Mechanism output shaft for power equipment, preparation method and application

Abstract

The invention provides a mechanism output shaft for power equipment, a preparation method and application. The preparation method of the mechanism output shaft for the power equipment comprises the following steps: S1, providing a matrix raw material; s2, the base body raw material is machined into a shaft body, then surface treatment is conducted on the shaft body, and a shaft base body is obtained; s3, the shaft base body serves as a cathode to be subjected to electrochemical treatment, and a primary output shaft is obtained; the current density of the electrochemical treatment is 0.8-10 A / dm < 2 >, and the duration of the electrochemical treatment is 20-60 min; an electrolyte adopted in the electrochemical treatment contains main salt, sodium hydroxide, a nickel complexing agent, triethanolamine and cobaltous sulfate, and the main salt comprises zinc salt and nickel salt; and S4, passivating the primary product output shaft to obtain the mechanism output shaft for the electrical equipment. The mechanical property, the size precision and the corrosion resistance of the mechanism output shaft for the power equipment can be considered at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the electrical field, and in particular relates to a mechanism output shaft for electric power equipment, a preparation method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] A large number of power equipment are needed to dispatch and control the operation of the power grid in the power system, such as transformers for converting voltage, circuit breakers and disconnectors for switching circuits, etc. Power equipment is usually divided into two parts: high voltage and low voltage circuits. The high voltage part is directly in contact with the power grid current of 10kV and above and maintains a certain safe distance from the ground through insulators, while the control and operation power supply voltage level of the low voltage part is lower, usually below 380V, to ensure the safety of the ground operators. The contacts, conductive arms and other components of the high voltage part are large and heavy, and require a large operating force when operating. For this reason, a special operating mechanism needs to be set up for the low voltage part, which stores and releases energy through motors, hydraulic mechanisms and springs to ensure that the operating force or output work in a short time meets the requirements; the operating mechanism of the low voltage circuit contains electronic components that must be placed in a sealed box, while the contacts and conductors of the high voltage circuit are located outdoors. The operating mechanism releases the operating force or torque through the output shaft, and the output shaft is then connected to the external connecting rod, crank arm and other transmission devices to transmit the force to the high voltage circuit and drive the high voltage components to operate. Therefore, the output shaft is a key component that connects the low-voltage part and the high-voltage part of the power equipment and transmits the operating force or torque, and usually extends from inside the mechanism box to outside the mechanism box.

[0003] The transmission parts of the operating mechanism are subject to large forces and impact loads during operation, so they are required to use steel parts with good mechanical properties. However, steel parts are prone to corrosion, so the surface needs to be anti-corrosive to ensure long-term reliability. At present, the connecting rods, crank arms and other steel parts in the power industry are hot-dip galvanized for corrosion protection. According to the standard, the galvanizing thickness is greater than 65 microns, and it is not easy to rust during outdoor operation. The steel transmission parts in the mechanism box have strict requirements on dimensional accuracy, and the coating cannot be too thick. At present, electrogalvanizing or blackening and bluing processes are used for corrosion protection. The anti-corrosion protective layer is very thin, and the thickness of electrogalvanizing is usually less than 15 microns. The oxide protective film formed by blackening and bluing is thinner, usually less than 5 microns. Since the mechanism box is equipped with a heating and moisture-removing device, the internal air is dry and clean, which can also meet the anti-corrosion requirements. However, one end of the output shaft of the mechanism is inside the mechanism box, and the other end extends outside the box. There is a contradiction between dimensional accuracy and corrosion protection. In order to connect with transmission parts such as motors and gears, its dimensional accuracy requirements are also high. Hot-dip galvanizing with a thicker coating cannot be used for corrosion protection. At present, electroplating is used for corrosion protection. Due to process limitations, the coating thickness of electroplating does not exceed 30 microns, which cannot meet the needs of outdoor corrosion protection. It is found in operation that the output shafts of many power equipment will rust in a short time. After rusting, it will lead to poor transmission coordination and greater friction resistance, causing the operating mechanism to get stuck or even refuse to move. The equipment cannot operate normally, affecting the safety of the power grid. If the output shaft of the mechanism is replaced with corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy, the corrosion resistance meets the requirements, but its strength is low, and deformation or fracture may occur. Therefore, the output shaft of the mechanism of power equipment needs to meet multiple requirements of good mechanical properties, high dimensional accuracy and good corrosion resistance at the same time, and materials and processes face challenges.

[0004] In view of this, it is necessary to provide an output shaft of a mechanism for electric equipment, a preparation method and an application thereof, so as to solve or at least alleviate the technical problem of how to simultaneously take into account the mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy and corrosion resistance of the output shaft of a mechanism for electric equipment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an output shaft of a mechanism for electric equipment, a preparation method and an application, aiming to solve the above-mentioned technical problem of how to simultaneously take into account the mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy and corrosion resistance of the output shaft of a mechanism for electric equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing an output shaft of a mechanism for electric power equipment, comprising the steps of: S1, providing a matrix raw material, wherein the matrix raw material includes carbon steel or alloy steel; S2, processing the base raw material into a shaft body, and then performing surface treatment on the shaft body to obtain a shaft base; S3, using the shaft substrate as a cathode to perform electrochemical treatment to obtain a primary output shaft; The current density of the electrochemical treatment is 0.8-10A / dm 2 , the duration of the electrochemical treatment is 20-60 minutes; the electrolyte used in the electrochemical treatment contains a main salt, sodium hydroxide, a nickel complexing agent, triethanolamine, and cobalt sulfate, and the main salt includes a zinc salt and a nickel salt; the concentration of the zinc salt in the electrolyte is 7-16 g / L, the concentration of the nickel salt in the electrolyte is 10-26 g / L, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide in the electrolyte is 80-150 g / L, the concentration of the nickel complexing agent in the electrolyte is 10-41 g / L, the concentration of the triethanolamine in the electrolyte is 20-60 g / L, and the concentration of the cobalt sulfate in the electrolyte is 0.08-2 g / L; S4, passivating the primary output shaft to obtain a mechanism output shaft for electric power equipment.

[0007] Furthermore, the carbon steel includes 40# steel or 45# steel; and the alloy steel includes one of 40Cr steel, 42CrMo steel, and 35CrMo steel.

[0008] Furthermore, the surface treatment includes: cleaning the surface of the shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the surface treatment also includes: after completing the surface cleaning, performing surface activation on the shaft; the surface activation includes: after the surface cleaning, immersing the shaft in an acid solution.

[0010] Furthermore, the acid solution includes a hydrochloric acid solution, the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 3-8%, and the shaft is immersed in the acid solution for 1-5 minutes.

[0011] Furthermore, the electrolyte also contains iron salt, and the concentration of the iron salt in the electrolyte is 1-3 g / L.

[0012] Furthermore, the electrolyte also contains a brightener; the concentration of the brightener in the electrolyte is 3-15 g / L.

[0013] Furthermore, the electrochemically treated anode contains one or more of zinc, nickel and iron.

[0014] The present invention also provides a mechanism output shaft for electric power equipment, comprising: preparing the mechanism output shaft by any of the above-mentioned methods for preparing the mechanism output shaft for electric power equipment.

[0015] The present invention also provides an application of an output shaft of a mechanism for electric power equipment as described above in electric power equipment.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages: The present invention aims at the problem that the output shaft of the mechanism used in the current power equipment requires good mechanical properties, high dimensional accuracy, and adaptability to the indoor and outdoor corrosion protection needs, but it is difficult to take all three into account. A method for preparing the output shaft of the mechanism used in the power equipment is provided, and a mechanism output shaft that meets the requirements is prepared; the mechanism output shaft in the present invention has both excellent mechanical properties and good assembly accuracy, and meets the outdoor corrosion protection needs, which can effectively ensure the long-term reliable operation of the equipment, reduce failures such as mechanism jamming, refusal to move, and even breakage, and improve the safety of the power grid.

[0017] The present invention uses carbon steel or alloy steel as the base raw material of the mechanism output shaft, and obtains the shaft base after processing and surface treatment; then, on the basis of adding additives such as a nickel complexing agent and cobalt sulfate, a zinc-nickel alloy plating layer or a zinc-nickel-iron alloy plating layer is electrochemically deposited on the surface of the shaft base, and the surface hardness and corrosion resistance of the mechanism output shaft can reach more than twice that of the original electroplated zinc; because the alloy plating of the mechanism output shaft in the present invention is mainly zinc, and a proper amount of other elements are added, the electrochemical protection is also close to that of electroplated pure zinc, even if the surface plating of the output shaft is damaged due to long-term operation, it can still provide better protection performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is the operating condition diagram of the output shaft of the mechanism for power equipment; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the output shaft of the mechanism in the present invention.

[0020] Figure numerals: 1. Transmission component; 2. Mechanism output shaft; 3. Mechanism box; 4. Motor; 5. Shaft base; 6. Alloy coating.

[0021] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the implementation methods and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Furthermore, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, but this must be based on the fact that they can be implemented by ordinary technicians in the field. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0024] When numerical ranges are given in the embodiments, it should be understood that, unless otherwise specified in the present invention, both endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention are familiar to those skilled in the art and the description of the present invention, and any methods, equipment and materials of the prior art similar or equivalent to the methods, equipment and materials described in the embodiments of the present invention can also be used to implement the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that see Figure 1 As shown, when the output shaft 2 of the mechanism for electric equipment is in operation, one end is outside the mechanism box 3 and connected to the transmission component 1 outside the mechanism box 3; the other end is inside the mechanism box 3 and connected to the motor 4 inside the mechanism box; the output shaft of the mechanism for electric equipment must meet the requirements of mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy and corrosion resistance at the same time. Among them, the transmission component 1 outside the mechanism box 3 is mainly used to transmit force to the conductive arm and contact of the high-voltage circuit to make it move; the mechanism box 3 is a closed box, and a heating and moisture-removing device is installed inside it.

[0026] The present invention provides a method for preparing an output shaft of a mechanism for electric power equipment, comprising the steps of: S1, providing a matrix raw material, wherein the matrix raw material includes carbon steel or alloy steel.

[0027] Specifically, the carbon steel may include 40# steel or 45# steel; the alloy steel may include one of 40Cr steel, 42CrMo steel, and 35CrMo steel. When the output torque exceeds 80N·m, the matrix raw material is alloy steel to achieve a smaller size, a smaller deadweight load, a higher matching accuracy, and better fatigue resistance.

[0028] S2, processing the base raw material into a shaft body, and then performing surface treatment on the shaft body to obtain a shaft base.

[0029] In the present invention, the method of processing the matrix raw material into the shaft body may include: forging and processing the matrix raw material in sequence.

[0030] The forging may include: determining the size of the output shaft of the mechanism according to the diameter of the motor output shaft of the operating mechanism and the size of the transmission component matched therewith, forming the base raw material by forging to make it into a cylindrical shaft body, and performing a tempering heat treatment; the tempering heat treatment is a conventional method in the field, usually determined according to the material brand used and the national standard GB / T699 and the national standard GB / T3077; illustratively, the tempering heat treatment includes quenching and tempering in sequence, the quenching temperature can be 830~880℃, the tempering temperature can be 530~620℃, and the tempering time can be 0.8~3h.

[0031] The processing may include: finishing the surface of the shaft body by mechanical processing, finely adjusting it to the required size, and opening keyways and splines on the surface of the shaft body as required; the dimensional tolerance meets the requirements of the transmission parts that cooperate with it, and the surface roughness is reduced by finishing to make it smoother, which is convenient for subsequent surface processing.

[0032] In the present invention, the surface treatment includes: cleaning the surface of the shaft. The surface treatment also includes: after the surface cleaning is completed, surface activation of the shaft; the surface activation includes: after the surface cleaning, immersing the shaft in an acid solution.

[0033] The surface cleaning may include: cleaning, degreasing and washing the shaft in sequence.

[0034] The cleaning may include: cleaning the surface of the shaft body, removing dirt, metal chips and other attachments on the surface of the shaft body and in the keyway.

[0035] The degreasing may include: degreasing the surface of the shaft body, specifically, soaking or wiping the shaft body with gasoline organic solvent (or other degreasing solvent) until there is no obvious oil stain on the surface of the shaft body.

[0036] The water washing may include: after the degreasing is completed, washing the shaft body with water. Specifically, the shaft body may be cleaned in running water, and observing that the surface is fully wetted indicates that the oil stains are completely removed; otherwise, repeating the degreasing and the water washing in sequence.

[0037] In the present invention, the surface activation includes: after the surface is cleaned, the shaft is immersed in an acid solution; the acid solution includes a hydrochloric acid solution, the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 3-8%, and the shaft is immersed in the acid solution for 1-5 minutes. The surface activation is mainly for rust removal and activation. The shaft is immersed in the hydrochloric acid solution for a certain period of time to remove slight rust on the surface and activate the metal to ensure the quality of the subsequent alloy coating; after the surface activation, the shaft is usually cleaned with water.

[0038] S3, using the shaft substrate as a cathode for electrochemical treatment to obtain a preliminary output shaft, wherein the surface of the preliminary output shaft has an alloy coating; the electrochemical treatment can be understood as electrochemical deposition.

[0039] In the present invention, the current density of the electrochemical treatment is 0.8~10A / dm 2 or 1~10A / dm 2 or 1~3A / dm 2 , the duration of the electrochemical treatment is 20 to 60 minutes; in the present invention, the thickness of the alloy coating is controlled to reach 18 to 40 microns or 20 to 40 microns by the time of the electrochemical treatment.

[0040] The electrolyte used in the electrochemical treatment contains a main salt, sodium hydroxide, a nickel complexing agent, triethanolamine, and cobalt sulfate, wherein the main salt includes a zinc salt and a nickel salt. The concentration of the zinc salt in the electrolyte is 7-16 g / L, and can further be 8-15 g / L; the concentration of the nickel salt in the electrolyte is 10-26 g / L, and can further be 12-25 g / L; the concentration of the sodium hydroxide in the electrolyte is 80-150 g / L, and can further be 100-140 g / L; the concentration of the nickel complexing agent in the electrolyte is 10-41 g / L, and can further be 20-40 g / L; the concentration of the triethanolamine in the electrolyte is 20-60 g / L, and can further be 30-40 g / L; the concentration of the cobalt sulfate in the electrolyte is 0.08-2 g / L, and can further be 0.1-1 g / L.

[0041] As a further description of the zinc salt and the nickel salt, the ratio of the zinc salt to the nickel salt needs to ensure that the mass ratio of the nickel element to the zinc element in the alloy coating is not less than 5:95.

[0042] In the present invention, the electrolyte may also contain iron salt, and the concentration of the iron salt in the electrolyte is 1-3 g / L; the amount of the iron salt added needs to ensure that the mass percentage of the iron element in the alloy coating does not exceed 5%. The electrolyte may also contain a brightener; the concentration of the brightener in the electrolyte is 3-15 g / L, and may further be 4-14 g / L. The brightener used in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention is DPE-3; the brightener is a mature product available on the market, generally an alkaline zincate, such as DPE-1, DPE-3, etc., which can increase the brightness of the surface metal layer.

[0043] As a further description of the electrochemical treatment, the anode of the electrochemical treatment includes one or more of zinc, nickel, and iron; specifically, it can be one of a zinc plate, a nickel plate, and an iron plate.

[0044] In the present invention, the zinc salt may include one or more of zinc oxide, zinc chloride, and zinc sulfate; the nickel salt may include one or more of nickel chloride, nickel sulfate, and nickel carbonate; the iron salt may include one or more of ferrous sulfate, ferrous chloride, and ferric chloride; the nickel complexing agent may include one or more of citric acid and tartaric acid, or the nickel complexing agent may be other special nickel complexing agents.

[0045] In the present invention, the electrolyte is prepared by deionized water or distilled water. When preparing the electrolyte, care should be taken to prevent the precipitation of nickel hydroxide and the like, and the electrolyte should be stirred while being added and heated appropriately but not exceeding 70°C.

[0046] When the present invention performs the electrochemical treatment, the shaft substrate is connected to a DC power supply as a cathode, and a zinc plate, a nickel plate or an iron plate is connected to a DC power supply as an anode. Both the cathode and the anode are immersed in the electrolyte, and the power supply is controlled to pass current for electrochemical deposition.

[0047] As the main components such as the zinc salt, the nickel salt, the iron salt, the nickel complexing agent, and the cobalt sulfate are deposited, their contents in the electrolyte will inevitably decrease, and they need to be replenished in time to ensure the concentration. Therefore, during the electrochemical treatment, the main salt, the nickel complexing agent, and the cobalt sulfate in the electrolyte can be controlled to be in or substantially in the initial concentration range; specifically, during use, water should be replenished in time, and the zinc salt, the nickel salt, the iron salt, the nickel complexing agent, and the cobalt sulfate should be replenished according to the surface quality of the parts and the consumption of raw materials, and the replenishment should be mainly small and frequent.

[0048] S4, passivating the primary output shaft to obtain a mechanism output shaft for electric power equipment.

[0049] That is, the present invention deposits a uniform, fine, continuous and complete coating on the surface of the shaft substrate, and then performs the passivation treatment; the passivation treatment includes: passivating the primary output shaft with a passivator for 5 to 30 minutes, and then washing and drying. The passivator includes one or more of chromic anhydride, chromic acid, chromate, and other special passivators; illustratively, the passivator includes chromic acid, and the mass concentration of chromic acid in the passivator is generally not more than 20%, and can be specifically 1 to 3%. The passivation process belongs to conventional means in the art.

[0050] The present invention can also perform dehydrogenation treatment as required. For example, when the output torque of the output shaft is higher than 100 N·m, the temperature is kept at 190-240° C. for 2-3 hours. The hydrogen atoms that penetrate into the coating or the base metal are released by heat treatment to reduce hydrogen embrittlement.

[0051] The output shaft of the mechanism finally obtained by the present invention is a carbon steel or alloy steel substrate, and the surface is covered with the alloy coating of zinc-nickel or zinc-nickel-iron system; in the present invention, the thickness of the alloy coating is 18-40 microns; the alloy coating contains 5-15% nickel by mass, no more than 5% iron by mass (can be 3.5-4.5%), no more than 1% cobalt by mass (can be 0.05-0.3%), and the rest is zinc (can be 80-95%). The tensile strength of the component performance test exceeds 565MPa, the neutral salt spray resistance time exceeds 1000h, the electrode potential is lower than -0.60V, it has good corrosion resistance, the surface hardness exceeds 200HV, and the dimensional tolerance meets the assembly accuracy.

[0052] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the matrix raw material is carbon steel, and the current density is 0.08~2A / dm 2 , the electrochemical treatment time is 25-35 min; the raw materials in the electrolyte can be consistent with those in Example 1; the concentration of the zinc salt in the electrolyte is 7-9 g / L, the concentration of the nickel salt in the electrolyte is 11-13 g / L, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide in the electrolyte is 95-105 g / L, the concentration of the nickel complexing agent in the electrolyte is 15-25 g / L, the concentration of the triethanolamine in the electrolyte is 35-45 g / L, and the The concentration of the cobalt sulfate in the electrolyte is 0.08-0.12 g / L, the concentration of the iron salt in the electrolyte is 1-3 g / L; the concentration of the brightener in the electrolyte is 3-5 g / L; the thickness of the alloy coating is 19-21 microns; in the alloy coating, the mass fraction of nickel is 13-15%, the mass fraction of iron is 3.5-4.5%, the mass fraction of cobalt is 0.05-0.07%, and the rest is zinc (the mass fraction of zinc can be 80-83%).

[0053] As another optional embodiment of the present invention, the matrix raw material is alloy steel, and the current density is 2-5A / dm 2, the electrochemical treatment time is 35-45min; the raw materials in the electrolyte can be consistent with those in Example 2; the concentration of the zinc salt in the electrolyte is 14-16g / L, the concentration of the nickel salt in the electrolyte is 24-26g / L, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide in the electrolyte is 135-145g / L, the concentration of the nickel complexing agent in the electrolyte is 35-45g / L, the concentration of the triethanolamine in the electrolyte is 25-35g / L, the concentration of the cobalt sulfate in the electrolyte is 0.9-1.1g / L; the concentration of the brightener in the electrolyte is 13-15g / L; the thickness of the alloy coating is 33-35 microns. In the alloy coating, the mass fraction of nickel is 11-13%, the mass fraction of cobalt is 0.1-0.3%, and the rest is zinc (the mass fraction of zinc can be 86-88%).

[0054] The present invention breaks through traditional constraints and obtains the final output shaft component by electrochemically depositing an alloy coating on carbon steel or alloy steel, taking into account mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy and corrosion resistance. It is suitable for working conditions where the operating force of the operating mechanism of power equipment is large and the equipment operates indoors and outdoors at the same time. It has high long-term reliability and strong practicality.

[0055] The present invention also provides a mechanism output shaft for electric power equipment, comprising: preparing the mechanism output shaft by any of the above-mentioned methods for preparing the mechanism output shaft for electric power equipment.

[0056] See also Figure 2 As shown, the output shaft 2 for the mechanism of the power equipment in the present invention is composed of a shaft base 5 and an alloy coating 6, and the alloy coating 6 is located on the outside of the shaft base 5. The shaft base 5 is the axis of the output shaft 2 of the mechanism, which is a high-quality carbon steel or low-alloy steel base; the alloy coating 6 is the surface layer of the output shaft 2 of the mechanism, which is formed by electrochemical deposition.

[0057] The present invention also provides an application of an output shaft of a mechanism for electric power equipment as described above in electric power equipment.

[0058] The following are specific examples of the present invention: Example 1 A method for preparing an output shaft of a mechanism for electric power equipment, comprising the following steps: 1. A 110kV disconnector operating mechanism uses a motor with an output torque of 60N·m, and the output shaft uses 40# steel as the base material (base raw material) for standby use.

[0059] 2. According to the size of the motor, the output shaft diameter is designed to be 36mm. The base material 40# steel with a diameter of 40mm is forged to obtain a cylinder with an outer diameter of 37~38mm. The cylinder is subjected to tempering heat treatment, specifically, first heated to 840℃ for quenching, and then tempered at 600℃ for 1h.

[0060] 3. Use CNC lathe processing to trim the cylinder to a diameter of 36 mm, and use a milling machine to open a keyway on the surface. The surface is turned flat with a roughness of less than 3.2 microns to obtain the shaft.

[0061] 4. Clean the shaft surface and remove dirt, metal chips and other attachments on the shaft surface and in the keyway.

[0062] 5. Soak and wipe the surface of the shaft with gasoline to remove oil stains.

[0063] 6. Clean the shaft in running water.

[0064] 7. Soak the shaft in a 5% hydrochloric acid solution for 3 minutes to remove slight rust on the surface and activate the metal. After completion, rinse with water to obtain the shaft base.

[0065] 8. Prepare alloy plating electrolyte according to 8g / L zinc oxide, 12g / L nickel sulfate, 100g / L sodium hydroxide, 20g / L citric acid, 40g / L triethanolamine, 0.1g / L cobalt sulfate, 4g / L brightener, 2.8g / L ferrous sulfate, and add deionized water to a total volume of 1L. Prepare a total of 50L electrolyte according to the above ratio, stir while adding, and heat to 70°C to prevent precipitation.

[0066] 9. Connect the shaft substrate to a DC power supply as the cathode and the zinc plate as the anode. Both the cathode and the anode are immersed in the alloy coating electrolyte. The current density is controlled by the power supply to 1A / dm 2 , electrochemical deposition is carried out on the surface of the shaft substrate for 30 minutes to obtain a primary output shaft.

[0067] 10. During the electrochemical deposition process, the alloy plating electrolyte should be replenished with water in time, and zinc oxide, nickel sulfate, ferrous sulfate, citric acid and cobalt sulfate should be supplemented according to the surface quality of the parts and the consumption of raw materials. When supplementing, add small amounts and add them frequently, so as to control the concentrations of zinc oxide, nickel sulfate, ferrous sulfate, citric acid and cobalt sulfate to be close to the initial concentrations without a significant decrease.

[0068] 11. Passivate the initial output shaft with a 3% mass concentration H2CrO4 solution for 5 minutes, then wash and dry to obtain the final mechanism output shaft.

[0069] In this embodiment, the output shaft of the mechanism is a 40# steel substrate, the surface of which is covered with a zinc-nickel-iron alloy coating with a coating thickness of 20 microns. The coating contains 14.07% nickel by mass, 4.11% iron by mass, 0.06% cobalt by mass, and 81.7% zinc by mass.

[0070] In this embodiment, the output shaft of the mechanism is tested, and the tensile strength test is 574MPa, it is resistant to neutral salt spray for 1000h without corrosion, the electrode potential is -0.7V, which is close to the potential of electroplated pure zinc -0.76V; the surface hardness is 220HV, and the dimensional tolerance is increased by 0.02mm due to the thickness of the coating, which meets the assembly accuracy requirements; it has been checked for corrosion after more than 3 years of operation on site.

[0071] Example 2 A method for preparing an output shaft of a mechanism for electric power equipment, comprising the following steps: 1. The output shaft of the operating mechanism of a 220kV substation switch equipment selects 35CrMo alloy steel as the base material (base raw material) for standby use.

[0072] 2. The base material 35CrMo alloy steel is forged to obtain a cylinder with a diameter slightly larger than the final diameter of the output shaft; and a quenching and tempering heat treatment is performed, specifically, first heating to 850°C for quenching, and then tempering at 550°C for 2h.

[0073] 3. Use CNC lathe processing to trim the cylinder to the nominal diameter, and use a milling machine to open a keyway on the surface and cut the surface smooth to obtain the shaft.

[0074] 4. Clean the shaft surface and remove dirt, metal chips and other attachments on the shaft surface and in the keyway.

[0075] 5. Soak and wipe the surface of the shaft with degreasing cleaning agent to remove oil stains.

[0076] 6. Clean the shaft in running water.

[0077] 7. Soak the shaft in a 5% hydrochloric acid solution for 2 minutes to remove slight rust on the surface and activate the metal. After completion, rinse with water to obtain the shaft base.

[0078] 8. Prepare alloy plating electrolyte according to 15g / L zinc oxide, 25g / L nickel sulfate, 140g / L sodium hydroxide, 40g / L tartaric acid, 30g / L triethanolamine, 1g / L cobalt sulfate, and 14g / L brightener, and add deionized water to a total volume of 1L. Prepare a total of 50L electrolyte according to the above ratio, stir while adding, and heat to 70°C to prevent precipitation.

[0079] 9. Connect the shaft substrate to a DC power supply as the cathode and the zinc plate as the anode. Both the cathode and the anode are immersed in the alloy coating electrolyte. The current density is controlled by the power supply to 3A / dm 2 , allow the surface of the component to undergo electrochemical deposition for 40 minutes to obtain a primary output shaft.

[0080] 10. During the use of the alloy plating electrolyte, water should be added in time, and zinc oxide, nickel sulfate, tartaric acid and cobalt sulfate should be added according to the surface quality of the parts and the consumption of raw materials. When adding, add small amounts and add frequently to control the concentration of zinc oxide, nickel sulfate, tartaric acid and cobalt sulfate to be close to the initial concentration without a significant decrease.

[0081] 11. Passivate the initial output shaft with a 1% mass concentration H2CrO4 solution for 10 minutes, then wash and dry to obtain the final mechanism output shaft.

[0082] In this embodiment, the output shaft of the mechanism is a 35CrMo steel substrate, the surface of which is covered with a zinc-nickel alloy coating with a coating thickness of 34 microns. The coating contains 12.1% nickel by mass, 0.2% cobalt by mass, and 87.5% zinc by mass.

[0083] In this embodiment, the output shaft of the mechanism is tested, and the tensile strength test is 995MPa, the neutral salt spray resistance is 1500h without corrosion, the electrode potential is -0.61V, which is slightly higher than the electro-galvanizing potential of -0.76V, but lower than the electrode potential of iron of -0.44V, and still has an electrochemical protection effect; the surface hardness is 240HV, and the dimensional tolerance is increased by 0.034mm due to the thickness of the coating, which meets the assembly accuracy requirements; there is still no corrosion after more than 2 years of operation on site.

[0084] Comparative Example 1 The base of the output shaft of a 110kV disconnector operating mechanism is 40# steel. Due to the assembly accuracy requirements of the transmission parts, the surface is protected by electrogalvanizing with a galvanizing thickness of 20 microns.

[0085] The output shaft of the mechanism in this comparative example was found to have severe surface corrosion and red rust during the equipment installation stage, before it was put into operation. The rust spots extended from the output shaft outside the mechanism box to a range of 20 cm inside the mechanism box. Subsequent tests showed that the output shaft coating was pure zinc with a surface hardness of 50HV, and severe corrosion was found after 480 hours of neutral salt spray test. In addition, due to its soft hardness, local damage often occurs due to friction and collision during installation or operation.

[0086] Comparative Example 2 The output shaft of the voltage regulating switch mechanism of a transformer in a substation is made of 304 stainless steel.

[0087] After the output shaft of the mechanism of this comparative example was operated, it was found that the stainless steel shaft had a certain torsional deformation and cracks appeared on the surface; the tensile strength of the subsequent test component was 530MPa, which was lower than the strength of the output shaft of carbon steel or low alloy steel; intergranular corrosion cracks appeared after 1000h of neutral salt spray test, and the corrosion resistance was lower than that of Example 1 and Example 2.

[0088] Comparative Example 3 The output shaft of the circuit breaker mechanism of a certain substation is made of aluminum alloy.

[0089] After the output shaft of the mechanism of this comparative example was put into operation, it was found that multiple aluminum alloy output shaft surfaces had corrosion cracking; the tensile strength of the subsequent test parts was 230 MPa, which was much lower than the strength of carbon steel or low alloy steel output shafts; intergranular corrosion cracks appeared after 720 hours of neutral salt spray test, and the corrosion resistance was lower than that of Examples 1 and 2.

[0090] Comparative Example 4 Compared with Example 2, in this comparative example, cobalt sulfate was omitted from the electrolyte, and other conditions remained unchanged.

[0091] The surface of the output shaft of the mechanism in this comparative example is covered with a zinc-nickel alloy plating, but does not contain cobalt, and the density and adhesion of the plating are deteriorated; the corrosion resistance is reduced, and the neutral salt spray resistance time is about 1200h with corrosion, and the surface hardness is reduced to 180HV, which is more susceptible to friction, collision and failure during installation or operation.

[0092] Comparative Example 5 Compared with Example 2, in this comparative example, 40 g / L of tartaric acid in the electrolyte was replaced with 5 g / L of tartaric acid, and other conditions remained unchanged.

[0093] The stability of nickel in the electrolyte in this comparative example decreases, and more precipitates are precipitated, resulting in a slower electrochemical deposition rate. Under the same deposition time, the coating thickness is only about 10 microns, and the mass fraction of nickel in the alloy coating is less than 5%; the corrosion resistance of the output shaft of the mechanism is greatly reduced, and the neutral salt spray resistance time is about 540h with corrosion.

[0094] The above technical solutions of the present invention are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the technical concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an output shaft of a mechanism for electric power equipment, characterized in that: Includes steps: S1, providing a matrix raw material, wherein the matrix raw material includes carbon steel or alloy steel; S2, processing the base raw material into a shaft body, and then performing surface treatment on the shaft body to obtain a shaft base; S3, using the shaft substrate as a cathode to perform electrochemical treatment to obtain a primary output shaft; The current density of the electrochemical treatment is 0.8-10A / dm 2 , the duration of the electrochemical treatment is 20-60 minutes; the electrolyte used in the electrochemical treatment contains a main salt, sodium hydroxide, a nickel complexing agent, triethanolamine, and cobalt sulfate, and the main salt includes a zinc salt and a nickel salt; the concentration of the zinc salt in the electrolyte is 7-16 g / L, the concentration of the nickel salt in the electrolyte is 10-26 g / L, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide in the electrolyte is 80-150 g / L, the concentration of the nickel complexing agent in the electrolyte is 10-41 g / L, the concentration of the triethanolamine in the electrolyte is 20-60 g / L, and the concentration of the cobalt sulfate in the electrolyte is 0.08-2 g / L; S4, passivating the primary output shaft to obtain a mechanism output shaft for electric power equipment.

2. The method for preparing an output shaft of a mechanism for electric power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carbon steel includes 40# steel or 45# steel; the alloy steel includes one of 40Cr steel, 42CrMo steel and 35CrMo steel.

3. The method for preparing an output shaft of a mechanism for electric power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface treatment includes: cleaning the surface of the shaft body.

4. The method for preparing an output shaft of a mechanism for electric power equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface treatment further comprises: after the surface cleaning is completed, performing surface activation on the shaft body; the surface activation comprises: after the surface cleaning, immersing the shaft body in an acid solution.

5. The method for preparing the output shaft of the mechanism for electric power equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The acid solution includes a hydrochloric acid solution, the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 3-8%, and the shaft body is immersed in the acid solution for 1-5 minutes.

6. The method for preparing an output shaft of a mechanism for electric power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte further contains iron salt, and the concentration of the iron salt in the electrolyte is 1-3 g / L.

7. The method for preparing an output shaft of a mechanism for electric power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte also contains a brightener; the concentration of the brightener in the electrolyte is 3-15 g / L.

8. The method for preparing an output shaft of a mechanism for electric power equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrochemically treated anode comprises one or more of zinc, nickel and iron.

9. An output shaft of a mechanism for electric power equipment, characterized in that: include: The method for preparing the output shaft of a mechanism for electric power equipment as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is used for preparation.

10. Use of the output shaft of the mechanism for electric power equipment as claimed in claim 9 in electric power equipment.

Images