Folding type energy dissipater for dispersing side branch holes of water conveying system and size determining method of folding type energy dissipater

Abstract

The invention discloses a folding type energy dissipater for dispersing side supporting holes of a water delivery system and a size determining method of the folding type energy dissipater, and relates to the technical field of ship lock water delivery system hydraulics. The folding type energy dissipater comprises two sets of vertical sills and an arc-shaped sills, and the two sets of vertical sills are connected through the arc-shaped sills to form a folding type structure; the folded energy dissipater is arranged on the side, close to the center line of the lock chamber, of each water outlet branch hole on the water outlet sides of the two sides of the lock chamber of the dispersed water delivery system, outflow energy of the branch holes can be dissipated within the limited arrangement distance, jet flow of each water outlet branch hole is converted into a V-shaped water flow state on the plane, outflow of the adjacent water outlet branch holes can collide to dissipate energy, and the energy dissipation efficiency is improved. The turbulent local concentration phenomenon is obviously weakened, the flow speed is obviously reduced after water flow passes through the two layers of second permeable holes in the arc-shaped ridge and rubs with the edges of the holes, high-strength jet flow in the horizontal scale and the vertical scale can be effectively dispersed, the arrangement cost and the maintenance cost are not high, and the stable berthing condition of a ship can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulics of a ship lock water delivery system, and in particular to a folded energy dissipator for dispersing side branch holes of a water delivery system and a method for determining its size. Background Art

[0002] The decentralized water supply system for ship locks is an important facility in water conservancy projects. It uses multiple decentralized water supply channels to realize the filling and discharge process in the ship lock chamber. The design of this system is to improve the operation efficiency of the ship lock, shorten the time for ships to pass through the lock, and improve the docking conditions of ships in the lock chamber. When the decentralized water supply system is filled and discharged, the water flows in and out of the lock chamber through the outlet branches. Its hydraulic performance is greatly improved compared with the centralized water supply system in which the water flow is concentrated near the lock head and enters and exits the lock chamber. Because it can shorten the length of the lock chamber without a calming section, it has been widely used at home and abroad due to its better water flow conditions, simpler structure and lower construction and maintenance costs.

[0003] The decentralized water transfer system with side branch holes usually has branch holes staggered on both sides of the lock chamber. The outflow from the branch holes is offset to eliminate part of the water flow energy. However, when the applied head is high and the lock chamber is large, the one-time water transfer volume and average energy are huge, and only the offset energy dissipation cannot meet the requirements of eliminating water body energy. It is often combined with other types of energy dissipation devices to dissipate energy of the outflow water body, improve the uniformity of the lock chamber outflow, reduce the increased force on the ship caused by the increase in the aspect gradient of the water body, enhance the energy dissipation at the water flow of the branch hole of the lock chamber, and weaken the increased force on the ship caused by local water turbulence.

[0004] At present, commonly used energy dissipation structures include stilling sills and open energy dissipation ditches, among which the layout cost and maintenance cost of the open energy dissipation ditch are relatively high, and the distance between the stilling sill and the branch hole is about three times the height of the outlet hole from the outlet hole, and the distance between the stilling sill and the outlet branch hole is limited. When the stilling sill cannot meet the energy dissipation of the outgoing water flow, the remaining water energy will enter the lock chamber, resulting in an increase in the lateral gradient of the water surface, which cannot meet the conditions for ship berthing. Therefore, the present invention proposes a folded energy dissipator for dispersing the side branch holes of the water transfer system and a size determination method thereof to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a folded energy dissipator for the side branch holes of a dispersed water supply system and a method for determining its size, so as to solve the problems that the layout cost and maintenance cost of the existing energy dissipation open ditch are high, and the existing energy dissipation sill structure cannot meet the conditions for ship berthing.

[0006] In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention is implemented through the following technical scheme: a folded energy dissipator for a side branch hole of a decentralized water supply system, comprising a vertical sill and an arc-shaped sill, the vertical sill is provided with two groups, the two groups of vertical sills are connected by an arc-shaped sill to form a folded structure, the vertical sill and the arc-shaped sill are fixed to the inner bottom surface of the gate chamber of the decentralized water supply system, and water outlet holes are equidistantly provided on the left and right side walls of the gate chamber, the two ends of the water outlet branch holes are both designed with arc-shaped rounding and there is a straight line segment between the two ends, the arc-shaped sill corresponds to the position of the water outlet branch hole one by one, the vertical sills on both sides of the arc-shaped sill are symmetrically inclined along the central axis of the water outlet branch hole, and the first water permeable hole and the second water permeable hole are respectively provided on the vertical sill and the arc-shaped sill.

[0007] A further improvement is that the first water-permeable hole passes through both end surfaces of the vertical sill.

[0008] A further improvement is that the second water-permeable hole is arranged opposite to the water outlet branch hole, and the second water-permeable hole passes through the two end surfaces of the arc-shaped ridge.

[0009] A method for determining the size of a folded energy dissipator for a side branch hole of a dispersed water delivery system comprises the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: Take the intersection of the central axis of the outlet side of the water outlet branch hole and the line connecting the end points of the inner straight line segment of the water outlet branch hole as the origin, draw an arc tangent to the water outlet side of the water outlet branch hole, and determine the inner width of the folded energy dissipator and the angle of the arc ridge based on the obtained arc tangent;

[0011] Step 2: Take 1 to 1.1 times the height of the water outlet hole as the height of the folded energy dissipator, and take half of the radius of the water outlet side of the water outlet hole as the radius of the arc;

[0012] Step 3: Draw a vertical line from the inner outer end point of the folded energy dissipator to the outer surface of the folded energy dissipator, draw a vertical line from the arc starting point on one side of the arc sill to the outer surface of the folded energy dissipator, and use the distance between the two vertical lines as the width of the first water-permeable hole, and use 0.5 to 0.75 times the distance between the two end points on the inner side of the arc sill as the width of the second water-permeable hole;

[0013] Step 4: Take one quarter of the height of the vertical sill as the height of the first water hole, and take one quarter of the height of the curved sill as the height of the second water hole;

[0014] Step 5: Take 0.05 to 0.1 times of the gate chamber width as the distance between the folded energy dissipator and the outlet branch hole.

[0015] A further improvement is that in step one, the arc tangent is extended to the line connecting the arc endpoints on both sides of the water outlet side of the water branch hole, and the distance between the intersection of the two arc tangents and the line connecting the two arc endpoints is used as the inner width of the folded energy dissipator.

[0016] A further improvement is that in step 1, the included angle of the two arc tangents is used as the angle of the arc step.

[0017] A further improvement is that in step 4, at least two groups of first water-permeable holes are provided on the vertical sill.

[0018] A further improvement is that in step 4, at least two groups of second water-permeable holes are provided on the arc-shaped step.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by arranging a folded energy dissipator on each water outlet branch hole on the water outlet side of both sides of the gate chamber of the dispersed water transfer system, close to the center line of the gate chamber, the present invention can dissipate the outflow energy of the branch hole within a limited arrangement distance, so that the jet of each water outlet branch hole is converted to form a V-shaped water flow state on the plane, and the outflows of adjacent water outlet branch holes can collide and dissipate energy, which significantly reduces the local concentration of turbulence, and the flow velocity is significantly reduced after the water flow passes through the two layers of second permeable holes on the arc-shaped sill and rubs against the edge of the hole, which can effectively disperse the high-intensity jets on the horizontal and vertical scales. Not only is the arrangement cost and maintenance cost not high, but it can also meet the conditions for ship berthing stability, and is worthy of wide promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the folding energy dissipator in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the folded energy dissipator in the gate chamber in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 is a top sectional view of the lock chamber in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is a top sectional view of the water outlet hole in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is the flow field cloud diagram of the lock chamber with and without the folded energy dissipator added in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is a top view schematic diagram of the water outlet hole and the folded energy dissipator when determining the size of the folded energy dissipator in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a folding energy dissipator when determining the size of the folding energy dissipator in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of possible berthing positions of a representative ship type in a lock chamber in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 1 is a schematic diagram comparing the before and after longitudinal energy dissipation when the liquid level gradient of the lock chamber changes in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 2 is a schematic diagram comparing the before and after longitudinal 2 energy dissipation when the liquid level gradient of the lock chamber changes in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.11 3 is a schematic diagram comparing the before and after longitudinal 3 energy dissipation when the liquid level gradient of the lock chamber changes in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.12 1 is a schematic diagram comparing the front cross 1 before and after energy dissipation when the liquid level gradient of the lock chamber changes in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.13 1 is a schematic diagram comparing the energy dissipation of the rear horizontal 1 before and after the liquid level gradient of the lock chamber changes in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.14 2 is a schematic diagram comparing the front transverse 2 energy dissipation before and after when the liquid level gradient of the lock chamber changes in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Fig.15 2 is a schematic diagram comparing the energy dissipation of the rear horizontal 2 before and after the liquid level gradient of the lock chamber changes in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.16 3 is a schematic diagram comparing the front cross 3 before and after energy dissipation when the liquid level gradient of the lock chamber changes in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.17 3 is a schematic diagram comparing the energy dissipation of the rear transverse section 3 before and after when the liquid level gradient of the lock chamber changes in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Among them: 1. Vertical sill; 2. Curved sill; 3. Lock chamber; 4. Water outlet hole; 5. First water permeable hole; 6. Second water permeable hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 The present embodiment provides a folding energy dissipator for a side branch hole of a decentralized water supply system, comprising two groups of vertical sills 1 and an arc-shaped sill 2 fixed between the two groups of vertical sills 1. The two groups of vertical sills 1 and one group of arc-shaped sills 2 form a folding structure and together constitute a complete folding energy dissipator. The folding energy dissipator consisting of the two groups of vertical sills 1 and one group of arc-shaped sills 2 is fixed to the inner bottom surface of a gate chamber 3 of the decentralized water supply system. The gate chamber 3 has water outlet holes 4 equidistantly distributed on both the left and right side walls. In the present embodiment, there are a total of eight groups of water outlet holes 4, and four groups of water outlet holes 4 are respectively provided on the left and right side walls of the gate chamber 3. The folding energy dissipator is also provided with eight groups and corresponds to the eight groups of water outlet holes 4 one by one. The two ends on the water inlet side and the water outlet side of the water outlet branch hole 4 are both designed with arc rounding, and there is a straight line segment between the two arc ends. The arc sill 2 in the folded energy dissipator is on the same central axis as the water outlet branch hole 4. The vertical sills 1 on both sides of the arc sill 2 are symmetrically inclined along the central axis of the water outlet branch hole 4, wherein the vertical sill 1 is provided with a first water-permeable hole 5 in a strip-shaped design and passing through the two end surfaces of the vertical sill 1. In this embodiment, two groups of the first water-permeable holes 5 are provided and are symmetrically distributed on the vertical sill 1 in an upper and lower manner. The arc sill 2 is provided with a second water-permeable hole 6 in a square design and passing through the two end surfaces of the arc sill 2. In this embodiment, two groups of the second water-permeable holes 6 are provided and are symmetrically distributed on the arc sill 2 in an upper and lower manner.

[0042] When the folded energy dissipator for dispersing the side branch holes of the water supply system is actually used, the folded energy dissipator is fixed at the inner bottom of the gate chamber 3, and the second water permeable holes 6 on the arc-shaped sill 2 are directly opposite to the water outlet branch holes 4, so that the outflow of the water outlet branch holes 4 can pass through the first water permeable holes 5 on the two groups of vertical sills in the horizontal direction to dissipate energy to a certain extent, and at the same time, the outflow of the water outlet branch holes 4 is converted into a V-shaped water flow state, and the V-shaped water flows of adjacent water outlet branch holes 4 can collide and dissipate energy. Vertically, the water flows through the two second water permeable holes 6 on the arc-shaped sill 2, which can effectively reduce the turbulence concentration of the water flow in the vertical direction.

[0043] Figure 5 The same working conditions and the same time add the folding energy dissipation device (such as Figure 5 a in the figure) and without adding the folding energy dissipator (as shown in Figure 5 From the flow field cloud diagram of the lock chamber 3 (shown in b), it can be seen that the outflow from the outlet branch hole 4 of the lock chamber 3 with the added folded energy dissipator forms an obvious V-shaped water flow pattern. The V-shaped water flows of the adjacent outlet branch holes 4 collide with each other, which significantly weakens the kinetic energy of the core area of ​​the branch hole outflow. The data of the extreme value of the horizontal gradient drop of the water surface in the lock chamber 3 show that after the addition of the folded energy dissipator, the extreme value of the horizontal gradient drop of the water surface in the lock chamber 3 decreases by about 50%.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] See also Figure 6 , Figure 7 This embodiment provides a method for determining the size of a folded energy dissipator for a side branch hole of a dispersed water delivery system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Take the intersection of the central axis of the outlet side of the water outlet branch hole 4 and the line connecting the endpoints of the inner straight line segment of the water outlet branch hole 4 as the origin, draw an arc tangent to the water outlet side of the water outlet branch hole 4, extend the arc tangent to the line connecting the arc endpoints on both sides of the water outlet side of the water outlet hole 4, and take the distance between the two arc tangents and the intersection of the two arc endpoints as the inner width b of the folded energy dissipator, and then take the angle between the two arc tangents as the angle of the arc 2;

[0047] Step 2: Since the height of the water body injected into the gate chamber 3 from the outlet branch hole 4 is greater than or equal to the height of the outlet branch hole 4, the folded energy dissipator is greater than or equal to the height of the outlet branch hole 4. Therefore, in this embodiment, 1 to 1.1 times the height of the outlet branch hole 4 is used as the height h of the folded energy dissipator, and half of the radius of the rounding of the outlet side of the outlet branch hole 4 is used as the radius r of the arc 1;

[0048] Step 3: Draw a vertical line from the inner outer end point of the folded energy dissipator to the outer surface of the folded energy dissipator, draw a vertical line from the arc starting point on one side of the arc ridge 2 to the outer surface of the folded energy dissipator, and use the distance between the two vertical lines as the width b1 of the first water-permeable hole 5, and use 0.5 to 0.75 times the distance between the two inner end points of the arc ridge 2 as the width b2 of the second water-permeable hole 6;

[0049] Step 4: In this embodiment, at least two layers of first water-permeable holes 5 and two layers of second water-permeable holes 6 are considered to be provided. In order to ensure water permeability and energy efficiency, the height of the two layers of first water-permeable holes 5 should account for about half of the height h of the folding energy dissipator, and the height of the two layers of second water-permeable holes 5 should account for about half of the height h of the folding energy dissipator. Therefore, in this embodiment, one quarter of the height of the vertical sill 1 is used as the height h1 of the first water-permeable holes 5, and one quarter of the height of the arc sill 2 is used as the height h2 of the second water-permeable holes 6;

[0050] Step 5: 0.05 to 0.1 times the width of the gate chamber 1 is used as the distance between the folded energy dissipator and the outlet branch hole 4.

[0051] Through the calculation and analysis of the water surface gradient of lock chamber 3, the ship berthing stability conditions in lock chamber 3 are preliminarily discussed. Taking a certain lock project as an example, the representative ship type is a 2000t cargo ship with main dimensions of 90.0m×14.8m×2.6m (total length×breadth×design draft). Figure 8 The possible berthing positions of the representative ship type in lock chamber 3 are marked, and the longitudinal gradient of the water surface within one time of the length of the representative ship type and the front and rear transverse gradients within one time of the width of the ship are calculated respectively. The water surface gradient data before and after the setting of the folding energy dissipator are compared. The change process of the liquid level gradient in lock chamber 3 is shown as follows: Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.13 , Fig.14 , Fig.15 , Fig.16 , Fig.17 As shown, the comparison results of the liquid level aspect ratio drop extreme value before and after the lock chamber 3 are shown in the following Table 1:

[0052] Table 1 Comparison of the liquid level aspect ratio before and after the extreme value of the drop in chamber 3

[0053]

[0054] It can be seen from the calculated data that after the folded energy dissipator is set up, the extreme values ​​of the longitudinal and transverse water surface gradient data have decreased. The maximum extreme value of the longitudinal gradient has decreased by 9.09%, and the average has decreased by 5.82%; the maximum extreme value of the transverse gradient has decreased by 72.82%, and the average has decreased by 44.05%. It can be seen that the energy dissipation effect of the folded energy dissipator is significant.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A folding energy dissipator for dispersing the side branch holes of a water delivery system, comprising a vertical sill (1) and an arc sill (2), characterized in that: The vertical sill (1) is provided with two groups, and the two groups of the vertical sills (1) are connected by an arc sill (2) to form a folded structure. The vertical sill (1) and the arc sill (2) are fixed to the inner bottom surface of the gate chamber (3) of the decentralized water supply system. The left and right side walls of the gate chamber (3) are evenly spaced with water outlet holes (4). Both ends of the water outlet holes (4) are designed to be arc-shaped and rounded, and there is a straight line between the two ends. The arc sill (2) corresponds to the water outlet hole (4) in position. The vertical sills (1) on both sides of the arc sill (2) are symmetrically inclined and distributed along the central axis of the water outlet hole (4). The vertical sill (1) and the arc sill (2) are respectively provided with a first water permeable hole (5) and a second water permeable hole (6).

2. The folding energy dissipator for dispersing the side branch holes of the water delivery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first water-permeable holes (5) penetrate through both end surfaces of the vertical sill (1).

3. The folding energy dissipator for dispersing the side branch holes of the water delivery system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second water-permeable hole (6) is arranged opposite to the water outlet branch hole (4), and the second water-permeable hole (6) passes through the two end surfaces of the arc-shaped step (2).

4. A method for determining the size of a folded energy dissipator for a side branch hole of a dispersed water delivery system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Taking the intersection of the central axis of the outlet side of the water outlet branch hole (4) and the line connecting the end points of the inner straight line segment of the water outlet branch hole (4) as the origin, draw an arc tangent to the water outlet side of the water outlet branch hole (4), and determine the inner width of the folded energy dissipator and the angle of the arc step (2) based on the obtained arc tangent; Step 2: 1 to 1.1 times the height of the water outlet branch hole (4) is used as the height of the folded energy dissipator, and half of the radius of the rounding of the water outlet side of the water outlet branch hole (4) is used as the radius of the arc step (1); Step 3: draw a vertical line from the inner outer end point of the folded energy dissipator to the outer facade of the folded energy dissipator, draw a vertical line from the arc starting point on one side of the arc-shaped ridge (2) to the outer facade of the folded energy dissipator, and use the distance between the two vertical lines as the width of the first water-permeable hole (5), and use 0.5 to 0.75 times the distance between the two end points on the inner side of the arc-shaped ridge (2) as the width of the second water-permeable hole (6); Step 4: One quarter of the height of the vertical sill (1) is used as the height of the first water-permeable hole (5), and one quarter of the height of the arc-shaped sill (2) is used as the height of the second water-permeable hole (6); Step 5: 0.05 to 0.1 times the width of the gate chamber (1) is used as the distance between the folded energy dissipator and the water outlet branch hole (4).

5. A method for determining the size of a folded energy dissipator for a side branch hole of a dispersed water delivery system according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step 1, the arc tangent is extended to the line connecting the arc end points on both sides of the water outlet side of the water branch hole (4), and the distance between the intersection of the two arc tangents and the line connecting the two arc end points is used as the inner width of the folded energy dissipator.

6. A method for determining the size of a folded energy dissipator for a side branch hole of a dispersed water delivery system according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step 1, the included angle of the two arc tangents is used as the angle of the arc step (2).

7. A method for determining the size of a folded energy dissipator for a side branch hole of a dispersed water delivery system according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step 4, at least two groups of first water-permeable holes (5) are provided on the vertical sill (1).

8. A method for determining the size of a folded energy dissipator for a side branch hole of a dispersed water delivery system according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the step 4, at least two groups of second water-permeable holes (6) are provided on the arc-shaped step (2).

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