Embankment waste tire slope protection design method and protection structure thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an embankment waste tire slope protection design method and a protection structure thereof. The embankment waste tire slope protection design method comprises the following steps that S1, an embankment waste tire soil fixation and slope protection scheme is initially planned; s2, designing an embankment slope field simulation rainfall test scheme on the basis of the initially planned soil fixation and slope protection scheme, and carrying out an embankment waste tire soil fixation and slope protection field rainfall test; s3, utilizing ABAQUS to construct a slope surface single tire mechanical model to analyze the gliding degree of the waste tire; s4, according to the analysis result of the sliding degree of the waste tires, anchoring parameters of the slope waste tires are determined; and S5, according to the anchoring parameters of the slope waste tires, an embankment waste tire slope protection construction scheme is determined, and corresponding construction protection on the slope is completed. The method is novel and reasonable in design, on the basis that the slope stability is fully guaranteed, the construction progress is accelerated, the construction cost is saved, the slope surface single tire mechanical model is established through ABAQUS, and the anchoring scheme of the group tires is analyzed and determined through the sliding degree of the waste tires.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a design method for embankment waste tire slope protection and a protection structure thereof, belonging to the technical field of highway roadbed protection engineering. Background Art

[0002] At present, unused waste tires not only occupy a large amount of landfill space, but their incineration also has a negative impact on the surrounding ecological environment.

[0003] Fixing waste tires on the slope of highway embankment, covering with planting soil, sowing or planting local plants, using waste tire fillings as a load-bearing frame, and combining the slope protection function of rapid vegetation recovery to reduce slope scour and erosion is an effective means of slope protection and consolidation. It has the characteristics of large soil fixation, good water retention, conducive to plant growth, and low cost. It not only reduces the instability and scour erosion in the early stage of slope construction, but also can utilize a large number of waste tires to reduce "black pollution" and promote the utilization of renewable resources and environmental protection.

[0004] At present, there are two main types of roadbed slope protection in China: one is to lay hexagonal hollow bricks from bottom to top on the slope surface and to carry out soil and grass treatment on the hollow part; the other is to build a concrete arch frame on the roadbed slope in a cast-in-place or prefabricated manner. Hexagonal hollow brick protection can reduce the scouring of the slope by surface water to a certain extent, and the grass planting and greening of the hollow position of the hexagonal hollow bricks also has a certain ornamental value. However, concrete hexagonal hollow bricks consume more building materials such as sand, gravel, and cement, and the construction progress is slow, the cost is high, and a special prefabricated component site is required. Although the concrete arch frame slope protection has good anti-scouring performance, its construction structure is difficult to support, the construction process is cumbersome, the on-site construction efficiency is low, and the construction period is long. In addition, this type of slope protection has a large demand for building materials such as cement, sand and gravel, and the construction cost is high.

[0005] At present, after searching, one of the Chinese utility model patents with patent announcement number CN206693252U discloses a slope protection structure based on a combination of anchor rods and waste tires, which includes waste tires, and the waste tires are laid on the slope in rows and columns. Through holes are processed on the waste tires at symmetrical positions on the left, right, top and bottom of the crown area, and iron rings are embedded and installed at the positions of the through holes; transverse and longitudinal steel wire ropes are passed through the through holes to fix all the waste tires into a mesh structure, and the steel wire ropes are fixed on the anchor rods, and the anchor rods are arranged at the four top edge positions of the waste tires, and the anchor rods are anchored on the slope. Although the patent describes the connection method between waste tires and anchor rods, as well as the principle of force transmission, it does not conduct specific calculation analysis and does not mention the application of the patent in engineering cases. Therefore, during the protection process, accuracy cannot be guaranteed, and the displacement and sliding force of tires under different working conditions cannot be evaluated, resulting in the inability to determine the number and quantity of anchor fixing layers, and the rationality of the design plan cannot be scientifically demonstrated, resulting in waste of resources and failure to guarantee protection reliability.

[0006] Another Chinese utility model patent with the patent announcement number CN204370372U discloses a waste tire anti-scour ecological embankment device, which is used alone or attached to one side of a traditional embankment, and is composed of waste tires, connectors, and fillers. The characteristics are: the waste tires are arranged in sequence or staggered along the base of the river slope, the connectors connect the waste tires into a whole, and vertical anchor rods are set at the contact between the bottom tire and the bank slope, and transverse anchor rods are set at the contact between the inner tire and the bank slope, and the gap between the waste tire and the adjacent tire is filled with fillers. Although the above patent describes the connection and fixation between the waste tire segment, anchor cable, anchor rod and connector in the water blocker, it does not conduct a detailed force analysis. Although it also provides the thickness specifications of the anti-seepage layer, sand and gravel layer, anti-scour layer and grass planting layer, it does not provide a specific calculation basis. In the construction and protection process, it is also impossible to guarantee the specific protection accuracy, and it is impossible to evaluate the displacement and sliding force of the tire under different working conditions, and it is impossible to scientifically demonstrate the rationality of the design scheme.

[0007] Another Chinese invention patent with patent announcement number CN106812142A discloses a method for slope ecological restoration and slope protection using discarded tires, which includes the following steps: S1, setting drainage ditches, setting transverse drainage ditches perpendicular to the slope at the top, foot and bridleway of the slope according to the rainfall and drainage conditions of the slope and its vicinity; S2, cleaning the slope and setting a tire fixing groove, cleaning all obstacles, loose soil and loose stones on the slope to make the slope flat, and then setting a rectangular tire fixing groove recessed into the slope on the slope, and setting a baffle on the upper wall of the groove; S3, laying tires Tire, put the semi-circular tire into the pre-set tire fixing groove, and use anchor nails and connecting ribs to fix the tire in the tire fixing groove; S4, tire filling, fill the tire ring in S3 with sponge or ceramsite and other water-absorbing and water-retaining materials, and fill the space between the tire and the tire fixing groove with planting soil; S5, install anchor nails, anchor the anchor nails into the designed position, and the anchoring depth and exposed length of the anchor nails are determined according to the weathering and crushing degree of the slope surface and the different positions of the slope; Step 6, lay the galvanized wire mesh, first lay the galvanized wire mesh along the slope surface from top to bottom, and stick the mesh directly on

[0008] On the tire, the entire mesh needs to be laid tight, and adjacent meshes need to be overlapped up and down and left and right; Step seven, base material spraying and vegetation construction, spray the base material mixture onto the entire slope, the spray thickness is flush with the top of the tire, and then sow plant seeds or transplant plant seedlings; that is, the ecological restoration of slopes in arid areas using discarded tires is completed. Although the above patent achieves the purpose of ecological restoration and slope protection by setting tire fixing grooves on the slope, filling water-absorbing materials, installing anchors and galvanized wire mesh, and spraying base materials and vegetation construction, and also describes the arrangement and fixation of anchors, no detailed force analysis is performed. Although it also mentions the calculation of the size and spacing of the tire fixing grooves, no corresponding scientific calculation process is provided, and the reliability and accuracy of the protection cannot be guaranteed in detail and clearly. In short, it is often very inconvenient.

[0009] Therefore, the key to solving the above technical problems is to develop a safe, reliable and stable embankment waste tire slope protection design method and its protection structure. Summary of the invention

[0010] In view of the many defects and shortcomings existing in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention has made improvements and innovations thereto, and aims to provide a design method for slope protection of waste tires on embankments and a protective structure thereof, which can bury waste tires in the slopes of highway embankments, give full play to their own anti-scouring characteristics, and use waste tires to fix soil and plant grass / shrubs to construct a slope protection system with ecological functions, so as to realize the organic combination of waste resources and slope protection, and promote the scientific application of solid waste resources in the field of transportation; on the basis of fully ensuring the stability of the slope, the construction progress is accelerated, the construction cost is saved, the pollution of waste tires to the environment is reduced, the "waste is turned into treasure" is realized, the efficient utilization of renewable resources is promoted, and a reliable guarantee is provided for slope management. At the same time, the present invention establishes a single tire mechanical model through the finite element analysis software ABAQUS, evaluates the displacement and sliding force of the tire under different working conditions, so as to determine the number and quantity of anchor fixing layers, scientifically demonstrates the rationality of the design scheme, and realizes the effective utilization of waste tires in slope protection projects to enhance the stability and anti-scouring ability of the slope.

[0011] Another invention purpose of the present invention is to replace traditional slope protection by recycling and reusing waste tires, while ensuring the stability of the slope, taking into account construction progress, construction cost, and environmental protection, which is helpful to promote the utilization of renewable resources, expand the breadth / depth of green transportation development, and promote high-quality development of transportation.

[0012] In order to solve the above problems and achieve the above invention objectives, the present invention provides a road embankment waste tire slope protection design method and protection structure thereof by adopting the following design structure and the following technical solutions:

[0013] As an improvement of a design method for embankment waste tire slope protection and a protective structure thereof, the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1: Preliminary proposal for the road embankment soil consolidation and slope protection scheme using waste tires;

[0015] S2: Based on the initially proposed soil consolidation and slope protection scheme, a simulated rainfall test scheme for the embankment slope was designed, and an on-site rainfall test for the soil consolidation and slope protection of the embankment with waste tires was carried out;

[0016] S3: Use ABAQUS to build a single tire mechanical model on a slope to analyze the sliding degree of waste tires;

[0017] S4: Determine the anchoring parameters of the waste tires on the slope according to the analysis results of the waste tire sliding degree;

[0018] S5: According to the anchoring parameters of the waste tires on the slope, determine the construction plan for the slope protection of the waste tires on the embankment, and complete the corresponding construction protection of the slope.

[0019] As an improvement of the above-mentioned present invention, in step S1, according to "Specifications, Dimensions, Air Pressure and Load of Truck Tires" (GB / T2977) and "Specifications, Dimensions, Air Pressure and Load of Passenger Car Tires" (GB / T 2978), combined with the experience in slope protection project construction, waste tires of the same model with convenient construction and smaller size are selected, and the waste tires are aligned and arranged layer by layer from bottom to top along the slope surface. The oblique length of the exposed slope surface of the waste tire soil consolidation slope protection is used as a design parameter, and a preliminary plan for the embankment waste tire soil consolidation slope protection is proposed.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above-mentioned present invention, in step S2, waste tires are arranged on the embankment slope according to the initially proposed embankment waste tire soil consolidation and slope protection scheme, the slope area within 3 to 5 m along the route direction of the preset scheme is selected as a single test area, a suitable artificial rainfall simulation device is selected and installed on the slope, and the regional extreme rainfall intensity is used as the test parameter to carry out the anti-scour performance test of the waste tire soil consolidation and slope protection under extreme rainfall conditions on the actual embankment slope.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the anti-scour performance test is based on the slope surface being able to maintain a relatively intact state, and the slope surface being able to maintain a relatively intact state including no large number of fine grooves, cracks and obvious damage is used as the basis for selecting the waste tire slope surface arrangement scheme:

[0022] (1) If the slope scouring status is relatively complete under different exposed slope length arrangement schemes, the larger exposed slope length shall be used as the test result;

[0023] (2) If the slopes of some schemes are damaged by scouring, the oblique length of the exposed slopes that are not damaged by scouring shall be used as the test result;

[0024] (3) If all preset schemes cannot meet the requirements for slope anti-scour, the exposed slope surface length should be reduced and the scour test should be conducted again until the slope surface condition meets the requirements, and the reduced exposed slope surface length should be used as the test result;

[0025] (4) If the embankment slope is still severely eroded when the tires are fully deployed, the layout of slope water interception facilities should be considered comprehensively or other forms of slope protection solutions should be selected.

[0026] Among them, based on the recommended criteria of the above-mentioned plan, the application layout plan of the embankment waste tire soil consolidation and slope protection was determined by comparison.

[0027] As a further improvement of the present invention, in step S3, the tire model selected in step S1 is used to construct a mechanical model of a single waste tire on the embankment slope with different soils and slope slopes using ABAQUS, and the limit state of saturated soil on the slope is used as the calculation condition, and the displacement state and sliding force of the single waste tire on the slope are used as calculation indicators to analyze the sliding degree of the waste tire under different working conditions;

[0028] The analysis of the sliding degree of waste tires includes selecting φ14 threaded steel bar driven anchor rods, aiming to prevent tires from sliding on the slope, and performing mechanical analysis and calculation on the sliding degree of tire groups on the slope for the application arrangement scheme of the waste tire soil reinforcement slope protection determined in step S2;

[0029] According to the relevant requirements in the Technical Code for Construction Foundation Pit Support (JGJ 120-2012), the calculation formula for the anti-sliding force of a single anchor is:

[0030] F 锚 =q sk πdl Formula (1) Where: F 锚 is the anti-slip force of the anchor rod (N);

[0031] q sk is the bond strength between the anchor and the soil (kPa), refer to the Technical Code for Construction Foundation Pit Support (JGJ 120-2012)

[0032] Standard value of ultimate bond strength of soil nails in;

[0033] d is the diameter of the anchor rod (m);

[0034] l is the length of the anchor embedded in the soil (m).

[0035] As a further improvement of the above-mentioned present invention, in step S3, the analysis of the sliding degree of the waste tires further includes fixing the tires on the slope surface in the lower part of the area with anchor rods in a bottom-to-top order according to the mechanical state analysis of the waste tires on the slope surface and the anti-sliding force level of the anchor rods, dividing the waste tires on the slope surface into an anchor rod fixing layer near the bottom of the slope surface and a bare tire layer near the top of the slope surface, and dividing the slope surface anchor rod fixing area;

[0036] The number of single-tire anchor bolts is designed to be one. For different slope gradients, soil types and slope heights, the number of anchor bolt fixing layers is determined by establishing an inequality relationship between the total anti-sliding force of the entire slope and the total sliding force of the slope. Among them, the conditional relationship that should be met when the slope is in a stable state is:

[0037] F 锚 >F Formula (2) Where: F is the total sliding force on the slope (N);

[0038] F 锚 is the total anti-sliding force of slope anchor (N).

[0039] As a further improvement of the above-mentioned invention, the total sliding force of the slope is formed by the superposition of the sliding forces generated by each single tire on the slope. The calculation formula of the total sliding force of the slope of waste tire soil reinforcement under different working conditions is:

[0040] F ij =f i ×m ij ×n Formula (3) Where: F ij is the total sliding force on the slope of waste tire soil reinforcement under different working conditions (N);

[0041] f i is the maximum sliding force under single tire static load under the i-th slope soil condition (N);

[0042] m ij is the tire arrangement method on the slope of the jth embankment slope height under the i-th slope soil condition.

[0043] Under the case, the total number of layers of slope tires laid;

[0044] n is the total number of slope tire rows.

[0045] As a further improvement of the above-mentioned present invention, the total anti-slip force of the slope anchor rod is formed by the superposition of the anti-slip force generated by each anchor rod on the slope surface. The calculation formula of the total anti-slip force of the slope anchor rod of the waste tire soil reinforcement slope protection under different working conditions is:

[0046] F 锚ijL =f 锚L ×k ij ×n×s Formula (4) Where: F 锚ijL is the total anti-sliding force of the anchor rods on the slope of waste tire soil reinforcement under different working conditions (N);

[0047] f 锚L is the ultimate anti-sliding force of a single anchor with an anchoring length of L (N);

[0048] k ij is the number of anchor bolt fixing layers on the slope surface under the slope tire arrangement scheme of the jth embankment slope height under the i-th slope soil condition;

[0049] n is the total number of slope tire laying rows;

[0050] s is the number of anchor bolts fixed to a single tire, and its value is 1;

[0051] Substitute the tire force parameters and anchor design parameters under different working conditions into formulas 3 and 4 for calculation. Based on the inequality relationship in formula 2 that the overall anti-slip force of the slope is greater than the overall sliding force, the minimum number of anchor fixing layers that meets the anti-slip force requirements of the slope under different working conditions is calculated.

[0052] As a further improvement of the present invention, the protective structure comprises:

[0053] Waste tires (1), the waste tires (1) are installed in rows on the slope (3);

[0054] A plurality of anchor rods (2) are provided, each anchor rod (2) passing through the inner bottom wall of each waste tire (1) and being installed on the slope surface (3).

[0055] As a further improvement of the above-mentioned present invention, the waste tire (1) also includes at least one of a car tire outer tire, a motorcycle tire outer tire, an agricultural machinery tire outer tire or an industrial tire outer tire;

[0056] The anchor rod (2) includes a prestressed anchor rod, an anchoring anchor rod, a grouting anchor rod, a plate anchor rod or a composite anchor rod.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0058] 1. The method of the present invention is to determine an economical and effective layout scheme based on the anti-scouring performance of the slope surface of the waste tire-soil composite through on-site rainfall test of the embankment waste tire soil reinforcement slope, and to establish a single tire mechanical model of the slope surface using ABAQUS, and to determine the anchoring scheme of the tire group through the analysis of the degree of slippage of the waste tire;

[0059] 2. The method of the present invention has reliable results, convenient construction and low cost. The use of waste tires to consolidate soil for protection replaces traditional slope protection projects, which can reduce the use of building materials such as concrete and stone masonry, shorten the construction period, effectively reduce construction costs, realize the transformation of waste into treasure, reduce the pollution of waste tires to the environment, and effectively promote the efficient use of solid waste resources in the transportation industry;

[0060] 3. The present invention can bury waste tires in the road embankment slope, give full play to its own anti-scouring characteristics, use waste tires to fix soil, interplant grass / shrubs to build a slope protection system with ecological functions, so as to achieve an organic combination of waste resources and slope protection, and promote the scientific application of solid waste resources in the field of transportation; on the basis of fully ensuring the stability of the slope, it speeds up the construction progress, saves construction costs, reduces the pollution of waste tires to the environment, realizes "turning waste into treasure", promotes the efficient utilization of renewable resources, and provides a reliable guarantee for slope management;

[0061] 4. The present invention replaces traditional slope protection by recycling waste tires, which ensures the stability of the slope while taking into account the construction progress, construction cost and environmental protection, and is helpful for promoting the utilization of renewable resources, expanding the breadth / depth of green transportation development and promoting high-quality development of transportation;

[0062] 5. The present invention can improve environmental protection and economic efficiency. The use of waste tires can reduce landfill, reduce environmental pollution, and promote the recycling of resources. At the same time, tires are relatively cheap or free, which reduces construction and maintenance costs;

[0063] 6. The present invention can improve the anti-corrosion and drainage performance. The structure of the waste tires can effectively prevent soil erosion and maintain the stability of the slope. At the same time, the holes in the tires can improve the drainage capacity of the ground, reduce rainwater accumulation, and reduce the risk of landslides.

[0064] 7. The present invention can improve durability and aesthetics. The tire has strong weathering and corrosion resistance and a long service life. At the same time, the elasticity of the tire can provide a certain buffering effect to reduce the damage to the slope surface caused by the impact. In addition, through reasonable layout and design, a visually attractive landscape effect can be created;

[0065] 8. The present invention establishes a single tire mechanical model through the finite element analysis software ABAQUS, evaluates the displacement and sliding force of the tire under different working conditions, determines the number and quantity of anchor fixing layers, scientifically demonstrates the rationality of the design scheme, and realizes the effective use of waste tires in slope protection projects to enhance the stability and anti-scour ability of the slope;

[0066] 9. In terms of engineering implementation, the present invention first formulates a design plan based on parameters such as the embankment slope height and slope rate, then conducts an on-site rainfall test, adjusts the plan based on the test results, and then uses ABAQUS software to analyze and determine the anchor fixing parameters to complete the slope protection design. At the same time, this patent particularly emphasizes the convenience and economy of construction, and takes a specific roadbed protection project as an example to discuss in detail the construction steps and design parameters of this embankment waste tire slope protection design method in actual engineering construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0067] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0068] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the design process of waste tire slope protection of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the layout of waste tires on the embankment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 3 It is a division diagram of the slope anchor fixing area of ​​the present invention;

[0071] Figure 4 It is a single-layer anchor bolt fixing position diagram of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 5 It is a multi-layer anchor fixing position diagram of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 6 It is one of the overall use state structure schematic diagrams of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 7 This is the second schematic diagram of the overall use state structure of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 8 This is the third schematic diagram of the overall use state structure of the present invention;

[0076] Fig. 9 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the overall use state structure of the present invention;

[0077] Fig.10 It is a flowchart of the working principle of the present invention;

[0078] Fig.11 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the physical state of the engineering application example of the present invention;

[0079] Fig.12 The second schematic diagram of the physical state of the engineering application example of the present invention;

[0080] Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the actual state of the engineering application example of the present invention (III)

[0081] Fig.14 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the physical state of the engineering application example of the present invention;

[0082] Fig.15 This is the fifth physical state schematic diagram of the engineering application example of the present invention;

[0083] Fig.16 This is the sixth schematic diagram of the physical state of the engineering application example of the present invention;

[0084] Fig.17 This is the seventh schematic diagram of the physical state of the engineering application example of the present invention;

[0085] Among them, the numbers in the figure are: 1-waste tire, 2-anchor rod, 3-slope surface, 4-vegetation;

[0086] S1—Preliminary proposal for the road embankment soil consolidation and slope protection plan using waste tires;

[0087] S2—Based on the initially proposed soil consolidation and slope protection scheme, design a simulated rainfall test scheme for the embankment slope, and carry out a field rainfall test on the embankment waste tire soil consolidation and slope protection;

[0088] S3—Use ABAQUS to build a single tire mechanical model on the slope to analyze the sliding degree of waste tires;

[0089] S4—determine the anchoring parameters of the waste tires on the slope according to the analysis results of the waste tire sliding degree;

[0090] S5—According to the anchoring parameters of the waste tires on the slope, determine the construction plan for the slope protection of the waste tires on the embankment and complete the corresponding construction protection of the slope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0091] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0092] In summary, a more specific embodiment of the present invention is:

[0093] To achieve the above purpose, a design method for embankment slope protection of waste tires is proposed. Figure 1 , mainly includes the following steps:

[0094] S1: Preliminary design of the road embankment soil consolidation and slope protection by waste tires;

[0095] According to the "Specifications, Dimensions, Air Pressure and Load of Truck Tires" (GB / T 2977) and "Specifications, Dimensions, Air Pressure and Load of Passenger Car Tires" (GB / T 2978), combined with the experience of slope protection project construction, select the same type of waste tires with convenient construction and small size, and arrange the waste tires in an aligned manner from bottom to top along the slope (such as Figure 2 ), taking the exposed slope oblique length of the waste tire soil reinforcement slope protection as the design parameter, a preset waste tire soil reinforcement slope protection scheme for the embankment.

[0096] In the present invention, specifically, small-sized tires are selected according to parameters such as the embankment slope height and slope rate to formulate various embankment slope waste tire arrangement schemes.

[0097] S2: Based on the initially proposed soil consolidation and slope protection scheme, a simulated rainfall test scheme for the embankment slope was designed, and an on-site rainfall test for the soil consolidation and slope protection of the embankment with waste tires was carried out;

[0098] According to the preset soil consolidation and slope protection scheme, waste tires are laid out on the embankment slope. The slope area within 3 to 5m along the route direction is selected as a single test area. A suitable artificial rainfall simulation device is selected and installed on the slope. Based on the centralized road surface drainage method, the regional extreme rainfall intensity is used as the test parameter to carry out the anti-scour performance test of waste tire soil consolidation and slope protection under extreme rainfall conditions on the actual embankment slope. The selection of the waste tire slope layout scheme is based on the slope surface being able to maintain a relatively intact state without a large number of fine grooves, cracks and other obvious damage states.

[0099] (1) If the slope scouring status is relatively complete under different exposed slope length arrangement schemes, the larger exposed slope length shall be used as the test result;

[0100] (2) If the slopes of some schemes are damaged by scouring, the oblique length of the exposed slopes that are not damaged by scouring shall be used as the test result;

[0101] (3) If all preset schemes cannot meet the requirements for slope anti-scour, the exposed slope surface length should be reduced and the scour test should be conducted again until the slope surface condition meets the requirements, and the reduced exposed slope surface length should be used as the test result;

[0102] (4) If the embankment slope is still severely eroded when the tires are fully deployed, the layout of slope water interception facilities should be considered comprehensively or other forms of slope protection solutions should be selected.

[0103] Based on the recommended criteria of the above scheme, the application layout scheme of the waste tire soil consolidation and slope protection on the embankment was determined by comparison.

[0104] In the present invention, the regional extreme rainfall intensity is used as the test parameter, and the anti-scour performance test of the waste tire soil reinforcement slope is carried out on the slope surface of the actual embankment. Based on the fact that no obvious scour gullies appear on the slope surface after the test, the waste tire soil reinforcement slope protection layout scheme that meets the anti-scour performance of embankment slopes of different heights is selected.

[0105] S3: Use ABAQUS to build a single tire mechanical model on a slope to analyze the sliding degree of waste tires;

[0106] The tire model selected by S1 was adopted, and the mechanical model of a single waste tire on the embankment slope with different soils and slope gradients was constructed using ABAQUS. The limit state of saturated slope soil was taken as the calculation condition, and the displacement state and sliding force of a single waste tire on the slope were taken as the calculation indicators. The sliding degree of waste tires under different working conditions was analyzed.

[0107] In the present invention, ABAQUS finite element analysis software is used to establish a single tire mechanical model, analyze the stability of the waste tire slope, propose anchor rod fixing parameters for waste tire soil consolidation and slope protection, and determine the design scheme for embankment waste tire slope protection.

[0108] S4: Determine the anchoring parameters of the waste tires on the slope according to the analysis results of the sliding degree of the waste tires.

[0109] S5: According to the anchoring parameters of the waste tires on the slope, determine the construction plan for the slope protection of the waste tires on the embankment, and complete the corresponding construction protection of the slope.

[0110] φ14 threaded steel bar driven anchor rods were selected, and the tire sliding on the slope was prevented as the goal. The application layout of the waste tire soil reinforcement slope protection determined by S2 was used to conduct a mechanical analysis of the degree of tire group sliding on the slope.

[0111] According to the relevant requirements of the Technical Code for Construction Pit Support (JGJ 120), the anti-sliding force of a single anchor is calculated using Formula 1.

[0112] F 锚 =q sk πdl Formula (1) Where: F 锚 is the anti-slip force of the anchor rod (N);

[0113] q sk is the bond strength between the anchor and the soil (kPa), referring to the standard value of the ultimate bond strength of soil nails in the Technical Code for Building Foundation Pit Support (JGJ 120-2012);

[0114] D is the diameter of the anchor rod (m);

[0115] L is the length of the anchor embedded in the soil (m).

[0116] According to the mechanical state analysis of the waste tires on the slope and the anti-sliding force level of the anchor rods, the tires on the slope in the lower part of the slope are fixed with anchor rods in a bottom-up order. The waste tires on the slope are divided into an anchor rod fixing layer near the bottom of the slope and a bare tire layer near the top of the slope. The slope anchor rod fixing area is divided as follows: Figure 3 .

[0117] The number of single-tire anchor bolts is designed to be one. For different slope gradients, soil types and slope heights, the number of anchor bolt fixing layers is determined by establishing an inequality relationship between the total anti-sliding force of the entire slope and the total sliding force of the slope. When the slope is in a stable state, the relationship in formula 2 should be satisfied:

[0118] F 锚 >F Formula (2) Where: F is the total sliding force on the slope (N);

[0119] F 锚 is the total anti-sliding force of slope anchor (N).

[0120] The total sliding force of the slope is the sum of the sliding forces generated by each single tire on the slope. The total sliding force of the slope of waste tire soil reinforcement under different working conditions is calculated according to Formula 3.

[0121] F ij =f i ×m ij ×n Formula (3) Where: F ij is the total sliding force on the slope of waste tire soil reinforcement under different working conditions (N);

[0122] f i is the maximum sliding force under single tire static load under the i-th slope soil condition (N);

[0123] m ij is the total number of slope tire laying layers (layers) under the slope tire arrangement scheme of the jth embankment slope height under the i-th slope soil condition;

[0124] n is the total number of slope tires laid in rows (rows).

[0125] The total anti-slip force of the slope anchor rod is the sum of the anti-slip forces generated by each anchor rod on the slope. The total anti-slip force of the slope anchor rod of the waste tire soil reinforcement slope protection under different working conditions is calculated according to Formula 4.

[0126] F 锚ijL =f 锚L ×k ij ×n×s Formula (4) Where: F 锚ijL is the total anti-sliding force of the anchor rods on the slope of waste tire soil reinforcement under different working conditions (N);

[0127] f 锚L is the ultimate anti-sliding force of a single anchor with an anchoring length of L (N);

[0128] k ij is the number of anchor bolt fixing layers (layers) on the slope surface under the slope tire arrangement scheme of the jth embankment slope height under the i-th slope soil condition;

[0129] n is the total number of slope tire laying rows (rows);

[0130] s is the number of single-tire anchor bolts (roots), and its value is 1.

[0131] Substitute the tire force parameters and anchor design parameters under different working conditions into formulas 3 to 4 for calculation. Based on the inequality relationship that the overall anti-slip force of the slope is greater than the overall sliding force of the slope in formula 2, the minimum number of anchor fixing layers that meets the anti-slip force requirements of the slope under different working conditions is calculated. The detailed calculation example is shown below:

[0132] Calculation Example

[0133] Assuming that the slope gradient is 1:1.25 and the slope height is 5.5m, the slope length is about 8.8m, and the exposed slope length is 2.5m. Use waste tires with a diameter of 0.55m to consolidate the soil and protect the slope. The number of rows of waste tires is 10, and the waste tires are fixed with anchor rods with a diameter of 0.014m, and the length embedded in the soil is 0.6m.

[0134] A. The number of layers of waste tires is

[0135] (8.8m-2.5m) / 0.55m≈11.5≈12 floors

[0136] B. The water content of clay in saturated state is close to its liquid limit value, and the plasticity index is close to 1. A more conservative state is adopted, and the ultimate bond strength of clay is selected as q sk粘 =20kpa(1kpa=1000N / m 2 ), the ultimate anti-sliding force of a single anchor is

[0137] F 锚 =q sk πdl=20kpa×π×0.014m×0.6m=528N

[0138] C. According to the calculation of ABAQUS mechanical model, the maximum sliding force under the static load of a single tire in this case is 39N, so the total sliding force on the slope is

[0139] F ij =f i ×m ij ×n=39N×12×10=4680N

[0140] D. If the number of anchor bolt laying layers is 1, the total anti-sliding force of the slope anchor bolt is

[0141] F 锚ijl =f 锚l ×k ij ×n×s=528N×1×10×1=5280N>4680N

[0142] Therefore, when the number of anchor rod laying layers is 1, the anchor rod can ensure the stability of the slope surface of 12 layers of waste tires on the clay embankment with a slope gradient of 1:1.25 and a slope height of 5.5m.

[0143] From the above, it can be seen that compared with the existing slope protection methods, the design method of the present invention has the following characteristics: This method uses the on-site rainfall test of the road embankment waste tire soil reinforcement slope protection, and determines the economical and effective layout plan based on the anti-scouring performance of the waste tire-soil composite slope surface, and uses ABAQUS to establish a single tire mechanical model of the slope surface, and determines the anchoring plan of the group tires through the waste tire sliding degree analysis. The results of this method are true and reliable, and the construction is convenient and the cost is low. The use of waste tire soil reinforcement protection instead of traditional slope protection projects can reduce the use of building materials such as concrete and stone masonry, shorten the construction period, and effectively reduce construction costs, realizing the transformation of waste into treasure, reducing the pollution of waste tires to the environment, and effectively promoting the efficient use of solid waste resources in the transportation industry.

[0144] In the present invention, an injection molding layer, an anti-rust layer and a warning layer are sprayed in sequence from the inside to the outside on the outer surfaces of the waste tire (1) and the anchor rod (2), and fluorescent powder is coated on the warning layer.

[0145] In the present invention, a polymer wear-resistant material is injection molded on the injection layer; the anti-rust layer includes an epoxy zinc-rich primer and a chlorinated rubber topcoat and an epoxy micaceous iron intermediate paint located between the epoxy zinc-rich primer and the chlorinated rubber topcoat, so that it is not easy to rust and corrode, and the service life is extended; the waterproof layer is a polyurethane waterproof coating; the warning layer is a yellow or black reflective warning tape or a reflective color film or a reflective paint, so that the position of the protective structure can be clearly marked when constructing at night or in a dark environment, which can effectively play a role of safety reminder, improve the conspicuousness, and be easy for people to identify, thereby increasing the safety in construction and life.

[0146] Meanwhile, in the present invention, the connections referred to are all fixed connections or movable connections or detachable connections, wherein:

[0147] The fixed connection is a welding connection or is directly processed into an integrally formed structure; the movable connection or detachable connection is a hinged connection, a threaded connection, a bayonet connection, a plug-in connection, a bolt assembly connection, or a screw connection.

[0148] Specific engineering application examples

[0149] The following is a further description of the specific implementation methods of the present invention by taking the design of waste tire soil consolidation and slope protection for the 4-6m high embankment of Yunnan Menglu Expressway as an example:

[0150] S1: Preliminary design of the road embankment soil consolidation and slope protection by waste tires;

[0151] Taking into account the principles of small-size priority, uniformity and economy, and after investigating the waste tire recycling market in Yunnan Province, we chose to purchase small-size waste tires from Kunming. The rim size is R13~R16. For specific size parameters, see Table 1.

[0152] Table 1 Tire size parameters

[0153]

[0154] According to different slope heights, soil types, tire layouts and other conditions, different preset schemes of exposed slope length are designed. See Table 2 for the design range of exposed slope length of preset schemes.

[0155] Table 2 Recommended range of exposed slope length of different embankment slopes

[0156]

[0157] In consideration of the local geological conditions, a sandy soil slope was selected, and waste tires were arranged layer by layer from bottom to top along the slope. Two slope height schemes of 3-4m and 4-6m were set. Three schemes of 2m, 3m and 4m were set for the inclined length of the exposed slope. A total of 6 different preset schemes were set, see Table 3.

[0158] Table 3 Preset plan for tire laying

[0159]

[0160] S2: Design a simulated rainfall test plan for the embankment slope, and conduct a rainfall test on the embankment waste tire soil reinforcement slope. The embankment slope without plant growth on the slope of Menglu Expressway was selected as the test object for laying the waste tire soil reinforcement slope. The slope soil is sandy soil with a slope ratio of 1:1.5. According to the different preset plans in Table 3, the corresponding test sections were laid at the construction site.

[0161] The extreme rainfall process in Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Prefecture, which occurs once every 30 years, was used to simulate rainfall for the preset scheme of the physical embankment slope, and the extreme rainfall intensity in this rainfall process was used to conduct a 1-hour scour test on the physical embankment slope. See Table 4 for the rainfall scheme of the simulated rainfall test.

[0162] Table 4 Rainfall scheme for simulated rainfall test

[0163]

[0164]

[0165] A portable rainfall device was used to carry out the test. The slope area of ​​4m along the route direction of each scheme was taken as a single test area. According to Table 4, the on-site simulated rainfall scour test of the physical embankment slope was carried out in sequence. The slope scour gully status after scour of different slope layout schemes was obtained, see Table 5.

[0166] Table 5 Slope scour gully status table of different slope layout schemes

[0167]

[0168] The selection of the waste tire slope layout plan is based on the slope surface being able to remain relatively intact, without a large number of small grooves, cracks and other obvious damage.

[0169] (1) If the slope scouring status is relatively complete under different exposed slope length arrangement schemes, the larger exposed slope length shall be used as the test result;

[0170] (2) If the slopes of some schemes are damaged by scouring, the oblique length of the exposed slopes that are not damaged by scouring shall be used as the test result;

[0171] (3) If all preset schemes cannot meet the requirements for slope anti-scour, the exposed slope surface length should be reduced and the scour test should be conducted again until the slope surface condition meets the requirements, and the reduced exposed slope surface length should be used as the test result;

[0172] (4) If the embankment slope is still severely eroded when the tires are fully deployed, the layout of slope water interception facilities should be considered comprehensively or other forms of slope protection solutions should be selected.

[0173] According to the above-mentioned recommendation criteria, the application layout plan of the waste tire soil slope reinforcement for the embankment of Menglu Expressway is recommended. According to the test results of the on-site rainfall test on the waste tire soil slope reinforcement for the embankment of Menglu Expressway, the application parameters of the waste tire soil slope reinforcement for the embankment of Menglu Expressway are recommended.

[0174] For the recommended parameter ranges, see Table 6.

[0175] Table 6 Recommended range of oblique length parameters for exposed slopes

[0176] As shown in Table 6 below:

[0177] In terms of engineering implementation, the present invention first formulates a design plan based on parameters such as the embankment slope height and slope rate, then conducts an on-site rainfall test, adjusts the plan based on the test results, and then uses ABAQUS software to analyze and determine the anchor fixing parameters to complete the slope protection design. At the same time, this patent particularly emphasizes the convenience and economy of construction, and takes a specific roadbed protection project as an example to discuss in detail the construction steps and design parameters of this embankment waste tire slope protection design method in actual engineering construction.

[0178]

[0179] S3: Use ABAQUS to construct a single-tire mechanical model on a slope for mechanical state analysis.

[0180] Draw the overall outline of the model in the component creation interface of ABAQUS and define the model size. Determine the tire size according to the tire type determined by S1, refer to the relevant requirements of the Highway Subgrade Design Code (JTG D30) for the design of the embankment slope gradient and the slope soil quality to determine the calculation conditions, and draw the gradient according to the calculation conditions. For the embankment slope calculation condition types, see Table 5.

[0181] Table 5 Embankment slope calculation conditions

[0182]

[0183] In order to ensure the overall stability of the slope, the limit state of saturated slope soil is selected for mechanical analysis. The properties of the material are defined according to the relevant theories of soil mechanics, see Table 6.

[0184] Table 6 Material parameter definition table

[0185]

[0186] After all the above parameters related to the computational mechanics model are set, create a job in the job module of ABAQUS to perform analysis and calculation of the mechanical model.

[0187] S4: Selection of tire anchor type and design of its fixing parameters.

[0188] According to the mechanical state analysis results of the waste tire soil consolidation and slope protection working condition type S3, it is tested whether the waste tire on the slope under the calculated working condition will produce slip and slope sliding force when the slope soil is saturated with water. For the working conditions that produce slip and slope sliding force, anchor rods need to be installed in the tire to provide a certain anti-slip force to ensure the stability of the slope state under extreme rainfall conditions. The output results of the mechanical model under different working conditions are shown in Table 7

[0189] Table 7 Mechanical model output results under different working conditions

[0190]

[0191] According to the sliding force of waste tires on the slope under the saturated state of the slope soil under the calculated working conditions, φ14 threaded steel bar driven anchor rods are selected, and the tire fixing method of embedding the anchor rods into the inner wall of the tire is selected. With the goal of ensuring the overall stability of the slope, a mechanical analysis of the sliding degree of the tire group on the slope is carried out, and the anchor rod parameters are designed. According to the relevant requirements in the Technical Code for Construction Foundation Pit Support (JGJ 120-2012), the anchor strength of a single driven anchor rod is calculated, see Table 8.

[0192] Table 8 Calculation results of the ultimate anti-sliding force of a single anchor

[0193]

[0194]

[0195] The fixed length of the anchor rod should be selected to maximize the anti-slip effect of a single anchor rod while not seriously affecting the convenience of construction. Combining previous engineering experience and the anti-slip force level of a single anchor rod, the fixed length of the anchor rod is designed to be 80 cm. The fixed length of the anchor rod mainly consists of two parts: the first part is the exposed reserved length, and the exposed reserved length of the anchor rod here is designed to be 20 cm; the second part is the anchoring length, that is, the length of the anchor rod anchored inside the soil, and the anchoring length of the anchor rod here is designed to be 60 cm. For specific single-tire anchor rod fixed length parameters, see Table 9.

[0196] Table 9 Single tire anchor fixed length design table

[0197]

[0198] Based on the fact that the overall anti-slip force of the slope is greater than the overall sliding force, the minimum number of anchor fixing layers that meets the anti-slip force requirements of the slope under different working conditions is calculated, and the recommended values ​​of the number of single-tire anchor fixings and the minimum number of anchor fixing layers for waste tire soil reinforcement and slope protection under different working conditions are obtained, see Table 10.

[0199] The anchor bolt fixing position is shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 .

[0200] Table 10 Recommended number of anchor fixing layers and quantities

[0201]

[0202]

[0203] According to the anchor fixing parameter design method for waste tire soil slope reinforcement proposed above, the recommended tire layout scheme for the slope soil slope reinforcement of the Menglu Expressway embankment is obtained. The recommended anchor fixing parameter schemes under different working conditions are shown in Table 11.

[0204] As shown in Table 1 below:

[0205] Table 11 Recommended anchor bolt fixing parameters

[0206]

[0207]

[0208] Note: For the intermediate value of the slope height, the parameters should be selected according to the principle of rounding up. The number of anchor bolt fixing layers should start from the lowest layer at the bottom of the slope and go up in sequence.

[0209] Vegetation (4) is grass, shrubs or trees.

[0210] In summary, the advantages of the present invention in a specific embodiment are:

[0211] 1. According to the physical properties of waste tires and embankment slopes, the present invention conducts an anti-scour performance test of waste tire soil reinforcement slope protection on physical embankments under regional extreme rainfall intensity. Based on the fact that no obvious scour gullies appear on the slope after the test, the waste tire soil reinforcement slope protection arrangement scheme that meets the anti-scour performance of embankment slopes of different heights is selected; a single tire mechanical model is established through the finite element analysis software ABAQUS, and the displacement and sliding force of the tire under different working conditions are evaluated to determine the number and quantity of anchor fixing layers, and the rationality of the design scheme is scientifically demonstrated;

[0212] 2. In terms of engineering implementation, the present invention firstly prepares a design scheme based on the parameters such as the embankment slope height and slope rate, then conducts an on-site rainfall test, adjusts the scheme based on the test results, and then uses ABAQUS software to analyze and determine the anchor fixing parameters to complete the slope protection design. At the same time, this patent particularly emphasizes the convenience and economy of construction, and takes a specific roadbed protection project as an example to elaborate on the construction steps and design parameters of this embankment waste tire slope protection design method in actual engineering construction;

[0213] 3. The present invention proposes a design method for embankment slope protection using waste tires, aiming to fully improve the anti-scour performance of the slope, speed up the construction progress on the basis of ensuring the stability of the roadbed, realize "turning waste into treasure", and promote the efficient use of renewable resources. This method combines the environmental protection utilization of waste tires and the engineering needs of embankment protection. Through on-site simulated rainfall tests and finite element analysis, anchor rod fixing parameters are proposed and the layout plan of waste tires is determined;

[0214] 4. Based on the physical properties of waste tires and embankment slopes, the present invention conducts an anti-scour performance test of waste tire soil reinforcement slope protection on physical embankments under regional extreme rainfall intensity. Based on the fact that no obvious scour gullies appear on the slope after the test, the waste tire soil reinforcement slope protection layout scheme that meets the anti-scour performance of embankment slopes of different heights is selected; a single tire mechanical model is established through the finite element analysis software ABAQUS, and the displacement and sliding force of the tire under different working conditions are evaluated to determine the number and quantity of anchor fixing layers, and the rationality of the design scheme is scientifically demonstrated;

[0215] 5. The present invention aims to utilize waste tires for embankment slope protection. Through simulated rainfall tests and finite element analysis, an economical and scientific anchor bolt fixing parameter determination and layout scheme is proposed to achieve scientific application of waste resources and environmental protection.

[0216] 6. This method uses waste tires as the main material, and through simulated rainfall tests and finite element analysis, determines the layout of waste tires and anchor fixing parameters to improve the anti-scouring performance of embankment slopes and the resource utilization of waste tires;

[0217] 7. The method of the present invention includes the steps of preliminary design, on-site simulated rainfall test, mechanical model analysis, anchoring parameter determination, etc. The focus is on designing a slope protection scheme using waste tires, and ensuring the feasibility and stability of the slope protection scheme through a series of scientific tests and analyses;

[0218] 8. The present invention selects small-sized tires based on the parameters of embankment slope height, slope rate, etc. to formulate various waste tire layout schemes for embankment slopes; through simulating the anti-scour test of the actual embankment slope under extreme rainfall conditions, the waste tire layout schemes that meet the anti-scour performance of embankment slopes of different heights are screened; the single tire mechanical model is established by finite element analysis software, the stability of the waste tire slope is analyzed, the anchor rod fixing parameters of the waste tire soil consolidation slope protection are proposed, and the design scheme for the embankment waste tire slope protection is determined, so as to realize the effective use of waste tires in slope protection projects to enhance the stability and anti-scour ability of the slope;

[0219] 9. Using waste tires as the main material, through simulated rainfall tests and mechanical model analysis, optimize the layout of tires on the embankment slope to achieve the purpose of soil consolidation and slope protection. The research content involves field tests, mechanical model construction and determination of anchoring parameters, with the focus on improving the stability and anti-scouring ability of the embankment slope, while realizing the resource utilization of waste tires. The application field focuses on the protection engineering of embankment slopes;

[0220] 10. This method includes preliminary design, field simulated rainfall test, mechanical model analysis and determination of anchoring parameters, aiming to achieve reinforcement and protection of embankment slope through reasonable arrangement and fixation of waste tires.

[0221] 11. The exterior of the present invention is coated with anti-rust paint, which can prevent rust and extend the service life of the entire device, achieving environmental protection while saving resources. At the same time, the exterior of the device is coated with self-luminous fluorescent material, which can clearly mark the position of the protective structure during construction at night or in a dark environment, and can effectively serve as a safety reminder, improve conspicuousness, and be easy for people to identify, thereby increasing safety in construction and life.

[0222] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the above disclosed technical content to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still belongs to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for embankment waste tire slope protection, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Preliminary proposal for the road embankment soil consolidation and slope protection scheme using waste tires; S2: Based on the initially proposed soil consolidation and slope protection scheme, a simulated rainfall test scheme for the embankment slope was designed, and an on-site rainfall test for the soil consolidation and slope protection of the embankment with waste tires was carried out; S3: Use ABAQUS to build a single tire mechanical model on a slope to analyze the sliding degree of waste tires; S4: Determine the anchoring parameters of the waste tires on the slope according to the analysis results of the waste tire sliding degree; S5: According to the anchoring parameters of the waste tires on the slope, determine the construction plan for the slope protection of the waste tires on the embankment, and complete the corresponding construction protection of the slope.

2. A method for designing embankment slope protection using waste tires according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, according to "Specifications, Dimensions, Air Pressure and Load of Truck Tires" (GB / T 2977) and "Specifications, Dimensions, Air Pressure and Load of Passenger Car Tires" (GB / T 2978), combined with the experience in slope protection project construction, waste tires of the same model with convenient construction and small size are selected, and the waste tires are aligned and arranged layer by layer from bottom to top along the slope surface. The exposed slope oblique length of the waste tire soil consolidation slope protection is used as a design parameter, and a preliminary waste tire soil consolidation slope protection scheme for the embankment is proposed.

3. A method for designing slope protection of waste tires on embankments according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, waste tires are laid out on the embankment slope according to the initially proposed embankment waste tire soil consolidation and slope protection scheme, the slope area within 3 to 5 m along the route direction according to the preset scheme is selected as a single test area, a suitable artificial rainfall simulation device is selected and installed on the slope, and the regional extreme rainfall intensity is used as the test parameter to carry out the anti-scour performance test of the waste tire soil consolidation and slope protection under extreme rainfall conditions on the actual embankment slope.

4. A method for designing slope protection of waste tires on embankments according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anti-scour performance test is based on the slope surface being able to maintain a relatively intact state, including the absence of a large number of fine grooves and cracks that are obviously damaged, as the basis for selecting the waste tire slope layout plan: (1) If the slope scouring status is relatively complete under different exposed slope length arrangement schemes, the larger exposed slope length shall be used as the test result; (2) If the slopes of some schemes are damaged by scouring, the oblique length of the exposed slopes that are not damaged by scouring shall be used as the test result; (3) If all preset schemes cannot meet the requirements for slope anti-scour, the exposed slope surface length should be reduced and the scour test should be conducted again until the slope surface condition meets the requirements, and the reduced exposed slope surface length should be used as the test result; (4) If the embankment slope is still severely eroded when the tires are fully deployed, the layout of slope water interception facilities should be considered comprehensively or other forms of slope protection solutions should be selected. Among them, based on the recommended criteria of the above-mentioned plan, the application layout plan of the embankment waste tire soil consolidation and slope protection was determined by comparison.

5. The method for designing the slope protection of waste tires on embankments according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, the tire model selected in step S1 is used to construct a mechanical model of a single waste tire on the embankment slope with different soils and slope slopes using ABAQUS, and the limit state of saturated soil on the slope is used as the calculation condition, and the displacement state and sliding force of the single waste tire on the slope are used as calculation indicators to analyze the sliding degree of the waste tire under different working conditions; The analysis of the sliding degree of waste tires includes selecting φ14 threaded steel bar driven anchor rods, aiming to prevent tires from sliding on the slope, and performing mechanical analysis and calculation on the sliding degree of tire groups on the slope for the application arrangement scheme of the waste tire soil reinforcement slope protection determined in step S2; According to the relevant requirements in the Technical Code for Construction Foundation Pit Support (JGJ 120-2012), the calculation formula for the anti-sliding force of a single anchor is: F 锚 =q sk πdl Formula (1) Where: F 锚 is the anti-slip force of the anchor rod (N); q sk is the bond strength between the anchor and the soil (kPa), refer to the Technical Code for Construction Foundation Pit Support (JGJ 120-2012) Standard value of ultimate bond strength of soil nails in; d is the diameter of the anchor rod (m); l is the length of the anchor embedded in the soil (m).

6. A method for designing slope protection of waste tires on embankments according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the waste tire sliding degree analysis also includes selecting, according to the mechanical state analysis of the waste tires on the slope and the anti-sliding force level of the anchor rods, anchoring the tires on the slope in the lower part of the area in the order from bottom to top, dividing the waste tires on the slope into an anchor-fixed layer near the bottom of the slope and a bare tire layer near the top of the slope, and dividing the slope anchor-fixed area; The number of single-tire anchor bolts is designed to be one. For different slope gradients, soil types and slope heights, the number of anchor bolt fixing layers is determined by establishing an inequality relationship between the total anti-sliding force of the entire slope and the total sliding force of the slope. Among them, the conditional relationship that should be met when the slope is in a stable state is: F 锚 >F Formula (2) Where: F is the total sliding force on the slope (N); F 锚 is the total anti-sliding force of slope anchor (N).

7. A method for designing slope protection of waste tires on embankments according to claim 6, characterized in that: The total sliding force of the slope is the sum of the sliding forces generated by each single tire on the slope. The calculation formula for the total sliding force of the slope of waste tire soil reinforcement under different working conditions is: F ij =f i ×m ij ×n Formula (3) Where: F ij is the total sliding force on the slope of waste tire soil reinforcement under different working conditions (N); f i is the maximum sliding force under single tire static load under the i-th slope soil condition (N); m ij is the tire arrangement method on the slope of the jth embankment slope height under the i-th slope soil condition. Under the case, the total number of layers of slope tires laid; n is the total number of slope tire rows.

8. A method for designing embankment slope protection using waste tires according to claim 6, characterized in that: The total anti-slip force of the slope anchor rod is formed by the superposition of the anti-slip force generated by each anchor rod on the slope surface. The calculation formula for the total anti-slip force of the slope anchor rod of the waste tire soil reinforcement slope protection under different working conditions is: F 锚ijL =f 锚L ×k ij ×n×s Formula (4) Where: F 锚ijL is the total anti-sliding force of the anchor rods on the slope of waste tire soil reinforcement under different working conditions (N); f 锚L is the ultimate anti-sliding force of a single anchor with an anchoring length of L (N); k ij is the slope tire arrangement scheme for the jth embankment slope height under the i-th slope soil condition. Number of anchor fixing layers; n is the total number of slope tire laying rows; s is the number of anchor bolts fixed to a single tire, and its value is 1; Substitute the tire force parameters and anchor design parameters under different working conditions into formulas 3 and 4 for calculation. Based on the inequality relationship in formula 2 that the overall anti-slip force of the slope is greater than the overall sliding force, the minimum number of anchor fixing layers that meets the anti-slip force requirements of the slope under different working conditions is calculated.

9. A road embankment waste tire slope protection structure, characterized by: The protective structure includes: Waste tires (1), the waste tires (1) are installed in rows on the slope (3); A plurality of anchor rods (2) are provided, each anchor rod (2) passing through the inner bottom wall of each waste tire (1) and being installed on the slope surface (3).

10. The waste tire slope protection structure of embankment according to claim 9 is characterized by: The waste tire (1) also comprises at least one of a car tire outer tire, a motorcycle tire outer tire, an agricultural machinery tire outer tire or an industrial tire outer tire; The anchor rod (2) includes a prestressed anchor rod, an anchoring anchor rod, a grouting anchor rod, a plate anchor rod or a composite anchor rod.

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