rise and other factors, many large and even super-large coastal cities are in urgent need of building tide gates and other sluice gates at the river mouths.

[0003] Tidal gates are often built in estuary areas. Since the river channel is wide at the estuary, the water depth of the riverbed section varies significantly, and the siltation intensity is relatively high, the construction of the sluice must not only comprehensively consider factors such as site selection, rear land occupation, shoreline occupation, navigation, river flow, silt deposition, and gate structure; but also meet the requirements of ultra-large spans and ultra-high clearances required for the navigation of large ocean-going ships. Therefore, the technical difficulty of estuary sluice construction is particularly great. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a distributed sluice structure and a method of use, so that it occupies less land and coastline behind and can adapt to the complex cross-section of the riverbed; at the same time, it meets the requirements of large span and high clearance required for the navigation of large ocean-going ships, and has a short opening and closing time, easy operation and operation, and a new type of gate with a simple structure, so as to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A distributed sluice structure includes a plurality of lift gate sluice units arranged side by side under the water surface along the width of the river channel. Water is blocked by the plurality of lift gate sluice units. Each lift gate sluice unit includes a sluice base, a pontoon steel gate, and an air-filling and exhausting device arranged in the sluice base.

[0007] A gate chamber is provided on the base of the sluice gate, and the front and rear sides of the gate chamber are breast walls along the length direction;

[0008] The pontoon steel gate includes a gate body and a gate cap. The gate body can be lifted and contained in the gate compartment. The gate cap is fixedly connected to the gate body. The gate body and the gate cap are provided with interconnected inner cavities. The lower part of the gate body is provided with water inlet and outlet holes.

[0009] The inflation and exhaust device is connected to the inner cavity of the gate body through the inflation and exhaust hose to adjust the water volume in the inner cavity of the gate body and control the lifting and lowering of the gate; when it is not to block tide or water, the inlet and outlet holes at the lower part of the pontoon steel gate are opened, and water flows into the inner cavity of the gate body, and the gate body sinks to the top of the breast wall where the gate cap is located at the base of the gate; when it is necessary to block water or tide, the pontoon steel gate is inflated and pressurized through the inflation and exhaust device, and the water in the inner cavity of the pontoon steel gate is discharged outward through the inlet and outlet holes at the bottom of the pontoon steel gate, and the gate gradually rises to a predetermined height under the action of buoyancy, thereby playing the tide-blocking function.

[0010] In one of the embodiments, the shape of the gate body is adapted to the gate compartment.

[0011] In one of the embodiments, a comprehensive corridor is arranged at the lower part of the sluice base along the length direction, a concave-convex groove is arranged between two adjacent sluice bases to increase the integrity of the bases, and a water-stopping structure is arranged for anti-seepage treatment.

[0012] In one of the embodiments, the exterior of the pontoon steel gate is enclosed by steel plates, and a number of longitudinal and transverse supporting steel beams and a number of oblique steel truss support frames are arranged inside. A number of vertical partitions are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction inside the gate. The plates divide the interior of the pontoon steel gate body into a number of independently sealed pontoon compartments. The pontoon compartments can prevent instability caused by the shaking of water in the compartment during the lifting and lowering of the gate, and are also convenient for subsequent compartment maintenance.

[0013] In one of the embodiments, a sub-pontoon steel gate slot is provided at the top surface of the pontoon steel gate, and a sub-pontoon steel gate is installed in the sub-pontoon steel gate slot. The sub-pontoon steel gate is raised and lowered by filling and discharging water, thereby increasing the overall water retaining height of the gate, and the sub-pontoon steel gate is stored in the main pontoon gate to reduce the height of the sluice base and the underwater engineering volume.

[0014] In one of the embodiments, a removable breast wall top may be provided on the upper part of the breast wall to reserve conditions for deepening the waterway for subsequent expansion and dredging.

[0015] In one embodiment, the bottom of the sluice gate can be configured to be flat or stepped to accommodate changes in the riverbed morphology.

[0016] In one of the embodiments, the bottom of the gate body is connected to the bottom of the gate compartment by a limiting anchor chain.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for using a distributed sluice structure, the method comprising:

[0018] Step S1: Prefabrication of multiple sluice bases is completed. The sluice bases are placed at predetermined positions on the canal, and the experience of immersed tube tunnel construction is used to sink and install them. Joints between the sluice bases and water-stopping structures are set between the sluice bases to prevent water seepage. The construction of the sluice bases can also consider setting up cofferdams in different areas on site, and adopt a method of casting on site in different areas. After the installation of each sluice base is completed, a single prefabricated pontoon steel gate and a limit anchor chain are hoisted and installed in the gate compartment.

[0019] Step S2: When the gate needs to be opened, the water inlet and outlet holes at the bottom and the water inlet and outlet holes at the top of the floating tank steel gate are opened simultaneously, so that water enters the inner cavity of the floating tank steel gate from the water inlet and outlet holes; then, when the upper water inlet and outlet holes are submerged in the water, the water inlet and outlet holes also begin to flow with water, and finally the gate cap of the floating tank steel gate is seated on the breast wall, completing the sinking of the floating tank steel gate;

[0020] Step S3: When the gate needs to be closed, the buoyancy of the steel gate rises to the water surface by opening the water inlet and outlet holes at the bottom of the steel gate, closing the water inlet and outlet holes at the top, and inflating the inner cavity of the gate through the inflation and exhaust equipment and the inflation and exhaust pipes. The air pressure is used to discharge the water from the water in the steel gate through the water inlet and outlet holes. When the amount of water in the gate cavity is discharged to a certain extent, the steel gate gradually rises under the action of buoyancy until the gate rises to a predetermined height. The limit anchor chain between the steel gate and the sluice base is tensioned. At this time, the steel gate will be stabilized at a predetermined height to realize the water retaining function of the sluice. If a combination of multiple lifting gate sluice units is arranged side by side, super-large span water retaining is realized.

[0021] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0022] 1. The present invention effectively decomposes a large-span gate into several independent units, breaking through the limitation of the large span of traditional gates, and can be applied to ultra-large-span sluice projects.

[0023] 2. The hydraulic structures of the present invention are all located underwater, and there is no structure in the center of the river channel, which has little impact on the river flow and riverbed evolution, and also little impact on ship navigation.

[0024] 3. The hydraulic structures of the present invention are all located underwater, which greatly reduces the occupation of the land and coastline behind.

[0025] 4. Each unit of the present invention can operate independently, and the opening and closing operation is simple, and the opening and closing time of large-span and large-volume gates is greatly shortened.

[0026] 5. The present invention reduces the influence of siltation on gate operation. Most of the traditional gates need to be provided with sills, and siltation on the sills will affect the operation of the gates. However, the present invention has no sills. Even if there is a certain amount of siltation on the upper part, the buoyancy can be increased by increasing the drainage volume of the gate cavity, breaking through the siltation layer and operating normally.

[0027] 6. Although the present invention is underwater for a long time, its maintenance and overhaul can be done by dry operation in separate compartments and zones, or the gate can be lifted and floated to the dock or shore for maintenance. The maintenance conditions are better than other door types that are underwater for a long time (such as traditional flap doors), solving the problem of difficulty in underwater maintenance and overhaul.

[0028] 7. The top of the chest cavity of the present invention can be made into a movable splicing form, and a detachable section at a certain height on the upper part can be removed to meet the needs of later dredging development of the waterway.

[0029] 8. The present invention is decomposed into several independent units. The bottom of the sluice can adopt a stepped shape that can adapt to the changes in the riverbed shape. This can not only reduce the impact of the sluice on the river channel, but also solve the problem of high siltation intensity and difficult dredging and maintenance at the sill top of the flat-bottomed beach section of the conventional sluice.

[0030] 9. Each unit of the present invention is manufactured in sections and assembled on site, which can reduce the impact of the construction team on river navigation.

[0031] 10. The present invention has a simple structure, and each water gate unit is independent of each other, which reduces the difficulty of designing a large-span steel structure. When a water gate unit fails, it does not affect the structural safety and use of other water gate units.

[0032] 11. The present invention can block bidirectional water head difference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of a sluice gate according to an embodiment of the present invention when it is in a closed (gate sinking) state.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a sluice gate according to an embodiment of the present invention when it is in an open (gate floating) state.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a longitudinal section view of a sluice gate when it is closed (the gate is sunk) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of section AA (the sluice gate is in the closed (gate sunk) state).

[0037] Figure 5 This is a longitudinal section view of a sluice gate when it is opened (the gate is floating) according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of a sub-floating tank steel gate according to an embodiment of the present invention (the sluice gate is in a closed (gate sinking) state).

[0039] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of a sub-floating tank steel gate according to an embodiment of the present invention (the sluice gate is in an open (gate floating) state).

[0040] Figure 8 A solution in which a detachable section is provided on the top of the chest cavity of a gate compartment according to an embodiment of the present invention (the water gate is in a closed (gate sinking) state).

[0041] Fig. 9 This is a schematic longitudinal section diagram of a gate bottom adapted to a riverbed configuration in a stepped arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention (the gate is in a closed (gate sinking) state).

[0042] Fig.10 This is a schematic longitudinal section diagram of a gate bottom adapted to a riverbed configuration in a stepped arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention (the gate is in an open (gate floating) state). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0044] For ease of description, spatially relative terms, such as "under", "below", "down", "above", "upper", etc., will be used when necessary to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature shown in the drawings. The spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation other than the orientation shown in the drawings. For example, if the device in the figure is turned over, elements described as being "under" or "beneath" other elements or features will be oriented as being "above" the other elements or features.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, the terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by ordinary technicians in the field to which the invention belongs, and the terms should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the relevant technology and should not be understood in an idealized or overly formal way, except where explicitly defined in the present invention.

[0046] See also Figures 1 to 5 , the figure shows a distributed sluice structure, including a plurality of lifting gate sluice units 1 arranged side by side along the width direction of the river channel, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 Each lifting gate sluice unit 1 includes a sluice base 2 and a pontoon steel gate 3. Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0047] The upper opening cavity of the sluice base 2 is the gate chamber 4, and the pontoon steel gate 3 is installed in the gate chamber 4. The sluice base 2 and the pontoon steel gate 3 are combined together, and the pontoon steel gate 3 is lifted and lowered in the gate chamber 4 by the buoyancy, so as to achieve the function of water and tide blocking. When a certain amount of water is injected into the inner cavity of the pontoon steel gate 3, the pontoon steel gate 3 sinks into the gate chamber 4, and the gate is opened. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown; when the buoyancy steel gate 3 is inflated and pressurized by the inflation and exhaust equipment, the water in the inner cavity of the buoyancy steel gate 3 is discharged outward through the inlet and outlet holes 9 at the bottom of the buoyancy steel gate 3, and the gate gradually rises until the limit anchor chain is tensioned, limiting the floating of the buoyancy steel gate 3, thereby playing a tide-blocking function, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 5 shown.

[0048] In order to facilitate further understanding of the working principle of a distributed water gate structure of the present invention, the water gate base 2, the pontoon steel gate 3, and a typical embodiment of the gate are introduced in detail below.

[0049] See also Figures 1 to 5 The upper part of the sluice base 2 is an open cavity gate chamber 4, and the front and rear sides of the gate chamber 4 are breast walls 5 along the length direction.

[0050] A comprehensive corridor 6 (including corridors required for maintenance, pipelines, etc.) is arranged along the length direction at an appropriate position outside the gate chamber 4. A base joint and a water-stopping structure 7 are arranged between two adjacent sluice bases 2 to increase the integrity of the bases and play an anti-seepage role.

[0051] See also Figures 1 to 5 The gate cap 8 on the upper part of the pontoon steel gate 3 is located on the top of the breast wall 5 of the gate base 2, and a water stop is arranged between the two.

[0052] The lower part of the floating tank steel gate 3 is provided with an inlet and outlet hole 9, and the side of the gate cap 8 is provided with a water inlet and outlet hole 12. The inflation and exhaust equipment 10 is connected to the gate cavity by an inflation and exhaust hose 11, and the buoyancy and sinking of the floating tank steel gate 3 are controlled by adjusting the water volume in the gate cavity.

[0053] The exterior of the pontoon steel gate 3 is enclosed by steel plates, and a number of longitudinal and transverse supporting steel beams and a number of oblique steel truss support frames are arranged inside. A number of vertical partitions are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction inside the gate, and the plates divide the interior of the pontoon steel gate body into a number of independently sealed pontoon compartments. The pontoon compartment can prevent the instability caused by the shaking of the water body in the compartment during the lifting and lowering of the gate, and it is also convenient for the later compartment maintenance.

[0054] See also Figures 3 to 5When a super-large span water retaining is required, multiple lifting gate water gate units 1 are arranged side by side at the water retaining position. The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0055] (1) Prefabrication of multiple sluice bases 2 is completed, and the sluice bases 2 are placed at predetermined positions on the canal, and the installation is completed by drawing on the experience of immersed tube tunnel construction; inter-base seams and water-stopping structures 7 are set between the sluice bases 2 to prevent water seepage. Of course, the construction of the sluice base 2 can also consider setting up cofferdams in different areas on site and adopting a method of casting on site in different areas.

[0056] (2) After the installation of each sluice base 2 is completed, the prefabricated pontoon steel gate 3 and the limit anchor chain 13 are installed in the gate compartment 4 respectively.

[0057] (3) After the installation of each pontoon steel gate 3, the water-stopping member 7 between the gates and the limit anchor chain 13 is completed, super-large span water blocking can be achieved. Figure 5 As shown. Under normal circumstances, the gate is in a closed state, that is, the floating steel gate 3 sinks and hides in the gate compartment 4. The implementation method is to first open the water inlet and outlet holes 9 at the bottom of the floating steel gate 3 and the water inlet and outlet holes 12 at the top at the same time, so that water enters the inner cavity of the floating steel gate 3 from the water inlet and outlet holes 9; when the upper water inlet and outlet holes 12 are submerged in the water, the water inlet and outlet holes 12 also begin to enter water, and finally the gate cap 8 of the floating steel gate 3 is seated on the breast wall 5, completing the sinking of the floating steel gate 3.

[0058] When the gate needs to be opened, the floating steel gate 3 rises to a certain height by buoyancy. The implementation method is to first open the water inlet and outlet air holes 9 at the bottom of the floating steel gate 3, close the water inlet and outlet air holes 12 at the top, inflate the gate cavity through the inflation and exhaust equipment 10 and the inflation and exhaust pipe 11, and use air pressure to make the water in the floating steel gate 3 be discharged through the water inlet and outlet air holes 9. When the amount of water in the gate cavity is discharged to a certain extent, the floating steel gate 3 gradually rises under the action of buoyancy until the gate rises to a predetermined height, and the limit anchor chain 13 between the floating steel gate 3 and the sluice base 2 is tightened. At this time, the floating steel gate 3 will be stable at a predetermined height, realizing the water retaining function of the sluice. If a combination of multiple lifting gate sluice units 1 is arranged side by side, super-large span water retaining is realized.

[0059] join Figure 6 and Figure 7 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sub-floating tank steel gate slot is provided on the top surface of the pontoon steel gate 3 of the sluice, and a sub-floating tank steel gate 3-1 is installed in the sub-floating tank steel gate slot. The sub-floating tank steel gate 3-1 is raised and lowered by filling and discharging water, thereby improving the overall water retaining height of the gate, and the height of the sluice base 2 and the underwater engineering volume are reduced by storing the sub-floating tank steel gate 3-1 in the main pontoon steel gate 3.

[0060] join Figure 8 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a removable breast wall top 14 is designed for the breast wall 5 of the sluice to reserve conditions for deepening the waterway for later expansion and dredging; that is, when the waterway needs to be dredged in the later stage, the upper removable breast wall top 14 can be removed to lower the top elevation and increase the water depth of the waterway without affecting the normal operation in the later stage.

[0061] See also Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The bottom of the sluice can be stepped to better adapt to the cross-sectional shape of the riverbed. For U-shaped or V-shaped river sections, the stepped shape can better adapt to the cross-sectional shape of the riverbed, which can not only reduce the impact of the sluice on the river channel, but also help reduce the siltation intensity of the sill top of the flat-bottomed bottom beach section of the conventional sluice and the amount of subsequent dredging and maintenance.

[0062] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the present invention by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed sluice structure, characterized in that: It includes a number of lifting gate water gate units arranged side by side under the water surface along the width of the river channel, and water is blocked by a number of lifting gate water gate units. Each lifting gate water gate unit includes a water gate base, a pontoon steel gate, and an inflation and exhaust device arranged in the water gate base. A gate chamber is provided on the base of the sluice gate, and the front and rear sides of the gate chamber are breast walls along the length direction; The pontoon steel gate includes a gate body and a gate cap. The gate body can be lifted and contained in the gate compartment. The gate cap is fixedly connected to the gate body. The gate body and the gate cap are provided with interconnected inner cavities. The lower part of the gate body is provided with water inlet and outlet holes. The inflation and exhaust equipment is connected to the inner cavity through an inflation and exhaust hose to adjust the water volume in the inner cavity and control the lifting and lowering of the gate; when it is not to block tide or water, the inlet and outlet holes at the lower part of the gate body are opened, and water flows into the inner cavity of the gate body, and the gate body sinks to the top of the breast wall where the gate cap is located at the base of the gate; when it is necessary to block water or tide, the pontoon steel gate is inflated and pressurized through the inflation and exhaust equipment, and the water in the inner cavity of the pontoon steel gate is discharged outward through the inlet and outlet holes at the bottom of the pontoon steel gate, and the gate gradually rises to a predetermined height under the action of buoyancy, thereby playing a tide-blocking function.

2. The distributed water gate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape of the gate body is adapted to the gate compartment.

3. The distributed water gate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A comprehensive corridor is arranged at the lower part of the sluice base along the length direction, a concave-convex groove is arranged between two adjacent sluice bases to increase the integrity of the bases, and a water-stopping structure is arranged for anti-seepage treatment.

4. The distributed water gate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exterior of the pontoon steel gate is enclosed by steel plates, and a number of longitudinal and transverse supporting steel beams and a number of oblique steel truss support frames are arranged inside. A number of vertical partitions are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction inside the gate. The plates divide the interior of the pontoon steel gate body into a number of independently sealed pontoon compartments. The pontoon compartments can prevent instability caused by water shaking in the compartment during the lifting and lowering of the gate, and are also convenient for subsequent compartment maintenance.

5. The distributed water gate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sub-pontoon steel gate slot is arranged at the top surface of the pontoon steel gate, and a sub-pontoon steel gate is installed in the sub-pontoon steel gate slot. The sub-pontoon steel gate is raised and lowered by filling and discharging water, thereby increasing the overall water retaining height of the gate, and the height of the sluice base and the underwater engineering volume are reduced by storing the sub-pontoon steel gate in the main pontoon gate.

6. The distributed water gate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A section of removable breast wall top can be arranged on the upper part of the breast wall to reserve conditions for deepening the waterway for subsequent expansion and dredging.

7. The distributed water gate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the sluice base can be configured to be flat or stepped to accommodate changes in the riverbed shape.

8. The distributed water gate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the gate body is connected to the bottom of the gate compartment through a limiting anchor chain.

9. A method for using the distributed sluice structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises: Step S1: Prefabrication of multiple sluice bases is completed. The sluice bases are placed at predetermined positions on the canal, and the experience of immersed tube tunnel construction is used to sink and install them. Joints between the sluice bases and water-stopping structures are set between the sluice bases to prevent water seepage. The construction of the sluice bases can also consider setting up cofferdams in different areas on site, and adopt a method of casting on site in different areas. After the installation of each sluice base is completed, a single prefabricated pontoon steel gate and a limit anchor chain are hoisted and installed in the gate compartment. Step S2: When the gate needs to be opened, the water inlet and outlet holes at the bottom and the water inlet and outlet holes at the top of the floating tank steel gate are opened simultaneously, so that water enters the inner cavity of the floating tank steel gate from the water inlet and outlet holes; then, when the upper water inlet and outlet holes are submerged in the water, the water inlet and outlet holes also begin to flow with water, and finally the gate cap of the floating tank steel gate is seated on the breast wall, completing the sinking of the floating tank steel gate; Step S3: When the gate needs to be closed, the buoyancy of the steel gate rises to the water surface by opening the water inlet and outlet holes at the bottom of the steel gate, closing the water inlet and outlet holes at the top, and inflating the inner cavity of the gate through the inflation and exhaust equipment and the inflation and exhaust pipes. The air pressure is used to discharge the water from the water in the steel gate through the water inlet and outlet holes. When the amount of water in the gate cavity is discharged to a certain extent, the steel gate gradually rises under the action of buoyancy until the gate rises to a predetermined height. The limit anchor chain between the steel gate and the sluice base is tensioned. At this time, the steel gate will be stabilized at a predetermined height to realize the water retaining function of the sluice. If a combination of multiple lifting gate sluice units is arranged side by side, super-large span water retaining is realized.

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