Experimental method and device for corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding material and service life evaluation method

Abstract

According to the experimental method and device for corrosion of the copper-clad steel grounding material and the service life evaluation method provided by the invention, the corrosion process of the copper-clad steel grounding material is accelerated by adding a mixture of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia gas in a specific proportion into the soil leachate, corrosion close to an actual environment is simulated, and the service life of the copper-clad steel grounding material is evaluated. The consistency of a corrosion product generated under an experimental condition and a corrosion product generated in a natural environment is ensured, the simulation precision and efficiency of the corrosion behavior of the copper-clad steel grounding material in a laboratory are improved, accurate corrosion data are quickly obtained, and a scientific basis is provided for design, material selection and maintenance of the grounding material; according to the experimental method for corrosion of the copper-clad steel grounding material, corrosion acceleration is carried out by adding mixed gas of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia gas into soil leachate, and the experimental method comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing experimental materials; step 2, configuration of a gas mixing system; step 3, a corrosion experiment process; 4, analyzing a corrosion product; and 5, recording and analyzing data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of corrosion protection of metal materials, and in particular to an experimental method for corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding materials. Background Art

[0002] Copper-clad steel grounding materials have been widely used in power grid grounding systems because they have both the excellent conductivity of copper and the high mechanical strength of steel. The main function of the power grid grounding system is to provide a low-impedance path to safely conduct fault current into the ground, thereby protecting the safety of equipment and personnel. However, copper-clad steel materials are buried underground for a long time and face the corrosion threat of complex soil environments. There are many corrosion factors in the soil environment, such as pH, humidity, oxygen content, microbial activity, etc., which will have a significant impact on the corrosion rate of the material. Especially in acidic, high humidity and oxygen-rich environments, the corrosion problem of copper-clad steel materials is particularly serious.

[0003] In order to evaluate the durability of grounding materials in different soil environments, traditional corrosion testing methods usually rely on long-term natural corrosion experiments. These experiments require that the materials be exposed to the natural environment for months or even years before reliable corrosion data can be obtained. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also often fails to meet the needs of rapid evaluation in practical applications. Therefore, the fields of materials science and power system maintenance have put forward an urgent need for experimental methods that can accelerate the corrosion process in order to obtain representative corrosion data in a shorter period of time.

[0004] At present, the methods used to accelerate corrosion in the laboratory mainly include increasing temperature, electrochemical accelerated corrosion and other means. These methods can shorten the experimental time to a certain extent, but they also have some obvious limitations. First, although the method of accelerating the corrosion process by increasing the temperature can observe obvious corrosion phenomena in a relatively short period of time, the increase in temperature will change the corrosion mechanism, and the corrosion products generated in the experiment are often different from those in the actual environment, resulting in the representativeness and applicability of the experimental results being questioned. Secondly, although the electrochemical accelerated corrosion method can accurately control the current and voltage during the corrosion process, its overly idealized experimental conditions also make it difficult to truly reproduce the corrosion behavior in the natural environment.

[0005] In addition, existing accelerated corrosion tests usually only focus on the increase in corrosion rate, while ignoring the formation and evolution of corrosion products. For copper-clad steel materials, the corrosion product film formed on its surface can play a protective role to a certain extent and slow down the subsequent corrosion process. However, if the corrosion products generated in the accelerated corrosion test are inconsistent with those in the natural environment, the experimental results will not be able to truly reflect the actual durability of the material, which is also a major drawback of the existing accelerated corrosion method.

[0006] Therefore, only by simulating corrosion close to the actual environment and ensuring that the corrosion products generated under experimental conditions are consistent with those in the natural environment can we truly provide a scientific basis for the design, selection and maintenance of grounding materials. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to address the technical defects of the prior art and provide an experimental method, device and life assessment method for the corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding materials. By adding a specific proportion of a mixture of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia to the soil leachate, the corrosion process of the copper-clad steel material is accelerated, and the corrosion in an environment close to the actual environment is simulated to ensure that the corrosion products generated under experimental conditions are consistent with those in the natural environment. The simulation accuracy and efficiency of the corrosion behavior of copper-clad steel grounding materials in the laboratory are improved, and accurate corrosion data can be quickly obtained, providing a scientific basis for the design, selection and maintenance of grounding materials.

[0008] The present invention provides the following technical solution: an experimental method for corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding materials, which accelerates corrosion by adding a mixed gas of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia to soil leaching solution, and comprises the following steps:

[0009] Step 1, preparation of experimental materials;

[0010] Select copper-clad steel grounding material samples with consistent specifications. Polish the surface of the samples before the experiment to remove oxides and dirt to ensure a smooth surface.

[0011] Preparation of soil leachate: select soil samples of the target corrosive environment, add a certain proportion of deionized water, mix and stir evenly, filter out the soil leachate through a filter device, and retain the dissolved substances and corrosive components therein;

[0012] Step 2, configuration of the gas mixing system;

[0013] Set the ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide according to the requirements of the target corrosion products;

[0014] Adjust the ratio of ammonia according to the pH of the soil;

[0015] Use a mass flow controller to accurately control the gas flow rate to ensure that the gas is evenly mixed and continuously passed into the corrosion experiment system;

[0016] Step 3, corrosion test process;

[0017] Immerse the copper-clad steel grounding material sample in the soil leachate, start the gas mixing system, and begin to introduce a set ratio of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia. Set the experimental temperature according to the requirements, and set the experimental time according to the requirements of the acceleration multiple;

[0018] Step 4, analysis of corrosion products;

[0019] Surface morphology observation: After the experiment, the copper-clad steel grounding material samples were taken out from the soil leaching solution, rinsed with deionized water and dried, and the morphology of corrosion products on the sample surface was observed using a scanning electron microscope. The composition of the corrosion products was analyzed using an electron spectrometer, and the composition of the corrosion products was compared with that of the samples under natural conditions.

[0020] Electrochemical performance test: The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is used to test the corroded copper-clad steel grounding material samples to evaluate the protective effect of the corrosion layer and the conductivity change;

[0021] Step 5, data recording and analysis;

[0022] Corrosion rate calculation: Calculate the corrosion rate based on the mass loss of the sample and the thickness of the corrosion product, and compare it with the data under natural corrosion conditions to obtain the acceleration ratio of the accelerated experiment;

[0023] in

[0024] Corrosion mechanism analysis: Combined with the results of surface morphology and electrochemical performance tests, the corrosion mechanism under different soil conditions is analyzed.

[0025] Preferably, the proportion of ammonia in step 2 is used to control the acceleration multiple of the corrosion rate. The concentration of ammonia is adjusted according to the acidity and alkalinity of the soil and the desired acceleration ratio. The lower the pH, the closer the ammonia concentration is to the lower limit value:

[0026] (1) In an acidic soil environment, the ammonia concentration is controlled in the range of 0.2 vol.% to 1 vol.%;

[0027] (2) In a neutral soil environment, the ammonia concentration is controlled in the range of 1 vol.% to 1.2 vol.%;

[0028] (3) In an alkaline soil environment, the ammonia concentration is controlled in the range of 1.2 vol.% to 2 vol.%.

[0029] Preferably, the ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide in step 2 is used to control the formation of the corrosion product film so that it is consistent with the corrosion products in the natural environment, wherein the ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide is controlled between 2:1 and 1:2, and is adjusted according to the type of target corrosion products and experimental requirements to ensure that the chemical composition and structure of the corrosion product film are consistent with the products formed under natural corrosion conditions.

[0030] Preferably, in step 1, the mixing ratio of the soil sample to deionized water is 1:5.

[0031] Preferably, the experimental time in step 3 is set according to the target acceleration multiple, which is 10 to 100 times the natural corrosion time, and the target acceleration multiple is determined by the ammonia concentration, wherein:

[0032] (1) If the experimental time is short, a high acceleration factor is required, which is suitable for scenarios where corrosion tendency can be quickly assessed;

[0033] (2) If the experimental time is long, a lower acceleration factor is required, which is suitable for accurately simulating long-term corrosion processes.

[0034] Preferably, the sample size of the copper-clad steel grounding material in step 1 is 100 mm×10 mm×2 mm.

[0035] The experimental device for corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding materials includes:

[0036] (1) Gas mixing system, used to accurately control the mixing ratio of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia;

[0037] (2) Corrosion test system, including temperature and humidity control system, to simulate different climatic conditions in the natural environment;

[0038] (3) Monitoring system, used to record the temperature, gas concentration, and corrosion potential during the corrosion process in real time.

[0039] Preferably, the gas mixing ratio, flow rate and test time are automatically adjusted according to the corrosion characteristics of different soil types.

[0040] The life assessment method of copper-clad steel grounding material corrosion is to establish a corrosion rate model through data analysis of experimental results, predict the corrosion life of the material in the actual environment, and formulate corresponding maintenance strategies according to different environmental conditions.

[0041] Preferably, the corrosion rate model is established based on multivariate regression analysis, combining soil type, gas ratio, temperature and humidity to predict the long-term corrosion behavior of copper-clad steel materials.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] In the above technical scheme, the present invention discloses an experimental method for the corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding materials, and proposes an innovative experimental method for accelerating corrosion. By adding a mixture of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia in a specific ratio to the soil leachate, the corrosion process of the copper-clad steel material is accelerated. Unlike the traditional method, this method not only focuses on the acceleration of the corrosion rate, but also ensures the consistency of the corrosion products generated under experimental conditions with those in the natural environment by accurately controlling the gas ratio. The addition of ammonia is mainly used to accelerate the corrosion rate, while the ratio of oxygen and carbon dioxide is used to control the composition and structure of the corrosion product film, so as to achieve a corrosion simulation closer to the actual environment.

[0044] The core advantage of this method lies in its flexibility and controllability. By adjusting the gas mixing ratio, experiments can be designed for different types of soil (such as acidic, neutral, and alkaline). For example, in acidic soil, since the corrosion rate itself is relatively fast, the concentration of ammonia can be appropriately reduced to prevent excessive acceleration of corrosion; while in alkaline soil, the concentration of ammonia can be increased to achieve the expected acceleration effect. In addition, the change in the ratio of oxygen and carbon dioxide can effectively simulate the formation process of corrosion products in the natural environment, ensuring the reliability and practical applicability of the experimental results.

[0045] Through this method, the experimental time can be significantly shortened, and accurate corrosion data can be quickly obtained, providing a scientific basis for the design, selection and maintenance of grounding materials. At the same time, this method can also be used for the development and testing of new materials, accelerating the research and development of new anti-corrosion materials. Therefore, the present invention has broad application prospects and important technical value in the field of durability assessment of grounding materials in power systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 The surface morphology of accelerated specimens and directly soil buried specimens after corrosion;

[0047] Figure 2 The surface morphologies of accelerated samples with different O2:CO2 ratios and samples directly buried in soil after corrosion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] like Figures 1-2 As shown, it shows a specific embodiment of the present invention:

[0050] Example 1: Accelerated corrosion test of copper-clad steel grounding material in acidic soil environment

[0051] 1. Preparation of Experimental Materials

[0052] Copper clad steel sample: Select copper clad steel grounding material samples with consistent specifications, with a size of 30mm×30mm×1mm. The sample should be surface polished before the experiment to remove oxides and dirt to ensure a smooth surface, and the initial weight should be accurately weighed with a 1 / 10,000 electronic balance.

[0053] Preparation of soil leachate: 1 kg of acidic red soil was taken, and the pH value was tested to be about 6. The soil was added to deionized water, mixed in a ratio of 1:5, stirred evenly, filtered, and the leachate was collected for corrosion experiments.

[0054] 2. Configuration of gas mixing system

[0055] Gas composition and ratio: A mixed gas of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia was used in the experiment. The ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide was set to 2:1 according to the requirements of the target corrosion product; the ratio of ammonia was adjusted according to the acidity and alkalinity of the soil, and the ammonia concentration was set to 0.5%.

[0056] Gas flow rate control: Use a mass flow controller to accurately control the gas flow rate to ensure that the gas is evenly mixed and continuously introduced into the corrosion experiment system. The flow rate is generally controlled at 50-100mL / min to ensure that the generation of corrosion products conforms to the laws under natural conditions.

[0057] 3. Corrosion test process

[0058] Sample immersion and gas introduction: immerse the copper-clad steel sample in the soil leachate, start the gas mixing system, and begin to introduce the set proportion of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia. Keep the experimental temperature at room temperature (25°C) or adjust the temperature according to needs. The corrosion time is 20 days. For comparison, another copper sample is directly buried in the soil for 20 days.

[0059] 4. Comparison of experimental results

[0060] Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphology of corrosion products on the sample surface. The surface morphology of the accelerated sample and the sample directly buried in soil after corrosion is shown in Figure 2. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the color of the corrosion products on the surface is similar, but the coverage of the corrosion film of the accelerated sample is significantly higher, and the film is more complete, indicating that the degree of corrosion is greater.

[0061] The composition of the corrosion products was analyzed by electron spectrometer, and the composition of the corrosion product film layer was tested. The results are shown in Table 1. Chemical composition (at.%) of corrosion products on the surface of the corrosion accelerated sample and the direct soil buried sample. It can be seen that the composition of the corrosion product film layer on the surface of the two samples is relatively close. It is inferred from the atomic ratio of each element that the corrosion products are mainly Cu2O, and a small amount of basic copper carbonate may exist.

[0062] Table 1:

[0063] Accelerated specimen Buried specimens C 4.7 2.9 O 33.8 36.2 Cu 61.5 60.9

[0064] After the surface corrosion product film was removed by pickling, the sample weight was weighed using a 1 / 10,000 electronic balance to calculate the corrosion weight loss rate. The results showed that the corrosion weight loss rate of the directly buried sample was about 0.27 mg / cm 2 The corrosion weight loss rate of the accelerated test sample is about 5.16 mg / cm 2 . The acceleration ratio is close to 20 times.

[0065] Example 2: Effect of gas ratio on corrosion products

[0066] 1. Corrosion experiment design

[0067] Sample and leachate preparation: Select copper-clad steel samples and prepare standard neutral soil leachate.

[0068] Gas ratio change: Set different ratios of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia to conduct corrosion experiments respectively. For example, the ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide is set to 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and the ammonia concentration is fixed at 1.2 vol.%.

[0069] 2. Corrosion test process

[0070] The experiment was conducted by immersing the sample in neutral soil leachate and introducing a gas mixture of a set ratio for 20 days. For comparison, another sample was directly buried in the soil for 20 days.

[0071] 3. Experimental results analysis

[0072] The surface morphology of the accelerated samples with different O2:CO2 ratios and the samples directly buried in soil after corrosion is shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 As shown. In neutral soil, the natural corrosion rate of copper is low, and only relatively slight corrosion occurs locally on the surface. The color of the corrosion product is gray-green in some areas compared to that in acidic soil conditions, indicating that the type of corrosion product may have changed. Under different O2:CO2 comparison conditions, the color of the surface film layer is also significantly different. The gray-green color of the film is more obvious when the Co2 content is higher. This shows that the ratio of gases has an effect on the composition of corrosion products.

[0073] The composition of the corrosion products was analyzed by electron spectrometer. The results are shown in Table 2 Chemical composition (at.%) of the corrosion products on the surface of accelerated samples and soil buried samples with different O2:CO2 ratios. It can be seen that the composition of the corrosion product film layer on the surface of the sample with an O2:CO2 ratio of 1:2 is similar to that of the soil buried sample. It is inferred from the atomic ratio of each element that the corrosion product is mainly a mixed corrosion product of Cu2O and Cu2(OH)2CO3.

[0074] Table 2

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] After the surface corrosion product film was removed by pickling, the sample weight was weighed using a 1 / 10,000 electronic balance to calculate the corrosion weight loss rate. The results showed that the corrosion weight loss rate of the directly buried sample was about 0.10 mg / cm 2 The corrosion weight loss rate of the accelerated test sample is about 5.38 mg / cm 2 . The acceleration ratio is about 50 times.

[0078] In summary, the present invention realizes accurate accelerated simulation of the corrosion process of copper-clad steel materials by flexibly adjusting the gas ratio, is suitable for the study of corrosion behavior under different soil conditions, and provides a scientific basis for material selection and formulation of protection strategies.

[0079] The experimental method for corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding materials disclosed in the present invention accelerates corrosion by adding a mixed gas of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia to soil leaching solution, and comprises the following steps:

[0080] Step 1, preparation of experimental materials;

[0081] Select copper-clad steel grounding material samples with consistent specifications. Polish the surface of the samples before the experiment to remove oxides and dirt to ensure a smooth surface.

[0082] Preparation of soil leachate: select soil samples of the target corrosive environment, add a certain proportion of deionized water, mix and stir evenly, filter out the soil leachate through a filter device, and retain the dissolved substances and corrosive components therein;

[0083] Step 2, configuration of the gas mixing system;

[0084] Set the ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide according to the requirements of the target corrosion products;

[0085] Adjust the ratio of ammonia according to the pH of the soil;

[0086] Use a mass flow controller to accurately control the gas flow rate to ensure that the gas is evenly mixed and continuously passed into the corrosion experiment system;

[0087] Step 3, corrosion test process;

[0088] Immerse the copper-clad steel grounding material sample in the soil leachate, start the gas mixing system, and begin to introduce a set ratio of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia. Set the experimental temperature according to the requirements, and set the experimental time according to the requirements of the acceleration multiple;

[0089] Step 4, analysis of corrosion products;

[0090] Surface morphology observation: After the experiment, the copper-clad steel grounding material samples were taken out from the soil leaching solution, rinsed with deionized water and dried, and the morphology of corrosion products on the sample surface was observed using a scanning electron microscope. The composition of the corrosion products was analyzed using an electron spectrometer, and the composition of the corrosion products was compared with that of the samples under natural conditions.

[0091] Electrochemical performance test: The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is used to test the corroded copper-clad steel grounding material samples to evaluate the protective effect of the corrosion layer and the conductivity change;

[0092] Step 5, data recording and analysis;

[0093] Corrosion rate calculation: Calculate the corrosion rate based on the mass loss of the sample and the thickness of the corrosion product, and compare it with the data under natural corrosion conditions to obtain the acceleration ratio of the accelerated experiment;

[0094] in

[0095] Corrosion mechanism analysis: Combined with the results of surface morphology and electrochemical performance tests, the corrosion mechanism under different soil conditions is analyzed.

[0096] The present invention significantly improves the simulation accuracy and efficiency of the corrosion behavior of copper-clad steel grounding materials in the laboratory through an innovative accelerated corrosion test method. The specific technical effects are as follows:

[0097] 1. Accelerate the precise control of the corrosion process:

[0098] The present invention can effectively accelerate the corrosion process of copper-clad steel materials by regulating the mixing ratio of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia. Unlike traditional accelerated corrosion methods, this method can not only significantly shorten the experimental time, but also flexibly adjust the corrosion rate according to experimental requirements, and provide a variety of acceleration multiple options to meet research needs under different experimental conditions.

[0099] 2. Generate corrosion products consistent with the natural environment:

[0100] By precisely controlling the gas mixing ratio, the corrosion products generated under experimental conditions are ensured to be consistent in composition and structure with those in the actual natural environment. This consistency makes the experimental results more reliable and helps to more accurately predict the durability of copper-clad steel materials in practical applications.

[0101] 3. Adapt to various soil environments:

[0102] The present invention can design experiments according to different types of soil (such as acidic, neutral, alkaline), adjust the ratio of gas mixtures to simulate corrosion behavior in different soil environments. The flexibility of this method makes it suitable for corrosion research under a wide range of soil conditions and can obtain representative corrosion data in a short time.

[0103] 4. Improve experimental efficiency and reduce costs:

[0104] Traditional natural corrosion experiments are often time-consuming and costly, but this invention significantly improves experimental efficiency by greatly shortening the experimental time. Researchers can obtain the required corrosion data in a short time, reducing the occupation of laboratory resources and experimental costs.

[0105] 5. High applicability of data results:

[0106] Since the corrosion products generated by this method are highly consistent with the corrosion behavior in the actual environment, the experimental results have high applicability. The data can be directly used to guide the design and maintenance strategy of grounding materials, optimize the selection of materials, and provide a reliable reference for practical engineering applications.

[0107] 6. Promote the research and development of new materials:

[0108] The invention provides a platform for rapid evaluation and testing of the development of new anti-corrosion materials. Through this accelerated corrosion method, new materials with excellent corrosion resistance can be quickly screened out, and the research and development process of new materials can be accelerated, thereby meeting the needs of the power system for high-performance grounding materials.

[0109] In summary, the present invention not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of laboratory corrosion experiments, but also provides a more reliable corrosion assessment method for practical engineering applications, which has important technical value and broad application prospects.

[0110] Preferably, the proportion of ammonia in step 2 is used to control the acceleration multiple of the corrosion rate. The concentration of ammonia is adjusted according to the acidity and alkalinity of the soil and the desired acceleration ratio. The lower the pH, the closer the ammonia concentration is to the lower limit value:

[0111] (1) In an acidic soil environment, the ammonia concentration is controlled in the range of 0.2 vol.% to 1 vol.%;

[0112] (2) In a neutral soil environment, the ammonia concentration is controlled in the range of 1 vol.% to 1.2 vol.%;

[0113] (3) In an alkaline soil environment, the ammonia concentration is controlled in the range of 1.2 vol.% to 2 vol.%.

[0114] Preferably, the ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide in step 2 is used to control the formation of the corrosion product film so that it is consistent with the corrosion products in the natural environment, wherein the ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide is controlled between 2:1 and 1:2, and is adjusted according to the type of target corrosion products and experimental requirements to ensure that the chemical composition and structure of the corrosion product film are consistent with the products formed under natural corrosion conditions.

[0115] Preferably, in step 1, the mixing ratio of the soil sample to deionized water is 1:5.

[0116] Preferably, the experimental time in step 3 is set according to the target acceleration multiple, which is 10 to 100 times the natural corrosion time, and the target acceleration multiple is determined by the ammonia concentration, wherein:

[0117] (1) If the experimental time is short, a high acceleration factor is required, which is suitable for scenarios where corrosion tendency can be quickly assessed;

[0118] (2) If the experimental time is long, a lower acceleration factor is required, which is suitable for accurately simulating long-term corrosion processes.

[0119] Preferably, the sample size of the copper-clad steel grounding material in step 1 is 100 mm×10 mm×2 mm.

[0120] The experimental device for corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding materials includes:

[0121] (1) Gas mixing system, used to accurately control the mixing ratio of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia;

[0122] (2) Corrosion test system, including temperature and humidity control system, to simulate different climatic conditions in the natural environment;

[0123] (3) Monitoring system, used to record the temperature, gas concentration, and corrosion potential during the corrosion process in real time.

[0124] The experimental device for the corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding materials is a device that simulates various corrosion conditions that copper-clad steel grounding materials may encounter in actual environments, including:

[0125] 1. Gas mixing system

[0126] The main function of the gas mixing system is to precisely control and mix gases such as oxygen (O2), carbon dioxide (CO2) and ammonia (NH3) to simulate the corrosion conditions in different atmospheric environments. The ratio of these gases has a significant effect on the corrosion rate and mechanism of the material.

[0127] Components:

[0128] Gas source: Provide pure oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia.

[0129] Gas flow meter: Accurately measure the flow of each gas to ensure accurate mixing ratio.

[0130] Mixing chamber: Evenly mix the gases mixed in proportion.

[0131] Control system: Control gas flow and mixing ratio through programming to achieve automatic operation.

[0132] Working principle:

[0133] By setting the parameters in the control system, such as gas flow rate and mixing ratio, the gas flow meter will adjust the flow rate of each gas according to the preset value, and then send these gases into the mixing chamber for uniform mixing. The mixed gas is transported to the corrosion test system through the pipeline.

[0134] 2. Corrosion test system

[0135] Functional description:

[0136] The corrosion experiment system includes a temperature and humidity control system, which is used to simulate different climatic conditions in the natural environment, such as high temperature, high humidity, low temperature, low humidity, etc., to study the effects of these conditions on the corrosion behavior of copper-clad steel grounding materials.

[0137] Components:

[0138] Experimental box: A sealed box used to contain the copper-clad steel sample and the mixed gas to be tested.

[0139] Temperature and humidity control system: includes heating / cooling device and humidification / dehumidification device, which are used to adjust the temperature and humidity in the experimental chamber.

[0140] Sample holder: used to fix copper-clad steel samples to ensure that the samples are in a stable state during the experiment.

[0141] Porous Plates: Used to simulate corrosive conditions in soil or humid environments.

[0142] Working principle:

[0143] The copper-clad steel sample is fixed on the sample holder and placed in the experimental box. The temperature and humidity in the box are adjusted to the preset values ​​through the temperature and humidity control system to simulate different climatic conditions. At the same time, the mixed gas is introduced into the experimental box through the gas mixing system to simulate the corrosion conditions in the atmospheric environment. During the experiment, the monitoring system records the parameters such as temperature, gas concentration and corrosion potential in the corrosion process in real time.

[0144] 3. Monitoring system

[0145] The monitoring system is used to record key parameters in the corrosion process in real time, such as temperature, gas concentration, corrosion potential, etc., in order to analyze the corrosion mechanism and evaluate the corrosion degree.

[0146] Components:

[0147] Temperature sensor: measures the temperature inside the experimental chamber.

[0148] Humidity sensor: measures the humidity inside the experimental chamber.

[0149] Gas concentration sensor: measures the concentration of mixed gas in the experimental chamber.

[0150] Corrosion potential measuring device: used to measure the potential change of copper-clad steel samples during the corrosion process.

[0151] Data acquisition and processing system: collects sensor data and processes and analyzes it.

[0152] Working principle:

[0153] During the corrosion experiment, each sensor measures and records parameters such as temperature, humidity, gas concentration and corrosion potential in the experimental chamber in real time. The data acquisition and processing system processes and analyzes the collected data and generates a report for researchers to evaluate the degree and mechanism of corrosion.

[0154] In summary, this experimental device provides an experimental environment close to the actual environment for the corrosion research of copper-clad steel grounding materials by precisely controlling the gas mixing ratio, simulating different climatic conditions in the natural environment, and recording the key parameters in the corrosion process in real time.

[0155] Preferably, the gas mixing ratio, flow rate and test time are automatically adjusted according to the corrosion characteristics of different soil types.

[0156] The life assessment method of copper-clad steel grounding material corrosion is to establish a corrosion rate model through data analysis of experimental results, predict the corrosion life of the material in the actual environment, and formulate corresponding maintenance strategies according to different environmental conditions.

[0157] Preferably, the corrosion rate model is established based on multivariate regression analysis, combining soil type, gas ratio, temperature and humidity to predict the long-term corrosion behavior of copper-clad steel materials.

[0158] The life assessment of copper-clad steel grounding material corrosion is a comprehensive process that relies on accurate experimental data, scientific model building, and reasonable environmental considerations.

[0159] 1. Experimental Design and Data Collection

[0160] Firstly, by using the experimental method for corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding materials in the present invention, the gas ratio is precisely controlled by a gas mixing system, a corrosion experimental system is used to simulate the natural environment, and a monitoring system is used to record key parameters in the corrosion process in real time.

[0161] 2. Data analysis and corrosion rate model establishment

[0162] The collected experimental data need to be systematically analyzed to reveal the effects of different environmental factors on the corrosion rate of copper-clad steel materials. Here, multivariate regression analysis is a powerful tool that allows researchers to simultaneously consider the effects of multiple independent variables (such as soil type, gas ratio, temperature and humidity, etc.) on the dependent variable (corrosion rate).

[0163] Multivariate regression analysis included:

[0164] Data preprocessing: clean the data, remove outliers, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data.

[0165] Variable selection: Based on theoretical analysis and preliminary data exploration, variables with significant impact on corrosion rate were selected.

[0166] Model construction: Use multivariate regression analysis to establish a mathematical relationship between corrosion rate and selected variables. This model should be able to fit the experimental data well and have a certain predictive ability.

[0167] Model validation: Evaluate the accuracy and stability of the model through cross-validation, residual analysis and other methods.

[0168] 3. Corrosion life prediction

[0169] Once a reliable corrosion rate model is established, it can be used to predict the corrosion life of copper-clad steel grounding materials in actual environments. This usually involves substituting actual environmental conditions (such as soil type, gas concentration, temperature and humidity, etc.) into the model, calculating the corresponding corrosion rate, and further inferring the corrosion life of the material.

[0170] 4. Develop a maintenance strategy

[0171] Based on the prediction results of corrosion life, corresponding maintenance strategies can be formulated for different environmental conditions. For example, in an environment with a high corrosion rate, it may be necessary to inspect and maintain the grounding material more frequently; while in an environment with a low corrosion rate, the inspection and maintenance cycle can be appropriately extended. In addition, anti-corrosion coatings, cathodic protection and other measures can also be considered to extend the service life of grounding materials.

[0172] 5. Practical application and feedback

[0173] Apply the above assessment methods and maintenance strategies to actual projects and continuously monitor the corrosion of grounding materials. By collecting data from actual use, the corrosion rate model can be further verified and improved to improve the accuracy of prediction. At the same time, the maintenance strategy can be adjusted according to actual conditions to ensure the long-term stable operation of the grounding system.

[0174] In summary, the life assessment of copper-clad steel grounding material corrosion is a complex but crucial process. It relies on accurate experimental data, scientific model establishment and reasonable environmental considerations, providing an important scientific basis for the design, selection and maintenance of grounding materials.

[0175] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the field without departing from the purpose of the present invention. These changes involve related technologies well known to those skilled in the art, which all fall within the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention.

[0176] Many other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the concept and scope of the present invention.It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. Experimental method for corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding material, characterized in that: Corrosion acceleration is carried out by adding a mixture of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia to the soil leachate, which includes the following steps: Step 1, preparation of experimental materials; Select copper-clad steel grounding material samples with consistent specifications. Polish the surface of the samples before the experiment to remove oxides and dirt to ensure a smooth surface. Preparation of soil leachate: select soil samples of the target corrosive environment, add a certain proportion of deionized water, mix and stir evenly, filter out the soil leachate through a filter device, and retain the dissolved substances and corrosive components therein; Step 2, configuration of the gas mixing system; Set the ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide according to the requirements of the target corrosion products; Adjust the ratio of ammonia according to the pH of the soil; Use a mass flow controller to accurately control the gas flow rate to ensure that the gas is evenly mixed and continuously passed into the corrosion experiment system; Step 3, corrosion test process; Immerse the copper-clad steel grounding material sample in the soil leachate, start the gas mixing system, and begin to introduce a set ratio of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia. Set the experimental temperature according to the requirements, and set the experimental time according to the requirements of the acceleration multiple; Step 4, analysis of corrosion products; Surface morphology observation: After the experiment, the copper-clad steel grounding material samples were taken out from the soil leaching solution, rinsed with deionized water and dried, and the morphology of corrosion products on the sample surface was observed using a scanning electron microscope. The composition of the corrosion products was analyzed using an electron spectrometer, and the composition of the corrosion products was compared with that of the samples under natural conditions. Electrochemical performance test: The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is used to test the corroded copper-clad steel grounding material samples to evaluate the protective effect of the corrosion layer and the conductivity change; Step 5, data recording and analysis; Corrosion rate calculation: Calculate the corrosion rate based on the mass loss of the sample and the thickness of the corrosion product, and compare it with the data under natural corrosion conditions to obtain the acceleration ratio of the accelerated experiment; Corrosion mechanism analysis: Combined with the results of surface morphology and electrochemical performance tests, the corrosion mechanism under different soil conditions is analyzed.

2. The experimental method for corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proportion of ammonia in step 2 is used to control the acceleration multiple of the corrosion rate. The concentration of ammonia is adjusted according to the acidity and alkalinity of the soil and the desired acceleration ratio. The lower the pH, the closer the ammonia concentration is to the lower limit value: (1) In an acidic soil environment, the ammonia concentration is controlled in the range of 0.2 vol.% to 1 vol.%; (2) In a neutral soil environment, the ammonia concentration is controlled in the range of 1 vol.% to 1.2 vol.%; (3) In an alkaline soil environment, the ammonia concentration is controlled in the range of 1.2 vol.% to 2 vol.%.

3. The experimental method for corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide in step 2 is used to control the formation of the corrosion product film so that it is consistent with the corrosion products in the natural environment, wherein the ratio of oxygen to carbon dioxide is controlled between 2:1 and 1:2, and is adjusted according to the type of target corrosion products and experimental requirements to ensure that the chemical composition and structure of the corrosion product film are consistent with the products formed under natural corrosion conditions.

4. The experimental method for corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding material according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: In step 1, the mixing ratio of the soil sample to deionized water is 1:

5.

5. The experimental method for corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The experimental time in step 3 is set according to the target acceleration multiple, which is 10 to 100 times the natural corrosion time, and the target acceleration multiple is determined by the ammonia concentration, wherein: (1) If the experimental time is short, a high acceleration factor is required, which is suitable for scenarios where corrosion tendency can be quickly assessed; (2) If the experimental time is long, a lower acceleration factor is required, which is suitable for accurately simulating long-term corrosion processes.

6. The experimental method for corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The size of the copper-clad steel grounding material sample in step 1 is 100 mm×10 mm×2 mm.

7. Experimental device for corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding material, characterized in that: The experimental method for corrosion of the copper-clad steel grounding material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises: (1) Gas mixing system, used to accurately control the mixing ratio of oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia; (2) Corrosion test system, including temperature and humidity control system, to simulate different climatic conditions in the natural environment; (3) Monitoring system, used to record the temperature, gas concentration, and corrosion potential during the corrosion process in real time.

8. The experimental device for corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: Automatically adjust gas mix ratio, flow rate and test time according to the corrosion characteristics of different soil types.

9. A method for evaluating the life of copper-clad steel grounding material corrosion, characterized in that: The experimental method for the corrosion of copper-clad steel grounding materials described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is adopted, and a corrosion rate model is established by performing data analysis on the experimental results to predict the corrosion life of the material in the actual environment, and corresponding maintenance strategies are formulated according to different environmental conditions.

10. The method for evaluating the life of copper-clad steel grounding material corrosion according to claim 9, characterized in that: The corrosion rate model is established based on multivariate regression analysis, combining soil type, gas ratio, temperature and humidity to predict the long-term corrosion behavior of copper-clad steel materials.

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