Automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis method for roadway section

Abstract

The invention provides a roadway section automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis method, which comprises the following steps of: determining a roadway section monitoring area, laser range finders are installed on at least one of a top plate and a bottom plate of a roadway and at least one of a left side and a right side of the roadway, laser reflection strips are installed at the positions, corresponding to detection outlets of the laser range finders, of the wall face of the roadway, and the laser range finders are used for detecting distance information and angle information before and after deformation of the section of the roadway. And calculating and judging the roadway section deformation degree according to the detection information, and repairing the roadway according to the roadway section deformation degree. The roadway section automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis method has the advantages of accurate data measurement and high working efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine safety monitoring, and in particular to a method for automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of mining technology, the demand for automatic collection, transmission and analysis of tunnel cross-sectional dimensions is increasing. The change of tunnel cross-sectional dimensions can provide indirect feedback on the stress characteristics of tunnel surrounding rock and support effect.

[0003] In the related technologies, the tunnel section collection methods mainly include manual measurement and unidirectional laser measurement methods. The former adopts the "cross method", which requires a lot of manpower and has problems such as low measurement accuracy, low efficiency, and large workload; the latter can only monitor the deformation data between the top and bottom plates of the tunnel and between the left and right sides, but cannot determine which side of the top and bottom plates or the two sides of the tunnel section is deformed. Observers are needed to go to the deformation area to confirm the deformed side in the later stage. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections, which has accurate data measurement and high work efficiency.

[0005] The method for automatically collecting, transmitting and analyzing tunnel sections according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Determine the tunnel section monitoring area;

[0007] S2, installing a laser rangefinder on at least one of the top plate and the bottom plate of the tunnel and at least one of the left side and the right side of the tunnel;

[0008] S3, installing a laser reflective strip at a position corresponding to the tunnel wall and the detection exit of the laser rangefinder;

[0009] S4, a laser rangefinder on one wall of the tunnel emits a laser to a laser reflection bar on another adjacent wall, measures and collects the distance a between the laser rangefinder and the laser reflection bar, the angle between the wall where the laser rangefinder is located and the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder to the laser reflection bar is α, and calculates the relative position a cosα of the laser reflection bar relative to the laser rangefinder;

[0010] S5. Within a unit time, measure and collect the distance Δa between the laser rangefinder and the laser reflection strip again. The angle between the wall where the laser rangefinder is located and the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder to the laser reflection strip is Δα. Calculate Δa cosΔα.

[0011] S6. Calculate (a cosα-Δa cosΔα) / a cosα and determine the degree of deformation of the tunnel section;

[0012] S7. Repair the tunnel according to the degree of deformation of the tunnel section.

[0013] The automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis method of the tunnel section of the embodiment of the present invention uses a laser rangefinder to monitor the multiple easily deformed positions of the tunnel section, and calculates the deformation degree of the tunnel section in different time periods based on the monitored data. Among them, the specific position where the tunnel section is deformed is determined based on the monitoring angle and distance changes. Therefore, the automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis method of the tunnel section of the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of accurate measurement and high work efficiency.

[0014] In some embodiments, the laser rangefinder includes a mounting rod and a detection portion, the detection portion is connected to one end of the mounting rod, and the other end of the mounting rod is used to be inserted into the rock formation of the tunnel, and the detection portion is provided with a plurality of laser emission ports, and the plurality of laser emission ports are divided into a first emission port and a second emission port, the first emission ports are arranged relatively to each other in the width direction of the detection portion, the second emission port is located at one end of the detection portion away from the mounting rod, and an extension direction of the second emission port has an angle with an extension direction of the mounting rod.

[0015] In some embodiments, in step S1:

[0016] A plurality of monitoring areas are arranged at intervals according to the extension direction of the lane, and the distance between two adjacent monitoring areas is greater than or equal to 40 meters and less than or equal to 60 meters.

[0017] In some embodiments, in step S3:

[0018] Laser reflective strips are set at the locations where deformation needs to be monitored on the tunnel roof, floor, left side and right side, and laser rangefinders are arranged on the tunnel roof, floor, left side and right side. According to the distance between the laser rangefinder and the laser reflective strip and the laser emission angle of the laser rangefinder, the collection distances are a1, a2, a3…a n , the emission angles are α1, α2, α3…α n , the distances after deformation are Δa1, Δa2, Δa3…Δa n , the emission angles after deformation are Δα1, Δα2, Δα3…Δα n , the deformation amounts are Δa1cosΔα1, Δa2cosΔα2, Δa3cosΔα3…Δa n cosΔα n .

[0019] In some embodiments, in step S4 and step S5, data collection is performed by taking an average value of multiple measurements.

[0020] In some embodiments, in step S6:

[0021] A warning range is set, and the calculation result is compared with the warning range. When the calculation result exceeds the minimum value of the warning range, a warning signal is issued, and the warning signal includes at least one of sound, light and vibration.

[0022] In some embodiments, the warning range includes: 0<(a cos α-Δa cos Δα) / a cos α≤10% as the third-level threshold, 10%<(a cos α-Δa cos Δα) / a cos α≤15% as the second-level threshold and 15%<(a cos α-Δa cos Δα) / a cos α≤20% as the first-level threshold, wherein the maximum value of multiple (a cos α-Δa cos Δα) / a cos α calculation results is selected for comparison.

[0023] In some embodiments, the calculation result is within the third level threshold, and a green warning light is used for warning;

[0024] When the calculation result is within the second-level threshold, a yellow warning light is used for warning;

[0025] If the calculation result is within the first-level threshold, a red warning light is used for warning.

[0026] In some embodiments, if the calculation result is within the third-level threshold, the tunnel is overall stable;

[0027] If the calculation result is within the second-level threshold, it is necessary to monitor the force of the anchor cable and evaluate the integrity level of the surrounding rock, and reinforce the surrounding rock of the tunnel;

[0028] If the calculation result is within the first-level threshold, it is necessary to conduct an overall evaluation of the tunnel surrounding rock and stress, and to carry out repair, support, reinforcement and pressure relief operations on the tunnel.

[0029] In some embodiments, the method for automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections of the embodiment of the present invention further includes the following steps:

[0030] S8. A switch and a monitoring substation are set in the tunnel, wherein there are multiple switches, one switch is electrically connected to multiple laser rangefinders, the monitoring substation is electrically connected to the switch, and the monitoring substation is connected to a ground control room, the monitoring substation is used to transmit the collected information to the ground control room, and the ground control room is used to analyze the collected information and issue a warning signal according to the analysis results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the use status of the method for automatic collection, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser rangefinder used in the method for automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 100. Surrounding rock,

[0035] 1. Laser rangefinder, 11. Mounting rod, 12. Detection unit, 121. First launch port, 122. Second launch port,

[0036] 2. Laser reflective strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the method for automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0039] S1. Determine the monitoring area of ​​the tunnel section. It is understandable that, according to the tunnel structure itself, the area in the tunnel that is prone to settlement, deformation, displacement and uplift is selected as the monitoring area to effectively predict and prevent the occurrence of tunnel safety accidents.

[0040] Optionally, multiple monitoring areas are set at intervals according to the extension direction of the tunnel, and the distance between two adjacent monitoring areas is greater than or equal to 40 meters and less than or equal to 60 meters. If the tunnel is a special geological structure area, the distance is not greater than 25 meters. Among them, the special geological structures in coal mine tunnels mainly include fold geological structures (such as coal seam roof flexure structures, anticlines and synclines), fault geological structures, magma intrusions, karst collapse columns and erosion.

[0041] S2. Install a laser rangefinder 1 on at least one of the top plate and the bottom plate of the tunnel and at least one of the left side and the right side of the tunnel. It is understandable that the top plate of the tunnel is prone to settlement and deformation, the bottom plate of the tunnel is prone to bulge or settlement, and the left and right sides of the tunnel are prone to displacement and deformation. Among them, the middle of the top plate, the bottom plate and the left and right sides of the tunnel are the most prone to deformation. Therefore, when using the laser rangefinder 1, the laser emission outlet should be directed to the above-mentioned positions to facilitate timely and accurate monitoring of the tunnel section.

[0042] Preferably, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a laser rangefinder 1 is installed in the middle of the tunnel roof and the middle of the right side of the tunnel, and the laser rangefinder 1 is used to emit laser for distance measurement to the adjacent top corner or bottom corner and the middle position of the tunnel wall. With a small number of devices, all-round monitoring of the tunnel section is achieved to ensure the monitoring effect.

[0043] S3, install a laser reflection strip at the corresponding position between the tunnel wall and the detection exit of the laser rangefinder 1. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, laser reflection strips are installed on the top plate, bottom plate and the middle positions of the left and right sides of the tunnel, and laser reflection strips are installed at the left and right top corners and the lower right bottom corner of the tunnel to ensure that the laser of the laser rangefinder 1 is irradiated on the laser reflection strip.

[0044] In some embodiments, in step S3: laser reflection strips 2 are set at the locations where deformation needs to be monitored on the top plate, bottom plate, left side and right side of the tunnel, and laser rangefinders 1 are arranged on the top plate, bottom plate, left side and right side of the tunnel. According to the distance between the laser rangefinder 1 and the laser reflection strip 2 and the laser emission angle of the laser rangefinder 1, the collection distances are a1, a2, a3…a n , the emission angles are α1, α2, α3…α n , the distances after deformation are Δa1, Δa2, Δa3…Δa n , the emission angles after deformation are Δα1, Δα2, Δα3…Δα n , the deformation amounts are Δa1cosΔα1, Δa2cosΔα2, Δa3cosΔα3…Δa n cosΔα n .

[0045] It can be understood that the deformation amount in the middle of the tunnel roof, bottom plate, left side and right side is more prominent, so laser reflection strips 2 can be set in the middle of the tunnel roof, bottom plate, left side and right side. Laser rangefinders 1 are set in the middle of the tunnel roof, bottom plate, left side and right side, so that the laser rangefinder 1 can detect and record the corresponding distance information and angle information through the feedback information irradiated on the corresponding laser reflection strips 2, so as to calculate the deformation amount of the monitored deformation position respectively.

[0046] In some embodiments, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the laser rangefinder 1 includes a mounting rod 11 and a detection part 12, the detection part 12 is connected to one end of the mounting rod 11, and the other end of the mounting rod 11 is used to be inserted into the rock formation of the tunnel, and a plurality of laser emission ports are provided on the detection part 12, and the plurality of laser emission ports are divided into a first emission port 121 and a second emission port 122, the first emission port 121 is arranged opposite to each other in the width direction of the detection part 12, and the second emission port 122 is located at one end of the detection part 12 away from the mounting rod 11, and an extension direction of the second emission port 122 forms an angle with an extension direction of the mounting rod 11.

[0047] It is understandable that one laser rangefinder 1 can emit four laser beams to the outside. Take the laser rangefinder 1 on the tunnel roof as an example: the mounting rod 11 is used to be installed on a stable rock layer (such as a dense sandstone layer) in the tunnel, and ensure that the mounting rod 11 is located at the center of the tunnel roof to ensure the stability of the laser rangefinder 1 itself and to quickly monitor data changes when deformation occurs in the tunnel section.

[0048] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, there are two first emission ports 121 on the detection part 12, and the two first emission ports 121 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the detection part 12. The laser rangefinder 1 located on the top plate of the tunnel can use the first emission ports 121 to emit lasers to the left and right corners of the tunnel, so as to obtain the distances between the laser rangefinder 1 on the top plate of the tunnel and the left and right corners respectively. There are two second emission ports 122, and the second emission ports 122 are arranged obliquely, so that the lasers emitted from the second emission ports 122 can respectively irradiate the laser reflection bars 2 on the left and right sides of the tunnel, and then obtain the distances between the laser rangefinder 1 and the middle of the left and right sides respectively.

[0049] S4. The laser rangefinder 1 on one of the tunnel walls emits a laser to a laser reflection bar on another adjacent wall, measures and collects the distance a between the laser rangefinder 1 and the laser reflection bar, the angle between the wall where the laser rangefinder 1 is located and the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder 1 to the laser reflection bar is a, and calculates the relative position acosα of the laser reflection bar relative to the laser rangefinder 1. It should be noted that the laser rangefinder 1 is a multifunctional measuring instrument, that is, the laser rangefinder 1 has a built-in tilt sensor to measure the tilt angle of the instrument itself. By comparing the direction of the laser and the tilt angle of the instrument, the angle of the target can be calculated.

[0050] It is understandable that if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, taking the laser rangefinder 1 on the tunnel roof as an example: the laser rangefinder 1 emits a laser toward the middle of the left side of the tunnel, and the distance between the laser rangefinder 1 and the laser reflection bar 2 in the middle of the left side of the tunnel is measured as a, and the angle α between the tunnel roof and the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder 1 toward the middle of the left side is measured, thereby a cosα can be calculated.

[0051] It should be noted that if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, if the left top corner of the tunnel roof is deformed, the laser distance emitted by the laser rangefinder 1 toward the left top corner will change; if the middle of the left side of the tunnel is deformed, the length of a will change; if the middle of the tunnel roof is deformed, the angle of a changes, and the length of a may change; if both the tunnel roof and the middle of the left side change, the angle α changes, and the length of a also changes. Therefore, the tunnel section automatic collection, transmission and analysis method of the embodiment of the present invention can not only realize the monitoring of deformation data between the tunnel roof and bottom plates and between the left and right sides, but also accurately determine which specific part of the tunnel section is deformed, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement data and improving work efficiency.

[0052] S5. Within a unit time, measure and collect the distance Δa between the laser rangefinder 1 and the laser reflection strip again. The angle between the wall where the laser rangefinder 1 is located and the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder 1 to the laser reflection strip is Δα. Calculate ΔacosΔα.

[0053] It is understandable that after the tunnel section is deformed, the data after deformation, namely Δa, cosΔα and Δa cosΔα, are recorded, so as to judge the deformation degree of the tunnel section according to the data before and after deformation.

[0054] Preferably, in step S4 and step S5, data collection is performed by taking an average value of multiple measurements.

[0055] It should be noted that Figure 1 Taking two laser rangefinders 1 as an example, the distance between the laser rangefinder 1 on the top of the tunnel and the laser reflection bar 2 in the middle of the right side of the tunnel is b, and correspondingly, the angle between the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder 1 on the top of the tunnel to the middle of the right side of the tunnel and the top of the tunnel is β; the distance between the laser rangefinder 1 in the middle of the right side of the tunnel and the laser reflection bar 2 (not shown in the figure) in the middle of the right side of the tunnel is c, and correspondingly, the angle between the laser rangefinder 1 in the middle of the right side of the tunnel to the middle of the top of the tunnel and the wall of the right side of the tunnel is γ; the distance between the laser rangefinder 1 in the middle of the right side of the tunnel and the laser reflection bar 2 in the middle of the bottom plate of the tunnel is d, and correspondingly, the angle between the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder 1 in the middle of the right side of the tunnel to the middle of the bottom plate of the tunnel and the wall of the right side of the tunnel is That is to say, the two laser rangefinders 1 can detect the deformation degree at multiple locations of the tunnel cross section.

[0056] Therefore, the tunnel section can be monitored by setting up multiple laser rangefinders 1 to improve the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the monitoring data.

[0057] S6. Calculate (a cosα-Δa cosΔα) / a cosα and determine the degree of deformation of the tunnel section.

[0058] In some embodiments, in step S6: a warning range is set, and the calculation result is compared with the warning range. When the calculation result exceeds the minimum value of the warning range, a warning signal is issued, and the warning signal includes at least one of sound, light and vibration.

[0059] It is understandable that, based on the comparison between the calculation result and the preset warning range, different types of warning signals can be issued, or multiple forms of one warning signal can be used for hierarchical warning.

[0060] In some embodiments, the warning range includes: 0<(a xosα-Δa cosΔα) / a cosα≤10% as the third-level threshold, 10%<(a xosα-Δa cosΔα) / a cosα≤15% as the second-level threshold and 15%<(a xosα-Δa cosΔα) / a cosα≤20% as the first-level threshold, wherein the maximum value of multiple (a xosα-Δa cosΔα) / a cosα calculation results is selected for comparison.

[0061] It can be understood that selecting the maximum value in the calculation results for comparison includes: (a xosα-Δa cosΔα) / a cosα, (a xosα-Δa cosΔα) / a cosα, (c cosγ-Δc cosΔγ) / c cosγ, In other words, the maximum value in the above calculation results is the position with the largest deformation in the tunnel section. The degree of danger of the tunnel section after deformation is judged according to the maximum deformation, so as to warn the tunnel construction personnel and ensure their personal safety.

[0062] In some embodiments, when the calculation result is at the third level threshold, a green warning light is used for warning; when the calculation result is at the second level threshold, a yellow warning light is used for warning; when the calculation result is at the first level threshold, a red warning light is used for warning. In other words, a corresponding warning is given according to the deformation degree of the tunnel section, that is, a corresponding warning can be given according to the deformation situation, so as to more intuitively remind the tunnel staff of the deformation situation of the tunnel section.

[0063] S7. Repair the tunnel according to the degree of deformation of the tunnel section.

[0064] In some embodiments, if the calculation result is at the third threshold, the tunnel is stable as a whole; if the calculation result is at the second threshold, it is necessary to monitor the stress of the anchor cable and evaluate the integrity level of the surrounding rock 100, and reinforce the tunnel surrounding rock 100; if the calculation result is at the first threshold, it is necessary to conduct an overall evaluation of the tunnel surrounding rock 100 and stress, and repair, support and reinforce the tunnel as well as relieve pressure.

[0065] It can be understood that when the deformation of the tunnel section is at the third threshold, it indicates that the overall structure of the tunnel is stable and the deformation at the deformation position is small; when the deformation of the tunnel section is at the second threshold, it indicates that the deformation at the deformation position of the tunnel section is large. According to the deformation situation, the tunnel surrounding rock 100 can be reinforced if necessary, and the reinforcement method can be anchor reinforcement, etc.; when the deformation of the tunnel section is at the first threshold, it indicates that the deformation at the deformation position of the tunnel section is large, then it is necessary to conduct detailed survey and inspection of the tunnel surrounding rock 100 and the stress conditions, and carry out targeted repair, support and grouting reinforcement of the tunnel. If it is found that the local stress at the deformation position of the tunnel is large, hydraulic fracturing can be used to relieve the pressure.

[0066] In some embodiments, the method for automatic collection, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections of an embodiment of the present invention also includes the following steps: S8, setting up a switch and a monitoring substation in the tunnel, there are multiple switches, one switch is electrically connected to multiple laser rangefinders 1, the monitoring substation is electrically connected to the switch, and the monitoring substation is connected to the ground control room, the monitoring substation is used to transmit the collected information to the ground control room, the ground control room is used to analyze the collected information and issue a warning signal based on the analysis results.

[0067] It is understandable that the automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis method of the tunnel section of the embodiment of the present invention collects the situation in the tunnel in real time, including information such as distance, angle, environmental changes, etc., and transmits it to the ground control room in time so as to respond in time. In addition, all monitoring data are collected in the ground control room, which is convenient for centralized management and analysis and improves management efficiency. Therefore, through real-time monitoring, abnormal conditions in the tunnel, such as deformation, collapse and other dangers, can be discovered in time, so as to issue warning signals in time to ensure the safety of the staff.

[0068] That is to say, the tunnel section automatic collection, transmission and analysis method of the embodiment of the present invention uses the laser rangefinder 1 to monitor the multiple easily deformed positions of the tunnel section, and calculates the deformation degree of the tunnel section in different time periods based on the monitored data. Among them, the specific position where the tunnel section is deformed is determined according to the monitoring angle and distance change. Therefore, the tunnel section automatic collection, transmission and analysis method of the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of accurate measurement and high work efficiency.

[0069] It should be noted that the automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis method of the tunnel section of the embodiment of the present invention can also be applied to other locations in the mine. In the development of the main tunnel, the laser rangefinder 1 is installed on any side of the safety coal pillar, such as the coal pillar on the side of the goaf in the main tunnel of the mining area, so as to prevent the surrounding rock 100 of the coal pillar from being relatively broken, and the displacement of the installation rod 11, which causes the laser rangefinder 1 to be unstable and the measurement data to be inaccurate. Therefore, the installation rod 11 is reinforced by grouting on the side of the coal pillar. Preferably, the grouting depth is 1 / 3 of the width of the coal pillar on the side of the tunnel, and the grouting reinforcement length is 1 meter around the installation rod 11. It can be understood that the grouting reinforcement area should not be too large to ensure that the laser rangefinder 1 does not move as much as possible.

[0070] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0071] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0072] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0073] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0074] In the present invention, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0075] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Determine the tunnel section monitoring area; S2, installing a laser rangefinder on at least one of the top plate and the bottom plate of the tunnel and at least one of the left side and the right side of the tunnel; S3, installing a laser reflective strip at a position corresponding to the tunnel wall and the detection exit of the laser rangefinder; S4, a laser rangefinder on one wall of the tunnel emits a laser to a laser reflection bar on another adjacent wall, measures and collects the distance a between the laser rangefinder and the laser reflection bar, the angle between the wall where the laser rangefinder is located and the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder to the laser reflection bar is α, and calculates the relative position acosα of the laser reflection bar relative to the laser rangefinder; S5, within a unit time, measure and collect the distance Δa between the laser rangefinder and the laser reflection strip again, the angle between the wall where the laser rangefinder is located and the laser emitted by the laser rangefinder to the laser reflection strip is Δα, and calculate ΔacosΔα; S6. Calculate (acosα-ΔacosΔα) / acosα and determine the degree of deformation of the tunnel section; S7. Repair the tunnel according to the degree of deformation of the tunnel section.

2. The method for automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The laser rangefinder includes a mounting rod and a detection part, wherein the detection part is connected to one end of the mounting rod, and the other end of the mounting rod is used to be inserted into the rock formation of the tunnel. The detection part is provided with a plurality of laser emission ports, and the plurality of laser emission ports are divided into a first emission port and a second emission port. The first emission ports are arranged relatively to each other in the width direction of the detection part, and the second emission port is located at one end of the detection part away from the mounting rod, and an angle is formed between an extension direction of the second emission port and an extension direction of the mounting rod.

3. The method for automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step S1: Multiple monitoring areas are set at intervals according to the extension direction of the lane, and the distance between two adjacent monitoring areas is greater than or equal to 40 meters and less than or equal to 60 meters. If the lane is a special address structure area, the distance is not greater than 25m.

4. The method for automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In step S3: Laser reflective strips are set at the locations where deformation needs to be monitored on the tunnel roof, floor, left side and right side, and laser rangefinders are arranged on the tunnel roof, floor, left side and right side. According to the distance between the laser rangefinder and the laser reflective strip and the laser emission angle of the laser rangefinder, the collection distances are a1, a2, a3…a n , the emission angles are α1, α2, α3…α n , the distances after deformation are Δa1, Δa2, Δa3…Δa n , the emission angles after deformation are Δα1, Δα2, Δα3…Δα n , the deformation amounts are Δa1cosΔα1, Δa2coSΔα2, Δa3cosΔα3…Δa n cosΔα n .

5. The method for automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S4 and step S5, data collection is performed by taking an average value from multiple measurements.

6. The method for automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S6: A warning range is set, and the calculation result is compared with the warning range. When the calculation result exceeds the minimum value of the warning range, a warning signal is issued, and the warning signal includes at least one of sound, light and vibration.

7. The method for automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The warning range includes: 0<(acosα-ΔacosΔα) / acosα≤10% as the third-level threshold, 10%<(acosα-ΔacosΔα) / acosα≤15% as the second-level threshold and 15%<(αcosα-ΔacosΔα) / αcosa≤20% as the first-level threshold, among which the maximum value of multiple (acosα-ΔacosΔα) / acosα calculation results is selected for comparison.

8. The method for automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections according to claim 7 is characterized in that: When the calculation result is at the third level threshold, a green warning light is used for warning; When the calculation result is within the second-level threshold, a yellow warning light is used for warning; If the calculation result is within the first-level threshold, a red warning light is used for warning.

9. The method for automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections according to claim 8, characterized in that: If the calculation result is within the third-level threshold, the tunnel is stable as a whole; If the calculation result is within the second-level threshold, it is necessary to monitor the force of the anchor cable and evaluate the integrity level of the surrounding rock, and reinforce the surrounding rock of the tunnel; If the calculation result is within the first-level threshold, it is necessary to conduct an overall evaluation of the tunnel surrounding rock and stress, and to repair, support, reinforce and relieve pressure on the tunnel.

10. The method for automatic acquisition, transmission and analysis of tunnel sections according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: S8. A switch and a monitoring substation are set in the tunnel, wherein there are multiple switches, one switch is electrically connected to multiple laser rangefinders, the monitoring substation is electrically connected to the switch, and the monitoring substation is connected to a ground control room, the monitoring substation is used to transmit the collected information to the ground control room, and the ground control room is used to analyze the collected information and issue a warning signal according to the analysis results.

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