Design of external-cooling-to-internal-cooling circulating cooling cutter handle and porous structure cutter

Abstract

The invention designs a cooling structure capable of converting external cooling into internal circulation. The cooling structure comprises a cutter handle body, two water inlet sleeves, two connectors, a positioning column, a sealing structure, a bearing, a locking nut, a collet chuck and a cutter. A water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the cutter handle and connected with the first annular groove and the second annular groove, a circulating cooling channel is formed through an inner channel of the cutter, the annular grooves are sealed through O-shaped sealing rings, cooling liquid is prevented from flowing into a bearing, and based on high heat conductivity and good strength performance of a porous structure, the service life of the cutter is prolonged. The porous structure is applied to the structural design of the milling cutter. Due to the fact that the cutter adopts the circulating cooling system and the porous structure design cutter, heat dissipation in the dry type cutting process and the strength of the cutter are improved to a high degree, and the comprehensive performance is excellent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial tool processing, and in particular relates to an externally cooled to internally cooled tool handle and a novel tool structure design. Background Art

[0002] In traditional cutting processes, coolants are usually relied on to control processing temperature, reduce friction, improve cutting efficiency, and extend tool life. However, under certain special processing conditions, such as dry cutting or deep hole processing, the inability to effectively use coolants often leads to problems such as increased temperature and increased tool wear. Although there are some tools and cutting solutions for dry cutting or deep hole processing on the market, most solutions fail to fully address the adverse effects of excessive temperatures during processing.

[0003] At present, the main way to solve this problem is to improve the tool material or adjust the processing parameters. However, these measures often cannot completely solve the problem of tool wear caused by excessive temperature. Especially when coolant cannot be used, there are still significant technical bottlenecks.

[0004] Therefore, for processing environments where coolant cannot be used, a new tool structure or cutting solution is urgently needed, which can effectively recycle the coolant during the processing process, reduce the temperature of the cutting area, extend the service life of the tool, and ensure the processing quality and efficiency. The present invention proposes a structural design of an external-cooling to internal-cooling tool holder and its matching tool. Through the internal circulation cooling system, the coolant is ensured to be continuously used during the processing process, thereby effectively reducing the temperature of the tool cutting area and significantly extending the tool life. It is particularly suitable for special working conditions such as dry cutting and deep hole processing. Summary of the invention

[0005] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] Based on the above shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem solved by the present invention is: for dry cutting where the coolant cannot be directly applied to the cutting area, in order to improve the processing quality and processing efficiency, a channel is designed in which the coolant can circulate inside the tool handle and the tool, and a porous structure is applied to the internal channel of the tool to increase its thermal conductivity and convection heat transfer efficiency, improve strength, and thus achieve the suppression of cutting heat. This tool adopts additive manufacturing technology in processing.

[0007] Technical Solution

[0008] The tool structure of the present invention mainly includes a tool handle body, a bearing part, a sealing part, a connecting part and a tool structure. The front end of the tool handle is connected to the main shaft by a BT type connection method, and the connecting part is connected to the tool by a collet and a water stop chuck. By adjusting the size of the chuck, tools of different diameters can be clamped.

[0009] Connection between the tool handle and the bearing part: The tool handle is connected to the spindle through the bearing part. The bearing part includes a pair of deep groove ball bearings. When the spindle drives the tool handle to rotate at high speed, the bearing can keep the external water inlet and the hose relatively still, thereby ensuring the stable inflow of coolant.

[0010] Design of the sealing part: The tool handle and the sealing part cooperate to form two sealing grooves through the O-ring. When the coolant enters through the first water inlet, it first fills the sealing groove and then enters the internal circulation cooling channel through the second water inlet. This design effectively avoids coolant leakage and ensures the circulation of coolant in the tool.

[0011] Design of internal cooling channel: A new porous cooling channel is designed inside the tool of the present invention. In order to improve the thermal conductivity, heat transfer efficiency and strength of the tool, a porous structural material with high thermal conductivity, high heat transfer and high strength is used. This design can enhance the tool's ability to suppress cutting heat during the cutting process and effectively extend the tool's service life.

[0012] Coolant circulation system: The tool handle is provided with a second water inlet hole and a second water outlet hole. The water inlet sleeve is provided with a first annular groove and a first water inlet hole, respectively, and the water outlet sleeve is provided with a second annular groove and a first water outlet hole. The first water inlet hole and the second water inlet hole are connected to the first annular groove, and the first water outlet hole and the second water outlet hole are connected to the second annular groove. The annular groove is sealed by a sealing structure to prevent the coolant from entering the bearing. The coolant enters the first water inlet hole from the joint, flows into the first annular groove, and then enters the internal cooling channel of the tool through the second water inlet hole. After flowing inside the tool, it takes away the heat from the surface of the tool, and finally flows into the second annular groove through the second water outlet hole, and is discharged through the first water outlet hole to complete the cycle.

[0013] Through this internal coolant circulation system, the coolant can continuously take away the heat from the tool surface, significantly reducing the temperature of the cutting area, thereby effectively suppressing cutting heat and improving processing quality and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the external cooling to internal cooling method of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the external cooling to internal cooling circulation cooling component of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the tool structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fluid channel inside the tool of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the fluid channel inside the tool of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the tool cooling channel of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the porous structure of the tool structure of the present invention.

[0021] Among them, 110-handle, 111-second water inlet hole, 112-second water outlet hole, 113-water inlet channel, 114-water outlet channel, 120-first end cover 1, 121-first rubber sealing ring, 122-second end cover 2, 123-second rubber sealing ring, 130-screw, 140-first angular contact ball bearing, 141-second angular contact ball bearing, 150-first O-ring, 151-second O-ring, 152- The third O-ring, 153-the fourth O-ring, 160-water inlet sleeve, 161-water inlet joint, 162-the first water inlet hole, 163-the first annular groove, 170-water outlet sleeve, 171-water outlet joint, 172-the first water outlet hole, 173-the second annular groove, 180-axial retaining ring, 190-water stop chuck, 200-nut, 210-tool, 211-internal cooling channel, 212-porous structure, 220-positioning screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] The external-cooling to internal-cooling tool handle structure of this embodiment includes a tool handle body, an end cover, a bearing, a water inlet sleeve, a water outlet sleeve, a joint, a positioning block, a positioning screw, a sealing structure, a locking nut, a collet and a tool head.

[0024] A second water inlet hole (111), a second water outlet hole (112) and a clamping hole are provided inside the handle body. The tool (220) is fixedly connected to the handle (110) via a nut (210) and a water stop chuck (200). An internal cooling channel (221) is provided inside the tool (220), and the internal cooling channel (221) is connected to the second water inlet hole (111) and the second water outlet hole (112) via a water inlet channel (113) and a water outlet channel (114).

[0025] Furthermore, the water inlet sleeve (160) and the water outlet sleeve (170) are respectively provided with a first annular groove (163) and a second annular groove (173), and are sealed by two sealing rings to form an annular structure. The sealing design can ensure that when the handle is rotated to any position, the second water inlet hole (111) and the second water outlet hole (112) are stably connected to the outside world. The structure of the rotating sealing ring can effectively prevent the coolant from leaking to other positions when the handle rotates at high speed, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the cooling system.

[0026] Furthermore, the handle body is provided with two angular contact ball bearings (a first angular contact ball bearing and a second angular contact ball bearing), which are respectively embedded in the water inlet sleeve (160) and the water outlet sleeve (170). The two bearings are located on both sides of the annular groove. The provision of the two bearings can improve the rotation flexibility between the handle (110) and the water inlet sleeve (160) and the water outlet sleeve (170). Sealing rings are provided between the bearings and the annular groove and the connecting hole to ensure sealing in both the upper and lower directions.

[0027] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the water inlet sleeve (160) and the water outlet sleeve (170) do not rotate with the rotation of the knife handle (110), a positioning screw (220) is provided to fix the water inlet sleeve and the water outlet sleeve. The positioning groove on the knife handle (110) and the axial elastic retaining ring (180) work together to effectively fix the displacement of the water inlet sleeve (160) and the water outlet sleeve (170) in the axial direction.

[0028] Furthermore, the tool (220) is fixedly connected to the tool handle (110) via a water stop chuck (190) and a locking nut (200). The locking nut (200) can be rotated at a certain angle to connect the inner cooling hole of the tool with the water inlet channel and the water outlet channel, and maintain the connection state during operation.

[0029] Furthermore, the coolant passes through the first water inlet hole (162), the first annular groove (163) and the second water inlet hole (111) in sequence, and enters the water inlet channel (113). After the coolant circulates once through the internal cooling channel (211) inside the tool, it flows into the water outlet channel (114). Finally, the coolant flows out through the second water outlet hole (112), the second annular groove (173) and the first water outlet hole (172), thereby achieving effective circulation of the coolant and cooling effect.

[0030] Furthermore, the inner cooling channel (211) inside the tool adopts a spiral design, which maximizes the effective area of ​​the channel, allowing more coolant to pass through, thereby improving the cooling effect. Through this design, the coolant can absorb the heat on the surface of the tool and effectively discharge it, achieving an ideal cooling effect.

[0031] Furthermore, in the present invention, the tool internal cooling channel (211) adopts a TPMS structure (e.g., a Gyroid structure). The structure optimizes the permeability of the cooling channel and improves the heat exchange efficiency between the fluid and the solid surface by designing the size, wall thickness, porosity and other parameters of different cells. Since the porous structure provides more heat exchange surfaces, the convective heat exchange performance between the coolant and the tool surface can be significantly enhanced. Compared with the traditional internal coolant channel, the TPMS structure has better strength performance and can better meet the requirements for strength and heat dissipation performance in dry cutting.

Claims

1. The present invention relates to a novel internal circulation cooling system, which specifically includes an external cooling to internal cooling circulation cooling tool holder and a circulation internal cooling tool based on a porous structure design. The tool holder includes a water inlet and a water outlet, and two sealing grooves are formed by four sealing rings, so that the coolant can be converted from external cooling to an internal circulation cooling channel. The coolant can flow freely in the tool holder and the tool.

2. According to claim 1, the cyclic internal cooling tool based on the porous structure design, the tool redesigns the internal channel based on the porous structure, and the internal channel designed on the basis of the porous structure has high thermal conductivity and high strength. The tool adopts the TPMS porous structure (topology optimization structure) design to improve cooling efficiency and strength.

3. According to the circulating internal cooling tool based on the porous structure design as described in claim 1, this channel adopts a spiral design, the spiral angle is consistent with the spiral angle of the tool, the coolant circulation area is larger, thereby improving the cooling effect. The circulating cooling channel in the present invention is suitable for the design of milling cutters, drill bits and other tools.

4. The cyclic internal cooling tool based on the porous structure design according to claim 1 is processed by additive manufacturing using 3D printing technology (selective laser melting technology, SLM). The tool material is 45 steel, which is precisely manufactured by 3D printing technology to achieve a complex design of the internal channel.

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