Adjustable quantitative and fixed-distance separating mechanism for small particles

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and relates to an adjustable quantitative and fixed-distance separating mechanism for small particles, which is characterized in that a wheel disc fixing plate is mounted between a seed feeding pipeline and a seed discharging pipeline below a seed box, an inner wheel disc is mounted in the middle of the wheel disc fixing plate, an outer wheel disc is mounted on the periphery of the inner wheel disc, and a notch is formed in the outer wheel disc and corresponds to an inverted trapezoidal concave opening of the inner wheel disc; an electromagnetic clutch is arranged on the inner wheel disc, adjusting blocks are arranged at seed-metering ports of the inner wheel disc and the outer wheel disc, self-adaptive base plates are arranged on the adjusting blocks, and adjusting springs are arranged in the inner wheel disc below the self-adaptive base plates; a sensor is arranged on a wheel frame of the seeder, a sliding block seat is arranged on the sensor, a distance adjusting sliding block is arranged in the sliding block seat, one end of the sensor is provided with a wiring harness end, and the sensor is connected with two wiring harness ends on a motor. Therefore, on the basis of quantitative separation of small-particle seeds, different planting distances can be adjusted in real time for planting, the problem of seed waste in the early stage of planting and the defect of manual control of the sowing distance are solved, time and labor are saved, and the planting efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to an adjustable small particle quantitative and distance separation mechanism. Background Art

[0002] At present, the planting technology of small-grained seeds of crops is still at the stage of manual sowing. Whether it is the control of plant spacing or the amount of seeds planted per plant, it relies on people's senses to control, resulting in a large number of redundant seedlings during the seedling growth period, and a large number of manual weeding is required, resulting in a great waste of seeds, and increasing the labor intensity of manual weeding in the later stage. The existing planting machines are only a single replacement for manual labor, and the problem of fixed-distance and quantitative sowing of small particles has not yet been solved. In recent years, for quantitative separation, some seeders have particularly obvious disadvantages of fixed-structure separation chambers when retaining the planting conditions of single seedlings and when the seeds are of different sizes, which often causes the seeds to be crushed or stuck in the separation chamber; some seeders have to make millet into pellets when sowing millet. Although it can be quantitative, it is time-consuming and laborious. For fixed-distance sowing, in the face of working conditions with different plant spacing requirements, such as switching between dense planting and general planting requirements, the existing technology has no response measures. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above technical deficiencies and provide an adjustable small particle quantitative and distance separation mechanism with compact structure, accurate quantitative and distance determination and high sowing efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is that the adjustable small particle quantitative and fixed-distance separation mechanism includes a seed inlet pipe, a seed discharge pipe, a motor, a coupling, a wheel, and a wheel frame. The feature is that a wheel disc fixing plate is fixed on the shell wall between the seed inlet pipe and the seed discharge pipe below the seed box with bolts, an inner wheel disc is movably installed in the middle hole of the wheel disc fixing plate with a bearing, an outer wheel disc is slidably connected to the outer periphery of the inner wheel disc, the right side of the outer wheel disc is fixed to the wheel disc fixing plate, a notch is provided above the outer wheel disc, the notch corresponds to the inverted trapezoidal concave opening provided on the inner wheel disc below the seed inlet pipe, an electromagnetic clutch is provided in the central hollow of the inner wheel disc, the electromagnetic clutch is connected to the coupling with a transition shaft, and the coupling The motor output shaft is connected to the central groove of the seeder, the motor is fixed on the motor mounting plate with a motor limit plate, the motor mounting plate is fixed on the shell body below the seed box in parallel with the inner and outer wheel discs, an adjusting block is arranged on the inner wheel disc and the seed discharge port of the outer wheel disc, an adaptive pad is slidably connected below the adjusting block, and an adjusting spring is arranged in the groove of the inner wheel disc below the adaptive pad; a sensor fixing seat is fixed on the horizontal wheel frame outside the wheel axle at the center of the seeder wheel, a sensor is arranged on the sensor fixing seat, a slider seat is arranged above the sensor, a distance adjusting slider is set in the slider seat, a wiring harness end is arranged on one end of the sensor, and the wiring harness end on the sensor is connected with the wiring harness end on the motor by a wiring harness.

[0005] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the adjustable small-particle quantitative and fixed-distance separation mechanism realizes the quantitative separation of small-particle crop seeds. Through the adaptive yielding module formed by the adaptive pad and the spring, the sudden change in size or appearance of small-particle seeds during quantitative separation, and the crushing or sticking problems caused by the special size and shape are avoided, which greatly improves the stability and adaptability of quantitative separation of similar seeds. In the functional realization of fixed-distance sowing, different plant spacings can be adjusted in real time by adjusting the synchronous position of the sensor and the fixed-distance adjustment slider, making the whole set of planting technology more flexible. It solves the problem of seed waste in the early stage of planting and the defect of uneven sowing distance controlled by manual control, saves manpower and material resources, and improves planting efficiency. The overall structure of the mechanism is compact, easy to install and disassemble, and flexible to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0007] Figure 1 It is the external structure diagram of the adjustable small particle quantitative and fixed distance separation mechanism.

[0008] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0009] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A - A cross-sectional structural diagram.

[0010] Figure 4 It is a connection diagram of the outer roulette wheel and the inner roulette wheel using 3.

[0011] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of the structure at position Ⅰ in the middle.

[0012] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the connection between the wheel and the spacing structure.

[0013] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure at center II.

[0014] In the figure: 1-seed inlet pipe; 2-motor mounting plate; 3-outer wheel disc; 3-1-notch; 4-inner wheel disc; 4-1-inverted trapezoidal recessed opening; 5-motor limit plate; 6-coupling; 7-wiring harness end; 8-motor; 9-seed pipe; 10-electromagnetic clutch; 11-transition shaft; 12-bearing; 13-wheel disc fixing plate; 14-adjustment spring; 15-adjustment block; 16-adaptive pad; 17-wheel frame; 18-sensor; 19-distance adjustment slider; 20-slider seat; 21-sensor fixing seat; 22-wheel axle; 23-wheel.

[0015] Specific implementation methods For example, see the attached Figures 1 to 6 The adjustable small particle quantitative and fixed distance separation mechanism is a wheel disc fixing plate 13 fixed by bolts on the shell wall between the seed feeding pipe 1 and the seed discharging pipe 9 below the seed box of the seed drill, and the inner wheel disc 4 is movably installed in the middle hole of the wheel disc fixing plate 13 by a bearing 12. The outer wheel disc 3 is installed in a sliding connection on the periphery of the inner wheel disc 4, and the right side of the outer wheel disc 3 is fixedly connected with the left side of the wheel disc fixing plate 13. A notch is provided above the outer wheel disc 3, and the notch corresponds to the inverted trapezoidal concave opening 4-1 provided on the inner wheel disc 4 below the seed feeding pipe 1. An electromagnetic clutch path 10 is provided in the central hollow of the inner wheel disc 4, and the electromagnetic clutch path 10 is connected to the coupling 6 by a transition shaft 11, and the output shaft of the motor 8 is connected to the central groove of the coupling 6. The motor 8 is fixedly installed on the left side of the motor mounting plate 2 by a motor limit plate 5, and the wiring harness end 7 is connected to the motor 8. The motor mounting plate 2 is fixed on the shell below the seed box in parallel with the inner wheel disc 4 and the outer wheel disc 3. An adjusting block 15 is provided on the inner wheel disc 4 and at the seeding opening of the outer wheel disc 3. An adaptive pad 16 is slidably connected below the adjusting block 15. A groove is provided on the inner wheel disc 4 below the adaptive pad 16. Two adjusting springs 14 are arranged in parallel in the groove. The upper end of the adjusting spring 14 is connected to the lower side of the adaptive pad 16, and the lower end of the adjusting spring 14 is connected to the groove of the inner wheel disc 4. The outer disc 3 and the inner disc 4 are driven by the motor 8 during the walking process of the seeder to realize the quantitative function of small-particle seeds. A sensor fixing seat 21 is installed on the wheel frame 17 outside the wheel shaft 22 of the walking wheel 23 of the seeder, and a sensor 18 is fixed above the sensor fixing seat 21. A slider seat 20 is provided above the sensor 18, and a distance adjusting slider 19 is set in the slider seat 20. A harness end 7 is provided on the front end surface of the sensor 18. The harness end 7 on the sensor 18 and the harness end 7 on the motor 8 are connected and controlled by a harness to realize the seed fixed distance sowing function.

[0016] The working principle of the present invention is: the control signal is sent, and the arc length of the wheel 23 is corresponding to the travel distance of the main body of the mechanism. When the fixed distance adjustment slider 19 is separated from the recognition area of ​​the sensor 18 and re-enters the recognition area, the sensor 18 sends a control signal to the motor 8, prompting the motor 8 to complete a fixed angle reciprocating rotation of 135 degrees, completing the power input to the mechanism.

[0017] From the perspective of the entire quantitative and fixed-distance function, after the control signal is given, the corresponding mechanism has reached the designed plant spacing position, and at the same time the seed separation mechanism is activated to complete quantitative seeding.

[0018] Quantitative realization, first according to the different characteristics of small particle seeds, through the inner wheel disc 4 of the inverted trapezoidal recessed opening 4-1 structure of the slider to define the appropriate separation volume, so that a preset amount of seeds can be fully contained in the inner wheel disc 4 inverted trapezoidal separation cavity. Small-particle seeds are introduced from the seed inlet pipe above, pass through the through channel of the outer wheel disc 3 and enter the inverted trapezoidal separation chamber of the inner wheel disc 4. At this time, the preset amount of seeds to be separated will be completely contained by the inverted trapezoidal separation chamber of the inner wheel disc 4. When the wheel 23 moves to the preset position, the sensor 18 sends a control signal, and the motor 8 transmits the rotational force to the built-in cross-shaped surface of the inner wheel disc 4 through the cross-shaped surface of the clutch 10, so that the inner wheel disc 4 completes a reciprocating swing within a swing angle stroke of 135 degrees. During the swinging process, the seeds contained in the separation chamber of the inner wheel disc 4 at the initial position are thrown out to the inner wall of the outer wheel disc 3, and finally slide into the seed discharge pipe 1. At the same time, when the inner wheel disc 4 returns to reset, another group of predetermined number of seeds will slide into the separation chamber of the inner wheel disc 4, and the electrical signal of the sensor 18 will be received to realize the next quantitative separation.

[0019] There are many ways to achieve fixed distance, but in order to facilitate the realization of customized and real-time flexible adjustment of plant spacing, this design uses sensor 18 as the basis for achieving fixed distance. The fixed distance of this mechanism is achieved by adjusting the positions of the fixed distance adjustment slider 19 and the sensor 18 at the same time. The farther the working positions of the two are from the center of the wheel 23, the longer the execution cycle of the seeding action is, that is, the longer the quantitative separation action cycle of the seeds is, so as to achieve the effect of controlling the plant spacing.

Claims

1. An adjustable small particle quantitative and fixed distance separation mechanism, comprising a seed feeding pipe (1), a seed discharging pipe (9), a motor (8), a coupling (6), a wheel (23), and a wheel frame (17), characterized in that: A fixed wheel plate (13) is provided on the shell wall between the seed inlet pipe (1) and the seed discharge pipe (9) below the seed box. An inner wheel (4) is movably mounted in the middle hole of the wheel plate (13) by means of a bearing (12). An outer wheel (3) is slidably mounted on the periphery of the inner wheel (4). The right side of the outer wheel (3) is fixed to the wheel plate (13). A notch (3-1) is provided above the outer wheel (3). The notch (3-1) corresponds to an inverted trapezoidal recessed opening (4-1) provided on the inner wheel (4) below the seed inlet pipe (1). An electromagnetic clutch (10) is provided in the central hollow of the inner wheel (4). The electromagnetic clutch (10) is connected to a coupling (6) by means of a transition shaft (11). The central groove of the coupling (6) is connected to the motor output shaft. The motor (8) is fixed to the motor mounting plate (2) by means of a motor limit plate (5). The motor is installed The plate (2) is fixed on the housing below the seed box in parallel with the inner wheel disc (4) and the outer wheel disc (3); an adjustment block (15) is arranged on the inner wheel disc (4) and at the seeding opening of the outer wheel disc (3); an adaptive pad (16) is slidably connected below the adjustment block (15); an adjustment spring (14) is arranged in a groove of the inner wheel disc (4) below the adaptive pad (16); a sensor fixing seat (21) is fixed on a wheel frame (17) at the periphery of a wheel axle (22) at the center of a wheel (23) of the seed drill; a sensor (18) is arranged on the sensor fixing seat (21); a slider seat (20) is arranged above the sensor (18); a distance adjustment slider (19) is set in the slider seat (20); a wiring harness end (7) is arranged on one end of the sensor (18); the wiring harness end (7) on the sensor (18) is connected to the wiring harness end (7) on the motor (8) by a wiring harness.

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