Three-dimensional traffic transportation method for strip mine
By building an interchange transportation system in open-pit mines and adopting intelligent management, the problem of excessively long separation transportation distance and the intersection of transportation systems has been solved, cost savings and safety improvements have been achieved, and production organization management efficiency has been improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411500067.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-25
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-07
AI Technical Summary
The long distance of stripping transportation in open-pit mines leads to an increase in operating costs, and the intersection of the raw coal transportation system and the stripping transportation system causes difficulties in production organization management and safety risks.
Build an interchange transportation system between mining sites and drainage sites in open-pit mines, design independent transportation channels to isolate raw coal and strip transportation systems, reduce transportation distances and alleviate traffic pressure, adopt modular design and intelligent transportation management modules to optimize Vehicle dispatch.
It significantly reduces the cost of stripping transportation, improves the economic benefits of open-pit mines, reduces Beibang Vehicle traffic, and ensures transportation safety and production organization and management efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN119266827A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of open-pit mine transportation, and in particular to a three-dimensional transportation method for open-pit mines. Background Art
[0002] As an important way to mine mineral resources, the efficient operation of the transportation system of open-pit mines has a significant impact on the output efficiency and economic benefits of the entire mine. In the mining process of open-pit mines, the transportation of stripping materials is a crucial link. Stripping materials refer to materials such as soil and rocks covering the ore body that must be removed in order to obtain mineral resources. The traditional open-pit stripping transportation method usually causes the raw coal transportation system and the stripping transportation system to intersect, which not only increases the transportation distance, but also increases the transportation cost, and at the same time creates difficulties in production organization and management.
[0003] In order to avoid the intersection of stripping and raw coal transportation systems, in the relevant technology, the outsourced stripping of open-pit mines usually adopts a single-loop internal discharge method. Although this practice avoids the intersection of transportation systems to a certain extent, it leads to a significant increase in the stripping material discharge and transportation distance. At present, the stripping material transportation distance of the upper part of the open-pit coal mine can reach more than 5km, which is far beyond the economic transportation distance range of dump trucks.
[0004] Dump trucks are commonly used as transportation tools in open-pit mines. Their economic transportation distance is generally around 3km. When the transportation distance exceeds this range, the operating cost will increase sharply. According to statistics, for every additional 1km of transportation distance, the calculation of the amount of soil discharged by the open-pit mine shows that the additional operating cost can reach 10 million yuan / year. This cost increase has caused the stripping transportation cost to remain high, seriously affecting the economic benefits of the open-pit mine.
[0005] In addition, since all outsourced stripping vehicles are transported to Beibang, the traffic volume in Beibang has increased significantly, which not only aggravates road congestion, but also makes production organization and management more difficult. Frequent intersections of vehicles on narrow roads not only reduce transportation efficiency, but also may cause safety accidents. Summary of the invention
[0006] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.
[0007] To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a three-dimensional transportation method for an open-pit mine to solve the problems of increased operating costs caused by long stripping and transportation distances, and difficulties in production organization and management caused by crossover of transportation systems.
[0008] The open-pit mine three-dimensional transportation method of the embodiment of the present invention includes:
[0009] Construction of an interchange transportation system between the open-pit mine's stope and spoil dump;
[0010] Mapping the terrain between the open pit and the spoil dump of the open pit mine to determine the appropriate location and design parameters of the interchange transportation system;
[0011] Carry out foundation construction at the determined location, including but not limited to digging foundation pits, pouring concrete foundations or setting up foundation reinforcement measures;
[0012] According to the design parameters, the main structure is assembled or prefabricated on site, and the prefabricated or assembled main structure is installed on the foundation using lifting equipment and fixed;
[0013] The connection parts of the interchange transportation system and the south wall and the north wall of the open-pit mine are connected to each other to enable vehicles in the open-pit mine to smoothly transfer to the interchange transportation system;
[0014] At least two independent transport channels are arranged on the interchange transport system, one of which is used for passing open-pit mine coal transport vehicles, and the other is used for passing stripping and earth removal vehicles.
[0015] The open-pit mine three-dimensional transportation method of the embodiment of the present invention reduces the stripping distance, saves production costs, and improves the economic benefits of the open-pit mine. In addition, it realizes the outsourcing stripping double-circulation transportation of the north and south gangs, effectively alleviates the traffic pressure of the north gang, and ensures transportation safety.
[0016] In some embodiments, the interchange transport system includes upper and lower transport passages, the upper transport passage is used for passing stripping and earth removal vehicles, and the lower transport passage is used for passing raw coal transport vehicles.
[0017] In some embodiments, the main structure of the interchange transportation system adopts a modular design.
[0018] In some embodiments, temporary supports are used during the construction of the main structure of the interchange transportation system.
[0019] In some embodiments, after the main structure construction of the interchange transportation system is completed, quality inspection and acceptance are carried out.
[0020] In some embodiments, the construction of the connection portion between the interchange transportation system and the south wall and the north wall of the open-pit mine includes setting up a transition ramp and a connecting passage.
[0021] In some embodiments, the construction method of the transition ramp and the connecting channel includes:
[0022] Dig the ramp foundation on the south and north sides respectively, and reinforce them according to the design requirements;
[0023] Laying a ramp structure on the foundation, and providing a connecting piece between the ramp structure and the main structure of the interchange transportation system;
[0024] Surface treatment of transition ramps and connecting channels.
[0025] In some embodiments, the type and number of vehicles passing through the open-pit mine are set according to the height and slope of the connecting parts of the interchange transportation system and the south and north walls of the open-pit mine.
[0026] In some embodiments, the interchange transportation system includes an intelligent transportation management module that analyzes and collects vehicle traffic data and predicts vehicle flow in future time periods based on historical traffic data.
[0027] In some embodiments, based on the steepness of the slope and the height data, the vehicle speed limit and the maximum vehicle load are determined, and a vehicle dispatch model is established;
[0028] Based on the established vehicle scheduling model, the vehicle scheduling plan is calculated, including vehicle travel sequence, time interval and path planning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an overpass transportation system for an open-pit mine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0030] Reference numerals:
[0031] 1-interchange transportation system, 11-upper level transportation channel, 12-lower level transportation channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
[0033] The open-pit mine three-dimensional transportation method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0034] The open-pit mine three-dimensional transportation method of the embodiment of the present invention comprises: constructing an overpass transportation system 1, such as an overpass, between the mining area and the spoil dump of the open-pit mine. At least two independent transportation channels are arranged on the overpass transportation system 1, one of which is used for passing large open-pit coal transport vehicles such as 789 and 730E, and the other is used for passing stripping spoil vehicles.
[0035] Optionally, the interchange transport system 1 includes upper and lower transport passages, the upper transport passage 11 is used for passing stripping and dumping vehicles, and the lower transport passage 12 is used for passing raw coal transport vehicles. Isolation measures are adopted between the upper and lower transport passages to ensure safe passage of vehicles and avoid mixed traffic.
[0036] Therefore, the physical isolation of the raw coal transportation system and the stripping transportation system is achieved through the overpass transportation system 1, thereby solving the intersection problem between the two, ensuring that vehicles of different tonnages travel on their respective lanes, and avoiding safety hazards caused by mixed traffic.
[0037] It should be noted that the main structure of the interchange transport system 1 can bear the weight of large coal transport vehicles and stripping and dumping vehicles; the design of the interchange transport system 1 takes into account the changes in the terrain conditions of the open-pit mine and can adapt to different geological environments; the transportation channel design of the interchange transport system 1 can meet the needs of vehicle traffic safety and operation efficiency.
[0038] Based on this, the construction of Interchange Transport System 1 complies with the non-highway standard design and is designed and constructed according to the maximum gross weight and maximum axle weight of vehicles actually used in the open-pit mine. The construction of Interchange Transport System 1 can significantly reduce the transportation distance of stripping materials, reduce operating costs, and improve the economic benefits of the open-pit mine. The construction of Interchange Transport System 1 can effectively alleviate the traffic pressure caused by the large traffic volume on the North Side and improve the efficiency of production organization and management. The construction of Interchange Transport System 1 can improve the safety performance of the open-pit mine transportation system and reduce safety accidents caused by mixed traffic of vehicles.
[0039] Among them, the construction steps of interchange transportation system 1 include:
[0040] The terrain between the open pit and the spoil dump is surveyed and mapped to determine the appropriate location and design parameters of the interchange transportation system 1.
[0041] Carry out foundation construction at the determined location, including but not limited to digging foundation pits, pouring concrete foundations or setting up foundation reinforcement measures.
[0042] The main structure, including piers, bridge decks and other major components, is assembled or prefabricated on site according to design parameters.
[0043] Use lifting equipment to install the prefabricated or assembled main structure onto the foundation and fix it.
[0044] The connection parts between the interchange transportation system 1 and the south and north walls of the open-pit mine are constructed so that vehicles in the open-pit mine can smoothly transfer to the interchange transportation system 1.
[0045] Optionally, the main structure of the interchange transportation system 1 adopts a modular design to facilitate installation, disassembly and movement to adapt to changes in transportation routes during open-pit mine production.
[0046] The main upper structure is assembled from truss pieces or steel plates and can carry heavy-loaded vehicles of 90 tons; the main lower structure uses support columns and foundations connected by flanges, which can adapt to the changeable and complex geological conditions of the mine.
[0047] The steel structure can adapt to various terrain conditions across the road longitudinally and to traffic needs laterally, such as single lane, multiple lanes, and it can also increase or even reduce lanes. It can adapt to the terrain without having to design a variety of structures specifically for the terrain.
[0048] The steel structure has good overall stability, and the structure of the components itself has the characteristics of a unit structure, making the structure safe and reliable. The steel structure is also easy to construct on site, designed according to the leading concept of prefabrication and processing, easy to process, and uses general steel structure processing technology and processes; easy to transport, no extra-large and extra-wide components, and general transportation vehicles can be used; easy to install, no need for equipment not commonly used in mines such as laying machines, and can be installed using general cranes.
[0049] In some embodiments, temporary supports are used during the construction of the main structure of the interchange transportation system 1 to ensure construction safety. In addition, after the main structure of the interchange transportation system 1 is completed, quality inspection and acceptance are carried out to ensure the bearing capacity and stability of the main structure.
[0050] In some embodiments, the construction of the connection between the interchange transportation system 1 and the south and north walls of the open-pit mine includes setting up transition ramps and connecting passages to ensure that vehicles can smoothly transition to the interchange transportation system 1 .
[0051] Among them, the construction methods of transition ramps and connecting passages include:
[0052] The ramp foundations were excavated on the south and north sides respectively and reinforced according to the design requirements.
[0053] Laying the ramp structure on the foundation, including but not limited to the use of steel, concrete or other suitable building materials.
[0054] A connector is provided between the ramp structure and the main structure of the interchange transportation system 1 to ensure the overall stability and bearing capacity of the structure;
[0055] Transition ramps and connecting walkways are surface treated, such as with asphalt or concrete, to provide a smooth vehicle driving surface.
[0056] Furthermore, according to the topographic and geological conditions of the south and north walls of the open-pit mine, a suitable connection structure is designed, and the possible adjustment and movement during the future production of the open-pit mine is considered in the design of the connection structure to ensure the flexibility of the connection structure. In addition, during the construction of the connection structure, the same high standards and quality requirements as the main structure of the overpass are adopted to ensure the coordination and safety of the overall structure.
[0057] In some embodiments, the type and number of vehicles passing through the open-pit mine are set according to the height and slope of the connection part between the interchange transportation system 1 and the south wall and the north wall of the open-pit mine.
[0058] Optionally, the interchange transportation system 1 includes an intelligent transportation management module to analyze and collect vehicle traffic data. Through an intelligent dispatching algorithm, the peak hours are predicted based on vehicle traffic data, and vehicles are dispatched reasonably to avoid excessive vehicles during peak hours. The dispatching center monitors vehicle traffic in real time to reduce waiting and mixed traffic, thereby improving transportation efficiency. Intelligent management reduces human errors and improves transportation safety.
[0059] Among them, the intelligent scheduling algorithm includes but is not limited to: predicting vehicle flow in future time periods based on historical traffic data; adjusting vehicle traffic plans and scheduling strategies according to prediction results; realizing real-time vehicle scheduling and optimizing vehicle routes and driving speeds.
[0060] The dispatch center includes but is not limited to: real-time monitoring of vehicle location and status; receiving and processing vehicle passage requests; allocating passage rights and passage time periods based on passage requests and dispatch strategies; and providing real-time traffic information and dispatch instructions to drivers and vehicles.
[0061] As a result, intelligent transportation management is integrated with open-pit mine production management to achieve coordination and optimization of the transportation process and the production process. Through data analysis, human errors can be identified and prevented, improving the reliability and safety of the transportation process.
[0062] In some embodiments, based on the steepness of the slope and the height data, the vehicle speed limit and the maximum vehicle load are determined, and a vehicle dispatch model is established. Based on the established vehicle dispatch model, a vehicle dispatch plan is calculated, including the vehicle traffic sequence, time interval, and path planning. Through the intelligent dispatch center, the vehicle traffic situation is monitored in real time, and the vehicle dispatch plan is adjusted according to the actual situation.
[0063] Among them, the vehicle scheduling model takes into account the following factors:
[0064] Vehicle type, including but not limited to coal trucks, stripping trucks, etc.;
[0065] Vehicle load, which limits the maximum load of the vehicle according to the steepness of the slope and the height;
[0066] Speed limit: set different speed limits according to slope and height to ensure safe passage;
[0067] The number of vehicles can be limited based on slope and height to avoid traffic congestion.
[0068] Vehicle dispatch solutions include but are not limited to:
[0069] Priority order: determine the priority of different vehicles according to vehicle type and load;
[0070] Time interval control: according to the slope and height, set the minimum time interval between different vehicles to ensure safe passage;
[0071] Path planning: plans the optimal route for vehicles based on slope and height to reduce energy consumption and extend vehicle service life.
[0072] Therefore, the intelligent dispatch center monitors vehicle traffic conditions in real time, including but not limited to location, speed, load and other data, and makes real-time adjustments to vehicle dispatch plans to respond to emergencies and changing needs.
[0073] The vehicle dispatching strategy can automatically adjust the vehicle traffic type, load limit and speed according to the connection points of different heights and slopes to ensure the safety and efficiency of the transportation process. The vehicle dispatching strategy can continuously optimize the dispatching plan, improve transportation efficiency and reduce transportation costs through big data analysis and artificial intelligence technology.
[0074] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
[0075] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
[0076] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0077] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.
[0078] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.
[0079] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A three-dimensional transportation method for open-pit mines, characterized in that: include: Construction of an interchange transportation system between the open-pit mine's stope and spoil dump; Mapping the terrain between the open pit and the spoil dump of the open pit mine to determine the appropriate location and design parameters of the interchange transportation system; Carry out foundation construction at the determined location, including but not limited to digging foundation pits, pouring concrete foundations or setting up foundation reinforcement measures; According to the design parameters, the main structure is assembled or prefabricated on site, and the prefabricated or assembled main structure is installed on the foundation using lifting equipment and fixed; The connection parts of the interchange transportation system and the south wall and the north wall of the open-pit mine are connected to each other to enable vehicles in the open-pit mine to smoothly transfer to the interchange transportation system; At least two independent transport channels are arranged on the interchange transport system, one of which is used for passing open-pit mine coal transport vehicles, and the other is used for passing stripping and earth removal vehicles.
2. The open-pit mine three-dimensional transportation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The interchange transport system comprises upper and lower transport passages, wherein the upper transport passage is used for passing stripping and earth removal vehicles, and the lower transport passage is used for passing raw coal transport vehicles.
3. The open-pit mine three-dimensional transportation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main structure of the interchange transportation system adopts modular design.
4. The open-pit mine three-dimensional transportation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Temporary supports are used during the construction of the main structure of the interchange transportation system.
5. The open-pit mine three-dimensional transportation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the main structure construction of the interchange transportation system is completed, quality inspection and acceptance are carried out.
6. The open-pit mine three-dimensional transportation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The construction of the connection part between the interchange transportation system and the south wall and the north wall of the open-pit mine includes setting up a transition ramp and a connecting passage.
7. The open-pit mine three-dimensional transportation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The construction method of the transition ramp and the connecting passage includes: Dig the ramp foundation on the south and north sides respectively, and reinforce them according to the design requirements; Laying a ramp structure on the foundation, and providing a connecting piece between the ramp structure and the main structure of the interchange transportation system; Surface treatment of transition ramps and connecting channels.
8. The open-pit mine three-dimensional transportation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The type and number of vehicles passing through the open-pit mine are set according to the height and slope of the connection part between the interchange transportation system and the south wall and the north wall of the open-pit mine.
9. The open-pit mine three-dimensional transportation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The interchange transportation system includes an intelligent transportation management module, which analyzes and collects vehicle traffic data and predicts vehicle flow in future time periods based on historical traffic data.
10. The open-pit mine three-dimensional transportation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: According to the steepness of the slope and the height data, the vehicle speed limit and the maximum vehicle load are determined, and a vehicle dispatch model is established; Based on the established vehicle scheduling model, the vehicle scheduling plan is calculated, including vehicle travel sequence, time interval and path planning.