Green recovery method suitable for quarry slope

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mine greening and solid waste resource utilization, and mainly relates to a greening method suitable for a quarry slope. The method specifically comprises the following steps: cleaning and finishing a slope surface; drilling holes and arranging side anchor rods; pouring a concrete groove body; paving and filling a soil matrix; sowing re-greening plant seeds; building a sprinkling irrigation system and a drainage system; later-stage maintenance of the plants. The method can solve the problem that large-area regreening of the high and steep slope is difficult to achieve, meanwhile, the stability of the slope rock-soil body is guaranteed, the method has the advantages of being easy and reliable to operate, outstanding in regreening effect and the like, resource reutilization of mine waste is achieved to a certain degree, and the method has the advantages of being green and sustainable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mine greening and solid waste resource utilization, and in particular relates to a greening method suitable for quarry slopes. Background Art

[0002] Quarrying activities have seriously changed the original topography of the area, stripping off a large number of plants. The slopes formed by quarrying activities are often steeper and contain a large number of loose rock masses and cracks. Under the action of external forces such as earthquakes and rainfall, geological disasters such as collapse and landslides are very likely to occur, endangering personal safety. In addition, the deterioration of the slope ecological environment produces a large amount of dust, gravel, etc., which pollutes water, air and soil, causing soil erosion and other phenomena, seriously affecting the surrounding environmental quality.

[0003] Due to the changes in soil structure and physical and chemical properties and the serious damage to soil conditions, it is difficult to carry out greening projects. Traditional engineering methods such as building retaining walls are difficult to solve the problem of unstable slopes, and greening technologies such as hanging nets and spraying are also difficult to implement on high and steep slopes. A technology that is suitable for high and steep quarry slopes and can fundamentally enhance slope stability and improve the ecological environment of the slope is needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a greening method suitable for quarry slopes, which is applicable to high and steep quarry slopes in the northeast region with a slope angle of about 70° and poor soil conditions and low vegetation coverage. The application of the vegetation trough method combined with the soil matrix to achieve greening can effectively improve the ecological environment of the quarry slope and solve the problem of difficult greening of high and steep slopes.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A regreening method suitable for quarry slopes, wherein a vegetation trough, a drainage ditch, a sprinkler irrigation system pipeline and a soil moisture monitor are arranged on the quarry slopes, wherein the vegetation trough comprises a concrete trough body, a soil matrix, a seed layer, side anchor rods and matching steel bars.

[0007] The greening method applicable to the quarry slope comprises the following steps:

[0008] 1) Repair the quarry slope, clean up weeds and gravel on the slope, and remove dangerous rock masses and surrounding plant roots;

[0009] 2) Drill holes on the rock surface of the quarry slope and lay out fixed side anchor rods and matching steel bars; the matching steel bars are level with the bottom surface of the concrete trough, with one end embedded in the concrete trough and the other end embedded in the rock surface of the slope; the side anchor rods are in the same direction as the side surface of the concrete trough and extend downward to the rock surface of the slope, with one end embedded in the concrete trough and the other end embedded in the rock surface of the slope;

[0010] 3) Using side anchor rods and matching steel bars as the supporting structure, pour the concrete trough;

[0011] 4) Prepare soil matrix and mix well;

[0012] 5) Fill the prepared and evenly mixed soil matrix into the concrete tank;

[0013] 6) taking another soil matrix and mixing it with the regreening plant seeds, injecting it into the concrete tank, and laying it on the soil matrix filled in step 5) to form a seed layer;

[0014] 7) installing a soil moisture monitor in the soil matrix filled in step 5);

[0015] 8) Lay out the sprinkler system pipelines and build drainage ditches according to the slope of the mountain;

[0016] 9) Continuously monitor and maintain the plants in the concrete tank.

[0017] Furthermore, the above-mentioned method for regreening the slope of a quarry is suitable for the concrete trough body, the trough length is 6m, the thickness is 15mm, the horizontal and vertical spacing is 2m, the trough depth is 1m, the trough width is 1m, and the trough bottom width is 0.5m.

[0018] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for regreening a quarry slope, in step 5), the filling amount of the soil matrix is ​​three quarters of the volume of the concrete tank.

[0019] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for regreening quarry slopes, the soil matrix is ​​prepared by evenly mixing 120 parts of sandy cultivated soil, 30-40 parts of organic matter, 10 parts of composite bacterial agent, 10 parts of water retaining agent and 20 parts of soil improver in terms of mass.

[0020] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for regreening quarry slopes, the preparation method of the organic matter is: Amorpha fruticosa leaves, alfalfa leaves, and superphosphate are crushed and mixed in a weight ratio of 5:4:1, passed through a 120-mesh sieve, and fermented at 35°C for 15 days to obtain the organic matter.

[0021] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for regreening the slopes of a quarry, the preparation method of the composite bacterial agent is as follows: freeze-dried nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus bacteria, and potassium bacteria powders are mixed in a mass ratio of 4:3:3.

[0022] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned method for reforestation of quarry slopes, the preparation method of the soil conditioner is: the modified coal gangue, activated boric mud, and modified quicklime are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:5:1 to obtain the soil conditioner.

[0023] Preferably, the modified gangue and quicklime are prepared by crushing the gangue and quicklime respectively, passing them through a 80-100 mesh sieve and calcining them at 850° C. for 1-2 hours to obtain the modified gangue and quicklime.

[0024] Preferably, the preparation method of the activated borax mud is: crushing the borax mud and passing it through an 80-mesh sieve, and calcining it at 750° C. for 0.5 h to obtain the activated borax mud.

[0025] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned regreening method applicable to quarry slopes, in step 6), the seed layer is mixed with 8-10 g of regreening plant seeds per square meter of soil matrix to form a seed layer of 1-2 cm thickness.

[0026] Preferably, the regreening plant seeds are obtained by mixing Amorpha fruticosa, alfalfa, tall fescue and Parthenocissus gracilis in a weight ratio of 5:1:1:1.

[0027] Furthermore, the above-mentioned method for regreening the slope of a quarry is suitable, and the overall slope of the drainage ditch is 75°, from the top of the mountain along the slope to the bottom of the slope, with a bottom width of 0.5m, a mouth width of 0.8m, a depth of 0.5m, and a thickness of 10cm.

[0028] Furthermore, the above-mentioned method for regreening the slopes of a quarry is suitable, and the sprinkler system pipeline includes sprinkler nozzles, a sprinkler system trunk pipe and a sprinkler system branch pipe. The sprinkler system trunk pipe is arranged along the slope surface, and the sprinkler system branch pipes are led out from the sprinkler system trunk pipe and arranged horizontally. The spacing between each row of sprinkler system branches is 2m, and a sprinkler nozzle is arranged at the tail end of the sprinkler system branch pipe, and the spraying radius of the sprinkler nozzle is 3m.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. The raw materials for soil matrix improvement are widely available, easy to prepare, and have a high vegetation survival rate. Industrial and agricultural waste is used to realize the resource utilization of solid waste, which is in line with the concept of "green mine".

[0031] 2. The regreening plants provided by the method of the present invention are cold-resistant and drought-resistant, have strong vitality, are easy to maintain, can adapt to the adverse conditions of the slope, and can be collected after maturity, such as the harvesting of Amorpha fruticosa leaves and the collection of alfalfa litter, which can be used as organic fertilizer after fermentation and have good sustainability.

[0032] 3. The use of large-volume planting troughs can reduce the amount of work, effectively increase the greening area and speed. Install a soil moisture monitoring system to achieve real-time monitoring, and use it in conjunction with the sprinkler irrigation system to remotely control water and fertilizer replenishment, reducing manpower and material resources during maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram and a partial enlarged diagram of the structure suitable for quarry slope regreening.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a top view of the structure suitable for quarry slope regreening.

[0035] In the figure, 1-vegetation trough, 2-drainage ditch, 3-concrete trough, 4-soil moisture monitor, 5-soil matrix, 6-seed layer, 7-side anchor rod, 8-matching steel bars, 9-sprinkler nozzle, 10-sprinkler system main pipe, 11-sprinkler system branch pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] The invention discloses a regreening method suitable for quarry slopes, which is applicable to high and steep quarry slopes in the northeast region with a slope angle of about 70°, poor soil conditions and low vegetation coverage.

[0039] A method for reforestation of quarry slopes, comprising the following steps:

[0040] 1. Slope rock repair

[0041] 1.1) Clear the dead branches, rotten leaves, weeds, gravel and other obstacles on the quarry slope, and remove the dangerous rock in the area. Trim the corners and top of the slope and backfill the potholes to make the slope of the entire repair area smooth. Trim the trees within 2.5-3.0m of the top of the slope to ensure the stability of the slope.

[0042] 1.2) Use a drill to drill holes with a diameter of 40 mm in the rock surface. The horizontal spacing between each hole on the slope is 1.6 m, and the vertical spacing is

[0043] The trough body is cast with concrete, with a depth of 1m, a width of 1m at the trough mouth, a width of 0.5m at the bottom, a length of 6m, a thickness of 15mm, and a horizontal and vertical spacing of 2m.

[0044] 1.3) Fix the side anchor rods and matching steel bars with a diameter of 38 mm and made of low-alloy high-strength steel on the drilled holes. The matching steel bars are level with the bottom surface of the concrete trough, with one end embedded in the concrete trough and the other end embedded in the slope rock surface; the side anchor rods are in the same direction as the side surface of the concrete trough and extend downward to the slope rock surface, with one end embedded in the concrete trough and the other end embedded in the slope rock surface; the concrete trough is cast under the support of the side anchor rods and matching steel bars to provide a carrier for plant growth.

[0045] 2. Soil matrix preparation

[0046] 2.1) The gangue and quicklime are crushed and passed through an 80-100 mesh sieve and roasted at 850°C for 1-2h to obtain modified gangue and quicklime; the boron mud is crushed and passed through an 80 mesh sieve, and roasted at 750°C for 0.5h to obtain activated boron mud; the modified gangue, activated boron mud and modified quicklime are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:5:1 to obtain a soil conditioner.

[0047] 2.2) Amorpha fruticosa leaves, alfalfa leaves and superphosphate are crushed and mixed in a weight ratio of 5:4:1, passed through a 120-mesh sieve, and fermented at 35° C. for 15 days to output the mixture as a clinker, which is the organic matter.

[0048] 2.3) The freeze-dried nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus bacteria and potassium bacteria powders are mixed in a mass ratio of 4:3:3 to prepare a composite bacterial agent.

[0049] 2.4) 120 parts of sandy cultivated soil, 30-40 parts of organic matter, 10 parts of compound bacterial agent, 10 parts of water retaining agent and 20 parts of soil improver are mixed evenly to form a soil matrix, which is then filled into the concrete tank body. The filling amount is three quarters of the volume of the concrete tank body.

[0050] 3. Plant sowing and maintenance

[0051] 3.1) In this embodiment, four kinds of regreening plant seeds, namely, Amorpha fruticosa, alfalfa, tall fescue and creeper, were selected and mixed in a weight ratio of 5:1:1:1. Another part of the soil matrix was mixed with the regreening plant seeds and filled in the concrete tank, and laid on the filled soil matrix to form a seed layer, and 8-10g of regreening plant seeds were sown per square meter.

[0052] 3.2) Sowing should be carried out in April and May and should be avoided during the rainy season. The soil should be moist before and after sowing to eventually form a seed layer 1-2 cm thick. After sowing, cover with a shade net to reduce evaporation and rain erosion.

[0053] 3.3) Select a typical area as sample soil and install a ZSMS solar-powered soil moisture monitor in the soil matrix. The soil moisture monitoring system can monitor the changes in the physical and chemical properties of deep soil, including soil conductivity, soil temperature, soil water content, etc. in real time, and replenish water and fertilizer accordingly.

[0054] 3.4) Design a drainage ditch from the top of the mountain along the steps to the bottom of the slope, with an overall slope of 75°, a bottom width of 0.5m, a mouth width of 0.8m, a depth of 0.5m, and a thickness of 10cm. Arrange the sprinkler system pipeline, where the sprinkler system main pipe is arranged along the slope, and the sprinkler system branch pipe is led out from the sprinkler system main pipe and arranged horizontally. The spacing between each row of sprinkler system branch pipes is 2m. Sprinkler nozzles are set at the tail end of the sprinkler system branch pipes, and the spraying radius of the nozzles used is 3m. The sprinkler system can realize automatic or remote control irrigation through computer technology.

[0055] 3.5) Water the plants once every morning in the early stage after sowing. In summer, water them once in the morning and once in the evening. The water temperature should rise and fall with the temperature. In the middle and late stages of plant growth, the growth of vegetation should be continuously monitored, and the missing vegetation coverage should be re-sown in time.

[0056] The present invention discloses a regreening method suitable for quarry slopes. After investigation, it is found that the vegetation survival rate is high and the greening effect is good; the soil conditions are greatly improved, the slope stability is increased, and it has high feasibility and sustainability.

Claims

1. A method for regreening quarry slopes, characterized in that: A vegetation trough, drainage ditch, sprinkler system pipeline and soil moisture monitor are set on the quarry slope. The vegetation trough includes a concrete trough body, soil matrix, seed layer, side anchor rods and matching steel bars. The greening method applicable to the quarry slope comprises the following steps: 1) Repair the quarry slope, clean up weeds and gravel on the slope, and remove dangerous rock masses and surrounding plant roots; 2) Drill holes on the rock surface of the quarry slope and lay out fixed side anchor rods and supporting steel bars; the supporting steel bars are level with the bottom surface of the concrete trough, with one end embedded in the concrete trough and the other end embedded in the rock surface of the slope; The side anchor rod is in the same direction as the side surface of the concrete trough and extends downward to the rock surface of the slope, with one end embedded in the concrete trough and the other end embedded in the rock surface of the slope; 3) Using side anchor rods and matching steel bars as the supporting structure, pour the concrete trough; 4) Prepare soil matrix and mix well; 5) Fill the prepared and evenly mixed soil matrix into the concrete tank; 6) taking another soil matrix and mixing it with the regreening plant seeds, injecting it into the concrete tank, and laying it on the soil matrix filled in step 5) to form a seed layer; 7) installing a soil moisture monitor in the soil matrix filled in step 5); 8) Lay out the sprinkler system pipelines and build drainage ditches according to the slope of the mountain; 9) Continuously monitor and maintain the plants in the concrete tank.

2. A method for reforestation of quarry slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concrete trough has a length of 6m, a thickness of 15mm, a horizontal and vertical spacing of 2m, a trough depth of 1m, a trough width of 1m, and a trough bottom width of 0.5m.

3. A method for reforestation of quarry slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil matrix is ​​prepared by mixing 120 parts of sandy cultivated soil, 30-40 parts of organic matter, 10 parts of composite bacterial agent, 10 parts of water retaining agent and 20 parts of soil improver by weight; in step 5), the filling amount of the soil matrix is ​​three quarters of the volume of the concrete tank.

4. A method for reforestation of quarry slopes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for preparing the organic matter comprises the following steps: Amorpha fruticosa leaves, alfalfa leaves and superphosphate are crushed and mixed evenly in a weight ratio of 5:4:1, and then passed through a 120-mesh sieve, and then fermented at 35° C. for 15 days to obtain the organic matter.

5. The method for reforestation of quarry slopes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the composite bacterial agent is as follows: freeze-dried nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus bacteria and potassium bacteria powders are mixed in a mass ratio of 4:3:

3.

6. A method for reforestation of quarry slopes according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps: respectively crushing coal gangue and quicklime, passing through an 80-100 mesh sieve, and roasting at 850°C for 1-2h to obtain modified coal gangue and quicklime; crushing boric mud, passing through an 80-mesh sieve, and roasting at 750°C for 0.5h to obtain activated boric mud; and mixing the modified coal gangue, activated boric mud, and modified quicklime in a mass ratio of 3:5:1 to obtain the soil conditioner.

7. The method for reforestation of quarry slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6), the seed layer is prepared by mixing 8-10 g of regreening plant seeds per square meter of soil matrix to form a seed layer of 1-2 cm thickness.

8. A method for reforestation of quarry slopes according to claim 7, characterized in that: The regreening plant seeds are obtained by mixing Amorpha fruticosa, alfalfa, tall fescue and Parthenocissus gracilis in a weight ratio of 5:1:1:

1.

9. The method for reforestation of quarry slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope of the drainage ditch is based on the slope of the side slope. From the top of the mountain along the slope to the bottom of the slope, the bottom width is 0.5m, the mouth width is 0.8m, the depth is 0.5m, and the thickness is 10cm.

10. The method for regreening a quarry slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sprinkler system pipeline includes sprinkler nozzles, a sprinkler system main pipe and a sprinkler system branch pipe. The sprinkler system main pipe is arranged along the slope, and the sprinkler system branch pipes are led out from the sprinkler system main pipe and arranged horizontally. The spacing between each row of sprinkler system branches is 2m. A sprinkler nozzle is arranged at the tail end of the sprinkler system branch pipe, and the spraying radius of the sprinkler nozzle is 3m.

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