Wind turbine generator sliding yaw brake and system and yaw system load monitoring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind turbine generator sliding yaw brake and system and a yaw system load monitoring method. The sliding yaw brake comprises an upper friction plate assembly, a middle friction plate assembly, a lower friction plate assembly and a bolt assembly. The upper friction plate assembly is installed on a yaw base of the wind turbine generator and arranged above a gear ring of the wind turbine generator, the middle friction plate assembly and the lower friction plate assembly are connected with the yaw base of the wind turbine generator through bolt assemblies, and the middle friction plate assembly is arranged on the side face of the gear ring of the wind turbine generator in the radial direction. The lower friction plate assembly is arranged below a gear ring of the wind turbine generator, and the upper friction plate assembly, the middle friction plate assembly and the lower friction plate assembly make contact with the gear ring of the wind turbine generator. According to the invention, the stress of the friction plate of the sliding yaw brake can be detected in real time, and the load of the yaw system of the wind generating set is monitored by processing the online monitoring data of the sliding yaw brake.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of yaw brakes for wind turbines, and in particular to a sliding yaw brake, a system and a yaw system load monitoring method for a wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the sliding yaw brake of a wind turbine using a sliding yaw system not only plays the role of yaw damping, but also bears the bending moment, axial force and radial force load caused by the impeller aerodynamic force transmitted through the main engine.

[0003] The strength and safety of conventional sliding yaw brakes are ensured through finite element simulation under extreme loads. Fatigue performance is not calculated, but the friction plates in the sliding yaw brake structure are treated as friction wearing parts. When the friction plates are damaged, they are replaced. At the same time, the maintenance of the sliding yaw brakes during the actual life cycle can only rely on visual inspection at fixed maintenance cycles. Damage within the maintenance cycle interval can only be identified by relying on the fault alarm strategy of the wind turbine yaw system, which has poor accuracy and timeliness. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and propose a wind turbine sliding yaw brake, system and yaw system load monitoring method, which can detect the friction plate force of the sliding yaw brake in real time and monitor the yaw system load of the wind turbine by processing the online monitoring data of the sliding yaw brake.

[0005] The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical scheme: a wind turbine sliding yaw brake, comprising an upper friction plate assembly, a middle friction plate assembly, a lower friction plate assembly and a bolt assembly; the upper friction plate assembly is mounted on a yaw base of the wind turbine and arranged above a gear ring of the wind turbine, the middle friction plate assembly and the lower friction plate assembly are connected to the yaw base of the wind turbine through a bolt assembly, the middle friction plate assembly is radially arranged on the side of the gear ring of the wind turbine, the lower friction plate assembly is arranged below the gear ring of the wind turbine, and the upper friction plate assembly, the middle friction plate assembly and the lower friction plate assembly are all in contact with the gear ring of the wind turbine.

[0006] Furthermore, the lower friction plate assembly includes a lower caliper body, a wire window and a wire groove are provided on the side of the lower caliper body, the wire groove is located inside the lower caliper body, and the wire window is communicated with the wire groove.

[0007] Furthermore, the lower friction plate assembly includes a first friction plate, a first pad, a first sensor, a support ring, a disc spring, a pin and an adjusting nut; the lower caliper body is provided with a friction plate hole, a through hole and an adjusting nut hole from top to bottom, the friction plate hole is connected with the through hole and the adjusting nut hole, the first friction plate is installed at the friction plate hole, and the first friction plate is in contact with the wind turbine gear ring, the first sensor, the support ring and the pin are installed in the through hole from top to bottom, the adjusting nut is installed in the adjusting nut hole, the first pad is arranged between the first friction plate and the first sensor, and the disc spring is arranged between the support ring and the adjusting nut.

[0008] Furthermore, the lower pliers body is provided with a tweezers opening groove, and the tweezers opening groove is arranged on the inner wall of the friction plate hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the middle friction plate assembly includes a middle caliper body, an adjusting nut, a second sensor, a second pad and a second friction plate. The middle caliper body is radially provided with an adjusting nut hole, a sensor hole and a friction plate hole in sequence, and the adjusting nut hole, the sensor hole and the friction plate hole are connected together and pass through the middle caliper body. The second friction plate is installed in the friction plate hole, and the second friction plate is in contact with the wind turbine ring gear. The second sensor is installed in the sensor hole, the second pad is installed between the second sensor and the second friction plate, and the adjusting nut is installed in the adjusting nut hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the middle pliers body is provided with a wire groove and a tweezer mouth groove, the wire groove is located below the adjusting nut hole, the sensor hole and the friction plate hole, and the tweezer mouth groove is arranged on the inner wall of the friction plate hole.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper friction plate assembly includes a third sensor, a third pad and a third friction plate connected in sequence from top to bottom, a radially through mounting hole is opened on the yaw base of the wind turbine set, the upper friction plate assembly as a whole is inserted into the mounting hole and connected to the yaw base of the wind turbine set, and the third friction plate is in contact with the ring gear of the wind turbine set.

[0012] Furthermore, bolt holes for the bolt assembly to pass through are provided in the lower caliper body of the lower friction plate assembly and the middle caliper body of the middle friction plate assembly, and the bolt holes of the lower caliper body correspond to the bolt holes of the middle caliper body one by one.

[0013] A wind turbine sliding yaw brake system comprises a gear ring, a yaw base, a data acquisition instrument and a plurality of the above-mentioned wind turbine sliding yaw brakes. The plurality of wind turbine sliding yaw brakes are arranged circumferentially along the inner edge of the gear ring and are mounted on the yaw base through a bolt assembly. Each of the wind turbine sliding yaw brakes is communicatively connected to the data acquisition instrument.

[0014] A method for monitoring the load of a yaw system of a wind turbine generator set is implemented based on the above-mentioned wind turbine generator set sliding yaw braking system, comprising:

[0015] An algorithm is established to process the friction plate force in the wind turbine sliding yaw brake as the sliding yaw system load. The XY plane is defined in the wind turbine yaw system load coordinate system, with the positive direction of the X axis being 0° and the positive direction of the Y axis being 90°. N is the number of wind turbine sliding yaw brakes preset in the XY plane, and each wind turbine sliding yaw brake is provided with N u The third friction plate, N d The first friction plate, N r The load calculation formula of the wind turbine yaw system load coordinate system is as follows:

[0016] Z-axis force:

[0017] X-axis force:

[0018] Y-axis force:

[0019] X-axis load:

[0020] Y-axis load:

[0021] G u,i It is the angle between the line connecting the center of the third friction plate on the circumference of the i-th circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system and the positive direction of the X-axis, in degrees;

[0022] G d,i It is the angle between the line connecting the center of the first friction plate of the ith circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system and the positive direction of the X-axis, in degrees;

[0023] G r,i It is the angle between the line connecting the center of the second friction plate of the ith circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system and the positive direction of the X-axis, in degrees;

[0024] R u,i is the distance between the center of the third friction plate of the ith circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system, in mm;

[0025] R d,i is the distance between the center of the first friction plate of the ith circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system, in mm;

[0026] R r,i is the distance between the center of the second friction plate of the ith circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system, in mm;

[0027] F u,iis the monitored force on the third friction plate of the ith circumference in the XY plane, in N;

[0028] F d,i is the monitored force on the first friction plate of the ith circumference in the XY plane, in N;

[0029] F r,i It is the monitored force of the second friction plate on the ith circumference in the XY plane, in N.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The sliding yaw brake of the present invention can monitor the force of the friction plate of the sliding yaw brake, which is convenient for combining with the yaw data in the main control monitoring program of the wind turbine generator set to accurately estimate the maintenance and replacement time of the sliding yaw brake.

[0032] 2. The yaw system of a wind turbine generator set uses the sliding yaw brake of the present invention to design the yaw system. Combined with the algorithm of the present invention, the actual yaw system load of the wind turbine generator set can be accurately obtained, and the yaw system load can be used to monitor the operating status of the wind turbine generator set. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 This is the structural front view of the wind turbine sliding yaw brake.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a structural cross-sectional view of the sliding yaw brake of a wind turbine.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the middle clamp body.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the middle clamp body.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower clamp body.

[0038] Figure 6 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the lower clamp body.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the installation structure of the wind turbine sliding yaw brake.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a top view of the installation structure of the wind turbine sliding yaw brake.

[0041] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the load coordinate system of the wind turbine yaw system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the wind turbine sliding yaw brake provided in this embodiment includes an upper friction plate assembly, a middle friction plate assembly, a lower friction plate assembly and a bolt assembly d; the upper friction plate assembly is installed on the wind turbine yaw base e and arranged above the wind turbine ring gear f, the middle friction plate assembly and the lower friction plate assembly are connected to the wind turbine yaw base e through the bolt assembly d, the middle friction plate assembly is radially arranged on the side of the wind turbine ring gear f, the lower friction plate assembly is arranged below the wind turbine ring gear f, and the upper friction plate assembly, the middle friction plate assembly and the lower friction plate assembly are all in contact with the wind turbine ring gear f.

[0045] The lower friction plate assembly includes a lower caliper body 101, a first friction plate 102, a first cushion block 103, a first sensor 104, a support ring 105, a disc spring 106, a pin 107 and an adjusting nut 108; the lower caliper body 101 is provided with a tweezers slot 1011, a wire window 1012 and a wire slot 1013, the wire slot 1013 is located inside the lower caliper body 101, the wire window 1012 is connected with the wire slot 1013, and is used to allow the interface of the first sensor 104 to pass through and connect when the first sensor 104 is installed, so as to ensure that the transmission line of the first sensor 104 passes through; the lower caliper body 101 is provided with a friction plate hole 1014, a through hole 1015 and an adjusting nut hole 1016 from top to bottom, the friction plate hole 1014 and the through hole 1015 are connected to each other. The hole 1015 and the adjusting nut hole 1016 are connected, the tweezers groove 1011 is arranged on the inner wall of the friction plate hole 1014, the purpose of reserving the tweezers groove 1011 is to clamp out the first friction plate 102 when the first friction plate 102 needs to be replaced, the first friction plate 102 is installed at the friction plate hole 1014, and the first friction plate 102 is in contact with the wind turbine gear ring f, the first sensor 104, the support ring 105 and the pin 107 are installed in the through hole 1015 from top to bottom, the adjusting nut 108 is installed in the adjusting nut hole 1016, the first pad 103 is arranged between the first friction plate 102 and the first sensor 104, and the disc spring 107 is arranged between the support ring 105 and the adjusting nut 108.

[0046] The middle friction plate assembly includes a middle caliper body 201, an adjusting nut 202, a second sensor 203, a second pad 204 and a second friction plate 205; the middle caliper body 201 is provided with a wire groove 2011 and a tweezer mouth groove 2012; the middle caliper body 201 is radially provided with an adjusting nut hole 2013, a sensor hole 2014 and a friction plate hole 2015, and the adjusting nut hole 2013, the sensor hole 2014 and the friction plate hole 2015 are connected together and pass through the middle caliper body 201, and the tweezer mouth groove 2012 is provided on the inner wall of the friction plate hole 2015, and the purpose of reserving the tweezer mouth groove 2012 is to be provided when the second friction plate 205 needs to be When replacing, the second friction plate 205 is clamped out, the wire groove 2011 is located below the adjusting nut hole 2013, the sensor hole 2014 and the friction plate hole 2015 and close to the lower clamp body 101, and the size of the wire groove 2011 is related to the passing size of the transmission line of the second sensor 203; the second friction plate 205 is installed in the friction plate hole 2015, and the second friction plate 205 is in contact with the wind turbine ring gear f, the second sensor 203 is installed in the sensor hole 2014, the second pad 204 is installed between the second sensor 203 and the second friction plate 205, and the adjusting nut 202 is installed in the adjusting nut hole 2013.

[0047] The upper friction plate assembly includes a third sensor 301, a third pad 302 and a third friction plate 303 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom. A radially through mounting hole is provided on the yaw base e of the wind turbine. The upper friction plate assembly as a whole is inserted into the mounting hole and connected to the yaw base e of the wind turbine, and the third friction plate 303 is in contact with the ring gear f of the wind turbine.

[0048] The lower caliper body 101 of the lower friction plate assembly and the middle caliper body 201 of the middle friction plate assembly are both provided with bolt holes d1 for the bolt assembly d to pass through, and the bolt holes of the lower caliper body correspond to the bolt holes of the middle caliper body one by one.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] See also Figures 7 and 8 As shown, the wind turbine sliding yaw brake system provided in this embodiment includes a ring gear f, a yaw base e, a data acquisition instrument and several wind turbine sliding yaw brakes h described in Example 1, several wind turbine sliding yaw brakes h are arranged circumferentially along the inner edge of the ring gear f, and are installed on the yaw base e through a bolt assembly d, the ring gear f is installed on the tower g, and each of the wind turbine sliding yaw brakes h is communicatively connected to the data acquisition instrument, specifically, the transmission line of the third sensor 301 is communicatively connected to the data acquisition instrument, and the transmission lines of the second sensor 203 and the first sensor 104 are communicatively connected to the data acquisition instrument via the wire grooves of their respective clamp bodies.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] The wind turbine yaw system load monitoring method provided in this embodiment is implemented based on the wind turbine sliding yaw brake system described in Embodiment 2, and includes:

[0053] Establish an algorithm to treat the friction plate force in the wind turbine sliding yaw brake as the sliding yaw system load, see Fig. 9 As shown, the XY plane is defined in the load coordinate system of the wind turbine yaw system, the positive direction of the X axis is 0°, and the positive direction of the Y axis is 90°; N is the number of wind turbine sliding yaw brakes preset in the XY plane, and each wind turbine sliding yaw brake is provided with N u The third friction plate, N d The first friction plate, N r The load calculation formula of the wind turbine yaw system load coordinate system is as follows:

[0054] Z-axis force:

[0055] X-axis force:

[0056] Y-axis force:

[0057] X-axis load:

[0058] Y-axis load:

[0059] G u,i It is the angle between the line connecting the center of the third friction plate on the circumference of the i-th circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system and the positive direction of the X-axis, in degrees;

[0060] G d,i It is the angle between the line connecting the center of the first friction plate of the ith circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system and the positive direction of the X-axis, in degrees;

[0061] G r,i It is the angle between the line connecting the center of the second friction plate of the ith circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system and the positive direction of the X-axis, in degrees;

[0062] R u,i is the distance between the center of the third friction plate of the ith circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system, in mm;

[0063] R d,i is the distance between the center of the first friction plate of the ith circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system, in mm;

[0064] R r,iis the distance between the center of the second friction plate of the ith circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system, in mm;

[0065] F u,i is the monitored force on the third friction plate of the ith circumference in the XY plane, in N;

[0066] F d,i is the monitored force on the first friction plate of the ith circumference in the XY plane, in N;

[0067] F r,i It is the monitored force of the second friction plate on the ith circumference in the XY plane, in N.

[0068] The embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, all changes made according to the shape and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind turbine sliding yaw brake, characterized in that: It includes an upper friction plate assembly, a middle friction plate assembly, a lower friction plate assembly and a bolt assembly; the upper friction plate assembly is installed on the yaw base of the wind turbine set and is arranged above the wind turbine set gear ring, the middle friction plate assembly and the lower friction plate assembly are connected to the yaw base of the wind turbine set through the bolt assembly, the middle friction plate assembly is radially arranged on the side of the wind turbine set gear ring, the lower friction plate assembly is arranged below the wind turbine set gear ring, and the upper friction plate assembly, the middle friction plate assembly and the lower friction plate assembly are all in contact with the wind turbine set gear ring.

2. A wind turbine sliding yaw brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower friction plate assembly comprises a lower caliper body, a wire window and a wire groove are provided on the side of the lower caliper body, the wire groove is located inside the lower caliper body, and the wire window is communicated with the wire groove.

3. A wind turbine sliding yaw brake according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower friction plate assembly includes a first friction plate, a first pad, a first sensor, a support ring, a disc spring, a pin and an adjusting nut; the lower caliper body is provided with a friction plate hole, a through hole and an adjusting nut hole from top to bottom, the friction plate hole is connected with the through hole and the adjusting nut hole, the first friction plate is installed at the friction plate hole, and the first friction plate is in contact with the wind turbine gear ring, the first sensor, the support ring and the pin are installed in the through hole from top to bottom, the adjusting nut is installed in the adjusting nut hole, the first pad is arranged between the first friction plate and the first sensor, and the disc spring is arranged between the support ring and the adjusting nut.

4. A wind turbine sliding yaw brake according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower pliers body is provided with a pliers opening groove, and the pliers opening groove is arranged on the inner wall of the friction plate hole.

5. The wind turbine sliding yaw brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle friction plate assembly includes a middle caliper body, an adjusting nut, a second sensor, a second pad and a second friction plate. The middle caliper body is radially provided with an adjusting nut hole, a sensor hole and a friction plate hole, and the adjusting nut hole, the sensor hole and the friction plate hole are connected together and pass through the middle caliper body. The second friction plate is installed in the friction plate hole, and the second friction plate is in contact with the wind turbine gear ring. The second sensor is installed in the sensor hole, the second pad is installed between the second sensor and the second friction plate, and the adjusting nut is installed in the adjusting nut hole.

6. A wind turbine sliding yaw brake according to claim 5, characterized in that: The middle pliers body is provided with a wire groove and a tweezer mouth groove, the wire groove is located below the adjusting nut hole, the sensor hole and the friction plate hole, and the tweezer mouth groove is arranged on the inner wall of the friction plate hole.

7. The wind turbine sliding yaw brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper friction plate assembly includes a third sensor, a third pad and a third friction plate connected in sequence from top to bottom. A radially through mounting hole is opened on the yaw base of the wind turbine set. The upper friction plate assembly is inserted into the mounting hole as a whole and is connected to the yaw base of the wind turbine set, and the third friction plate is in contact with the ring gear of the wind turbine set.

8. The wind turbine sliding yaw brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower caliper body of the lower friction plate assembly and the middle caliper body of the middle friction plate assembly are both provided with bolt holes for the bolt assembly to pass through, and the bolt holes of the lower caliper body correspond to the bolt holes of the middle caliper body one by one.

9. A wind turbine sliding yaw brake system, comprising a gear ring, a yaw base and a data acquisition instrument, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of wind turbine sliding yaw brakes as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the plurality of wind turbine sliding yaw brakes are arranged circumferentially along the inner edge of the gear ring and are mounted on a yaw base through a bolt assembly, and each of the wind turbine sliding yaw brakes is communicatively connected to a data acquisition instrument.

10. A method for monitoring the load of a yaw system of a wind turbine, characterized in that: The wind turbine sliding yaw braking system according to claim 9 is implemented, comprising: An algorithm is established to process the friction plate force in the wind turbine sliding yaw brake as the sliding yaw system load. The XY plane is defined in the wind turbine yaw system load coordinate system, with the positive direction of the X axis being 0° and the positive direction of the Y axis being 90°. N is the number of wind turbine sliding yaw brakes preset in the XY plane, and each wind turbine sliding yaw brake is provided with N u The third friction plate, N d The first friction plate, N r The load calculation formula of the wind turbine yaw system load coordinate system is as follows: Z-axis force: X-axis force: Y-axis force: X-axis load: Y-axis load: G u,i It is the angle between the line connecting the center of the third friction plate on the circumference of the i-th circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system and the positive direction of the X-axis, in degrees; G d,i It is the angle between the line connecting the center of the first friction plate of the ith circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system and the positive direction of the X-axis, in degrees; G r,i It is the angle between the line connecting the center of the second friction plate of the ith circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system and the positive direction of the X-axis, in degrees; R u,i is the distance between the center of the third friction plate of the ith circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system, in mm; R d,i is the distance between the center of the first friction plate of the ith circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system, in mm; R r,i is the distance between the center of the second friction plate of the ith circle in the XY plane and the origin of the coordinate system, in mm; F u,i is the monitored force on the third friction plate of the ith circumference in the XY plane, in N; F d,i is the monitored force on the first friction plate of the ith circumference in the XY plane, in N; F r,i It is the monitored force of the second friction plate on the ith circumference in the XY plane, in N.

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