Coconut shell charcoal carbonization and activation device
By designing the coconut shell carbonization activation device, using multiple sets of the outer furnace body, water jacket and inner furnace body, heat conduction and temperature control are achieved, and the energy waste caused by the separation of carbonization and activation in the existing technology is solved, and the energy waste caused by the separation of carbonization and activation is realized. Efficient carbonization and activation under the same heating environment.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410970486.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the carbonization and activation processes of coconut shell charcoal need to be processed separately, resulting in low energy utilization and cannot be carried out simultaneously under the same heating environment, resulting in excessive energy consumption.
A coconut shell carbon carbon activation device was designed, through the multiple sleeve design of the outer furnace body, water jacket and inner furnace body, the effective conduction and control of heat is realized, the temperature of the inner furnace body is adjusted by cold water, water vapor is provided, and the temperature of the inner furnace body is adjusted by cold water, and the temperature of the inner furnace body is provided by water vapor, and through Independent speed control and gas isolation, carbonization and activation are carried out simultaneously.
Effectively utilize heat sources under the same heating environment, save energy, and achieve efficient carbonization and activation, improve production efficiency and meet different needs of carbonization and activation processes.
Smart Images
Figure CN119284903A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to biomass carbonization activation equipment, in particular to a coconut shell charcoal carbonization activation device. Background Art
[0002] The coconut shell charcoal gas activation method is a method of carbonizing the raw materials at 400℃~800℃, and then activating them at 600~1200℃ with water vapor, carbon dioxide, air, flue gas, etc. There are two stages in sequence: carbonization and activation. The raw materials are first carbonized after incomplete combustion and heating, so that the material forms an easily activated pore structure and higher mechanical strength. The subsequent activation stage is to expose the charcoal to oxidizing gas treatment to completely activate the microporous structure.
[0003] In the existing technology, the carbonization and activation processes of coconut shell charcoal are usually handled separately. Although the entire carbonization process and activation process require high-temperature heating, the temperature requirements of coconut shells in the carbonization and activation processes are different. In some coconut shell charcoal preparation processes, the activation temperature is higher than the carbonization temperature. The current equipment does not have the ability to simultaneously carbonize and activate coconut shell charcoal under the same heating environment, so they have to be handled separately. The disadvantage of separate treatment is that the energy utilization rate is low, resulting in excessive energy consumption.
[0004] Therefore, if the carbonization and activation processes of coconut shell charcoal can be processed in one integrated process, the external heat source of the process can be reasonably utilized and energy can be saved. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a coconut shell charcoal carbonization and activation device, which can effectively utilize the heat source under the same heating environment through a special mechanism design, and simultaneously carbonize and activate coconut shell particles, thereby saving energy and solving the problems described in the background technology.
[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:
[0007] A coconut shell charcoal carbonization activation device comprises a bottom fixed seat and a first rotating support mechanism fixedly arranged on the bottom fixed seat, a second rotating support mechanism, a first rotating driving mechanism, a second rotating driving mechanism, a first support frame, a second support frame and a third support frame, wherein the first rotating support mechanism rotatably supports a horizontally arranged circular tubular outer furnace body, the first rotating driving mechanism is used to drive the outer furnace body to rotate, a first discharge cover is fixedly arranged on the first support frame, the front end of the outer furnace body is rotatably penetrated in the cover body of the first discharge cover and is connected with the first discharge cover, a first exhaust port is arranged on the first discharge cover, a discharge mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the first discharge cover, a rear end of the outer furnace body is closed and provided with a rear end wall, a horizontally arranged support pipe is rotatably penetrated at the center of the rear end wall, the front end of the support pipe penetrates into the outer furnace body and is fixedly connected with the second discharge cover, a second discharge hopper is arranged at the bottom of the second discharge hopper, a one-way cover valve is arranged at the bottom of the second discharge hopper, the rear end of the support pipe is closed and passes through the outer furnace body and is fixedly connected with the second support frame, a second exhaust port is also arranged in the support pipe outside the outer furnace body, and a A hollow second spiral blade is provided, a horizontally arranged circular tubular water jacket is also provided in the outer furnace body, the inner wall and the outer wall of the water jacket are hollowed out to form a closed circular column cavity, a plurality of air outlet pipes are also provided on the top of the water jacket, the front end of the water jacket is fixedly inserted into the cover body of the first discharge cover, the front end bottom of the water jacket is also connected to a water inlet pipe, a horizontally arranged circular tubular inner furnace body is also provided in the water jacket, the outer wall of the inner furnace body is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the water jacket, the central axes of the outer furnace body, the inner furnace body, the support pipe and the water jacket coincide with each other, and the outer wall of the water jacket is also The inner side wall of the outer furnace body is rotatably supported and connected via a rotatable connecting mechanism. The rear end of the inner furnace body is rotatably inserted into the cover body of the second discharge cover and communicates with the second discharge cover. The front end of the inner furnace body passes through the water jacket and is rotatably supported on the second rotatable supporting mechanism. A hollow first spiral blade is provided on the inner side wall of the inner furnace body. The second rotatable driving mechanism is used to drive the inner furnace body to rotate. A front cover is also fixedly provided on the third supporting frame. The front end of the inner furnace body is rotatably and sealingly connected to the front cover. A feed port is also provided in the front cover, and a feed mechanism is connected outside the feed port.
[0008] A further technical solution is that the discharging mechanism comprises a first discharging hopper arranged at the bottom of the first discharging cover, and a discharging valve is arranged at the bottom of the first discharging hopper.
[0009] A further technical solution is that the rotating connection mechanism includes a plurality of limit rings rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the water jacket, and the limit rings are also fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer furnace body through a plurality of support rods.
[0010] A further technical solution is that the feeding mechanism includes a feeding pipe connected to the feeding port, the other end of the feeding pipe is also connected to a feeding hopper, and a feeding valve is also provided in the feeding pipe.
[0011] A further technical solution is that a fuel combustion zone is further provided at the middle bottom outside the outer furnace body, and the second exhaust port is further connected to the fuel combustion zone through an air guide pipe.
[0012] A further technical solution is that a first temperature sensor is also provided in the support tube, the first temperature sensor passes through the second discharge cover and extends to the interior of the inner furnace body, and a second temperature sensor is also provided on the first discharge cover, the second temperature sensor passes through the first discharge cover and extends to the interior of the outer furnace body.
[0013] 1. The beneficial and efficient heat management of the present invention: The scheme utilizes the design of the outer furnace body, the water jacket and the inner furnace body to achieve effective heat conduction and control. When the temperature of the inner furnace body is too high, it can be adjusted by injecting cold water into the water jacket, which can not only effectively control the temperature, but also provide the water vapor required for activation of the carbonized particles.
[0014] 2. Flexible temperature control: This solution can keep the carbonization temperature lower than the activation temperature under the same heating environment, meeting specific process requirements. This design allows the temperature of the inner furnace to be flexibly adjusted and lower than the temperature of the outer furnace through the water jacket and the injection of cold water.
[0015] 3. Independent speed control: By setting up two rotation drive mechanisms, the inner furnace body and the outer furnace body can independently adjust the speed according to their respective needs, which meets the different requirements of material conveying speed in the carbonization process and the activation process.
[0016] 4. Effective gas isolation: By setting up the second discharge hood and the one-way cover valve, the solution achieves gas isolation between the inner furnace body and the outer furnace body, avoiding the mutual interference between water vapor and carbonization pyrolysis gas, and ensuring the quality of the carbonization and activation process.
[0017] 5. Energy saving, environmental protection and high efficiency: This solution effectively utilizes heat through multiple sets of designs, and simultaneously realizes carbonization heating, steam supply and activation heating, and can achieve continuous feeding and continuous discharging, which not only saves energy but also improves production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a general schematic diagram of the present invention.
[0019] In the figure, 1, feed hopper, 2, feed valve, 3, feed pipe, 4, front cover, 5, feed port, 6, inner furnace body, 7, first spiral blade, 8, water jacket, 9, water inlet pipe, 10, first discharge cover, 11, first exhaust port, 12, first support frame, 13, first discharge hopper, 14, discharge valve, 15, outer furnace body, 16, second spiral blade, 17, exhaust pipe, 18, support rod, 19, limit ring, 20, second discharge cover, 21, second discharge hopper, 22, one-way cover valve, 23, support pipe, 24, second exhaust port, 25, second support frame, 26, first rotation drive mechanism, 27, first rotation support mechanism, 28, fuel combustion zone, 29, third support frame, 30, second rotation drive mechanism, 31, second rotation support mechanism, 32, first temperature sensor, 33, second temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, specific embodiments are provided below, and the present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0021] See also Figure 1 A coconut shell charcoal carbonization and activation device includes a bottom fixed seat and a first rotating support mechanism 27, a second rotating support mechanism 31, a first rotating drive mechanism 26, a second rotating drive mechanism 30, a first support frame 12, a second support frame 25 and a third support frame 29 fixed on the bottom fixed seat.
[0022] It should be noted that the bottom fixing base can be a cement-based base, a steel structure base, or other types of bases. Its purpose is to provide a fixed position at a suitable height for the rotating support mechanism, the rotating drive mechanism and the support frame to facilitate the overall installation of this solution.
[0023] It should be noted that the first rotation support mechanism 27 and the second rotation support mechanism 31 are mainly used to support the horizontally placed round tube and make it rotate in a limited position at the top. The commonly used technical structures include a support ring with a fixed ring arranged outside the round tube and a rotating support wheel arranged on the bottom fixed seat. The two support wheels are pressed against the support ring on both sides to form a support structure. The rotation function is achieved by the mutual rolling between the support wheel and the support ring. At the same time, a commonly used groove limiting structure is used between the support wheel and the support ring to prevent the round tube from moving in the horizontal direction. In addition, there are many kinds of rotation support mechanisms, which are not listed in detail here. Those skilled in the art can fully realize the functions of the first rotation support mechanism 27 and the second rotation support mechanism 31 in the present invention according to existing technical means.
[0024] It should be noted that the first rotation drive mechanism 26 and the second rotation drive mechanism 30 are mainly used to drive the horizontally placed round tube to rotate. The commonly used technical structures include a fixed ring set on the outer ring of the round tube, a gear fixed on the bottom fixed seat, a reducer and a motor. The motor is connected through the reducer and the gear, the gear is meshed with the gear ring, the gear rotates to drive the gear ring to rotate, and the gear ring drives the round tube to rotate. In addition, there are many kinds of rotation drive mechanisms to choose from, which will not be listed in detail here. Those skilled in the art can fully realize the functions of the first rotation drive mechanism 26 and the second rotation drive mechanism 30 in the present invention according to existing technical means.
[0025] The first rotation support mechanism 27 rotationally supports the horizontally arranged cylindrical outer furnace body 15 , and the first rotation drive mechanism 26 is used to drive the outer furnace body 15 to rotate.
[0026] When the above solution is used, the first rotation support mechanism 27 realizes the overhead rotation function of the outer furnace body 15 , and the first rotation drive mechanism 26 realizes the on-demand rotation function of the outer furnace body 15 .
[0027] The first support frame 12 is fixedly provided with a first discharge cover 10, preferably, the first discharge cover 10 is a hollow cylindrical cover body, a circular opening is opened at the rear end of the first discharge cover 10, and the circular opening protrudes outward to form a circular annular boss, and the front end of the outer furnace body 15 is rotatably arranged in the circular annular boss of the first discharge cover 10 and communicates with the first discharge cover 10. A first exhaust port 11 is provided at the top of the first discharge cover 10, and a discharge mechanism is provided at the bottom of the first discharge cover 10.
[0028] Specifically, the discharging mechanism includes a first discharging hopper 13 disposed at the bottom of the first discharging cover 10 , and a discharging valve 14 is disposed at the bottom of the first discharging hopper 13 .
[0029] The rear end of the outer furnace body 15 is closed with a rear end wall, and the inner wall of the outer furnace body 15 is provided with a hollow second spiral blade 16. It should be noted that the inner wall of the outer furnace body 15 refers to the arc-shaped inner wall of the outer furnace body 15 excluding the rear end wall.
[0030] When using the above scheme, when the material is inside the outer furnace body 15, with the action of the first rotating drive mechanism 26, the material is moved from the rear end of the outer furnace body 15 to the front end of the outer furnace body 15, and falls into the first discharge cover 10. The first discharge cover 10 does not rotate with the material, and the material falls and accumulates in the first discharge hopper 13 at the bottom of the first discharge cover 10. When discharging is required, the discharge valve 14 can be opened to release the material.
[0031] A horizontally arranged support pipe 23 is rotated and penetrated at the center of the rear end wall, and the front end of the support pipe 23 penetrates the outer furnace body 15 and is fixedly provided with a second discharge cover 20. Preferably, the second discharge cover 20 is a hollow cylindrical cover, and the front end of the support pipe 23 is connected to the rear end of the second discharge cover 20. A second discharge hopper 21 is provided at the bottom of the second discharge cover 20, and a one-way cover valve 22 is provided at the bottom of the second discharge hopper 21. The rear end of the support pipe 23 is closed and penetrates the outer furnace body 15 and is fixedly connected to the second support frame 25. A second exhaust port 24 is also provided in the support pipe 23 outside the outer furnace body 15.
[0032] Specifically, the one-way cover valve 22 is a cover body provided at the bottom outlet of the second discharge hopper 21, and the one-way cover valve 22 is hinged on the second discharge hopper 21 through a torsion spring hinge. When no external force is applied, the one-way cover valve 22 rotates upward under the action of the torsion spring hinge to block the second discharge hopper 21. When materials are accumulated in the second discharge hopper 21, the materials exert a downward thrust on the one-way cover valve 22 under the action of gravity. The one-way cover valve 22 rotates downward under the pressure of the gravity of the materials to overcome the elastic force of the torsion spring hinge, and opens the bottom of the second discharge hopper 21, so that the materials in the second discharge hopper 21 can be discharged. When the materials are so few that the gravity is less than the elastic force of the torsion spring hinge, the one-way cover valve 22 closes the bottom of the second discharge hopper 21 again.
[0033] A horizontally arranged circular tubular water jacket 8 is also provided in the outer furnace body 15. The inner wall and the outer wall of the water jacket 8 are hollowed out to form a closed circular column cavity. A plurality of air outlet pipes 17 are also provided on the top of the water jacket 8. The front end of the water jacket 8 passes through the circular opening at the rear end of the first discharge cover 10 and is fixedly inserted into the front end cover body of the first discharge cover 10. The front end bottom of the water jacket 8 is also connected to a water inlet pipe 9.
[0034] A horizontally arranged circular tubular inner furnace body 6 is also provided in the water jacket 8 , and the outer wall of the inner furnace body 6 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the water jacket 8 .
[0035] The central axes of the outer furnace body 15, the inner furnace body 6, the support tube 23 and the water jacket 8 coincide with each other.
[0036] The outer wall of the water jacket 8 is also rotatably supported and connected to the inner wall of the outer furnace body 15 via a rotatable connection mechanism.
[0037] Specifically, the rotation connection mechanism includes a plurality of limit rings 19 rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the water jacket 8 , and the limit rings 19 are also fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer furnace body 15 through a plurality of support rods 18 .
[0038] When the above solution is used, the water jacket 8 is suspended and fixed on the central axis of the outer furnace body 15 under the joint action of the first discharge cover 10 and the rotating connection mechanism. When the outer furnace body 15 rotates, the water jacket 8 can remain fixed.
[0039] The front end of the second discharge cover 20 is also provided with a circular opening, which protrudes outward to form a circular boss, and the rear end of the inner furnace body 6 rotates through the circular boss to communicate with the second discharge cover 20. The front end of the inner furnace body 6 passes through the water jacket 8 and is rotatably supported on the second rotation support mechanism 31, and the second rotation drive mechanism 30 is used to drive the inner furnace body 6 to rotate.
[0040] A hollow first spiral blade 7 is provided on the inner side wall of the inner furnace body 6 .
[0041] When the above solution is used, the second rotation support mechanism 31 and the water jacket 8 work together to realize the overhead rotation function of the inner furnace body 6, and the second rotation drive mechanism 30 realizes the on-demand rotation function of the inner furnace body 6. When the material is inside the inner furnace body 6, with the action of the second rotation drive mechanism 30, the material is moved from the front end of the inner furnace body 6 to the rear end of the inner furnace body 6, and falls into the second discharge cover 20. The second discharge cover 20 does not rotate with the restriction of the support pipe 23. The material falls and accumulates in the second discharge hopper 21 at the bottom of the second discharge cover 20, and the material is output to the rear end of the outer furnace body 15 under the action of the one-way cover valve 22.
[0042] A front cover 4 is fixedly mounted on the third support frame 29 , and the front end of the inner furnace body 6 is rotatably and sealingly connected to the front cover 4 . A feed port 5 is formed in the front cover 4 , and a feed mechanism is connected to the outside of the feed port 5 .
[0043] Specifically, the feeding mechanism includes a feeding pipe 3 connected to the feeding port 5 , the other end of the feeding pipe 3 is also connected to the feeding hopper 1 , and a feeding valve 2 is also provided in the feeding pipe 3 .
[0044] A fuel combustion zone 28 is also provided at the middle bottom outside the outer furnace body 15 , and the second exhaust port 24 is also connected to the fuel combustion zone 28 through an air guide pipe.
[0045] When the above solution is used, the second exhaust port 24 is used to exhaust the combustible gas in the inner furnace body 6 and guide the combustible gas to the combustion zone for combustion.
[0046] A first temperature sensor 32 is also provided in the support tube 23 , and the first temperature sensor 32 passes through the second discharge cover 20 and extends to the interior of the inner furnace body 6 . A second temperature sensor 33 is also provided on the first discharge cover 10 , and the second temperature sensor 33 passes through the first discharge cover 10 and extends to the interior of the outer furnace body 15 .
[0047] Working principle of the present invention:
[0048] Coconut shell particles are fed from the feed hopper 1, and the coconut shell particles enter the inner furnace body 6 through the feed pipe 3 and the feed port 5. The fuel combustion zone 28 directly heats the outer furnace body 15 by burning combustible gas. The heat is transferred to the water jacket 8 through the outer furnace body 15, and then transferred to the inner furnace body 6 through the water jacket 8. The inner furnace body 6 is used for carbonization of coconut shell particles, and the outer furnace body 15 is used for activation of the carbonized coconut shell particles. The function of the water jacket 8 is to add an adjustable component to the heat transfer between the inner furnace body 6 and the outer furnace body 15.
[0049] When the temperature of the inner furnace body 6 is too high, cold water is injected into the water jacket 8 through the water inlet pipe 9. The cold water can quickly evaporate in the water jacket 8 by absorbing the heat of the jacket wall of the water jacket 8 and the air in the water jacket 8, thereby forming water vapor. The water vapor is discharged into the outer furnace body 15 through the outlet pipe 17 at the top of the water jacket 8, providing water vapor for activation of the carbonized particles. At the same time, the injected cold water can also reduce the temperature in the water jacket 8, so that the temperature of the inner furnace body 6 is lower than the temperature of the outer furnace body 15, achieving the goal of keeping the carbonization temperature lower than the activation temperature under the same heating environment, meeting the process requirements.
[0050] By setting two rotating drive mechanisms to control the inner furnace body 6 and the outer furnace body 15 respectively, the outer furnace body 15 and the inner furnace body 6 can adjust the rotation speed according to their respective needs, fully meeting the different material conveying speed requirements caused by different carbonization processes and activation processes.
[0051] By providing the second discharge hood 20 and the one-way cover valve 22, the function of conveying carbonized particles from the inner furnace body 6 to the outer furnace body 15 is satisfied, and the gas isolation requirement between the inner furnace body 6 and the outer furnace body 15 is realized. It can isolate most of the air flow exchange between the inner furnace body 6 and the outer furnace body 15, avoid excessive water vapor entering the inner furnace body 6 to affect the carbonization of coconut shell particles, and avoid excessive carbonization pyrolysis gas entering the outer furnace body 15 to affect the activation of carbonized particles.
[0052] Through the multiple-layer design of the outer furnace body 15, the water jacket 8, and the inner furnace body 6, heat can be effectively utilized to achieve carbonization heating, water vapor supply and activation heating, and continuous feeding and continuous discharging, which not only saves combustible gas energy, but also improves the production rate of activated carbonization.
[0053] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A coconut shell charcoal carbonization activation device, comprising a bottom fixed seat and a first rotating support mechanism fixed on the bottom fixed seat, a second rotating support mechanism, a first rotating drive mechanism, a second rotating drive mechanism, a first support frame, a second support frame and a third support frame, wherein the first rotating support mechanism rotatably supports a horizontally arranged tubular outer furnace body, the first rotating drive mechanism is used to drive the outer furnace body to rotate, a first discharge cover is fixed on the first support frame, the front end of the outer furnace body is rotatably inserted into the cover body of the first discharge cover and communicated with the first discharge cover, the first discharge cover is provided with a first exhaust port, and a discharge mechanism is provided at the bottom of the first discharge cover, characterized in that: The rear end of the outer furnace body is closed and provided with a rear end wall, and a horizontally arranged support pipe is rotatably penetrated at the center of the rear end wall, the front end of the support pipe penetrates into the outer furnace body and is fixedly connected with a second discharge cover, a second discharge hopper is provided at the bottom of the second discharge hopper, and a one-way cover valve is provided at the bottom of the second discharge hopper, the rear end of the support pipe is closed and passes through the outer furnace body and is fixedly connected to the second support frame, a second exhaust port is also provided in the support pipe outside the outer furnace body, a hollow second spiral blade is provided on the inner wall of the outer furnace body, a horizontally arranged circular tubular water jacket is also provided in the outer furnace body, the inner wall and the outer wall of the water jacket are hollowed out to form a closed circular column cavity, a plurality of air outlet pipes are also provided on the top of the water jacket, the front end of the water jacket is fixedly penetrated in the cover body of the first discharge cover, and the front end bottom of the water jacket is also connected A water inlet pipe, a horizontally arranged circular tubular inner furnace body is also arranged in the water jacket, the outer wall of the inner furnace body is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the water jacket, the central axes of the outer furnace body, the inner furnace body, the support pipe and the water jacket coincide with each other, the outer wall of the water jacket is also rotatably supported and connected to the inner side wall of the outer furnace body through a rotating connection mechanism, the rear end of the inner furnace body is rotatably penetrated in the cover body of the second discharge cover and is connected to the second discharge cover, the front end of the inner furnace body passes through the water jacket and is rotatably supported on the second rotating support mechanism, a hollow first spiral blade is provided on the inner side wall of the inner furnace body, the second rotating drive mechanism is used to drive the inner furnace body to rotate, a front cover is also fixed on the third support frame, the front end of the inner furnace body is rotatably and sealedly connected to the front cover, a feed port is also opened in the front cover, and a feed mechanism is also connected outside the feed port.
2. The coconut shell charcoal carbonization and activation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharging mechanism comprises a first discharging hopper arranged at the bottom of the first discharging cover, and a discharging valve is arranged at the bottom of the first discharging hopper.
3. The coconut shell charcoal carbonization and activation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating connection mechanism comprises a plurality of limiting rings rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the water jacket, and the limiting rings are also fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer furnace body through a plurality of supporting rods.
4. The coconut shell charcoal carbonization and activation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism comprises a feeding pipe connected to the feeding port, the other end of the feeding pipe is also connected to a feeding hopper, and a feeding valve is also arranged in the feeding pipe.
5. The coconut shell charcoal carbonization and activation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fuel combustion zone is also provided at the middle bottom outside the outer furnace body, and the second exhaust port is also connected to the fuel combustion zone through an air guide pipe.
6. The coconut shell charcoal carbonization and activation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first temperature sensor is also provided in the support tube, and the first temperature sensor passes through the second discharge cover and extends to the inside of the inner furnace body. A second temperature sensor is also provided on the first discharge cover, and the second temperature sensor passes through the first discharge cover and extends to the inside of the outer furnace body.