Backboard material for photovoltaic module, preparation method of backboard material and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a backboard material for a photovoltaic module, a preparation method of the backboard material and the photovoltaic module. The backboard material comprises a water blocking layer, a reinforcing layer and a weather-proof layer which are sequentially arranged in a stacked mode. Wherein the waterproof layer comprises a resin layer, an inorganic silicon layer and an organic silicon layer which are sequentially stacked, and the organic silicon layer is arranged on the surface, away from the weather-proof layer, of the enhancement layer; the reinforcing layer comprises a fiber skeleton and matrix resin distributed in the fiber skeleton. The photovoltaic module comprising the backboard material has good water vapor barrier ability and weather resistance, and the preparation process is simple and easy to carry out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a backboard material for a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof, and a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] Traditional components generally use glass as the packaging material, but with the trend of increasingly wide applications in photovoltaics, glass can no longer meet existing packaging requirements. Currently, composite polymer materials are commonly used instead of glass to package photovoltaic components.

[0003] Although polymer front and rear panel materials have advantages such as light weight and wide application range, they still have problems such as poor impact resistance and low water vapor barrier ability during actual outdoor use. Although there are corresponding solutions on the market, they are relatively complex processes and poor performance reliability. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art to at least a certain extent. To this end, the present invention provides a backboard material for a photovoltaic module and a preparation method thereof, and a photovoltaic module, wherein the backboard material has good water vapor barrier capability and weather resistance, and the preparation process is simple and easy to carry out.

[0005] To this end, the first aspect of the present invention provides a backsheet material for a photovoltaic module, comprising a water-blocking layer, a reinforcement layer and a weather-resistant layer stacked in sequence;

[0006] in,

[0007] The water-blocking layer comprises a resin layer, an inorganic silicon layer and an organic silicon layer which are stacked in sequence, and the organic silicon layer is arranged on the surface of the reinforcement layer away from the weather-resistant layer;

[0008] The reinforcement layer includes a fiber skeleton and a main resin distributed in the fiber skeleton.

[0009] The water-blocking layer in the backplane material provided by the present invention can be directly compounded with the reinforcing layer, eliminating the adhesive material of the intermediate layer, reducing costs while also reducing the corresponding production processes. At the same time, the water-blocking layer includes a resin layer, an inorganic silicon layer and an organic silicon layer, which can have good compatibility with the main resin in the reinforcing layer, thereby improving the interlayer adhesion ability and reducing the risk of delamination caused by the difference in interlayer thickness and the difference in material rigidity and flexibility between the reinforcing layer and the water-blocking layer. In addition, the presence of the water-blocking layer can also reduce the water vapor permeability of the material, and combined with the weather-resistant layer, the weather resistance of the photovoltaic module during operation can be further improved, the efficiency of the photovoltaic module during operation can be guaranteed, and the price of the photovoltaic module can be further reduced.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fiber skeleton is selected from at least one of glass fiber, carbon fiber and aramid fiber.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the main resin is selected from at least one of silicone-modified polyethylene, silicone-modified polypropylene, silicone-modified polyacrylate, and silicone-modified polyurethane.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the mass percentage of the main resin in the reinforcement layer is 20%-40%.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reinforcement layer further includes an antioxidant, a coupling agent and a curing agent, and the antioxidant, the coupling agent and the curing agent are distributed in the main resin.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the antioxidant is selected from hindered phenol antioxidants, preferably at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfide, and pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the coupling agent is selected from at least one of a silane coupling agent, an aluminate coupling agent, and a titanate coupling agent.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the curing agent is selected from at least one of amino resin curing agents, isocyanate esters, and aliphatic aldehyde curing agents.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the main resin, antioxidant, coupling agent and curing agent is 100:(1-10):(1-10):(1-5).

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the water vapor permeability of the water-blocking layer is 10 -1 ~10 -3 g / (m 2 ×d).

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the resin layer is selected from at least one of polyethylene terephthalate and polycarbonate.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the inorganic silicon layer is selected from at least one of silicon nitride and silicon oxide.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the organic silicon layer is selected from at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene dimethylsiloxane, polyoxypropylene dimethylsiloxane and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether polydimethylsiloxane.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the weather-resistant layer is selected from at least one of FEVE, PVDF, and ETFE.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the backplane material satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0024] The thickness of the water-blocking layer is 10-50 μm;

[0025] The thickness of the weather-resistant layer is 5-50 μm.

[0026] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the backplane material according to the first aspect, comprising:

[0027] preparing a reinforcement layer;

[0028] Preparing a water-blocking layer, including sequentially preparing a resin layer, an inorganic silicon layer and an organic silicon layer, and laminating the organic silicon layer to one side of the reinforcing layer;

[0029] A weather-resistant layer is prepared on the side of the reinforcement layer away from the organic silicon layer.

[0030] Thus, a backplane material with good water vapor barrier capability and weather resistance is obtained, and the preparation method is simple and easy, eliminating the need for the preparation of an intermediate layer between the reinforcement layer and the water-blocking layer, thus simplifying the production process.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reinforcing layer is obtained by the following impregnation step: placing the fiber skeleton in an impregnation liquid and drying the fiber skeleton to obtain the reinforcing layer. Thus, the reinforcing layer with water-blocking capability can be formed by pre-impregnation without the need to composite the reinforcing layer and the water-blocking layer again.

[0032] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the impregnation liquid includes the main resin, a solvent, the antioxidant, the coupling agent and the curing agent.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the solvent is selected from at least one of toluene, xylene, organic ether and dichloromethane.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the main resin, the solvent, the antioxidant, the coupling agent and the curing agent is 100:(20-30):(1-10):(1-10):(1-5).

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the drying process is performed at 100-150° C. for 1-5 minutes.

[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method further includes at least one of the following conditions:

[0037] (1) performing at least one of plasma treatment and corona treatment on a surface of the resin layer away from the inorganic silicon layer;

[0038] (2) The lamination conditions are 120-180° C. and 1-3 hours;

[0039] (3) coating a weather-resistant layer slurry on a side of the reinforcement layer away from the organic silicon layer, and drying the slurry at 150-170° C. for 1-5 min to obtain the weather-resistant layer.

[0040] A third aspect of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, comprising a front plate, a first adhesive film layer, a battery cell, a second adhesive film layer and a back plate;

[0041] The backplane is the backplane material described in the first aspect or the backplane material obtained according to the preparation method described in the second aspect.

[0042] As a result, the photovoltaic module has good water vapor barrier capability and weather resistance, which ensures the efficiency of the photovoltaic module during operation and further reduces the price of the photovoltaic module.

[0043] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0045] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the backboard material for photovoltaic modules provided by the present invention is shown.

[0046] Reference numerals:

[0047] Back panel material 100 , water-blocking layer 110 , resin layer 111 , inorganic silicon layer 112 , organic silicon layer 113 , reinforcement layer 120 , weather-resistant layer 130 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Further, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0050] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed in this article are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of each range, the endpoint values ​​of each range and the individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed in this article.

[0051] In order to make the present invention more easily understood, certain technical and scientific terms are specifically defined below. Unless otherwise clearly defined elsewhere in this document, all other technical and scientific terms used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0052] In this document, the terms “include” or “comprising” are open expressions, that is, including the contents specified in the present invention but not excluding other contents.

[0053] As used herein, the terms "optionally", "optional" or "optionally" generally mean that the subsequently described event or circumstance may but need not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event or circumstance occurs and instances where it does not.

[0054] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a back sheet material 100 for a photovoltaic module, comprising a water-blocking layer 110, a reinforcement layer 120 and a weather-resistant layer 130 stacked in sequence;

[0055] in,

[0056] The water-blocking layer 110 includes a resin layer 111, an inorganic silicon layer 112 and an organic silicon layer 113 which are stacked in sequence, and the organic silicon layer 113 is disposed on the surface of the reinforcement layer 120 away from the weather-resistant layer 130;

[0057] The reinforcement layer 120 includes a fiber skeleton and a main resin distributed in the fiber skeleton.

[0058] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the type of the fiber skeleton is not particularly limited. Some specific examples include but are not limited to high-performance fiber materials such as glass fiber, carbon fiber, and aramid fiber.

[0059] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the type of the main resin is not particularly limited. Some specific examples include but are not limited to silicone-modified polyethylene, silicone-modified polypropylene, silicone-modified polyacrylate, silicone-modified polyurethane, etc.

[0060] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mass percentage of the main resin in the reinforcement layer 120 is 20%-40%. As some specific examples, the mass percentage of the main resin in the reinforcement layer 120 is 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 37%, 38, 39%, 40%, etc.

[0061] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the reinforcement layer 120 further includes an antioxidant, a coupling agent, a curing agent, etc., and the antioxidant, the coupling agent and the curing agent are distributed in the main resin.

[0062] Specifically, the type of the antioxidant is not particularly limited. Some specific examples include but are not limited to hindered phenol antioxidants, such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfide, pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate, and the like.

[0063] Specifically, the type of the coupling agent is not particularly limited, and some specific examples include but are not limited to silane coupling agents, aluminate coupling agents, titanate coupling agents, and the like.

[0064] Specifically, the type of the curing agent is not particularly limited, and some specific examples include but are not limited to amino resin curing agents (such as urethane), isocyanate, aliphatic aldehyde curing agents, and the like.

[0065] Specifically, the mass ratio of the main resin, antioxidant, coupling agent and curing agent is not particularly limited. As some specific examples, the mass ratio of the main resin, antioxidant, coupling agent and curing agent is 100:(1-10):(1-10):(1-5). For example, the mass ratio of the main resin, antioxidant, coupling agent and curing agent is 100:1:1:1, 100:1:2:2, 100:1:5:1, 100:1:5:5, 100:5:1:1, 100:5:1:5, 100:10:1:1, 100:10:10:5, etc.

[0066] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the water vapor permeability of the water-blocking layer 110 is -1 ~10 -3 g / (m 2 ×d), as some specific examples, the water vapor permeability of the water-blocking layer 110 -1 g / (m 2 ×d)、10 -2 g / (m 2 ×d)、10 -3 g / (m 2 ×d) etc.

[0067] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the material of the resin layer 111 is not particularly limited. Some specific examples include but are not limited to polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, and the like.

[0068] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the material of the inorganic silicon layer 112 is not particularly limited, and some specific examples include but are not limited to silicon nitride, silicon oxide, and the like.

[0069] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the material of the organic silicon layer 113 is not particularly limited. Some specific examples include but are not limited to polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene dimethylsiloxane, polyoxypropylene dimethylsiloxane, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether polydimethylsiloxane, etc.

[0070] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the material of the weather-resistant layer 130 is not particularly limited. Some specific examples include but are not limited to FEVE (fluorocarbon resin), PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer), etc.

[0071] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the backplane material 100 satisfies at least one of the following conditions:

[0072] The thickness of the water-blocking layer 110 is 10-50 μm;

[0073] The thickness of the weather-resistant layer 130 is 5-50 μm.

[0074] Specifically, as some specific examples, the thickness of the water blocking layer 110 may be 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm, 50 μm, etc.

[0075] Specifically, as some specific examples, the thickness of the weather-resistant layer 130 may be 5 μm, 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm, 50 μm, etc.

[0076] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the backplane material according to the first aspect, comprising:

[0077] (1) The reinforcement layer 120 is prepared.

[0078] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the reinforcing layer 120 is not particularly limited. For example, it can be prepared by an impregnation method, that is, the fiber skeleton is placed in an impregnation liquid, and the reinforcing layer 120 is obtained by drying. In this way, the reinforcing layer 120 with water-blocking ability can be integrally formed, and there is no need to compound the reinforcing layer and the water-blocking layer. At the same time, the adhesive material of the intermediate layer is omitted, thereby reducing the production process.

[0079] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the impregnation liquid includes the main resin, solvent, antioxidant, coupling agent and curing agent. The types of the main resin, antioxidant, coupling agent and curing agent are as described above and will not be repeated here. The choice of solvent is not particularly limited. As some specific examples, it includes but is not limited to toluene, xylene, organic ether, dichloromethane, etc. The mass ratio of the main resin, solvent, antioxidant, coupling agent and curing agent is not particularly limited. As some specific examples, the mass ratio of the main resin, solvent, antioxidant, coupling agent and curing agent is 100:(20-30):(1-10):(1-10):(1-5), such as 100:20:1:1:1, 100:20:5:5:1, 100:20:1:1:5, 100:25:3:5:1, 100:30:10:10:5, etc.

[0080] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature and time of the drying treatment are not particularly limited, that is, the solvent is volatilized, and the main resin is initially cross-linked and cured to be slightly sticky on the surface. As some specific examples, the temperature of the drying treatment is 100-150°C, such as 100°C, 110°C, 120°C, 130°C, 140°C, 150°C, etc.; the time of the drying treatment is 1-5min, such as 1min, 2min, 3min, 4min, 5min, etc.

[0081] (2) preparing the water-blocking layer 110 , including sequentially preparing the resin layer 111 , the inorganic silicon layer 112 , and the organic silicon layer 113 , and laminating the organic silicon layer 113 to one side of the reinforcing layer 120 .

[0082] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the water-blocking layer 110 is based on the resin layer 111, which has good compatibility with the reinforcing layer 120 (which contains the main resin), further improving the adhesion between the layers and reducing the risk of delamination between the water-blocking layer 110 and the reinforcing layer 120. In addition, the inorganic silicon layer 112 can be used as an inorganic water-blocking coating, and the organic silicon layer 113 can be used as a polymer protective layer, thereby improving the water vapor barrier ability of the material.

[0083] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the preparation of the inorganic silicon layer 112 is not particularly limited, and as some specific examples, includes but is not limited to coating the inorganic silicon layer 112 on the resin layer 111 by vacuum evaporation, chemical vapor deposition, magnetron sputtering, etc. The preparation of the organic silicon layer 113 is not particularly limited, and as some specific examples, includes but is not limited to coating, printing, etc.

[0084] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the preparation of the water-blocking layer 110 may further include: performing plasma treatment, corona treatment, etc. on the surface of the resin layer 111 away from the inorganic silicon layer 112, thereby improving the peeling ability of the resin layer and the adhesive film after lamination.

[0085] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the bonding method of the silicone layer 113 and one side of the reinforcement layer 120 is not particularly limited. As some specific examples, it can be done by lamination, the lamination temperature can be 120-180°C, for example, 120°C, 130°C, 140°C, 150°C, 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, etc., and the lamination time can be 1-3h, for example, 1h, 2h, 3h, etc.

[0086] (3) A weather-resistant layer 130 is prepared on the side of the reinforcement layer 120 away from the organic silicon layer 113 .

[0087] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the weather-resistant layer 130 is not particularly limited. As some specific examples, the weather-resistant layer slurry can be coated on the side of the reinforcement layer 120 away from the silicone layer 113 by means of anilox coating, comma coating, extrusion coating, screen printing, etc., and then dried and cured. The drying temperature and time are not particularly limited. As some specific examples, the drying temperature is 150-170°C, such as 150°C, 160°C, 170°C, etc.; the drying time is 1-5min, such as 1min, 2min, 3min, 4min, 5min, etc.

[0088] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a third aspect of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, including a front plate, a first adhesive film layer, a battery cell, a second adhesive film layer and a back plate;

[0089] The backplane is the backplane material described in the first aspect or the backplane material obtained according to the preparation method described in the second aspect.

[0090] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the resin layer in the backplane is in contact with the second adhesive film layer.

[0091] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the selection of the front panel, the first adhesive film layer, the battery cell, and the second adhesive film layer is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art may make reasonable selections according to circumstances.

[0092] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the photovoltaic module is also not particularly limited, and the photovoltaic module can be obtained by laminating the front panel, the first adhesive film layer, the battery cell, the second adhesive film layer and the back panel in this order.

[0093] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the lamination conditions are not particularly limited. As some specific examples, the lamination temperature may be 140-150°C, for example, 140°C, 141°C, 142°C, 143°C, 144°C, 145°C, 146°C, 147°C, 148°C, 149°C, 150°C, etc.; the lamination time may be 10-20min, for example, 10min, 11min, 12min, 13min, 14min, 15min, 16min, 17min, 18min, 19min, 20min, etc.

[0094] The scheme of the present invention will be explained below in conjunction with the embodiments. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. Where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated in the embodiments, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this area or the product specifications are used. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer and are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0095] Example 1

[0096] 1) Pre-impregnating the glass fiber cloth into a silicone-modified polypropylene resin solution, wherein the main components of the solution are silicone-modified polyacrylate, dichloromethane, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, silane coupling agent, and isocyanate, and the mass ratio is 100:20:1:1.5:1. The glass fiber cloth impregnated with the solution is treated in an oven at 120°C for 3 minutes to obtain a reinforcing layer with a slightly sticky surface;

[0097] 2) The water vapor barrier surface of the water barrier layer is laminated with the reinforcement layer, and a water-blocking glass fiber reinforced material is obtained after lamination at 150°C for 1.5 hours. The substrate of the water barrier layer is polyethylene terephthalate glycol ester, and silicon dioxide is plated on the substrate by magnetron sputtering, with a coating thickness of 0.3 μm. Then, a 0.5 μm thick coating of organic silicone resin is applied on the surface of the inorganic coating layer by an anilox roller coating to obtain a water barrier layer;

[0098] 3) applying the FEVE coating resin on the side of the reinforcement layer away from the water-blocking layer by screen printing, and drying at 150° C. for 2 min to obtain a water-blocking reinforced backsheet with a coating thickness of 15 μm;

[0099] 4) Laminating is performed at 145° C. for 15 minutes according to the structure of front panel / adhesive film / cell sheet / adhesive film / water-blocking reinforced back panel to obtain a photovoltaic module.

[0100] Example 2

[0101] 1) Pre-impregnating the glass fiber cloth into a silicone-modified polypropylene resin solution, wherein the main components of the solution are silicone-modified polyacrylate, dichloromethane, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, silane coupling agent, and isocyanate, and the mass ratio is 100:20:1:1.5:1. The glass fiber cloth impregnated with the solution is treated in an oven at 120°C for 3 minutes to obtain a reinforcing layer with a slightly sticky surface;

[0102] 2) The water vapor barrier surface of the water barrier layer is laminated with the reinforcement layer, and a water-blocking glass fiber reinforced material is obtained after lamination at 150°C for 1.5 hours. The substrate of the water barrier layer is polyethylene terephthalate glycol ester, and silicon dioxide is plated on the substrate by magnetron sputtering, with a coating thickness of 0.05 μm. Then, a 0.5 μm thick coating of organic silicone resin is applied on the surface of the inorganic coating layer by an anilox roller coating to obtain a water barrier layer;

[0103] 3) applying the FEVE coating resin on the side of the reinforcement layer away from the water-blocking layer by screen printing, and drying at 150° C. for 2 min to obtain a water-blocking reinforced backsheet with a coating thickness of 15 μm;

[0104] 4) Laminating is performed at 145° C. for 15 minutes according to the structure of front panel / adhesive film / cell sheet / adhesive film / water-blocking reinforced back panel to obtain a photovoltaic module.

[0105] Example 3

[0106] 1) Pre-impregnating the glass fiber cloth into a silicone-modified polypropylene resin solution, wherein the main components of the solution are silicone-modified polyacrylate, dichloromethane, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, silane coupling agent, and isocyanate, and the mass ratio is 100:20:1:1.5:1. The glass fiber cloth impregnated with the solution is treated in an oven at 120°C for 3 minutes to obtain a reinforcing layer with a slightly sticky surface;

[0107] 2) The water vapor barrier surface of the water barrier layer is laminated with the reinforcement layer, and a water-blocking glass fiber reinforced material is obtained after lamination at 150°C for 1.5 hours. The substrate of the water barrier layer is polyethylene terephthalate glycol ester, and silicon dioxide is plated on the substrate by vacuum evaporation, with a coating thickness of 0.3 μm. Then, a 0.5 μm thick coating of organic silicone resin is applied on the surface of the inorganic coating layer by an anilox roller coating to obtain a water barrier layer;

[0108] 3) applying the FEVE coating resin on the side of the reinforcement layer away from the water-blocking layer by screen printing, and drying at 150° C. for 2 min to obtain a water-blocking reinforced backsheet with a coating thickness of 15 μm;

[0109] 4) Laminating is performed at 145° C. for 15 minutes according to the structure of front panel / adhesive film / cell sheet / adhesive film / water-blocking reinforced back panel to obtain a photovoltaic module.

[0110] Comparative Example 1

[0111] 1) Pre-impregnating the glass fiber cloth into a silicone-modified polypropylene resin solution, wherein the main components of the solution are silicone-modified polyacrylate, dichloromethane, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, silane coupling agent, and isocyanate, and the mass ratio is 100:20:1:1.5:1. The glass fiber cloth impregnated with the solution is treated in an oven at 120°C for 3 minutes to obtain a reinforcing layer with a slightly sticky surface;

[0112] 2) After lamination at 150°C for 1.5h, a glass fiber reinforced material is obtained;

[0113] 3) The substrate of the water-blocking layer is polyethylene terephthalate, and silicon dioxide is plated on the substrate by magnetron sputtering, with a coating thickness of 0.3 μm. Then, a coating of 0.5 μm thick of organic silicone resin is coated on the surface of the inorganic coating layer by anilox roller coating to obtain a water-blocking layer;

[0114] 4) coating the surface of the glass fiber reinforced material with polyurethane glue by screen printing, drying at 100° C. for 0.5 min, laminating the water-blocking layer to the glass fiber reinforced material, and obtaining the water-blocking glass fiber reinforced material after aging;

[0115] 5) applying the FEVE coating resin on the side of the water-blocking glass fiber reinforced material away from the water-blocking layer by screen printing, and drying at 150° C. for 2 min to obtain a water-blocking reinforced backplane with a coating thickness of 15 μm;

[0116] 6) Lamination is performed at 145° C. for 15 minutes to obtain a photovoltaic module according to the structure of front panel / adhesive film / cell sheet / adhesive film / water-blocking reinforced back panel.

[0117] Comparative Example 2

[0118] 1) Pre-impregnating the glass fiber cloth into a silicone-modified polypropylene resin solution, wherein the main components of the solution are silicone-modified polyacrylate, dichloromethane, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, silane coupling agent, and isocyanate, and the mass ratio is 100:20:1:1.5:1. The glass fiber cloth impregnated with the solution is treated in an oven at 120°C for 3 minutes to obtain a reinforcing layer with a slightly sticky surface;

[0119] 2) After lamination at 150 degrees Celsius for 1.5 hours, a glass fiber reinforced material is obtained;

[0120] 3) Applying the FEVE coating resin on one side of the water-blocking glass fiber reinforced material by screen printing, and drying at 150° C. for 2 min to obtain a reinforced backplane with a single-side coating thickness of 15 μm;

[0121] 4) Applying the FEVE coating resin on the other side of the water-blocking glass fiber reinforced material by screen printing, and drying at 150° C. for 2 min to obtain a double-sided coating thickness of 15 μm.

[0122] 5) Laminating is performed at 145° C. for 15 minutes according to the structure of front panel / adhesive film / cell sheet / adhesive film / water-blocking reinforced back panel to obtain a photovoltaic module.

[0123] Test example:

[0124] The water vapor transmission rate, interlayer peeling force and weather resistance of the photovoltaic modules prepared in the embodiment and the comparative example were tested respectively. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0125] The test method of water vapor transmission rate is as follows: Cut 3 samples of a certain size according to the equipment requirements. Test according to the provisions of GB / T26253-2010. Test conditions: temperature: (38±0.5)℃, relative humidity: (90±2)%. Calculate the average of the 3 test results.

[0126] Test method for interlayer peeling force: Cut 5 long strips of test specimens with a width of (10±0.5) mm and a length of 250-300 mm along the longitudinal direction of the backplane. Manually peel off the two layers of material and test according to the provisions of GB / T 2790-1995. Calculate the average value of the 3 test results.

[0127] Power attenuation test method: After the backplane material is made into components according to the corresponding lamination method, the power test is carried out according to the standard power test method of IEC61215-2:2021. At the same time, the damp heat aging method is aged with a cumulative aging dose of 2000h according to the program setting of IEC61215-2:2021. The power test after aging is carried out in the same way, and the power attenuation rate is calculated.

[0128] Table 1

[0129] Experimental groups Water vapor transmission rate (g / ㎡*d) Interlayer peeling force (N / cm) Power attenuation after heat aging Embodiment 1 0.01 Unable to peel off 3％ Embodiment 2 0.04 20 3.5％ Embodiment 3 0.06 25 4％ Comparative Example 1 0.23 5 15％ Comparative Example 2 1.5 / 25％

[0130] The results show that the photovoltaic module prepared by the present invention has a lower water vapor permeability, stronger interlayer adhesion and better weather resistance, which further ensures the efficiency of the photovoltaic module during operation.

[0131] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0132] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A back sheet material for a photovoltaic module, characterized in that: It includes a water-blocking layer, a reinforcing layer and a weather-resistant layer stacked in sequence; in, The water-blocking layer comprises a resin layer, an inorganic silicon layer and an organic silicon layer which are stacked in sequence, and the organic silicon layer is arranged on the surface of the reinforcement layer away from the weather-resistant layer; The reinforcement layer includes a fiber skeleton and a main resin distributed in the fiber skeleton.

2. The backboard material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber skeleton is selected from at least one of glass fiber, carbon fiber and aramid fiber; Optionally, the main resin is selected from at least one of silicone-modified polyethylene, silicone-modified polypropylene, silicone-modified polyacrylate, and silicone-modified polyurethane; Optionally, the mass percentage of the main resin in the reinforcement layer is 20%-40%.

3. The backboard material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing layer further comprises an antioxidant, a coupling agent and a curing agent, and the antioxidant, the coupling agent and the curing agent are distributed in the main resin; Optionally, the antioxidant is selected from hindered phenol antioxidants, preferably at least one of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfide, and pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate; Optionally, the coupling agent is selected from at least one of a silane coupling agent, an aluminate coupling agent, and a titanate coupling agent; Optionally, the curing agent is selected from at least one of an amino resin curing agent, an isocyanate ester, and an aliphatic aldehyde curing agent; Optionally, the mass ratio of the main resin, antioxidant, coupling agent and curing agent is 100:(1-10):(1-10):(1-5).

4. The backboard material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water vapor permeability of the water barrier layer is 10 -1 ~10 - 3 g / (m 2 ×d); Optionally, the material of the resin layer is selected from at least one of polyethylene terephthalate and polycarbonate; Optionally, the material of the inorganic silicon layer is selected from at least one of silicon nitride and silicon oxide; Optionally, the material of the organic silicon layer is at least one selected from polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene dimethylsiloxane, polyoxypropylene dimethylsiloxane, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether polydimethylsiloxane.

5. The backboard material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the weather-resistant layer is selected from at least one of FEVE, PVDF and ETFE.

6. The backboard material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backplane material meets at least one of the following conditions: The thickness of the water-blocking layer is 10-50 μm; The thickness of the weather-resistant layer is 5-50 μm.

7. A method for preparing the backplane material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: preparing a reinforcement layer; Preparing a water-blocking layer, including sequentially preparing a resin layer, an inorganic silicon layer and an organic silicon layer, and laminating the organic silicon layer to one side of the reinforcing layer; A weather-resistant layer is prepared on the side of the reinforcement layer away from the organic silicon layer.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reinforcing layer is obtained by the following impregnation steps: placing the fiber skeleton in an impregnation liquid, and drying the fiber skeleton to obtain the reinforcing layer; Optionally, the impregnation liquid comprises the main resin, a solvent, the antioxidant, the coupling agent and the curing agent; Optionally, the solvent is selected from at least one of toluene, xylene, organic ether, and dichloromethane; Optionally, the mass ratio of the main resin, the solvent, the antioxidant, the coupling agent and the curing agent is 100:(20-30):(1-10):(1-10):(1-5); Optionally, the drying treatment is carried out at 100-150° C. for 1-5 min.

9. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation method further comprises at least one of the following conditions: (1) performing at least one of plasma treatment and corona treatment on a surface of the resin layer away from the inorganic silicon layer; (2) The lamination conditions are 120-180° C. and 1-3 hours; (3) coating a weather-resistant layer slurry on a side of the reinforcement layer away from the organic silicon layer, and drying the slurry at 150-170° C. for 1-5 min to obtain the weather-resistant layer.

10. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that: It includes a front plate, a first adhesive film layer, a battery cell, a second adhesive film layer and a back plate; The backplane is the backplane material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the backplane material obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 7 to 9.

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