Pavement plate structure for photovoltaic and friction nano-composite power generation and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic and friction nanometer composite power generation pavement plate structure and a construction method, the pavement plate structure is mainly composed of an anti-skid light transmission surface layer, a photovoltaic power generation layer, a honeycomb friction nanometer power generation layer and an electrical base layer from top to bottom, and the pavement construction method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing and installing the electrical base layer; s2, prefabricating and assembling the honeycomb-shaped friction nanometer power generation layer; s3, arranging and connecting a photovoltaic cell panel; s4, prefabricating and mounting the anti-sliding light-transmitting surface layer; and S5, pavement plate structures are laid. The structure not only can meet various pavement performance indexes of a traditional pavement structure, but also can generate electricity by utilizing the combination of solar energy and mechanical energy generated by automobile vibration, can overcome the defect that the traditional solar pavement is not high in electricity generation efficiency at night, in cloudy and rainy weather and when the traffic flow is relatively large, and fully exerts the energy capturing capability of the pavement; and the development requirement of green traffic is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of road engineering and energy collection technology, and in particular to a pavement plate structure and construction method based on photovoltaic and friction nano composite power generation. Background Art

[0002] In order to solve the increasingly severe global energy shortage and climate warming problems, accelerating the development and utilization of renewable energy such as solar energy and wind energy is of great significance for protecting the ecological environment, responding to climate change, improving the energy structure, and achieving sustainable economic and social development. However, traditional energy collection facilities need to occupy a large amount of land resources during application, and long-distance deployment brings a lot of losses, which has become an important factor restricting its development.

[0003] Making full use of my country's abundant road resources to carry out road energy collection and utilization will significantly improve the above-mentioned problems. Making full use of solar energy resources in the road field can not only solve the shortcomings of traditional roads that occupy a large area and have a single function, but also provide power support for road ancillary facilities (such as street lights, traffic lights and speed radars), electric vehicle charging facilities, road intelligent sensing equipment, smart traffic control equipment, etc., to meet the construction goals of intelligent and green roads.

[0004] However, vehicle shadows and rainy weather will cause traditional photovoltaic pavements to fail to achieve the expected power generation performance. Considering collecting the vibration energy generated by vehicle driving can further enhance the energy capture capacity of the pavement structure. A large number of studies have shown that friction nano-power generation technology has significant advantages in collecting low-frequency, irregular vibration energy. Therefore, it is particularly important to consider designing a pavement plate structure based on photovoltaic and friction nano-composite power generation to improve the energy collection efficiency of the pavement. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a pavement slab structure based on photovoltaic and friction nanocomposite power generation technology and a construction method thereof, which has a simple structure, excellent road performance and high power generation efficiency.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems and other key technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a photovoltaic and friction nano-composite power generation pavement block structure, the unit includes at least the following structural layers from top to bottom: an anti-slip and light-transmitting surface layer, a photovoltaic power generation layer, a honeycomb friction nano-power generation layer, and an electrical base layer. The structural layers are tightly bonded into a whole by bonding, anchoring or bolting, and are directly laid on the surface of a traditional pavement structure or a load-bearing base layer.

[0007] Optionally, the pavement plate structure based on photovoltaic and friction nanocomposite power generation is preferably a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the thickness of which should be controlled within 30 to 100 mm, and the plane size should be controlled within 0.01 to 16 m.2 .

[0008] Optionally, the plate structure can be used in highways, urban main roads, sidewalks and parking areas, and its thickness consists of an anti-slip and light-transmitting surface layer thickness of 5 to 30 mm, a photovoltaic power generation layer thickness of 5 to 10 mm, a honeycomb friction nano power generation layer thickness of 10 to 30 mm and an electrical base layer thickness of 10 to 30 mm (excluding the thickness of the adhesive material).

[0009] Optionally, the anti-slip and light-transmitting surface layer can be made of any one of polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, light-transmitting resin, and tempered glass, and a concave or convex dot-shaped or strip-shaped anti-slip texture is formed on its upper surface through an etching process.

[0010] Optionally, the photovoltaic power generation layer adopts any one of monocrystalline silicon cells, polycrystalline silicon cells, and thin-film cells, and uses waterproof materials to fully fill the gaps around the photovoltaic cells. It is connected to the electrical base layer via cables, and at the same time, it should be tightly connected with the anti-slip and light-transmitting surface layer on it and the honeycomb friction nano-power generation layer underneath it by adhesive materials.

[0011] Optionally, the electrical base layer is made of a polymer plate, which is made of one or more of rubber, fiber or plastic. Grooves are made on the plate and corresponding cables are laid. The cables should have reserved interfaces on the outside of the plate to ensure electrical connection between multiple plate structures, and should be tightly bonded and connected to the underlying traditional pavement structure surface or load-bearing base using adhesive materials, rivets or bolts.

[0012] Optionally, the honeycomb friction nano power generation layer includes a friction electrode layer, a honeycomb structure layer and conductive elastic balls. The overall structure should be fully sealed and tightly connected to the photovoltaic power generation layer above it and the electrical base layer below it via adhesive materials.

[0013] Optionally, the friction electrode layer can be made of copper or aluminum sheets and connected to the electrical base layer through cables. The inner surface of the friction electrode layer should be polished with sandpaper or pasted with conductive tape or nylon material to give it sufficient roughness, and the two friction electrode layers are combined with the honeycomb structure layer to form a closed cavity.

[0014] Optionally, the honeycomb structure layer should be made of high-strength insulating material, and the surface should be covered with cylindrical or hexagonal holes with a hole diameter of 10 mm to 30 mm;

[0015] Optionally, the conductive elastic ball material is made of any one of polytetrafluoroethylene, silicone, polypropylene, and rubber, with a diameter of 5mm to 20mm. Its surface must have sufficient roughness and ensure that a ball is placed in each honeycomb hole closed cavity.

[0016] Optionally, the bonding material may be epoxy resin or asphalt material.

[0017] Optionally, the waterproof material may be modified asphalt or polyurethane material.

[0018] Optionally, the plate structure can be assembled by combining multiple plates to form an integral large plate structure, and connected via cables to form an integral power generation structure, and connected with external batteries, inverters and other components to form a composite power generation system.

[0019] The construction method of the photovoltaic and friction nano composite power generation pavement block structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1. Preparation and installation of electrical foundation layer: prefabricate electrical foundation layer plates according to plate structure design dimensions and mechanical performance indicators, make grooves on them and lay cables reasonably, and reserve cable interfaces for connecting multiple plates to prepare the electrical foundation layer;

[0021] S2. Prefabrication and assembly of honeycomb friction nano power generation layer: Process the honeycomb structure layer and conductive elastic balls according to the design size of the plate structure, first fix the honeycomb structure layer on the lower friction electrode layer, place the conductive elastic balls in it, then fix the upper friction electrode layer on it, and connect the upper and lower friction electrode layers to the electrical base layer through cables, and connect the two layers into a whole by bonding, riveting or bolting;

[0022] S3. Arrangement and connection of photovoltaic cell panels: Select appropriate photovoltaic cell types and sizes, fix them on the honeycomb friction nano power generation layer, use cables to connect the photovoltaic cells in series and parallel and connect them to the electrical foundation layer, and fill the gaps around the photovoltaic cells with waterproof materials to form a photovoltaic power generation layer;

[0023] S4. Prefabrication and installation of anti-skid and light-transmitting surface layer: prefabricate the anti-skid and light-transmitting surface layer according to the design size of the plate structure and the road performance index, and tightly bond it with the photovoltaic power generation layer through the bonding material, and complete the waterproof packaging of the entire road surface plate, so as to form a road surface plate structure of photovoltaic and friction nano composite power generation;

[0024] S5. Laying of pavement slab structure: According to the pavement plane size and structural design requirements, the composite power generation pavement slab structure is laid, which is tightly bonded to the traditional pavement foundation structure through adhesive materials, and the electrical foundation layer between adjacent slabs is connected by cables. At the same time, it forms an integrated multi-slab composite power generation system with electrical components such as batteries and inverters arranged on the road side.

[0025] In actual application, the pavement plate structure can not only receive solar radiation to generate electricity, but also, under road driving conditions, the elastic balls will bounce up and down in the prefabricated cavity under the action of wheel vibration energy, and come into contact and separate with the friction electrode layer to generate electricity. The two energy collection methods can complement each other to ensure stable and efficient energy collection efficiency of the pavement structure.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] 1. The present invention introduces friction nano-power generation technology into the road surface structure, and uses the vibration energy generated by vehicle vibration to collect energy, which can supply power to various road sensors and road power facilities, and has significant economic benefits.

[0028] 2. Aiming at the situation that the power generation efficiency of solar pavement is low or even unable to generate electricity in rainy weather, heavy traffic flow and at night, the present invention adopts a pavement structure type of photovoltaic and friction nano-composite power generation. At the same time, the honeycomb structure can provide a certain heat dissipation capacity for photovoltaic power generation, thereby improving the collection efficiency of road energy.

[0029] 3. The present invention has significant advantages in anti-skid performance, mechanical properties, durability and energy collection efficiency, can be applied to various road structure conditions, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a side view of the pavement structure based on photovoltaic and friction nanocomposite power generation of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is the overall structural diagram of the pavement structure based on photovoltaic and friction nanocomposite power generation of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a decomposition diagram of the pavement structure based on photovoltaic and friction nanocomposite power generation of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the pavement structure construction method based on photovoltaic and friction nanocomposite power generation of the present invention.

[0035] The symbols in the figure represent:

[0036] 1. Anti-slip and light-transmitting surface layer; 2. Photovoltaic power generation unit layer; 3. Honeycomb friction nano-power generation layer; 31. Friction electrode layer; 32. Honeycomb structure layer; 33. Conductive elastic balls; 4. Electrical base layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] As shown in the present invention, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements that have been clearly identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any combination of one or more of the relevant listed items.

[0040] Figure 1 The present invention shows a photovoltaic and friction nano composite power generation pavement block structure. The structural layers in this embodiment are composed of an anti-slip and light-transmitting surface layer 1, a photovoltaic power generation layer 2, a honeycomb friction nano power generation layer 3, and an electrical base layer 4 from top to bottom. The structural layers are tightly bonded into a whole by bonding, and are directly laid on the surface of a traditional pavement structure or a load-bearing base layer.

[0041] This embodiment is applicable to urban non-motorized vehicle lanes and sidewalks. The pavement plate structure based on photovoltaic and friction power generation is a regular rectangular structure with specific dimensions of 500 mm in length, 500 mm in width and 55 mm in height. The thickness of the anti-slip and light-transmitting surface layer 1 is 10 mm, the thickness of the photovoltaic power generation layer 2 is 5 mm, the thickness of the honeycomb friction nano-power generation layer 3 is 20 mm, and the thickness of the electrical base layer 4 is 20 mm. The thickness of each structural layer is not considered when calculating the thickness of the bonding material between the layers.

[0042] In this embodiment, the anti-slip and light-transmitting surface layer 1 is made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and its material properties are as follows: density is 1.18 g / cm 3 , compressive strength is 90MPa, flexural strength is 110MPa, and light transmittance is 91%; and a micro-groove texture is formed on its upper surface by etching.

[0043] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic power generation layer 2 uses single crystal silicon cells with a cell size of 200×200mm. There are four cells arranged in a field shape. The cells are connected via copper wires and connected to the electrical base layer 4. The anti-slip and light-transmitting surface layer on it and the honeycomb friction nano-power generation layer 3 underneath it are tightly connected with adhesive materials, and the gaps around the photovoltaic cells are sealed with polyurethane.

[0044] In this embodiment, the honeycomb friction nano power generation layer 3 should be composed of a friction electrode layer 31, a honeycomb structure layer 32 and conductive elastic balls 33, wherein the friction electrode layer 31 is 2.5 mm thick, the honeycomb structure layer 32 is 15 mm thick, and the conductive elastic balls 33 are 8 mm in diameter; the overall structure should be fully sealed and tightly connected to the photovoltaic power generation layer 2 above it and the electrical base layer 4 below it via adhesive materials.

[0045] In this embodiment, the friction electrode layer 31 is made of copper sheet, which is polished with sandpaper to have a sufficient surface roughness, and forms a closed cavity with the honeycomb structure layer 32, and is connected to the electrical base layer 4 through cables.

[0046] In this embodiment, the honeycomb structure layer 32 is made of glass fiber board, and the surface is covered with cylindrical holes with a diameter of 15 mm and a hole spacing of 10 mm; the conductive elastic balls 33 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, and each honeycomb closed cavity has one ball.

[0047] In this embodiment, the electrical base layer is made of glass fiber board, and its material properties are as follows: density is 1.85g / cm 3 , elastic modulus is 12GPa, bending strength is 480MPa; and it is tightly connected to the honeycomb friction nano power generation layer 3 thereon via adhesive material.

[0048] In this embodiment, the conventional pavement structure layer below is ordinary cement concrete pavement, and the bonding material is epoxy resin material.

[0049] In this embodiment, a pavement plate structure based on photovoltaic and friction power generation can be assembled through multiple plates to form an integral large plate structure, and connected through cables of the electrical base layer to form an integral power generation structure, and connected with external batteries, inverters and other components to form a composite power generation system.

[0050] In this embodiment, a construction method of a photovoltaic and friction nano composite power generation pavement plate structure includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. Preparation and installation of electrical foundation layer: prefabricate electrical foundation layer plates according to plate structure design dimensions and mechanical performance indicators, make grooves on them and lay cables reasonably, and reserve cable interfaces for connecting multiple plates to prepare electrical foundation layer 4;

[0052] S2. Prefabrication and assembly of honeycomb friction nano power generation layer: Process the honeycomb structure layer 32 and the conductive elastic balls 33 according to the design size of the plate structure, first fix the honeycomb structure layer 32 on the lower friction electrode layer 31, place the conductive elastic balls 33 in it, then fix the upper friction electrode layer 31 on it, and connect the upper and lower friction electrode layers 31 to the electrical base layer 4 through cables, and use adhesive materials to bond the two layers;

[0053] S3, arrangement and connection of photovoltaic cell panels: select appropriate photovoltaic cell types and sizes, fix them on the honeycomb friction nano power generation layer 3, use cables to connect the photovoltaic cells in series and parallel and connect them to the electrical base layer 4, fill the gaps around the photovoltaic cells with waterproof materials to form a photovoltaic power generation layer 2;

[0054] S4. Prefabrication and installation of anti-skid and light-transmitting surface layer: prefabricate the anti-skid and light-transmitting surface layer 1 according to the design size of the plate structure and the road performance index, and tightly bond it with the photovoltaic power generation layer 2 through the bonding material, and complete the waterproof packaging of the entire road surface plate, so as to form a road surface plate structure of photovoltaic and friction nano composite power generation;

[0055] S5. Laying of pavement slab structure: According to the pavement plane size and structural design requirements, the composite power generation pavement slab structure is laid, which is tightly bonded to the traditional pavement foundation structure through adhesive materials, and the electrical foundation layer 4 between adjacent slabs is connected by cables. At the same time, it forms an integrated multi-slab composite power generation system with electrical components such as batteries and inverters arranged on the road side.

[0056] The examples described in the present invention are merely descriptions of the preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the concept and scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design concept of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by engineers and technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic and friction nanocomposite power generation pavement plate structure, characterized by: From top to bottom, it mainly includes an anti-skid and light-transmitting surface layer (1), a photovoltaic power generation layer (2), a honeycomb friction nano-power generation layer (3), and an electrical base layer (4). The various structural layers are tightly bonded into a whole by bonding, riveting or bolting, and are directly laid on the surface of a traditional pavement structure or a load-bearing base.

2. The pavement plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-slip light-transmitting surface layer (1) is made of any one of transparent polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, resin, and tempered glass, and has a thickness of 5 mm to 30 mm. A concave or convex dot-shaped or strip-shaped anti-slip texture is formed on its upper surface through an etching process; The photovoltaic power generation layer (2) is composed of a plurality of connected solar cells, the gaps around the photovoltaic cells are filled with waterproof material with a thickness of 5 mm to 10 mm, and is connected to the electrical foundation layer (4) via cables; The electrical base layer (4) is made of a high molecular polymer plate, on which grooves are cut and corresponding cables are laid, and its thickness is controlled to be 10 mm to 30 mm. It is tightly bonded and connected to the conventional pavement structure surface or the load-bearing base layer below it by using bonding materials, rivets or bolts.

3. The pavement plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The honeycomb friction nano power generation layer (3) comprises a friction electrode layer (31), a honeycomb structure layer (32) and conductive elastic small balls (33), and the layer thickness is 10 mm to 30 mm.

4. The pavement plate structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The friction electrode layer (31) can be made of copper or aluminum sheets and connected to the electrical base layer (4) via cables. The inner surface of the friction electrode layer (31) should be polished with sandpaper or pasted with conductive tape or nylon material to have sufficient roughness.

5. The pavement plate structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The honeycomb structure layer (32) should be made of high-strength insulating material, and its surface should be covered with cylindrical or hexagonal holes with a hole diameter of 10 mm to 30 mm; The conductive elastic ball (33) is made of any one of polytetrafluoroethylene, silica gel, polypropylene and rubber, has a diameter of 5 mm to 20 mm, and its surface needs to have sufficient roughness.

6. A construction method for a photovoltaic and friction nano composite power generation pavement block structure, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Preparation and installation of electrical foundation layer: prefabricate electrical foundation layer plates according to plate structure design dimensions and mechanical performance indicators, and groove them and arrange cables reasonably, while reserving cable interfaces for connecting multiple plates, thereby preparing electrical foundation layer (4); S2. Prefabrication and assembly of the honeycomb friction nano power generation layer: Process the honeycomb structure layer (32) and the conductive elastic balls (33) according to the design size of the plate structure, first fix the honeycomb structure layer (32) on the lower friction electrode layer (31), place the conductive elastic balls (33) therein, then fix the upper friction electrode layer (31) thereon, and connect the upper and lower friction electrode layers (31) to the electrical base layer (4) through cables, and connect the two layers into a whole by bonding, riveting or bolting; S3. Arrangement and connection of photovoltaic cell panels: Select appropriate photovoltaic cell types and sizes, fix them on the honeycomb friction nano power generation layer (3), use cables to connect the photovoltaic cells in series and parallel and connect them to the electrical base layer (4), fill the gaps around the photovoltaic cells with waterproof materials to form a photovoltaic power generation layer (2); S4. Prefabrication and installation of the anti-skid and light-transmitting surface layer: prefabricate the anti-skid and light-transmitting surface layer (1) according to the design dimensions of the plate structure and the road performance index, and tightly bond it to the photovoltaic power generation layer (2) through an adhesive material, and complete the waterproof packaging of the entire road surface plate, so as to form a road surface plate structure with photovoltaic and friction nano-composite power generation; S5. Laying of pavement slab structure: According to the pavement plane size and structural design requirements, the composite power generation pavement slab structure is laid, and is tightly bonded to the traditional pavement foundation structure via adhesive materials. The electrical foundation layer (4) between adjacent slabs is connected by cables, and at the same time, together with the electrical components such as batteries and inverters arranged on the road side, an integrated multi-slab composite power generation system is formed.

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