Rotary swing mechanism of laser cutting head

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cutting head rotating and swinging mechanism which comprises a sliding rail, a laser cutting head and a rotating and swinging mechanism. A liftable swing assembly is arranged in the sliding block. A laser head is arranged in the swing assembly, and a reflection strip is arranged on one side of the laser head. The swing assembly comprises a support, the back face of the support is in sliding connection with the sliding block, a center column is rotationally arranged in the center of the support, the laser head is arranged at the bottom of the center column, and a first gear is fixedly connected to the top of the center column. The two sides of the laser head are rotationally connected to the bottom of the central column, and a bevel gear is fixed in a rotating shaft on one side of the laser head; the center column is rotationally sleeved with a sleeve, a bevel gear ring is fixed to the bottom of the sleeve, the bevel gear ring is meshed with the bevel gear, and a second gear is fixed to the top of the sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser cutting, in particular to a rotating and swinging mechanism of a laser cutting head. Background Art

[0002] Laser cutting technology, as an important technology in modern manufacturing, is widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, electronic appliances, medical equipment and other fields due to its high precision, high efficiency, non-contact processing and easy automation and intelligent control. The basic principle of laser cutting is to use a high-power density laser beam to irradiate the surface of the workpiece, so that the material quickly melts, vaporizes, evaporates or reaches the ignition point, and at the same time uses high-speed airflow to blow away the molten material, thereby achieving the purpose of cutting.

[0003] In the laser cutting process, the motion trajectory and posture of the laser cutting head are crucial to the cutting quality. In order to achieve more complex and fine cutting patterns, the laser cutting head not only needs to be able to move linearly along the X, Y, and Z axes, but also needs to be able to rotate and swing. The rotation and swing function of the laser cutting head enables the laser beam to irradiate the workpiece surface at different angles and postures, thereby meeting the cutting needs of various complex shapes and structures.

[0004] The existing laser cutting head rotation and swing mechanism usually uses a motor directly connected to the laser head to achieve swing. Although this design realizes the swing function of the laser head to a certain extent, it has many shortcomings. First, because the motor is directly connected to the laser head, the center of gravity of the laser head deviates from the center and the force is unbalanced, which not only affects the accuracy and stability of laser cutting, but also accelerates the wear of the laser head and related components, reducing the service life.

[0005] Secondly, the swing angle of the existing laser cutting head rotation swing mechanism is limited. Since a certain safety distance needs to be maintained between the laser head and the object to be cut to avoid the laser beam colliding with the object during the cutting process, when the swing angle is too large, the height of the laser head will be too low, and it may even fail to complete the cutting task. In addition, the swing angle of the existing mechanism is usually not equal to or greater than the flat angle, which limits the cutting ability of the laser cutting head at certain specific angles.

[0006] In summary, although the existing laser cutting head rotation and swing mechanism has realized the swing function of the laser head to a certain extent, it has shortcomings such as deviation of the center of gravity, unbalanced force, and limited swing angle. Therefore, researching and developing a new laser cutting head rotation and swing mechanism is of great significance for improving the accuracy and flexibility of laser cutting and expanding the application field of laser cutting technology. Summary of the invention

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a laser cutting head rotating and swinging mechanism, comprising:

[0008] A slide rail, wherein a slider is slidably arranged on the slide rail;

[0009] The slider is provided with a swing component that can be raised and lowered;

[0010] A laser head is arranged in the swing assembly, and a reflection strip is arranged on one side of the laser head;

[0011] The swing assembly includes a bracket, the back of the bracket is slidably connected to the slider, a central column is rotatably arranged at the center of the bracket, the laser head is arranged at the bottom of the central column, and a first gear is fixedly connected to the top of the central column.

[0012] The two sides of the laser head are rotatably connected to the bottom of the central column, and a bevel gear is fixed in the rotating shaft on one side of the laser head;

[0013] A sleeve is provided on the outer rotating sleeve of the central column, a bevel gear ring is fixed on the bottom of the sleeve, the bevel gear ring is meshed with the bevel gear, and a second gear is fixed on the top of the sleeve.

[0014] A swing arm is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the central column, the swing plane of the swing arm is the same as the swing plane of the laser head, and the reflective strip is fixed at the lower end of the swing arm.

[0015] The swing arm is also provided with a slide groove, in which a connecting block is slidably and rotatably provided;

[0016] A rotating ring is rotatably provided on the outer wall of the sleeve, and a guide screw that runs through the upper and lower parts and is vertical is rotatably provided in the rotating ring, and the guide screw is threadedly connected to the connecting block; a third gear is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating ring, and a threaded barrel is fixed on the upper end of the guide screw, and the threaded barrel is meshed with the third gear.

[0017] The first gear, the second gear and the third gear are all worm gears.

[0018] The bracket is provided with three driving worms which can respectively drive the first gear, the second gear and the third gear.

[0019] A driving device for driving the slider to slide along the slide rail is arranged between the slider and the slide rail, and the driving device is a transmission mechanism driven by an electric lead screw or a stepping motor.

[0020] The swing assembly also includes a lifting mechanism for adjusting the lifting height of the laser head, and the lifting mechanism includes a lifting screw connected to the bracket and a lifting motor driving the lifting screw to rotate.

[0021] The swing assembly also includes a limiting mechanism for limiting the maximum swing angle of the laser head during the swinging process. The limiting mechanism includes a limiting groove arranged at the bottom of the central column and limiting blocks fixed on both sides of the laser head.

[0022] The threaded connection between the guide screw and the connecting block is a self-locking threaded connection to prevent the connecting block from accidentally moving due to vibration or external force when height adjustment is not required.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] In the present invention, the mechanism realizes multi-dimensional adjustment of the laser head in rotation, swing, and the angle and height of the reflective strip through precise mechanical structure design. The multi-degree-of-freedom movement mode enables the laser beam to cut along a more complex trajectory, thereby meeting the cutting requirements of various complex shapes and fine structures. It not only improves the cutting accuracy and quality, but also greatly expands the application field of laser cutting technology.

[0025] In the present invention, the reflective strip design in the mechanism changes the propagation direction of the laser beam, so that the laser can hit the object to be cut at an angle closer to the horizontal. This feature is particularly suitable for cutting the lateral position of the object, and effectively solves the problem that the existing laser cutting technology has poor cutting effect at certain specific angles. At the same time, the angle and height of the reflective strip can be adjusted according to the cutting requirements, further enhancing the flexibility and adaptability of cutting.

[0026] In the present invention, the mechanism has a reasonable transmission mode, which ensures the stable connection and smooth movement between the various components and reduces the deviation of the center of gravity, which not only improves the reliability and durability of the mechanism, but also reduces the failure rate and maintenance cost. At the same time, the structural design of the mechanism is compact and reasonable, making the entire device more stable and accurate during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rotating and swinging mechanism of a laser cutting head;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the swing assembly;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the swing component;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the laser head directly hitting the object;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the laser head hitting an object after being reflected by the reflective strip;

[0032] In the figure: 1. slide rail; 2. slider; 3. swing assembly; 31. bracket; 32. center column; 33. first gear; 34. bevel gear ring; 35. sleeve; 36. second gear; 37. swing arm; 38. slide groove; 39. connecting block; 310. guide screw; 311. rotating ring; 312. third gear; 313. threaded barrel; 4. laser head; 41. bevel gear; 5. reflection strip; 6. driving worm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] See also Figure 1 In an embodiment of the present invention, a laser cutting head rotating and swinging mechanism includes:

[0034] A slide rail 1, wherein a slider 2 is slidably arranged in the slide rail 1;

[0035] The slider 2 is provided with a swing component 3 that can be raised and lowered;

[0036] The swing assembly 3 is provided with a laser head 4, and a reflection strip 5 is provided on one side of the laser head 4;

[0037] The swing assembly 3 includes a bracket 31, the back of the bracket 31 is slidably connected to the slider 2, a center column 32 is rotatably arranged at the center of the bracket 31, the laser head 4 is arranged at the bottom of the center column 32, and a first gear 33 is fixedly connected to the top of the center column 32. In other words, the laser head 4 can be rotated by rotating the first gear 33.

[0038] The two sides of the laser head 4 are rotatably connected to the bottom of the central column 32, and a bevel gear 41 is fixed in the rotating shaft on one side of the laser head 4;

[0039] A sleeve 35 is rotatably sleeved outside the central column 32 , a bevel gear ring 34 is fixed to the bottom of the sleeve 35 , the bevel gear ring 34 is meshed with the bevel gear 41 , and a second gear 36 is fixed to the top of the sleeve 35 .

[0040] That is, by rotating the second gear 36 , the laser head 4 can be swung so that the emitted laser light has a certain angle.

[0041] A swing arm 37 is rotatably provided at the bottom of the central column 32 . The swing plane of the swing arm 37 is the same as the swing plane of the laser head 4 . The reflective strip 5 is fixed at the lower end of the swing arm 37 .

[0042] The inclination angle and position of the reflective strip 5 can be changed by rotating the swing arm 37. When the laser emitted by the laser head 4 intersects with the reflective strip 5, the reflective strip 5 can reflect the laser so that the laser can hit the object to be cut at an angle closer to the horizontal, thereby cutting the lateral position of the object.

[0043] The swing arm 37 is further provided with a slide groove 38, and a connecting block 39 is slidably and rotatably provided in the slide groove 38;

[0044] A rotating ring 311 is rotatably provided on the outer wall of the sleeve 35, and a guide screw 310 that runs through the upper and lower parts and is vertical is rotatably provided in the rotating ring 311, and the guide screw 310 is threadedly connected to the connecting block 39; a third gear 312 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating ring 311, and a threaded barrel 313 is fixed to the upper end of the guide screw 310, and the threaded barrel 313 is meshed with the third gear 312.

[0045] That is to say, by rotating the third gear 312, the guide screw 310 can be rotated, thereby changing the height of the connecting block 39, and then the connecting block 39 slides in the slide groove 38 and drives the swing arm 37 and the reflection bar 5 to swing.

[0046] The first gear 33 , the second gear 36 , and the third gear 312 are all worm gears.

[0047] The bracket 31 is provided with three driving worm gears 6 which can drive the first gear 33 , the second gear 36 , and the third gear 312 respectively.

[0048] A driving device for driving the slider 2 to slide along the slide rail 1 is arranged between the slider 2 and the slide rail 1. The driving device is a transmission mechanism driven by an electric lead screw or a stepping motor.

[0049] The swing assembly 3 also includes a lifting mechanism for adjusting the lifting height of the laser head 4. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting screw connected to the bracket 31 and a lifting motor for driving the lifting screw to rotate.

[0050] The swing assembly 3 also includes a limiting mechanism for limiting the maximum swing angle of the laser head 4 during the swinging process, and the limiting mechanism includes a limiting groove arranged at the bottom of the central column 32 and limiting blocks fixed on both sides of the laser head 4. Since the limiting blocks can only move in the limiting grooves, the rotation angle of the laser head 4 is limited.

[0051] The threaded connection between the guide screw 310 and the connecting block 39 is a self-locking threaded connection to prevent the connecting block 39 from accidentally moving due to vibration or external force when the height adjustment is not required.

[0052] The specific implementation includes:

[0053] Laser head rotation adjustment:

[0054] The first gear 33 is driven to rotate by driving the worm, thereby driving the center column 32 and the laser head 4 to rotate. According to the cutting requirements, the rotation angle of the laser head 4 is adjusted to ensure that the laser beam can cut in a predetermined direction.

[0055] Laser head swing adjustment:

[0056] The second gear 36 is driven to rotate relative to the first gear 33 by driving the worm, thereby driving the sleeve 35 and the bevel gear ring 34 to rotate. The bevel gear ring 34 meshes with the bevel gear 41 on one side of the laser head 4, thereby driving the laser head 4 to swing at the bottom of the center column 32. According to the cutting requirements, the swing angle of the laser head 4 is adjusted so that the laser beam can be shot at a certain angle to the object to be cut.

[0057] Reflector strip angle and height adjustment:

[0058] The third gear 312 is driven to rotate relative to the second gear 36 by driving the worm, thereby driving the rotating ring 311 and the guide screw 310 to rotate. The guide screw 310 is threadedly connected to the connecting block 39, so as the guide screw 310 rotates, the connecting block 39 will slide in the slide groove 38 and rise or fall. The sliding of the connecting block 39 will drive the swing arm 37 and the reflective bar 5 to swing together, thereby changing the inclination angle and position of the reflective bar 5. According to the cutting requirements, the angle and height of the reflective bar 5 are adjusted so that the laser beam can hit the object to be cut at an angle closer to the horizontal after reflection, so as to achieve cutting in a horizontal position.

[0059] What has been described above are only preferred specific implementations of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can make equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser cutting head rotating and swinging mechanism, characterized in that: include: A slide rail (1), wherein a slider (2) is slidably arranged in the slide rail (1); The slider (2) is provided with a swing component (3) that can be raised and lowered; The swing assembly (3) is provided with a laser head (4), and a reflection strip (5) is provided on one side of the laser head (4); The swing assembly (3) comprises a bracket (31), the back side of the bracket (31) is slidably connected to the slider (2), a center column (32) is rotatably arranged at the center of the bracket (31), the laser head (4) is arranged at the bottom of the center column (32), and a first gear (33) is fixedly connected to the top of the center column (32).

2. The laser cutting head rotating and swinging mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the laser head (4) are rotatably connected to the bottom of the central column (32), and a bevel gear (41) is fixed in the rotating shaft on one side of the laser head (4); A sleeve (35) is rotatably sleeved outside the center column (32), a bevel gear ring (34) is fixed to the bottom of the sleeve (35), the bevel gear ring (34) is meshed with the bevel gear (41), and a second gear (36) is fixed to the top of the sleeve (35).

3. The laser cutting head rotating and swinging mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A swing arm (37) is rotatably provided at the bottom of the central column (32); the swing plane of the swing arm (37) is the same as the swing plane of the laser head (4); and the reflection strip (5) is fixed to the lower end of the swing arm (37).

4. The laser cutting head rotating and swinging mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The swing arm (37) is further provided with a slide groove (38), and a connecting block (39) is slidably and rotatably provided in the slide groove (38); A rotating ring (311) is rotatably provided on the outer wall of the sleeve (35), and a vertical guide screw (310) is rotatably provided in the rotating ring (311), and the guide screw (310) is threadedly connected to the connecting block (39); a third gear (312) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotating ring (311), and a threaded barrel (313) is fixed to the upper end of the guide screw (310), and the threaded barrel (313) is meshed with the third gear (312).

5. The laser cutting head rotating and swinging mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first gear (33), the second gear (36) and the third gear (312) are all worm gears.

6. The laser cutting head rotating and swinging mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bracket (31) is provided with three driving worms capable of respectively driving a first gear (33), a second gear (36), and a third gear (312).

7. The laser cutting head rotating and swinging mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driving device for driving the slider (2) to slide along the slider (1) is provided between the slider (2) and the slider rail (1); the driving device is a transmission mechanism driven by an electric lead screw or a stepping motor.

8. The laser cutting head rotating and swinging mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing assembly (3) also includes a lifting mechanism for adjusting the lifting height of the laser head (4), and the lifting mechanism includes a lifting screw connected to the bracket (31) and a lifting motor for driving the lifting screw to rotate.

9. The laser cutting head rotating and swinging mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The swing assembly (3) also includes a limiting mechanism for limiting the maximum swing angle of the laser head (4) during the swinging process, and the limiting mechanism includes a limiting groove arranged at the bottom of the central column (32) and limiting blocks fixed on both sides of the laser head (4).

10. The laser cutting head rotating and swinging mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The threaded connection between the guide screw (310) and the connection block (39) is a self-locking threaded connection to prevent the connection block (39) from accidentally moving due to vibration or external force when height adjustment is not required.

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