Sulfur recovery Claus furnace transformation system and method and waste gas treatment method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of sulfur recovery, and discloses a sulfur recovery Claus furnace transformation system and method and a waste gas treatment method. The system comprises a Claus furnace and a medium pipe opening structure. On the premise of not changing the original main body structure and performance of the Claus furnace, the H2S-containing mixed waste gas from an oil refinery or a natural gas purification plant is directly introduced into the Claus furnace to perform the Claus reaction in a manner of adding a medium pipe orifice structure on the Claus furnace, so that the yield of sulfur is increased; the purpose of utilizing sulfide mixed waste gas to the maximum extent is achieved, and the difficulty of the transformation process is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of sulfur recovery, and more specifically, relates to a sulfur recovery Claus furnace transformation system and method and a waste gas treatment method. Background Art

[0002] In refineries or natural gas purification plants, the H2S-containing mixed waste gas generated by the operation of the sulfur recovery device usually needs to be introduced into the tail gas incinerator for incineration reaction. The H2S in the mixed gas is burned to produce SO2, which is then introduced into the subsequent alkaline washing equipment together with the original sulfur-containing waste gas incineration product to reduce the SO2 content to within the environmental protection standard range before being discharged.

[0003] Directly introducing H2S-containing mixed waste gas into the tail gas incinerator can meet the emission requirements, but it will increase the load of the tail gas incinerator and subsequent alkali washing device and cause a waste of S resources.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a sulfur recovery Claus furnace modification system and modification method and a sulfur recovery waste gas Claus treatment method. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art and to propose a sulfur recovery Claus furnace modification system and method and a waste gas treatment method. The present invention introduces H2S-containing mixed waste gas from an oil refinery or a natural gas purification plant directly into the Claus furnace for Claus reaction, thereby increasing the sulfur yield and achieving the purpose of maximizing the utilization of sulfide mixed waste gas.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first aspect of the present invention provides a sulfur recovery Claus furnace modification system, the system comprising a Claus furnace and a medium nozzle structure;

[0007] The side wall of the reaction zone of the Claus furnace comprises a lining structure, a wall panel and a heat insulation cover arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside; the lining structure comprises a plurality of lining layers arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, wherein the lining layer close to the wall panel is a castable lining layer;

[0008] Among the multi-layer lining layers, the other lining layers except the castable lining layer are provided with a first opening; the castable lining layer is provided with a second opening; the wallboard is provided with a third opening; and the heat insulation cover is provided with a fourth opening;

[0009] The medium pipe mouth structure includes a lining protection sleeve, a steel pipe, a heat-insulating refractory castable and a waste gas inlet elbow structure;

[0010] The axial wall of the lining protection sleeve is bonded to the wall of the first opening, and one end opening of the lining protection sleeve is exposed in the furnace of the Claus furnace, and the end wall of the other end contacts the castable lining layer;

[0011] One end of the steel pipe passes through the fourth opening and is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the third opening, and the other end of the steel pipe is connected to the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure;

[0012] The inner wall of the steel pipe and the inner wall of the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure are both coated with the thermal insulating refractory castable.

[0013] In the present invention, the purpose of the setting of "contact" in "the end wall of the other end of the lining protection sleeve contacts the castable lining layer" is to allow the lining protection sleeve to slide relative to the castable lining layer to release thermal expansion.

[0014] According to the present invention, preferably, the end of the lining protection sleeve exposed in the furnace of the Claus furnace is a stepped widened structure.

[0015] According to the present invention, preferably, the contact portion of the lining protection sleeve with the hole wall of the first opening and the inner wall of the furnace is coated with refractory slurry; the temperature grade of the refractory slurry is above 1300°C.

[0016] According to the present invention, preferably, the angle between the axis of the lining protection sleeve and the axis of the Claus furnace is 45-135°; the angle between the axial wall of the lining protection sleeve and the horizontal plane of the axis of the Claus furnace is -60 to 60°. This is because: the flame of the burner in the Claus furnace is sprayed in the furnace and gradually deviates to the top of the furnace. The temperature of the upper part of the furnace is higher than that of the lower part. If the medium nozzle structure is too high, it will cause the nozzle to overheat. If the medium nozzle structure is too low, it will cause liquid backflow.

[0017] According to the present invention, preferably, the material of the lining protection sleeve is corundum, the temperature grade of the corundum is above 1600°C, and the Al2O3 content is greater than 97%. In the present invention, the corundum sleeve has the highest refractory temperature grade, can directly withstand the radiation of the burning flame and the scouring of the high-temperature airflow, and can avoid being corroded by the high-temperature sulfur-containing mixed gas. The corundum sleeve is firmly bonded to the original lining structure with refractory mud, so that the corundum sleeve can move with the expansion of the original lining structure, avoid being sheared off and prevent the corundum sleeve from falling into the furnace.

[0018] According to the present invention, preferably, one end of the steel pipe passes through the fourth opening and is welded to the hole wall of the third opening.

[0019] According to the present invention, preferably, the steel pipe is made of at least one of carbon steel, stainless steel and composite steel.

[0020] According to the present invention, preferably, the inner wall of the steel pipe and the inner wall of the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure are also provided with anchor nails, the anchor nails are located inside the thermal insulation refractory castable, cannot be exposed, and two adjacent anchor nails are arranged crosswise at 90 degrees. In the present invention, the shape of the anchor nail is V-shaped.

[0021] According to the present invention, preferably, the anchoring nail is made of metal and / or ceramic.

[0022] According to the present invention, preferably, an insulation layer is provided outside the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure, and the insulation layer is waterproofly connected to the heat insulation cover through the hole wall of the fourth opening to prevent excessive temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure, which may cause damage.

[0023] According to the present invention, preferably, the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure is an L-shaped elbow, a tee or a four-way pipe.

[0024] According to the present invention, preferably, the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure is a four-way pipe, and the pipe opening of the four-way pipe opposite to the lining protection sleeve is closed by a blind plate coated with the insulating refractory castable. In the present invention, in order to prevent the burner flame radiation in the Claus furnace from causing the local temperature of the pipe of the elbow structure to be too high, it is necessary to apply insulating refractory castables to the area of ​​the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure facing the flame radiation. The elbow structure can prevent the pipe after the turn from being directly radiated by the flame, so as to reduce the area where the insulating refractory castables are applied. When selecting a four-way pipe, it is necessary to pay attention to that the pipe opening facing the flame direction cannot be opened, and the same insulating refractory castables should be applied inside the blind plate of the pipe opening.

[0025] According to the present invention, preferably, the temperature grade of the insulating refractory castable is above 1300° C. The insulating refractory castable of the present invention is applied from one end wall of the lining protection sleeve to the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure, ensuring that the pipe portion of the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure directly facing the flame of the Claus furnace reaction zone is not exposed to the flame radiation, thereby preventing the pipe from being locally overheated.

[0026] According to the present invention, preferably, the aperture of the second opening, the inner diameter of the lining protection sleeve and the inner diameter of the space formed by the insulating refractory castable are of the same size.

[0027] A second aspect of the present invention provides a sulfur recovery Claus furnace modification method, the modification method is used to obtain the sulfur recovery Claus furnace modification system, the method comprising:

[0028] Opening holes in the side wall of the reaction zone of the Claus furnace to obtain a first opening provided in the lining layers other than the castable lining layer of the multi-layer lining layer, a second opening provided in the castable lining layer, a third opening provided in the wall plate, and a fourth opening provided in the heat shield;

[0029] The axial wall of the lining protection sleeve is bonded to the wall of the first opening, so that one end opening of the lining protection sleeve is exposed in the furnace of the Claus furnace, and the end wall of the other end contacts the castable lining layer;

[0030] One end of the steel pipe is fixedly connected to the wall of the third opening, and the other end of the steel pipe passes through the fourth opening and is connected to the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure;

[0031] The heat-insulating refractory castable is coated on the inner wall of the steel pipe and the inner wall of the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure.

[0032] The third aspect of the present invention provides a Claus treatment method for sulfur recovery waste gas, which adopts the sulfur recovery Claus furnace modification system, including: introducing the H2S-containing mixed waste gas into the reaction zone of the Claus furnace through the medium pipe mouth structure to carry out Claus reaction, recover S resources in the H2S-containing mixed waste gas and increase the sulfur yield.

[0033] According to the present invention, preferably, the H2S-containing mixed waste gas comes from a sulfur recovery device of an oil refinery or a natural gas purification plant.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] Under the premise of not changing the original main structure and performance of the Claus furnace, the present invention directly introduces the H2S-containing mixed waste gas from the refinery or natural gas purification plant into the Claus furnace for Claus reaction by adding a medium nozzle structure to the Claus furnace, thereby increasing the sulfur yield and achieving the purpose of maximizing the utilization of the sulfide mixed waste gas. By avoiding opening holes in the tail gas incinerator body, the sulfur dioxide generated by the tail gas incinerator can be reduced, and the material input for subsequent alkali washing of sulfur dioxide can be reduced, thereby increasing economic benefits without changing the original equipment distribution layout.

[0036] The present invention realizes the introduction and processing of new materials without changing the original main structure and performance of the Claus furnace, and reduces the difficulty of the transformation process.

[0037] The transformation system of the present invention has a simple structure, strong practicability and is convenient for transformation and construction.

[0038] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent through a more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals generally represent like components throughout the exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a sulfur recovery Claus furnace modification system provided in Example 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0041] Figure 2 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of a lining protection sleeve and a steel pipe of a sulfur recovery Claus furnace modification system provided in Example 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0042] The following are the descriptions of the reference numerals:

[0043] 1. Lining protection sleeve; 2. Refractory mud; 3. Steel pipe; 4. Anchor nails; 5. Insulating refractory castable; 6. Wall panel; 7. Heat insulation cover; 8. Castable lining layer; 9. Exhaust gas inlet elbow structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This embodiment provides a sulfur recovery Claus furnace modification system, such as Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the system includes a Claus furnace and a medium nozzle structure;

[0047] The side wall of the reaction zone of the Claus furnace comprises a lining structure, a wall panel 6 and a heat insulation cover 7 arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside; the lining structure comprises a plurality of lining layers arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, wherein the lining layer close to the wall panel is a castable lining layer 8;

[0048] Among the multi-layer lining layers, the other lining layers except the castable lining layer 8 are provided with a first opening; the castable lining layer 8 is provided with a second opening; the wall panel 6 is provided with a third opening; and the heat insulation cover 7 is provided with a fourth opening;

[0049] The medium pipe mouth structure includes a lining protection sleeve 1, a steel pipe 3, a heat-insulating refractory castable 5 and a waste gas inlet elbow structure 9;

[0050] The axial wall of the lining protection sleeve 1 is bonded to the wall of the first opening, and one end of the lining protection sleeve 1 is exposed in the furnace of the Claus furnace, which is a step-widening structure, and the end wall of the other end is bonded to the castable lining layer 8; the contact portion of the lining protection sleeve 1 with the wall of the first opening and the castable lining layer 8 is coated with refractory mud 2; the temperature grade of the refractory mud 2 is above 1300°C; the angle between the axis of the lining protection sleeve 1 and the axis of the Claus furnace is 90°C; the angle between the axial wall of the lining protection sleeve and the axis of the Claus furnace is 90°C; the material of the lining protection sleeve 1 is corundum, the temperature grade of the corundum is above 1600°C, and the Al2O3 content is greater than 97%.

[0051] One end of the steel pipe 3 passes through the fourth opening and is welded to the hole wall of the third opening, and the other end of the steel pipe 3 is connected to the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure 9; the material of the steel pipe 3 is carbon steel;

[0052] The inner wall of the steel pipe 3 and the inner wall of the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure 9 are coated with the insulating refractory castable 5. The inner wall of the steel pipe 3 and the inner wall of the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure 9 are also provided with anchor nails 4, the anchor nails 4 are located inside the insulating refractory castable 5, and two adjacent anchor nails 4 are arranged crosswise at 90 degrees; the material of the anchor nails 4 is metal.

[0053] The exhaust gas inlet elbow structure 9 is provided with an insulation layer (not shown) on the outside, and the insulation layer is waterproofly connected to the heat insulation cover 7 through the hole wall of the fourth opening; the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure 9 is a four-way pipe. The pipe openings corresponding to the four-way pipe and the lining protection sleeve are closed by a blind plate coated with the heat insulating refractory castable.

[0054] The temperature grade of the insulating refractory castable 5 is above 1300°C.

[0055] The aperture of the second opening, the inner diameter of the lining protection sleeve 1 and the inner diameter of the space formed by the insulating refractory castable 5 are the same in size.

[0056] This embodiment also provides a Claus treatment method for sulfur recovery waste gas, which adopts the above-mentioned sulfur recovery Claus furnace modification system, including: introducing the H2S-containing mixed waste gas into the reaction zone of the Claus furnace through the medium pipe mouth structure to carry out Claus reaction, recover S resources in the H2S-containing mixed waste gas and increase the sulfur yield.

[0057] The H2S-containing mixed waste gas comes from a sulfur recovery device. Based on the total weight of the H2S-containing mixed waste gas, the H2S content is 0.1-1%, the H2O content is 1-2%, the S steam is a trace amount, and the rest is air or nitrogen.

[0058] In this embodiment, after the H2S-containing mixed waste gas is introduced into the reaction zone of the Claus furnace through the medium pipe mouth structure for Claus reaction, the recovery rate of S in the H2S-containing mixed waste gas is 95-98%, and the total sulfur yield of the device is increased accordingly, which is 0.015-1.5% higher than that before the H2S-containing mixed waste gas is added, depending on the waste gas flow rate. At the same time, the SO2 emitted by the system during incineration is also reduced accordingly, and the flue gas treatment cost is reduced.

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, and the above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A sulfur recovery Claus furnace transformation system, characterized in that: The system includes a Claus furnace and a medium nozzle structure; The side wall of the reaction zone of the Claus furnace comprises a lining structure, a wall panel and a heat insulation cover arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside; the lining structure comprises a plurality of lining layers arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, wherein the lining layer close to the wall panel is a castable lining layer; Among the multi-layer lining layers, the other lining layers except the castable lining layer are provided with a first opening; the castable lining layer is provided with a second opening; the wallboard is provided with a third opening; and the heat insulation cover is provided with a fourth opening; The medium pipe mouth structure includes a lining protection sleeve, a steel pipe, a heat-insulating refractory castable and a waste gas inlet elbow structure; The axial wall of the lining protection sleeve is bonded to the wall of the first opening, and one end of the lining protection sleeve is exposed in the furnace of the Claus furnace, and the end wall of the other end is in contact with the castable lining layer; One end of the steel pipe passes through the fourth opening and is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the third opening, and the other end of the steel pipe is connected to the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure; The inner wall of the steel pipe and the inner wall of the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure are both coated with the thermal insulating refractory castable.

2. The sulfur recovery Claus furnace transformation system according to claim 1, wherein: One end of the lining protection sleeve exposed in the furnace of the Claus furnace is a step widening structure; The contact portion of the lining protection sleeve with the hole wall of the first opening and the inner wall of the furnace is coated with refractory mud; the temperature grade of the refractory mud is above 1300°C; The included angle between the axis of the lining protection sleeve and the axis of the Claus furnace is 45-135°; the included angle between the axial wall of the lining protection sleeve and the horizontal plane of the axis of the Claus furnace is -60 to 60°; The material of the lining protection sleeve is corundum, the temperature grade of the corundum is above 1600° C., and the Al2O3 content is greater than 97%.

3. The sulfur recovery Claus furnace transformation system according to claim 1, wherein: One end of the steel pipe passes through the fourth opening and is welded to the hole wall of the third opening; The steel pipe is made of at least one of carbon steel, stainless steel and composite steel; The inner wall of the steel pipe and the inner wall of the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure are also provided with anchor nails, the anchor nails are located inside the thermal insulation refractory castable, and two adjacent anchor nails are arranged crosswise at 90 degrees; The anchoring nail is made of metal and / or ceramic.

4. The sulfur recovery Claus furnace transformation system according to claim 1, wherein: A heat-insulating layer is disposed outside the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure, and the heat-insulating layer is waterproofly connected to the heat-insulating cover through the hole wall of the fourth opening; The exhaust gas inlet elbow structure is an L-shaped elbow, a three-way pipe or a four-way pipe.

5. The sulfur recovery Claus furnace transformation system according to claim 4, wherein: The exhaust gas inlet elbow structure is a four-way pipe, and the pipe opening of the four-way pipe opposite to the lining protection sleeve is closed by a blind plate coated with the thermal insulation refractory castable.

6. The sulfur recovery Claus furnace transformation system according to claim 1, wherein: The temperature grade of insulating refractory castable is above 1300℃.

7. The sulfur recovery Claus furnace transformation system according to claim 1, wherein: The aperture of the second opening, the inner diameter of the lining protection sleeve and the inner diameter of the space formed by the insulating refractory castable are the same in size.

8. A sulfur recovery Claus furnace modification method, the modification method is used to obtain the sulfur recovery Claus furnace modification system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The method includes: Opening holes in the side wall of the reaction zone of the Claus furnace to obtain a first opening provided in the lining layers other than the castable lining layer of the multi-layer lining layer, a second opening provided in the castable lining layer, a third opening provided in the wall plate, and a fourth opening provided in the heat shield; The axial wall of the lining protection sleeve is bonded to the wall of the first opening, so that one end opening of the lining protection sleeve is exposed in the furnace of the Claus furnace, and the end wall of the other end contacts the castable lining layer; One end of the steel pipe is fixedly connected to the hole wall of the third opening, and the other end of the steel pipe passes through the fourth opening and is connected to the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure; The heat-insulating refractory castable is coated on the inner wall of the steel pipe and the inner wall of the exhaust gas inlet elbow structure.

9. A Claus treatment method for sulfur recovery waste gas, characterized in that: The method adopts the sulfur recovery Claus furnace modification system described in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: introducing the H2S-containing mixed exhaust gas into the reaction zone of the Claus furnace through the medium pipe mouth structure to carry out Claus reaction, recover S resources in the H2S-containing mixed exhaust gas and increase the sulfur yield.

10. The Claus treatment method for sulfur recovery waste gas according to claim 9, wherein: The H2S-containing mixed waste gas comes from a sulfur recovery device in an oil refinery or a natural gas purification plant.

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