Dump truck

Abstract

The dumper comprises a cargo compartment, a movable bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the cargo compartment, the movable bottom plate comprises a first bottom plate beam set and a second bottom plate beam set which are sequentially arranged in a spaced mode from left to right, the dumper is provided with a driving device, and the driving device comprises a rotary driving mechanism and a connecting rod mechanism. The connecting rod mechanisms are connected between the first bottom plate beam group and the rotary driving mechanism and between the second bottom plate beam group and the rotary driving mechanism; and when the rotary driving mechanism rotates, the first bottom plate beam group and the second bottom plate beam group are alternately driven to move forwards through the connecting rod mechanism and then are driven to move backwards synchronously and straightly. According to the dumper, the movable bottom plate formed by splicing the first bottom plate beam set and the second bottom plate beam set is driven through the rod system, goods are gradually moved backwards out of the cargo compartment to be unloaded, the structure is more compact, and the application range is wider.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of freight vehicles, in particular to a dump truck. Background Art

[0002] In order to increase the loading capacity, some dump trucks have longer cargo compartments. When the cargo compartment is lifted to unload, the height of the cargo compartment is very high. At this time, the lateral stability of the vehicle is very poor. The residual cargo in the cargo compartment, uneven road surface and even crosswinds may cause the vehicle to roll over. This lateral rollover is difficult to prevent and control, causing serious damage to people and buildings on both sides of the vehicle, and usually causing the main frame and subframe to be twisted and scrapped. The current common solution is to use a front pusher mechanism to push the cargo backward along the bottom plate to unload the cargo compartment, avoiding lifting the cargo compartment.

[0003] The disadvantage of this front-loading unloading solution is that it can only be used for light-throwing cargo, because heavy-loaded cargo requires too much thrust, and the pusher mechanism is large in size, takes up a lot of front space, is difficult to arrange, affects the loading volume, and also affects the overall strength of the cargo compartment. If a conveyor belt is set at the bottom of the cargo compartment for unloading, the conveyor belt has limited carrying capacity and is easily damaged. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a dump truck, which can realize unloading without lifting the cargo compartment and is suitable for unloading both light-throwing cargo and heavy-loaded cargo.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A dump truck comprises a cargo compartment, the bottom of the cargo compartment is a movable floor, the movable floor comprises a first floor beam group and a second floor beam group arranged in sequence on the left and right, the dump truck is provided with a driving device, the driving device comprises a rotary drive mechanism and a connecting rod mechanism, the connecting rod mechanism is connected between the first floor beam group and the rotary drive mechanism and between the second floor beam group and the rotary drive mechanism, when the rotary drive mechanism rotates, the first floor beam group and the second floor beam group are alternately driven forward by the connecting rod mechanism, and then the first floor beam group and the second floor beam group are driven to move backward synchronously and straightly.

[0006] Furthermore, the rotary drive mechanism is provided with one at the front and one at the rear on the sub-frame of the dump truck, and the connecting rod mechanism is provided with two groups at the front and two groups at the rear; one of the two groups of connecting rod mechanisms located at the front is connected to the first floor beam group, and the other group is connected to the second floor beam group, and the rotary drive mechanism located at the front drives the connecting rod mechanism located at the front connected to the first floor beam group to move; one of the two groups of connecting rod mechanisms located at the rear is connected to the first floor beam group, and the other group is connected to the second floor beam group, and the rotary drive mechanism located at the rear drives the connecting rod mechanism located at the rear connected to the second floor beam group to move.

[0007] Further, the rotary drive mechanism includes a drive shaft, the connecting rod mechanism includes a drive arm, a connecting rod and a rocker arm, the first end of the drive arm is connected to the drive shaft, the second end of the drive arm is hinged to the first end of the connecting rod, the second end of the connecting rod is hinged to the first end of the rocker arm, the second end of the rocker arm is hinged to the subframe, and the middle part of the connecting rod is hinged to the first floor beam group or the second floor beam group.

[0008] Further, the driving arm of the connecting rod mechanism located at the front and connected to the first floor beam group is connected to the driving shaft of the rotating drive mechanism located at the front through a spline, and the driving arm of the connecting rod mechanism located at the rear and connected to the second floor beam group is connected to the driving shaft of the rotating drive mechanism located at the rear through a spline; the driving arm of the connecting rod mechanism located at the front and connected to the second floor beam group is loosely sleeved on the driving shaft of the rotating drive mechanism located at the front, and the driving arm of the connecting rod mechanism located at the rear and connected to the first floor beam is loosely sleeved on the driving shaft of the rotating drive mechanism located at the rear.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotary drive mechanism comprises a motor, a driven gear is arranged on the drive shaft, a driving gear for meshing with the driven gear is arranged on the output shaft of the motor, and a toothless section is arranged on the driving gear to realize intermittent motion of the driven gear.

[0010] Furthermore, the driving arm of the connecting rod mechanism connected to the first floor beam group and the driving arm of the connecting rod mechanism connected to the second floor beam group are separated on the driving shaft by a gasket.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to prevent cargo leakage, an elastic gate plate is provided on the front wall of the cargo compartment, and the elastic gate plate is opposite to the first floor beam group and the second floor beam group one by one, and the lower end of the elastic gate plate is always in contact with the upper surface of the first floor beam group and the second floor beam group.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic gate includes a gate body, the front wall of the cargo compartment is provided with a mounting plate with a guide hole, the upper part of the gate body is passed through the guide hole and can move up and down guided by the guide hole, and a spring is arranged between the gate body and the mounting plate so that the lower end of the gate body is always in contact with the upper surface of the first bottom plate beam group and the second bottom plate beam group.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower end of the gate body is wedge-shaped.

[0014] The advantages of the technical solution provided by the present invention are:

[0015] (1) The movable floor is divided into a first floor beam group and a second floor beam group. The two groups of structures move forward step by step and move backward synchronously to gradually move the goods out of the cargo compartment without lifting the compartment, thereby improving the safety of unloading.

[0016] (2) Two discontinuous rotation drive mechanisms are used to drive the first floor beam group and the second floor beam group to move in a designed manner. The system structure is compact, simple, and easy to maintain. The unloading process does not require the intervention of the driver and is easy to operate.

[0017] (3) Under the action of spring force, the elastic gate plate maintains contact with the movable bottom plate, which can prevent the cargo from leaking from the front wall of the cargo compartment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a dump truck.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable floor of a dump truck when viewed from above.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a top view structural diagram of a subframe with a rotary drive mechanism and a connecting rod mechanism after the cargo compartment of a dump truck is removed.

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of point I.

[0022] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of point II.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination of the rotary drive mechanism and the connecting rod mechanism.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the front wall structure of the cargo compartment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with examples. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading this description, various equivalent modifications to this description by those skilled in the art fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

[0026] Please combine Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the dump truck involved in this embodiment includes a cargo compartment 2 arranged on a sub-frame assembly 1, the bottom of the cargo compartment 2 is a movable floor 3, and a certain space is reserved between the bottom of the cargo compartment 2 and the sub-frame assembly 1 of the dump truck to provide sufficient space for the movable floor 3 and its driving mechanism to move. The cargo compartment 2 is connected to the sub-frame assembly 1 by bolts, and the sub-frame assembly 1 is connected to the main frame by U-bolts.

[0027] The rear end of the cargo compartment 2 is a power-driven rear door panel 11, and cargo is unloaded by opening the power-driven rear door panel 11 and driving the movable bottom plate 3 to move. The structure of the power-driven rear door panel 11 can be the same as that of the rear door panel of the cargo compartment 2 in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

[0028] The movable floor 3 is composed of a number of identical rectangular floor beams, the length direction of which is the front-rear direction of the dump truck, and the floor beams are arranged side by side left and right. Since the two groups of floor beams move in a staggered manner and for the convenience of explanation, the floor beams are divided into a first floor beam group 301 and a second floor beam group 302. The first floor beam group 301 and the second floor beam group 302 are arranged alternately, that is, the two sides of a first floor beam 301 are adjacent to the second floor beam 302, and the two sides of a second floor beam 302 are adjacent to the first floor beam 301.

[0029] A support 303 is welded at the front and rear of the bottom of each first floor beam 301 and the second floor beam 302. The support 303 is used to connect the connecting rod mechanism 5. A rotation drive mechanism 4 is installed on the subframe assembly 1, and the rotation drive mechanism 4 drives the first floor beam group 301 and the second floor beam group 302 to move through the connecting rod mechanism 5.

[0030] Please combine Figures 3 to 6Specifically, the sub-frame assembly 1 includes a cross beam 101, a rocker support 102, a side beam 103, a longitudinal beam 104, etc. Two sets of the rotary drive mechanism 4 are provided, which are respectively located at the front and rear of the sub-frame assembly 1. The rotary drive mechanism 4 includes a hydraulic motor 401, an intermittent gear transmission group and a drive shaft 402. The intermittent gear transmission group includes a driven gear 404 and a driving gear 403. Both ends of the drive shaft 402 are supported on the side beam 103 through bearings, and a flange is welded in the middle, and the flange is connected to the driven gear 404 through bolts. The hydraulic motor 401 is fixedly mounted on the sub-frame assembly 1, and a driving gear 403 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 401. The driving gear 403 meshes with the driven gear 404, wherein a toothless section is provided on the driving gear 403. When the toothless section of the driving gear 403 is opposite to the driven gear 404, the driven gear 404 is locked, that is, the hydraulic motor 401 drives the driven gear 404 to rotate intermittently using the power of the vehicle engine. The hydraulic motors 401 in the two sets of rotating drive mechanisms 4 located at the front and rear rotate synchronously, but the positions of the toothless sections of the front and rear driving gears 403 are different. The central angle of the driving gear 403 corresponding to the specific toothless section is 120°, and the toothless section of the driving gear 403 of the front rotating drive mechanism 4 and the toothless section of the driving gear 403 of the rear rotating drive mechanism 4 have a phase difference of 120° when they rotate. When the driving gear 403 of the front rotary drive mechanism 4 is meshed with the driven gear 404 for transmission, the driving gear 403 of the rear rotary drive mechanism 4 is in a state where the toothless segment locks the driven gear 404. At this time, the front drive shaft 402 rotates, and the rear drive shaft 402 does not rotate. As the front and rear hydraulic motors 401 rotate synchronously through 120°, when the driving gear 403 of the front rotary drive mechanism 4 rotates to a state where the toothless segment locks the driven gear 404, the driving gear 403 of the rear rotary drive mechanism 4 meshes with the driven gear 404 and starts meshing transmission. At this time, the front drive shaft 402 does not rotate, and the rear drive shaft 402 rotates. After the resynchronization rotation of the front and rear hydraulic motors 401 passes through 120°, the driving gear 403 of the front rotary drive mechanism 4 meshes with the driven gear 404 again, and the driving gear 403 of the rear rotary drive mechanism 4 still meshes with the driven gear 404. At this time, both the front and rear drive shafts 402 rotate. After the front and rear hydraulic motors 401 resynchronize and rotate by 120°, the driving gear 403 of the front rotary drive mechanism 4 is meshed with the driven gear 404 for transmission, and the driving gear 403 of the rear rotary drive mechanism 4 is in a state of locking the driven gear 404 with no tooth segment.

[0031] The connecting rod mechanism 5 includes a driving arm 501, a connecting rod 502 and a rocker 503. The first end of the driving arm 501 is connected to the driving shaft 402, the second end of the driving arm 501 is hinged to the first end of the connecting rod 502, the second end of the connecting rod 502 is hinged to the first end of the rocker 503, the second end of the rocker 503 is hinged to the rocker support 102 on the sub-frame assembly 1, and the middle part of the connecting rod is hinged to the support 303 at the bottom of the first floor beam group 301 or the second floor beam group 302.

[0032] The connection method between the first end of the driving arm 501 and the driving shaft 402 varies according to the position of the connecting rod mechanism 5 and the different bottom plate beam groups connected. The outer surfaces of the front and rear driving shafts 402 are both processed with splines. The front connecting rod mechanism 5 connected to the first bottom plate beam group 301 has an inner spline processed on the inner hole surface of the first end of its driving arm 501 (group A shown in the figure) that engages with the front driving shaft 402. The front connecting rod mechanism 5 connected to the second bottom plate beam group 302 has an inner hole of the first end of its driving arm 501 (group B shown in the figure) that rotatably cooperates with the sleeve 6, and the inner hole surface of the sleeve 6 is processed with an inner spline that engages with the outer spline of the front driving shaft 402. Correspondingly, the inner hole of the first end of the driving arm 501 of the connecting rod mechanism 5 connected to the first floor beam group 301 at the rear is rotatably matched with the sleeve 6, and the inner hole surface of the sleeve 6 is processed with an inner spline to mesh with the outer spline of the rear driving shaft 402, while the inner hole surface of the first end of the driving arm 501 of the connecting rod mechanism 5 connected to the second floor beam 302 at the rear is processed with an inner spline to mesh with the rear driving shaft 402. Therefore, the rotation of the front driving shaft 402 can only drive the first floor beam group 301 to move, and the rotation of the rear driving shaft 402 can only drive the second floor beam group 302 to move. The driving arm 501 of the connecting rod mechanism 5 connected to the first floor beam group 301 and the driving arm 501 of the connecting rod mechanism 5 connected to the second floor beam group 302 are separated on the driving shaft 402 by the gasket 12.

[0033] The periodic intermittent motions of the first floor beam group 301 and the second floor beam group 302 are the same but the phases differ by 120°, so they are synchronized only when moving backward. With the rotation of the drive shaft 402, the first floor beam group 301 first moves forward relative to the second floor beam group 302, the second floor beam group 302 does not move, the cargo in the cargo compartment 2 is always in contact with the second floor beam 302, and the cargo remains stationary due to the interphase force; then the second floor beam group 302 moves forward relative to the first floor beam group 301 until it is flush with the first floor beam group 301. During this process, the first floor beam group 301 does not move, the cargo in the cargo compartment 2 is always in contact with the first floor beam 301, and the cargo remains stationary due to the interphase force; finally, the first floor beam group 301 and the second floor beam group 302 move backward at the same time, lifting the cargo in the cargo compartment 2 and moving backward. This cycle is repeated to gradually move the cargo out of the cargo compartment 2 to achieve unloading.

[0034] In order to ensure that the cargo will not leak out from the front of the cargo compartment 2 when the first floor beam 301 and the second floor beam 302 move alternately. Figure 7 As shown, the front wall of the cargo compartment 2 is provided with an elastic gate, which includes a gate body 7. The front wall of the cargo compartment 2 is provided with an upper mounting plate 8 and a lower mounting plate 9 with guide holes. The lower end of the gate body 7 is wedge-shaped, and the upper part of the gate body 7 is passed through the guide hole and is guided by the guide hole to move up and down. A spring 10 is arranged between the gate body 7 and the lower mounting plate 9. Under the action of the spring force, the lower end of the gate body 7 is always in contact with the upper surfaces of the first bottom plate beam group 301 and the second bottom plate beam group 302 to prevent cargo from leaking from the front.

Claims

1. A dump truck, comprising a cargo compartment, characterized in that: The bottom of the cargo compartment is a movable floor, which includes a first floor beam group and a second floor beam group arranged in sequence on the left and right. The dump truck is provided with a driving device, which includes a rotary drive mechanism and a connecting rod mechanism. The connecting rod mechanism is connected between the first floor beam group and the rotary drive mechanism and between the second floor beam group and the rotary drive mechanism. When the rotary drive mechanism rotates, the first floor beam group and the second floor beam group are alternately driven forward by the connecting rod mechanism and then driven to move backward synchronously and straightly.

2. The dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drive mechanism is provided with one at the front and one at the rear on the sub-frame of the dump truck, and the connecting rod mechanism is provided with two groups at the front and two groups at the rear; one of the two groups of connecting rod mechanisms located at the front is connected to the first floor beam group, and the other group is connected to the second floor beam group, and the rotary drive mechanism located at the front drives the connecting rod mechanism located at the front connected to the first floor beam group to move; one of the two groups of connecting rod mechanisms located at the rear is connected to the first floor beam group, and the other group is connected to the second floor beam group, and the rotary drive mechanism located at the rear drives the connecting rod mechanism located at the rear connected to the second floor beam group to move.

3. The dump truck according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotary drive mechanism includes a drive shaft, and the connecting rod mechanism includes a drive arm, a connecting rod and a rocker arm. The first end of the drive arm is connected to the drive shaft, the second end of the drive arm is hinged to the first end of the connecting rod, the second end of the connecting rod is hinged to the first end of the rocker arm, the second end of the rocker arm is hinged to the subframe, and the middle part of the connecting rod is hinged to the first floor beam group or the second floor beam group.

4. The dump truck according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving arm of the connecting rod mechanism located at the front and connected to the first floor beam group is connected to the driving shaft of the rotating drive mechanism located at the front through a spline, and the driving arm of the connecting rod mechanism located at the rear and connected to the second floor beam is connected to the driving shaft of the rotating drive mechanism located at the rear through a spline; the driving arm of the connecting rod mechanism located at the front and connected to the second floor beam is loosely sleeved on the driving shaft of the rotating drive mechanism located at the front, and the driving arm of the connecting rod mechanism located at the rear and connected to the first floor beam group is loosely sleeved on the driving shaft of the rotating drive mechanism located at the rear.

5. The dump truck according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotary drive mechanism comprises a motor, a driven gear is arranged on the driving shaft, a driving gear for meshing with the driven gear is arranged on the output shaft of the motor, and a toothless section is arranged on the driving gear to realize intermittent motion of the driven gear.

6. The dump truck according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving arm of the connecting rod mechanism connected to the first floor beam group and the driving arm of the connecting rod mechanism connected to the second floor beam group are separated on the driving shaft by a gasket.

7. The dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front wall of the cargo compartment is provided with an elastic gate plate, which is opposite to the first floor beam group and the second floor beam group one by one, and the lower end of the elastic gate plate is always in contact with the upper surface of the first floor beam group and the second floor beam group.

8. The dump truck according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic gate includes a gate body, and the front wall of the cargo compartment is provided with a mounting plate with a guide hole. The upper part of the gate body is passed through the guide hole and can move up and down guided by the guide hole. A spring is arranged between the gate body and the mounting plate so that the lower end of the gate body is always in contact with the upper surface of the first bottom plate beam group and the second bottom plate beam group.

9. The dump truck according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower end of the gate body is wedge-shaped.

Images