Orifice coupling type automatic opening and closing cover plate device and mounting and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an orifice coupling type automatic opening and closing cover plate device and a mounting and using method thereof. The orifice coupling type automatic opening and closing cover plate device specifically comprises a driving rack, a cover plate opening and closing auxiliary mechanism, a personnel emergency operation mechanism, a cover plate device and a safety control system. The driving racks are installed on the two sides of the climbing device, and vertical movement of the climbing device is converted into opening and closing operation of the cover plate device in a gear and rack meshing mode. The cover plate opening and closing auxiliary mechanism achieves conversion and transmission of driving force through mechanical transmission parts such as gears, chain wheels and chains. The personnel emergency operation mechanism allows the cover plate to be manually opened and closed when the system breaks down, and field safety is ensured. And the safety control system is used for monitoring the moving track of the cover plate device on the supporting track. Efficient and safe opening and closing of the orifice cover plate are achieved through automatic control and mechanical linkage, the device is particularly suitable for working occasions where frequent access to orifices is needed, and the working efficiency and the operation safety are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of manhole opening safety protection, and in particular to an opening opening coupling type automatic switch cover plate device and an installation and use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In daily work, we will be involved in a lot of work that requires going up and down in the manhole. Generally, the orifice of these equipment is equipped with an orifice cover. When the operator needs to go up and down through the orifice, the orifice cover needs to be opened. However, when a climbing device is installed at the orifice, this type of cover needs to be opened and closed in advance during the operation of the climbing device. At present, there are two main ways to open and close the manhole cover: manual direct operation and electric drive. Manual direct operation requires one person to be responsible for the opening and closing of the orifice cover. When entering the hole, open the cover first to avoid the climbing device carrying people into the hole. After entering a certain position without affecting the passage, close the orifice cover to ensure the safety of the orifice area. And this method requires the operator to stand at the edge of the orifice to open the cover, which has the risk of falling; electric drive is to add a set of electric drive devices at the orifice to realize the opening and closing of the cover, but this method has the following problems: The operation and maintenance costs are increased. The addition of a set of drive devices requires a separate traction power supply. If there is no power supply on site, the cost of laying a separate power supply is high. The switch of the cover plate cannot be effectively linked with the lifting and lowering operation of the climbing device. The climbing device and the cover plate are two independent operating devices with their own driving mechanisms. However, when sequential control is required at the orifice, more sensors need to be added to achieve the linkage operation of the equipment and the cover plate. However, during actual operation, sensor failure may cause the equipment and the cover plate to collide, causing equipment damage and personal injury. There is a safety hazard of electric shock. Climbing equipment generally uses a safe voltage, but the cover plate is more often driven directly by 220V, which poses a risk of electric shock to people climbing the ladder. How to safely, efficiently and effectively link to complete effective safety protection of the orifice of the climbing device is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an orifice-coupled automatic switch cover device and its installation and use method, wherein the upward and downward movements of the climbing device itself are used as the power source of the device of the present invention, driving the driving racks installed on both sides of the climbing device to follow the climbing device to move up and down, and the driving racks are engaged with the gears of the cover device to move, and the output is converted and changed through the bevel gear, thereby driving the chain to rotate forward and backward, and making the cover connecting device at the bottom of the driving chain to perform reciprocating linear motion, so as to realize the function of the device automatically opening and closing the corresponding orifice cover safely, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the orifice part of the climbing device.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an orifice coupling type automatic switch cover device, including a driving rack, an orifice cover switch auxiliary mechanism, a personnel emergency operation mechanism, a cover device and a safety control system, wherein: The driving rack serves as a power input driving device, which transmits the up and down movement of the climbing device to the upper gear and the lower gear in the form of gear rack meshing operation, and drives the cover plate device to perform the opening and closing operation by itself through the conversion of the opening cover plate opening and closing auxiliary mechanism; The cover switch auxiliary mechanism is used to receive the driving force transmitted by the rack and use the power to drive the switch operation of the cover device. The cover switch auxiliary mechanism is composed of a gear, a sprocket, an input shaft, a chain, a transfer shaft, a bevel gear, a driven bevel gear and a connecting shaft, wherein the gear is installed on the input shaft, and the power of the driving rack is transmitted to the cover device; The personnel emergency operating mechanism is to provide an emergency switch for the operator when a system device fails or the cover device needs to be temporarily opened or closed due to work needs, so as to ensure the safety of on-site operations, and is mainly composed of an operating handle, a manual bevel gear and a linkage bevel gear; The safety control system consists of a cover fully closed detection device, a cover fully open detection device and an audible and visual alarm device. The cover fully closed detection device and the cover fully open detection device are installed at both ends of the support track where the cover device is located, and are used to detect the walking trajectory of the cover device on the support track. The optical alarm device is installed on the climbing device.

[0005] In the preferred solution, the driving rack is installed on the two outer side frame parts of the climbing device by welding, and the driving rack includes an upper driving rack at the hole opening and a lower driving rack at the hole opening. The upper driving rack at the hole opening cooperates with the upper switch auxiliary mechanism of the cover device, and the lower driving rack at the hole opening cooperates with the lower switch auxiliary mechanism of the cover device.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the cover switch auxiliary mechanism includes a base, which includes an upper base and a lower base. The upper base is installed at a position above the concrete hole, and is provided with a first avoidance groove, a first receiving drive component mounting hole, a first transmitting drive component mounting hole, a first cover switch actuator avoidance groove and a first cover switch actuator mounting hole. A fixed connection is formed between the upper base and the ground. The lower base is installed at a position below the concrete hole, and is provided with a second avoidance groove, a second receiving drive component mounting hole, a second transmitting drive component mounting hole, a second cover switch actuator avoidance groove and a second cover switch actuator mounting hole. A fixed connection is formed between the lower base and the ground.

[0007] In the preferred solution, in the cover plate switch auxiliary mechanism, when the climbing device moves downward, the cover plate device performs the cover opening operation, the upper driving rack of the orifice drives the upper switch gear downward to work, drives the upper chain to rotate counterclockwise, and the connecting shaft rotates clockwise under the conversion of the bevel gear and the driven bevel gear, drives the upper cover plate drive chain to rotate clockwise, thereby driving the cover plate device to move in the direction of opening the cover, realizing the automatic cover opening function of the cover plate device; When the climbing device descends to the set height, the cover device performs the cover closing operation, the lower driving rack drives the lower switch gear downward to work, driving the lower chain to rotate clockwise, and the connecting shaft rotates counterclockwise under the conversion of the bevel gear and the driven bevel gear, driving the lower cover drive chain to rotate counterclockwise, thereby driving the cover device to move in the direction of closing the cover, realizing the automatic cover closing function of the cover device.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the driving cover device is installed in the concrete hole. The driving cover device is composed of multiple steel cover strips of standard strip structure. The cover strips are connected to form a whole through hinges, and are connected to the upper chain and lower chain of the cover switch auxiliary mechanism through connecting rods. It moves parallel to the support track and enters the rotating track along the support track under the drive of external force.

[0009] In a preferred solution, the length L of the rack is greater than the length of the cover device.

[0010] In a preferred solution, the height of the upper base is ≥2m, and the height of the lower base is ≥2.5m.

[0011] The installation and use method of the above-mentioned orifice coupling type automatic switch cover device includes the following steps: 1) Determine the H2 boarding location According to the descending height h1 between H2 and H3, the system transmission ratio n of the cover opening and closing auxiliary mechanism is designed and calculated, and the height of H2 is controlled to be no greater than 250mm; 2) Determine the position of the H3 stop cover opening device The H3 position ensures that the cover device at the hole opening is fully opened and the climbing device does not interfere with the cover device, thereby determining the parking position after the climbing device is opened; 3) Determine the position of the cover device starting to open H1 According to the transmission ratio n of the cover switch auxiliary mechanism system, the effective length L of the rack is determined, and the height between H1 and H2 is ≥ L, which determines the installation position of the rack in the non-climbing device, that is, the installation position of the upper gear in the cover switch auxiliary mechanism is determined, and then the cover switch auxiliary mechanism is fixedly installed on the concrete at the opening of the concrete hole; 4) Determine the position of H4 to start closing the cover device When the climbing device and passengers have all entered the opening, the cover closing device is started, and the installation position of the lower gear in the cover switch auxiliary mechanism is determined according to the distance ≥2.5m below the opening, that is, the closing position of the trigger cover device below the opening is determined; 5) Determine the position of the H5 stop closing cover device The position of H5 = H4 + L.

[0012] The operation logic control method of the above-mentioned orifice coupling type automatic opening and closing cover device is as follows: When the climbing device is in downward motion, the system action flow is as follows: The personnel stands on the no-climbing device (H2) → the climbing device is powered and moves downward → the upper drive rack drives the cover device to open the cover → the cover is fully opened (H3) → the climbing device moves downward → the lower drive rack drives the cover device to close the cover (H4) → the climbing device moves downward → the cover is fully closed (H5) → the climbing device moves downward → the climbing device stops; When the climbing device is in upward motion, the system action flow is as follows: The personnel stands on the no-climbing device → the climbing device is powered and moves upward → the lower drive rack drives the cover switch device to open the cover (H6) → the cover is fully opened (H7) → the climbing device moves upward → the upper drive rack drives the cover switch device to close the cover (H8) → the climbing device moves upward → the cover is fully closed (H9) → the climbing device stops.

[0013] The invention provides an orifice coupling type automatic switch cover device and an installation and use method thereof, which has the following beneficial effects by adopting the above structure and method: (1) By integrating the drive rack, the opening cover plate switch auxiliary mechanism, the personnel emergency operation mechanism, the cover plate device and the safety control system, the device can automatically complete the opening and closing operation of the cover plate without human intervention. Specifically, when the climbing device moves up and down, the power is transmitted to the opening cover plate switch auxiliary mechanism through the meshing action of the gear rack, and then the cover plate device is driven to perform the opening and closing operation. This series of actions is completely completed automatically by the mechanical structure without the need for additional human intervention, which greatly improves work efficiency and reduces errors and delays caused by human factors; (2) The use of efficient mechanical transmission methods such as gear racks, sprocket chains, etc. makes the overall structure of the device more compact and reasonable. These mechanical components can not only effectively transmit power, but also simplify the complexity of the device, making it easier to install, debug and maintain; (3) The cover device can adjust the opening and closing covering size according to actual needs. It is suitable for orifice environments of different sizes and has strong environmental adaptability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the drive rack installation structure of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the detailed structure at point A in the middle.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the upper base structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the lower base structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the personnel emergency operation mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover plate device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the automatic opening and closing logic of the cover device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the practical application of the present invention.

[0022] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover plate device of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: concrete hole 0, climbing device 02, driving device 1, rack 11, upper driving rack 111, lower driving rack 112, cover switch auxiliary mechanism 2, base 21, upper base 211, first avoidance groove 211-1, first receiving drive component mounting hole 211-2, first transmission drive component mounting hole 211-3, first plate switch actuator avoidance groove 211-4, first cover switch actuator mounting hole 211-5, lower base 212, second installation avoidance groove 212-1, second receiving drive component mounting hole 212-2, second transmission drive component mounting hole 212-3, second cover switch actuator avoidance groove 212-4, second cover switch actuator mounting hole 212-5, gear 22, upper gear 221, lower gear 222, sprocket 23, input shaft 24, chain 25, upper chain 251-1, upper cover drive chain 251-2, lower chain 252-1, lower cover drive chain 252-2, transfer shaft 26, bevel gear 27, driven bevel gear 28, connecting shaft 29, personnel emergency operating mechanism 3, operating handle 31, manual bevel gear 32, linkage bevel gear 33, cover device 4, support rail 41, connecting rod 42, cover strip 43, hinge 44, rotating rail 45, safety control system 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Embodiment 1: An orifice coupling type automatic opening and closing cover device is composed of a driving rack 11, a cover opening and closing auxiliary mechanism 2, a personnel emergency operation mechanism 3, a cover device 4 and a safety control system 5. The driving rack 11 is installed on both sides of the climbing device body by welding. Its main function is to use the up and down movement of the climbing device 02 as a power source, and to trigger the driving cover device to perform opening and closing movement by meshing with the driven gear; The opening cover plate switch auxiliary mechanism 2 is composed of two sets of receiving devices, which are respectively installed at the upper and lower parts of the opening. The main function is to receive the power transmitted by the driving rack, and transmit the power to the chain as needed after the driven gear transmission processing, so as to drive the opening cover plate to perform the opening and closing operation, and realize the automatic opening and closing function of the cover plate during the up and down passage of the climbing device 02. The mechanism includes a base 21, a gear, a sprocket, an input shaft, a chain, a transfer shaft, a bevel gear, a driven bevel gear and a connecting shaft, etc.; Personnel emergency operating mechanism 3, the main function is to provide emergency switches for operators to ensure the safety of on-site operations when the automatic switch system fails or the cover plate needs to be temporarily opened or closed due to work needs; The cover plate device 4 is installed at the hole opening, and is made of a plurality of standard strip-shaped steel products, which are connected by hinges to form a cover plate, which can effectively cover the hole opening, and can enter the rotating track along the track system under the drive of external force, so as to ensure that the cover plate device is effectively stored in the rotating track, and reduce the impact on the ground area; The safety control system 5 is mainly used to detect the position of the cover device. When the cover fails to be in place as required after the prescribed action, an audible and visual alarm is issued and the signal is transmitted to the climbing device control system in time to achieve effective control of the climbing device and ensure the safe operation of the equipment.

[0025] Embodiment 2: Based on the device described in Example 1, specifically: the device includes a driving rack 11, an orifice cover plate switch auxiliary mechanism 2, a personnel emergency operation mechanism 3, a cover plate device 4 and a safety control system 5, wherein: The driving rack 11 serves as a power input driving device 1, which transmits the up and down movement of the climbing device 02 to the upper gear 221 and the lower gear 222 in the form of gear rack meshing operation, and drives the cover device 4 to perform the opening and closing operation by itself through the conversion of the orifice cover switch auxiliary mechanism 2; The cover switch auxiliary mechanism 2 is used to receive the driving force transmitted by the rack 11, and use the power to drive the switch operation of the cover device 4. The cover switch auxiliary mechanism 2 is composed of a gear 22, a sprocket 23, an input shaft 24, a chain 25, a transfer shaft 26, a bevel gear 27, a driven bevel gear 28 and a connecting shaft 29, wherein the gear 22 is installed on the input shaft 24, and the power of the driving rack 11 is transmitted to the cover device 4; The personnel emergency operating mechanism 3 is to provide an emergency switch for the operator when the system device fails or the cover device 4 is temporarily opened or closed due to work needs, so as to ensure the safety of on-site operations, and is mainly composed of an operating handle 31, a manual bevel gear 32 and a linkage bevel gear 33; The safety control system 5 is composed of a cover fully closed detection device 51, a cover fully open detection device 52 and a sound and light alarm device. The cover fully closed detection device 51 and the cover fully open detection device 52 are installed at both ends of the support track 41 where the cover device 4 is located, and are used to detect the walking trajectory of the cover device 4 on the support track 41. The light alarm device is installed on the climbing device 02.

[0026] in: The driving rack 11 is installed on the two outer side frame parts of the climbing device 02 by welding. The driving rack 11 includes an upper driving rack 111 at the hole opening and a lower driving rack 112 at the hole opening. The upper driving rack 111 at the hole opening cooperates with the upper switch auxiliary mechanism of the cover device 4, and the lower driving rack 112 at the hole opening cooperates with the lower switch auxiliary mechanism of the cover device 4.

[0027] The cover switch auxiliary mechanism 2 includes a base 21, and the base 21 includes an upper base 211 and a lower base 212. The upper base 211 is installed at a position above the concrete hole 0. The upper base 211 is provided with a first avoidance groove 211-1, a first receiving drive component mounting hole 211-2, a first transmission drive component mounting hole 211-3, a first cover switch actuator avoidance groove 211-4 and a first cover switch actuator mounting hole 211-5. The upper base 211 is fixedly connected to the ground. The lower base 212 is installed at a position below the concrete hole 0. The lower base 212 is provided with a second avoidance groove 212-1, a second receiving drive component mounting hole 212-2, a second transmission drive component mounting hole 212-3, a second cover switch actuator avoidance groove 212-4 and a second cover switch actuator mounting hole 212-5. The lower base 212 is fixedly connected to the ground.

[0028] In the cover plate switch auxiliary mechanism 2, when the climbing device 02 moves downward, the cover plate device 4 performs the cover opening operation, and the upper driving rack 111 of the orifice drives the upper switch gear 221 to work downward, driving the upper chain 251-1 to rotate counterclockwise, and the connecting shaft 29 rotates clockwise under the conversion of the bevel gear 27 and the driven bevel gear 28, driving the upper cover plate driving chain 251-2 to rotate clockwise, thereby driving the cover plate device 4 to move in the direction of opening the cover, realizing the automatic cover opening function of the cover plate device 4; When the climbing device 02 descends to the set height, the cover device 4 performs the cover closing operation, and the lower driving rack 112 drives the lower switch gear 222 to work downward, driving the lower chain 252-1 to rotate clockwise, and under the conversion of the bevel gear 272 and the driven bevel gear 282, the connecting shaft 29 rotates counterclockwise, driving the lower cover drive chain 252-2 to rotate counterclockwise, thereby driving the cover device 4 to move in the direction of closing the cover, realizing the automatic cover closing function of the cover device 4.

[0029] The driving cover device 4 is installed at the concrete hole 0. The driving cover device 4 is composed of multiple steel cover strips 43 of standard strip structure. The cover strips 43 are connected to form a whole through hinges 44, and are connected to the upper chain 251-1 and the lower chain 252-1 of the cover switch auxiliary mechanism 2 through connecting rods 42. It moves parallel to the support track 41 and enters the rotating track 45 along the support track 41 under the drive of external force.

[0030] The length L of the rack 11 is greater than the length of the cover device 4 .

[0031] The height of the upper base 211 is ≥2 m, and the height of the lower base 212 is ≥2.5 m.

[0032] Embodiment 3: Further integration Figure 7 A method for installing and using an orifice coupling type automatic switch cover device comprises the following steps: 1) Determine the H2 boarding location According to the descending height h1 between H2 and H3, the system transmission ratio n of the cover opening and closing auxiliary mechanism 2 is designed and calculated, and the height of H2 is controlled not to be greater than 250mm, so as to facilitate the climbing device for passers-by to go up and down, thereby determining the parking position of the climbing device; 2) Determine the position of H3 stop opening cover device 4 The H3 position ensures that the cover device 4 at the opening is fully opened and the climbing device 02 does not interfere with the cover device 4, thereby determining the parking position after the climbing device 02 is opened; 3) Determine the position of H1 to start opening the cover device 4 According to the transmission ratio n of the cover switch auxiliary mechanism system 2, the effective length L of the rack 11 is determined, and the height between H1 and H2 is ≥ L, and the installation position of the rack 11 in the non-climbing device is determined, that is, the installation position of the upper gear 221 in the cover switch auxiliary mechanism 2 is determined, and then the cover switch auxiliary mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on the concrete of the opening of the concrete hole 0; 4) Determine the position of H4 to start closing the cover device 4 When the climbing device 02 and the passengers all enter the hole, the cover closing device 4 is started, and the installation position of the lower gear 222 in the cover switch auxiliary mechanism 2 is determined according to the distance ≥2.5m below the hole, that is, the closing position of the trigger cover device 4 below the hole is determined; 5) Determine the position of H5 stop closing cover device 4 The position of H5 = H4 + L.

[0033] Figure 7 Among them, H1=H10, H2=H9, H3=H8, H4=H7, H5=H6.

[0034] Embodiment 4: The operation logic control method of the orifice coupling type automatic switch cover device specifically includes the following two parts: When the climbing device 02 is in downward motion, the system action flow is as follows: The personnel stands on the no-climbing device (H2) → the climbing device 02 is powered and moves downward → the upper drive rack 111 drives the cover device 4 to open the cover → the cover is fully opened (H3) → the climbing device 02 moves downward → the lower drive rack 112 drives the cover device 4 to close the cover (H4) → the climbing device 02 moves downward → the cover is fully closed (H5) → the climbing device 02 moves downward → the climbing device 02 stops; When the climbing device 02 is in upward motion, the system action flow is as follows: The personnel stands on the no-climbing device → the climbing device 02 is energized and moves upward → the lower drive rack 112 drives the cover switch device to open the cover (H6) → the cover is fully opened (H7) → the climbing device 02 moves upward → the upper drive rack 111 drives the cover switch device to close the cover (H8) → the climbing device 02 moves upward → the cover is fully closed (H9) → the climbing device 02 stops.

[0035] The present invention realizes the automatic opening and closing of the cover by integrating a drive rack, a cover opening and closing auxiliary mechanism, a personnel emergency operating mechanism, a cover device and a safety control system, which not only improves work efficiency and reduces the need for manual operation, but also enhances the safety and reliability of the system, and can ensure the safety of operators in particular in emergency situations. The system is suitable for working environments that require frequent opening and closing of the cover.

Claims

1. An orifice coupling type automatic opening and closing cover device, characterized in that: It comprises a driving rack (11), a cover switch auxiliary mechanism (2), a personnel emergency operation mechanism (3), a cover device (4) and a safety control system (5), wherein: The driving rack (11) serves as a power input driving device (1), which transmits the up and down movement of the climbing device (02) to the upper gear (221) and the lower gear (222) in a gear rack meshing operation mode, and drives the cover plate device (4) to perform the opening and closing operation by switching the orifice cover plate opening and closing auxiliary mechanism (2); The cover plate switch auxiliary mechanism (2) is used to receive the driving force transmitted by the rack (11) and use the power to drive the switch operation of the cover plate device (4). The cover plate switch auxiliary mechanism (2) is composed of a gear (22), a sprocket (23), an input shaft (24), a chain (25), a transfer shaft (26), a bevel gear (27), a driven bevel gear (28) and a connecting shaft (29), wherein the gear (22) is mounted on the input shaft (24) and the power of the driving rack (11) is transmitted to the cover plate device (4); The personnel emergency operating mechanism (3) is used to provide an emergency switch for the operator when a system device fails or the cover plate device (4) needs to be temporarily opened or closed due to work, thereby ensuring the safety of on-site operations. The mechanism is mainly composed of an operating handle (31), a manual bevel gear (32) and a linkage bevel gear (33); The safety control system (5) is composed of a cover plate fully closed detection device (51), a cover plate fully open detection device (52) and an audible and visual alarm device. The cover plate fully closed detection device (51) and the cover plate fully open detection device (52) are installed at both ends of a support track (41) on which the cover plate device (4) is located, and are used to detect the walking track of the cover plate device (4) on the support track (41). The visual alarm device is installed on the climbing device (02).

2. The orifice coupling type automatic opening and closing cover device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving rack (11) is installed on the two outer side frame parts of the climbing device (02) by welding, and the driving rack (11) includes an upper driving rack (111) of the hole opening and a lower driving rack (112) of the hole opening. The upper driving rack (111) of the hole opening cooperates with the upper switch auxiliary mechanism of the cover device (4), and the lower driving rack (112) of the hole opening cooperates with the lower switch auxiliary mechanism of the cover device (4).

3. The orifice coupling type automatic opening and closing cover device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover switch auxiliary mechanism (2) comprises a base (21), the base (21) comprising an upper base (211) and a lower base (212), the upper base (211) being installed above the concrete hole (0), and the upper base (211) being provided with a first avoidance groove (211-1), a first receiving drive component mounting hole (211-2), a first transmitting drive component mounting hole (211-3), a first cover switch actuator avoidance groove (211-4) and a first cover switch actuator mounting hole (211-5). 11-5), a fixed connection is formed between the upper base (211) and the ground, the lower base (212) is installed at a position below the concrete hole (0), and a second avoidance groove (212-1), a second receiving drive component installation hole (212-2), a second transmission drive component installation hole (212-3), a second cover switch actuator avoidance groove (212-4) and a second cover switch actuator installation hole (212-5) are provided in the lower base (212), and a fixed connection is formed between the lower base (212) and the ground.

4. The orifice coupling type automatic opening and closing cover device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the cover plate switch auxiliary mechanism (2), when the climbing device (02) moves downward, the cover plate device (4) performs a cover opening operation, and the upper drive rack (111) of the orifice drives the upper switch gear (221) to work downward, driving the upper chain (251-1) to rotate counterclockwise, and under the conversion of the bevel gear (27) and the driven bevel gear (28), the connecting shaft (29) rotates clockwise, driving the upper cover plate drive chain (251-2) to rotate clockwise, thereby driving the cover plate device (4) to move in the direction of opening the cover, thereby realizing the automatic cover opening function of the cover plate device (4); When the climbing device (02) descends to the set height, the cover device (4) performs a cover closing operation, and the lower driving rack (112) drives the lower switch gear (222) to work downward, driving the lower chain (252-1) to rotate clockwise, and the connecting shaft (29) rotates counterclockwise under the conversion of the bevel gear (272) and the driven bevel gear (282), driving the lower cover drive chain (252-2) to rotate counterclockwise, thereby driving the cover device (4) to move in the direction of closing the cover, thereby realizing the automatic cover closing function of the cover device (4).

5. The orifice coupling type automatic opening and closing cover device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving cover plate device (4) is installed at the concrete hole (0). The driving cover plate device (4) is composed of a plurality of steel cover plate strips (43) of a standard strip structure. The cover plate strips (43) are connected to form a whole through hinges (44), and are connected to the upper chain (251-1) and the lower chain (252-1) of the cover plate switch auxiliary mechanism (2) through connecting rods (42). The driving cover plate device (4) moves parallel to the support track (41) and enters the rotating track (45) along the support track (41) under the drive of an external force.

6. The orifice coupling type automatic opening and closing cover device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length L of the rack (11) is greater than the length of the cover plate device (4).

7. The orifice coupling type automatic opening and closing cover device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper base (211) has a height of ≥2 m, and the lower base (212) has a height of ≥2.5 m.

8. A method for installing and using an orifice coupling type automatic opening and closing cover device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The following steps are involved: 1) Determine the H2 boarding location According to the descending height h1 between H2 and H3, the system transmission ratio n of the cover opening and closing auxiliary mechanism (2) is designed and calculated, and the height of H2 is controlled to be no greater than 250 mm; 2) Determine the position of the H3 stop cover opening device (4) The H3 position ensures that the cover device (4) at the opening is fully opened and the climbing device (02) does not interfere with the cover device (4), thereby determining the parking position of the climbing device (02) after opening; 3) Determine the position of the cover opening device (4) at H1 According to the transmission ratio n of the cover switch auxiliary mechanism system (2), the effective length L of the rack (11) is determined, and the height between H1 and H2 is ≥ L, and the installation position of the rack (11) on the non-climbing device is determined, that is, the installation position of the upper gear (221) in the cover switch auxiliary mechanism (2) is determined, and then the cover switch auxiliary mechanism (2) is fixedly installed on the concrete at the opening of the concrete hole (0); 4) Determine the position of the H4 cover device (4) when it starts to close. When the climbing device (02) and the passengers have all entered the opening, the cover closing device (4) is activated, and the installation position of the lower gear (222) of the cover opening auxiliary mechanism (2) is determined according to the distance ≥2.5m below the opening, that is, the closing position of the trigger cover device (4) below the opening is determined; 5) Determine the position of the H5 stop closing cover device (4) The position of H5 = H4 + L.

9. The operation logic control method of an orifice coupling type automatic opening and closing cover device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The invention comprises a logical control method for downward movement of a climbing device (02), specifically comprising: A person stands on the no-climbing device (H2) → the climbing device (02) is powered and moves downward → the upper drive rack (111) drives the cover device (4) to open the cover → the cover is fully opened (H3) → the climbing device (02) moves downward → the lower drive rack (112) drives the cover device (4) to close the cover (H4) → the climbing device (02) moves downward → the cover is fully closed (H5) → the climbing device (02) moves downward → the climbing device (02) stops.

10. The operation logic control method of the orifice coupling type automatic opening and closing cover device according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The invention comprises a logical control method for upward movement of a climbing device (02), specifically comprising: The personnel stands on the climbing-free device → the climbing device (02) is energized and moves upward → the lower drive rack (112) drives the cover switch device to open the cover (H6) → the cover is fully opened (H7) → the climbing device (02) moves upward → the upper drive rack (111) drives the cover switch device to close the cover (H8) → the climbing device (02) moves upward → the cover is fully closed (H9) → the climbing device (02) stops.

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